共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 218 毫秒
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针对目前量测土体膨胀力的主要方法所存在的不足,提出近似完全限制条件下测量土体膨胀力的改进方法。以压实红黏土为研究对象,测到不同初始状态（含水率、干密度）试样的膨胀力,并与膨胀反压法测得的膨胀力进行对比分析,发现限制膨胀方法测得的膨胀力要小于膨胀反压法的试验值。同时,显现出限制膨胀法测膨胀力具有3个主要优点：试验过程中保持土体不发生变形,更加符合膨胀力的物理定义;试验耗时少、占空间少;能测较宽含水率范围内的膨胀力。最后,利用压汞法和氮吸附法测得不同状态下土体的细观孔隙结构分布特征。结果表明：相同干密度试样,制样含水率对压实土体的孔隙分布影响显著;黏土晶间和粒间吸水自由膨胀后发生“不可逆”膨胀变形;土体发生“不可逆”膨胀变形程度是引起限制膨胀法和膨胀反压法所得试验结果出现差异的主要原因。 相似文献
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目前测量土体膨胀力的主要方法有膨胀反压法、加压膨胀法、平衡加压法和恒体积法。基于测量膨胀力的恒体积法,利用TST-55型渗透仪、高精度压力传感器和数采系统改进了测量土体膨胀力的装置,并研究了膨胀土的膨胀特性。试验结果表明,土样初始含水率和干密度对土体的极限膨胀力都有显著的影响,并建立了极限膨胀力与两者之间的关系式;较低初始含水率时,不同干密度的土样在膨胀力达到峰值之后,都有不同幅度的降低,随着干密度的增大而降低的越多,并且发现极限膨胀力降低值与干密度之间在双对数坐标轴上存在线性关系;而在较高初始含水率时,不同干密度的土样在膨胀力达到峰值之后,会保持平稳趋势。极限膨胀力的对数与初始含水率之间具有很好的线性关系,土样吸水量的对数与初始含水率以及干密度均有着很好的线性关系。 相似文献
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《岩土力学》2017,(Z1):381-386
以合肥重塑膨胀土为研究对象,采用改进的三向胀缩仪开展了16组不同初始含水率与干密度的三向膨胀力试验。研究结果表明,(1)在所研究的含水率、干密度范围内竖向膨胀力总是大于横向膨胀力,快速膨胀阶段大致在0~2 h以内,该阶段竖向膨胀力可达到极限膨胀力的80%以上;(2)同一干密度下竖向膨胀力随初始含水率增大而减小,竖向膨胀力与初始含水率之间具有良好的线性关系,且干密度越大,竖向膨胀力随着初始含水率的变化速率越大;(3)在竖向膨胀力与干密度的关系图中,每条曲线均以干密度1.6 g/cm~3为分界点呈双线性关系;(4)由膨胀力对数与初始干密度的关系,不同初始含水率下的ln(P_z)-ρ_d关系为一系列近似平行的递增直线,直线斜率大致相同,说明膨胀力随初始干密度的变化速度不随含水率的变化而变化。 相似文献
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膨胀岩的体积变形具有明显的水-力路径效应,为了研究浸水-循环加卸载条件下压实膨胀岩的变形特征,以延吉膨胀岩为研究对象,开展了不同初始含水率试样的一维膨胀-循环压缩试验。根据试样浸水膨胀后的压缩-回弹曲线,确定了压缩指数、回弹指数以及二者之差,并引入累积总变形率和累积残余变形率的概念来表征其在循环加卸载条件下的变形特征。结果表明:膨胀率与初始含水率具有显著的线性负相关关系;随着循环次数增加,加、卸载曲线越来越平缓,卸载-再加载滞回环面积逐渐减小,试样的压缩指数、回弹指数以及二者之差均呈逐渐减小的趋势,单次循环产生的总变形和残余变形逐渐减小,累积总变形和累积残余变形先增加后逐渐趋于稳定;初始含水率越小的试样,压缩指数和回弹指数越大,累积总变形和累积残余变形越大;循环加卸载过程对不同初始含水率试样的力学性质有强化和同化作用。 相似文献
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混合型缓冲回填材料膨胀力试验研究 总被引：7，自引：1，他引：6
与纯膨润土相比,混合型缓冲回填材料（膨润土与石英砂混合物）能够实现防渗阻隔能力、热传导性能、力学强度和可施工性能的最佳组合。选用高庙子钠基膨润土（GMZ001）为缓冲回填材料的主料,添加不同比例的石英砂,对掺砂比分别为0、10%、20%、30%、40%和50%的膨润土-砂混合物压实试样进行室内试验。结果表明,混合物的液限、塑限随掺砂率的增大而线性降低;膨胀力随时间呈指数增长。初始含水率较大时,最大膨胀力随初始含水率的增大略有降低。掺砂率一定时,最大膨胀力随初始干密度指数增长。提出了有效黏土密度的概念,建立了一定初始含水率条件下,任意掺砂率和初始干密度的高庙子膨润土-砂混合物最大膨胀力归一化模型,为混合型缓冲回填材料膨胀力的预测与控制提供了依据。 相似文献
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不同压实度荆门弱膨胀土的一维膨胀-压缩特性 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为探讨压实膨胀土的体变行为,以荆门弱膨胀土为研究对象,借助高压固结仪对6种制样压实度下的膨胀土试样进行了一维无荷载膨胀和含一次卸载-再加载循环的压缩试验。基于膨胀试验结果,构建了膨胀时程方程,通过参数分析,明确了方程参数的物理意义,并建议了膨胀时程曲线3阶段的划分方法。基于压缩试验结果,探讨了固结屈服应力、压缩指数Cc、回弹指数Cs、膨胀力与制样压实度、土体结构性、膨胀势、孔隙比的相关关系。试验结果及其分析表明,膨胀土体积变化是膨胀势与外部荷载、湿度变化的耦合作用结果,且具有强烈的水-力路径依赖性。 相似文献
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边加敏 《水文地质工程地质》2020,47(5):125-133
为研究压实弱膨胀土的膨胀变形特性,对取自高淳某边坡的弱膨胀土进行固结及浸水膨胀变形试验,研究了在300,200,150,100,75,50,25和12.5 kPa共8种上覆压力下不同初始干密度及初始含水率土体的固结及膨胀变形特征。试验结果表明:初始含水率及初始干密度对弱膨胀土的膨胀变形特性均存在一定的影响,在其余条件相同的情况下,膨胀土的膨胀变形量随着初始干密度的增大而增大,随着初始含水率的增大而减小。分析了膨胀土固结及膨胀变形过程的典型曲线特点,研究了不同初始干密度及初始含水率下土体固结与膨胀曲线膨胀区与压缩区分界点特征,得出在初始含水率相同时,分界点的上覆压力与分界点孔隙比及土体的初始干密度均呈正比关系。通过对土体试验数据的分析拟合,结合土体变形过程中的孔隙比与初始状态关系的推导,提出了弱膨胀土的膨胀变形量计算方法,结合工程包边法路堤填筑的荷载分布,采用分层总和法推导了工程包边法膨胀土路堤填筑的膨胀变形量计算方法,并用于路堤膨胀量的预估中。 相似文献
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In the context of the French Cigéo-project, a mixture composed of 70% processed Callovo-Oxfordian claystone spoil and 30% MX80-bentonite could be a potential backfill material, whose installation aims to stabilize the surrounding rock formation and to limit the propagation of the excavation damaged zone. The backfill material must sustain the overburden pressure, despite that it might be exposed to different hydraulic and mechanical paths. The reference concept considers employing conventional compaction techniques, although their employment involves spatial variations in the dry density after compaction. In general, as the initial dry density has a significant impact on the hydro-mechanical behavior of backfill materials, it is of major importance to relate the variations in the initial dry density to differences in the behavior. This experimental laboratory study aimed to analyze how variations in the initial dry density affect the swelling and compression behavior of the claystone/bentonite mixture, in particular in unsaturated state. Further, it evaluated whether those variations affected possible hydro-mechanical path dependences. The experimental program comprised suction-controlled oedometer and constant-volume swelling pressure experiments, in which samples characterized by different initial dry densities were exposed to different hydro-mechanical paths. The analysis of microstructural and water retention characteristics complemented the program. Major results indicated that the magnitude of swelling pressure at a given suction depends considerably on the initial dry density, but it is independent of the imposed hydro-mechanical path. Interestingly, the dependency of the yield behavior on the hydro-mechanical path appears to be more pronounced as the initial dry density increases.
相似文献12.
A mixture of the MX80 bentonite and the Callovo-Oxfordian (COx) claystone were investigated by carrying out a series of experiments including determination of the swelling pressure of compacted samples by constant-volume method, pre-swell method, zero-swell method and swell–consolidation method. Distilled water, synthetic water and humidity controlled vapour were employed for hydration. Results show that upon wetting the swelling pressure increases with decreasing suction; however, there are no obvious effects of synthetic water chemistry and hydration procedure on the swelling behaviour in both short and long terms. For the same initial dry density, the swelling pressure decreases with increasing pre-swell strain; whereas there is a well defined logarithmic relation between the swelling pressure and final dry density of the sample regardless of the initial dry densities and the experimental methods. It was also found that swelling pressure depends on the loading-wetting conditions as a consequence of the different microstructure changes occurred in different conditions. Furthermore, it was attempted to elaborate a general relationship between the swelling pressure and the final dry density for various reference bentonites. 相似文献
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Shale swelling/shrinkage and water content change due to imposed suction and due to direct brine contact 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
Russell T. Ewy 《Acta Geotechnica》2014,9(5):869-886
Analyses were performed on nine different preserved shales, representing in situ states of 5–15 % water content and 0.13–0.42 void ratio. Under varying total suction (controlled humidity), each shale shows well-defined relationships among suction, volume change, water content and saturation, with the lower-porosity shales undergoing less volume and water content change than the higher-porosity shales. A decrease in in situ porosity is also associated with a much higher native state suction as well as full saturation extending to suction values beyond 40 MPa. Only part of the high suction is due to capillary tension. Under direct brine exposure, the shales almost always swell, even when the brine has an equivalent suction greater than the shale. This is likely due to the reduction in some component of the matric suction. The shale pore water is found to equilibrate with the solute content of the surrounding brine, due to ion diffusion. Much or all of the swelling, and water increase, appears to take place in the clay-bound water and not in the main (free water) pore space. The swelling magnitude is consistent with the amount of water content increase. Swelling usually corresponds to less than one additional water layer being added between the clays. Swelling, and water increase, is very small for the low-porosity shales. Some osmotic effects are observable in all the shales, and cation exchange on the clays also takes place. Swelling is best inhibited with potassium, followed by sodium, followed by calcium, for brines of equal water activity ranging from 0.8 to 0.9. 相似文献
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Abdullah I. Al-Mhaidib 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》1998,16(4):291-307
Severe and widespread damage in residential buildings, sidewalks and pavements in various parts of the middle region of Saudi Arabia is caused by the development of heave and swelling pressure in the expansive shales in the region. This paper presents the problems and the geotechnical and physicochemical properties of the tested shales. The swelling potential was determined using various methods. Swell tests were conducted under different loading conditions and following different procedures to quantify the amount of vertical swell and swelling pressure. The conventional one-dimensional oedometer swell tests were performed using three different procedures, namely, free swell, constant volume swell and swell overburden. In addition, swell tests were performed in the stress path triaxial apparatus. Tests under different vertical stresses and confinements were conducted. Vertical swell and swelling pressure obtained from the various methods were compared. The reliability of the different methods for estimation of swelling potential is discussed. 相似文献
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针对隧道工程中硬石膏围岩在压力水作用下的膨胀现象,设计加工了多功能膨胀仪。使用该仪器及MTS815岩石力学测试系统,对不同水压条件下硬石膏岩的轴向膨胀应变及侧向膨胀应力进行了测试,对压力水作用后硬石膏岩的含水状态及力学特性进行了测试。结果表明：水压越大,硬石膏岩的最大轴向膨胀应变及最大侧向膨胀应力越大,膨胀起始时间越短;随水压的增大,硬石膏岩的吸水率增大,结晶水率逐渐增大并趋于吸水率,而自由水率逐渐减小并趋于0;硬石膏岩的弹性模量和峰值强度随水压的增大而增大。这些说明水压能影响其含水状态,增强硬石膏岩的膨胀性,促进其膨胀的激活,提高其力学性能。基于试验结果,建立了压力水作用下的硬石膏岩吸水状态方程,并改进了湿度场理论体系中的膨胀本构模型。 相似文献
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J. P. Carter 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》1988,12(2):197-212
Previous field and laboratory studies have shown that the creation of a borehole in a saturated cohesive soil mass induces significant pore water suctions in the vicinity of the hole. The dissipation of these pore water suctions (swelling) leads to local increases in the moisture content and hence a softening of the soil around the hole. This softening may have important consequences for the stability of the hole and also for the ultimate load capacity of any foundation elements (bored piles or drilled shafts) constructed in these holes. This paper presents a semi-analytical solution for the radial dissipation of pore water pressure around a freshly created, vertical hole. It is assumed the soil deforms elastically during the swelling process. The solutions are presented in the form of isochrones of excess pore water pressure and may be used to obtain estimates of the time required for the soil around the hole to swell and therefore to soften. Both permeable and impermeable borehole interfaces have been considered, together with either no support for the hole or partial support provided by hydrostatic pressure within the hole. 相似文献
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研究掺粉煤灰对合肥膨胀土的物理性质指标以及胀缩性指标等的影响,探讨利用粉煤灰改良膨胀土的措施与效果。试验研究结果表明,在膨胀土中掺入适量的粉煤灰可有效降低膨胀土的塑性指数、降低膨胀势、减小线缩率与降低活性。在膨胀土中掺入粉煤灰还可改变膨胀土的击实特性,一定击实功作用下,随着掺灰率的增加,土体的最优含水率与最大干密度均减小,膨胀土中掺入粉煤灰后,膨胀土可在较小的含水率下通过击实或压实达到稳定。掺灰膨胀土的膨胀量与膨胀力随养护龄期的增长而减小;没有经过养护的掺灰土,其无侧限抗压强度随掺灰率的变化几乎没有变化,经过7 d养护后,土的无侧限抗压强度有所增长,并且存在一个峰值点,合肥膨胀土的无侧限抗压强度所对应的最佳掺粉煤灰率约为15 %～20 %。 相似文献
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传统的湿度应力场理论处理硬石膏围岩膨胀问题时,未反映膨胀特性与湿度状态之间的时变关系。以该理论为基础,设计硬石膏岩膨胀试验：不同初始湿度下的膨胀,不同浸水时间的膨胀,以及膨胀后的抗拉强度测试。试验发现：随初始湿度的增加,硬石膏岩膨胀持续的时间增长,最大膨胀应变和应力增大,终止时的吸水率和结晶水率增加,而自由水率近于0;相同初始湿度下,随浸水时间增加,其吸水率先快速后缓慢增加,结晶水率逐渐增大到接近于吸水率,自由水率逐渐减小到接近于0;随吸水率的增加,其最大轴向膨胀应变、最大侧向膨胀应力和抗拉强度都呈增大趋势。根据试验结果,建立了湿度状态时变系列方程以及含时间效应的膨胀本构模型。 相似文献