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1.
Fourier transformed infrared spectrometry (FTIR) and 27Al Magic Angle spinning (MAS) nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy were employed to characterize arsenate adsorption on amorphous Al gels with Keggin structure at pH =4–10. These studies have proven that: the surface complex species of arsenate show significant differences under acidic and alkaline conditions, which was deduced based on the As-O stretching vibration bands located respectively at 774 and 870 cm-1; poorly crystalline Al13 (or Al)-arsen... 相似文献
2.
利用拉曼光谱和红外光谱研究了方解石、白云石和菱镁矿的光谱学特征,探究了影响三种矿物红外辐射性能的因素。三种矿物的拉曼光谱(Raman)、中红外吸收光谱(MIR)、远红外吸收光谱(FIR)显示随着矿物中镁含量的增大将会影响CO32-的面外弯曲振动(ν2)、反对称伸缩振动(ν3)和平面内弯曲振动(ν4),使各光谱特征峰均向高频端迁移。基于黑体辐射定律以及在80 ℃、400~2 000 cm-1矿物的辐射能量谱,结果显示方解石、白云石、菱镁矿的发射率依次减少(0.951,0.938,0.895)。三种矿物的红外吸收光谱和发射光谱中的振动位置均受CO32-基频的显著影响,在1 300~1 650 cm-1均产生宽的低吸收带,该吸收带与CO32-的反对称伸缩振动相关,且吸收带范围(202,236,272 cm-1)与发射率之间呈负相关关系。因此,当最强化学键的振动出现在发射光谱窄的吸收带范围内会产生相对较高的辐射能和发射率。此外,矿物的晶体结构也会影响发射率,大的离子半径、键长和晶胞体积将降低辐射过程中能量的吸收,增强辐射特性。综上研究结果,方解石、白云石和菱镁矿的拉曼光谱和红外光谱揭示了金属原子的相对质量对光谱学特征的显著影响,其发射率可能受到C—O键的反伸缩振动范围、最强吸收带控制的最低发射率以及矿物晶体结构的共同影响。这项研究呈现了必要的光谱信息和热发射率数据以识别特定的碳酸盐矿物,为类似矿物的光谱特征研究奠定了基础;同时为进一步认识地壳中大量的碳酸盐矿物提供了研究方法,也为地外勘探的深入研究给予相关的理论基础。 相似文献
3.
对市场上出现的盔犀鸟头胄工艺品及其拼合制品、仿制品,在宝石显微镜下放大观察,采用扫描电子显微镜、傅里叶变换红外光谱仪、紫外一可见光谱仪、激光拉曼光谱仪等大型分析仪器进行测试,探究其物质组成、生长结构、颜色成因以及鉴定方法。结果表明,盔犀鸟头胄整体表现为层状鳞片生长结构,头胄工艺品的黄色基体中普遍发育近平行条带生长结构,红色圆斑与黄色基体呈渐变过渡关系;红外光谱表现为酰胺特征吸收谱带,表明角蛋白为头胄主要成分;特征的紫外一可见吸收光谱与拉曼光谱均标志着类胡萝卜素的存在,且类胡萝卜素是头胄的主要呈色原因。拼合工艺品的红色圆斑具有清晰边界并可见拼合缝隙,红外光谱显示红色圆斑为人造树脂材料。仿制品的黄色基体内部可见气泡,红外光谱揭示其整体均为人造树脂。 相似文献
4.
采用x射线粉晶衍射（XRD）、博里叶变换红外光谱（FTI码以及拉曼光谱等方法对安徽马鞍山具磷灰石假象的绿松石进行了研究。结果表明：其主要矿物组成为绿松石,保留了磷灰石六边形的形态特征。XRD~U试的特征谱线d值为36745～36748（111）、29008～29025（123）、34247～34293（2101、32709～32781（113）、61626～61781（011）3020130～20162（301）,与绿松石的标准衍射谱线基本致。红外光谱测试分析表明：3510～3465cm。间的谱带归属绿松石0（OH）的伸缩振动,3300～3070cm’间的谱带归属为绿松Nu（M-H。O）伸缩振动,1210-1012cm’间的谱带归属为绿松石U3口O。）ira缩振动,在838cm。附近的吸收谱带归属为绿松石6（OH）弯曲振动,655-480cm。间的谱带归属为绿松石u4（P04）弯曲振动。拉曼光谱测试分析表明：3466cm’附近的尖锐拉曼谱峰归属于绿松石（OH）基团的伸缩振动所致,宽缓的拉曼谱峰3281cm’~03078cm’归属于绿松石中水合络离子的伸缩振动,798cm’谱峰则是由于OH的弯曲振动所致。 相似文献
5.
水钠锰矿为自然界中常见的锰氧化物矿物,其离子交换作用及结构转变理解尚不深刻,矿物表征手段较为局限.为探究水钠锰矿的离子交换特性以及结构转变在拉曼光谱上的反映,利用MnSO4和NaOH合成了三斜晶系的Na型水钠锰矿,进行了NH4+、K+、Mg2+、Ca2+、Ba2+、Co2+、Zn2+的离子交换实验,使用ICP-OES、XRD、拉曼光谱等手段对离子交换水钠锰矿进行表征.拉曼光谱分析表明,570~585 cm-1与640~655 cm-1两个锰氧八面体伸缩振动模式的相对强度及570~585 cm-1附近拉曼峰峰位指示水钠锰矿的结构对称型;570~585 cm-1拉曼峰强度大、振动频率高指示三斜对称型.280 cm-1与500 cm-1附近的拉曼峰是层间离子种类的识别标志.水钠锰矿层间若为Na+、K+、Mg2+、Ca2+、Ba2+等碱金属、碱土金属离子,则在280 cm-1附近存在1个峰值,500 cm-1存在2个分立的峰值;其他种类的层间离子仅500 cm-1处有1个孤峰,指示层间离子排列无序. 相似文献
6.
Shuangmeng Zhai Weihong Xue Chung-Cherng Lin Xiang Wu Eiji Ito 《Physics and Chemistry of Minerals》2011,38(8):639-646
High-temperature Raman spectra and thermal expansion of tuite, γ-Ca3(PO4)2, have been investigated. The effect of temperature on the Raman spectra of synthetic tuite was studied in the range from 80 to 973 K at atmospheric pressure. The Raman frequencies of all observed bands for tuite continuously decrease with increasing temperature. The quantitative analysis of temperature dependence of Raman bands indicates that the changes in Raman frequencies for stretching modes (ν3 and ν1) are faster than those for bending modes (ν4 and ν2) of PO4 in the present temperature range, which may be attributed to the structural evolution of PO4 tetrahedron in tuite at high temperature. The thermal expansion of tuite was examined by means of in situ X-ray diffraction measurements in the temperature range from 298 to 923 K. Unit cell parameters and volume were analyzed, and the thermal expansion coefficients were obtained as 3.67 (3), 1.18 (1), and 1.32 (3) × 10?5 K?1 for V, a, and c, respectively. Thermal expansion of tuite shows an axial anisotropy with a larger expansion coefficient along the c-axis. The isothermal and isobaric mode Grüneisen parameters and intrinsic anharmonicity of tuite have been calculated by using present high-temperature Raman spectra and thermal expansion coefficient combined with previous results of the isothermal bulk modulus and high-pressure Raman spectra. 相似文献
7.
采用Fourier变换红外吸收光谱和X射线粉晶衍射技术对四川石棉县蛇纹石猫眼进行了研究。红外吸收光谱结果表明:四川蛇纹石猫眼可分为纤蛇纹石和叶蛇纹石两种类型,两者在(960-1100)cm-1和(3600-3690)cm-1的范围内由Si-O伸缩振动的E1类振动和OH伸缩振动表现出的红外谱带分裂强度及谱带特征存在明显的差异。在(960- 1100)cm-1间:纤蛇蚊石的红外光谱分裂成三个明显的谱带,而叶蛇纹石在此区间只有两条谱带。在570cm-1附近的红外谱带以肩状出现;OH伸缩振动区:纤蛇蚊石出现两条红外谱带,而叶蛇蚊石只出现一条红外谱带。X射线粉晶衍射结果表明:叶蛇蚊石具有d202=0．2522nm(I/I0=19)和d203=0．2430nm(I／I0=18)的特征谱线,而纤蛇纹石则具有d202、006=0．2446nm(I／I0=29)的特征谱线,d020>0．245nm近0．249 nm的特征谱线缺失。 相似文献
8.
在适当的热处理条件下,黄绿色绿柱石能够转变为理想颜色的海蓝宝石。天然海蓝宝石与热处理海蓝宝石的价格差异较大,因此探索热处理海蓝宝石的诊断性鉴定特征就显得十分必要。对不同温度下热处理海蓝宝石进行傅里叶变换红外光谱和激光拉曼光谱的测试分析,结果发现,当热处理温度超过400℃后,随着加热温度的升高,在红外光谱中由[Fe2（OH）4]2＋伸缩振动gI起的3233cm叫处吸收谱峰明显减弱,直至消失。5268cm叫附近由水伸缩和弯曲振动}I起合频区的吸收带由尖峰变得宽缓;8700,6818cm叫两处水吸收峰的相对强度也随着加热温度升高而减弱。热处理海蓝宝石Si-0-Si伸缩振动产生的在682,3604cm叫处的拉曼光谱谱峰强度随着加热温度升高逐渐减弱,1070cm“处的拉曼峰强度明显降低。经700℃加热后,拉曼光谱基线明显向上方漂移。这些光谱特征变化对热处理海蓝宝石的鉴定有重要意义。 相似文献
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10.
本文应用金刚石压腔装置结合拉曼光谱分析技术原位观测了高温高压条件下水镁石的结构变化特征。结果表明：常温升至300℃过程中,随温度升高,水镁石中表征H-O对称伸缩振动的3652 cm-1拉曼特征峰向低波数移动,拉曼特征峰波数与对应的体系温度呈现良好的线性相关关系。常温条件下体系加压过程中,当压力升高至1.19 GPa时,水镁石中表征H-O振动的3652 cm-1拉曼峰向高波数移动并逐渐消失,同时产生表征方镁石的1078 cm-1拉曼特征峰,表明水镁石脱水相变为方镁石。随后压力降低过程中,表征水镁石H-O振动的3652 cm-1拉曼特征峰没有重新出现,脱水相变过程不可逆。 相似文献
11.
Spectroscopic and bond-topological investigation of interstitial volatiles in beryl from Slovakia 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Jana Fridrichová Peter Bačík Valéria Bizovská Eugen Libowitzky Radek Škoda Pavel Uher Daniel Ozdín Martin Števko 《Physics and Chemistry of Minerals》2016,43(6):419-437
Nine beryl samples from Western Carpathians, Slovakia, were investigated by infrared and Raman spectroscopy and differential thermal analysis. Two types of water H2O I and H2O II were detected. Infrared spectroscopy proved the presence of water type I and II in the presence of alkali cations with several bands: (1) symmetric stretching vibration—ν1; (2) antisymmetric stretching mode—ν3; (3) bending vibration—ν2. The presence of singly and doubly coordinated type II water (IIs and IId) was confirmed by single-crystal IR spectroscopy. From Raman spectra a band at 3606 cm?1 was assigned to ν1 of water type I and the range of 3597–3600 cm?1 to water type II. The presence of doubly coordinating water indicates a relatively highly hydrated environment with the presence of alkali ions including Na as the dominant cation coordinated by H2O II. CO2 bands were detected only by single-crystal IR spectroscopy. Thermal analysis proved total water loss in the range of 1.4–2.0 wt% and three main dehydration events. Based on the study of bond-topological arrangements two molecules of H2O IId are each bound with two H···O1 bonds and one Na–OW bond with an angular distortion, and by releasing one H2O molecule more stable H2O IIs is produced. The H2O I molecule is bound only by two equivalent hydrogen bonds. The H2O IIs molecule with a Na–OW bond strength of 0.28 vu and two H···O1 bonds of 0.14 vu without any forced angular distortion is the most stable of all. 相似文献
12.
利用热液金刚石压腔研究了白云石在温度298 K、压力100~1 000 MPa下C-O键弯曲振动峰1ν097的拉曼变化特征。结果表明,在实验的压力范围内白云石稳定,其拉曼位移和压力具有很好的线性关系,拟合后得出压力与白云石1 097 cm-1拉曼线频率位移的关系为:p=143.47(Δpν)1 097+102.67(1 097相似文献
13.
异极矿热相变过程的高温原位拉曼光谱 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用高温拉曼光谱技术,对异极矿进行了原位拉曼光谱的测试和研究。结果表明,异极矿加热至800 K时,与结晶水(H2O)中O-H伸缩振动对应的3 470 cm-1特征拉曼谱峰消失,但标志硅酸盐骨架[Si2O7] (Q1)结构的特征谱峰926 cm-1未受影响,表明结晶水的丢失并不影响异极矿的整体结构。当加热至1 050 K,反映结构水O-H伸缩振动的特征峰3 580 cm-1消失,与Q1结构单元Si-Onb对称伸缩振动相对应的特征峰926 cm-1强度逐渐减小,并出现与Q0相对应的852.4 cm-1特征峰。这表明加热到1 050 K时,异极矿开始出现相变。当升温达1 100 K以上,结构水(OH)的特征谱峰(3 580 cm-1)消失,与Si-Onb对称伸缩振动对应的特征拉曼谱峰变为855 cm-1,这标志着异极矿原有的Q1结构已完全转变为硅锌矿的Q0结构 ([SiO4]结构),也就是说异极矿已完成向硅锌矿的转变。 相似文献
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15.
In this study, Raman scattering measurements were obtained for momo corals covering their typical range of colors. Three different excitation wavelengths (785, 633, 514 nm) are used for the same samples at the same points. All the samples show the two major Raman features of polyenic compounds assigned to double carbon-carbon (C=C) stretching vibration at approximately 1 500 cm-1 and single carbon-carbon (C--C) stretching vibration at approximately 1 130 cm-1 bond stretching mode. These peaks are not detected in the corresponding white parts of momo corals. However, somechanges in intensities, shape, and position of C=C stretching vibrations of the same point are observed by using different excitation wavelengths. The exact position of C-C stretching vibration of polyenic molecules depends strongly on the number of double bonds contained in their polyenic chain. In addition, the number of double bonds contained in the polyenic chains shows that different colors of the red momo coral are caused by different mixtures of polyenic compounds. 相似文献
16.
This study focused on the ferric sulfate precipitates formed during the culture of Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans (A. ferrooxidans) in a modified 9K medium by applying a potential control on the electrode. X-ray diffraction (XRD), environmental scanning
electron microscope (ESEM), Raman spectroscopy (Raman) and Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were carried out
to characterize and identify the precipitates which were formed, respectively, in the electrochemical cultivation with a fixed
cathode potential (bias-experiment) and in the conventional batch cultivation without cathode potential control (no-bias-experiment).
The results indicated that K-jarosite presented in both experiments while NH4-jarosite and schwertmannite were only found in the no-bias-experiment. The formation of different precipitates could be attributed
to the different growth statuses and rates of A. ferrooxidans and the different concentrations of Fe3+. In the bias-experiment, external electrons reproduced Fe2+ and promoted the growth of A. ferrooxidans, thus resulting in the low Fe3+ concentration and the rapid depletion of NH4
+ as the nitrogen source, in which K-jarosite was preferentially formed. In the no-bias-experiment, the lower concentration
of A. ferrooxidans was observed, which was due to the continuous consumption of Fe2+ by bacteria, thus resulting in the relatively higher Fe3+ and the NH4
+ concentration in culture. The high concentration of Fe3+ favored the precipitation of the solid solution of K-NH4-H3O jarosite, and led to the formation of schwertmannite after K+ and NH4
+ were depleted. 相似文献
17.
沉积有机质的喇曼光谱研究 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
本文用激光喇曼光谱显微探针研究了选自广西、湖南和New Caldeonin（澳大利亚）的11个有代表性沉积变质岩样品中的沉积有机质。有机质有两个主要喇曼频率振动区域:1600cm-1峰和1350cm-1峰。文中对这两个特征喇曼谱峰的归属进行了说明,讨论了不同类型沉积有机质特征喇曼谱峰的差异和不同变质演化阶段有机质产生的喇曼光谱系统性变化规律,指出激光喇曼光谱显微探针技术是一种研究沉积有机质特征十分便利、有效的方法。 相似文献
18.
In this study, the Al13-oxalate gel synthesized from Al13 solution was characterized by XRD, FTIR and MAS 27Al NMR. The results are: 1) the gel shows obvious XRD diffraction peaks, which is different from common Al gels and their
oxalate precipitations; 2) the peak of Al-O stretch vibration of Al13-oxalate complexes at 810 cm−1 indicates that the gel was formed directly by the complexes, and the characteristic peaks of IR and solid-state NMR respectively
occur at 725 cm−1 and ∼6.1×10−5 chemical shift, which are respectively assigned to (Al-O)Td vibration and (Al-O)4 tetrahedron, suggesting that the gel has a unique Keggin structure; 3) Al13 polyoxocation can directly form gel with oxalate, even in a high-pH environment (=7.8). This finding provides new evidence
for the universality of Al13 in natural environments. Through chemical analysis, the chemical formula of the gel was determined to be AlO4Al12(OH)24(H2O)12(C2O4)7/2. 相似文献
19.
水的拉曼图谱实际就是带氢键作用的OH伸缩振动峰(包括对称伸缩振动峰和反对称伸缩振动峰)和不带氢键作用的OH对称伸缩振动峰(包括对称伸缩振动峰和反对称伸缩振动峰)的叠加包络线,通过对流体中水的拉曼图谱的分析可以反映流体中氢键作用的强弱.因此,用Renishaw MK1-1000型显微激光拉曼探针原位分析了冷冻条件下天然的流体包裹体腔内流体水分子的氢键作用.研究表明,在冷冻条件下,水分子运动以带氢键作用的伸缩振动为主,同时还有微弱的非氢键作用的伸缩振动;随着温度的降低,流体中水分子的氢键作用不断地增强;在-130~-180 ℃区间氢键作用增强的趋势明显加大,暗示流体性质在此温度区间可能发生了突变. 相似文献
20.
从微观尺度研究结构水的分布状态可以为超高压变质岩的形成环境、构造演化动力学过程提供重要的依据.为探讨大别山地区超高压变质岩中"名义上无水矿物"（nominal anhydrous minerals,NAMs）结构水的分布特征、赋存状态与超微结构缺陷的关系,对大别山石马地区榴辉岩中的柯石英进行了傅立叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）分析和第一性原理计算.FTIR研究表明柯石英主要吸收峰为（Ⅰ）3 561~3 580 cm-1、（Ⅱ）3 433~3 462 cm-1和（Ⅲ）3 412~3 425 cm-1;柯石英颗粒结构水含量为15×10-6~52×10-6,平均值是32×10-6.第一性原理理论计算得到了柯石英（4H）Si和（AlH）Si复合缺陷超晶胞模型（2×1×1）的形成能分别是-4.92 eV和-3.10 eV;含氢缺陷模型计算结果得到3 526 cm-1和3 198 cm-1的拉曼峰与柯石英的合成实验结果基本符合.FTIR分析表明石马地区柯石英结构水含量具有不均一性;模拟计算得到（4H）Si复合缺陷模型比（AlH）Si有更低的复合缺陷形成能,有更加稳定的结构,柯石英结构水中（OH）4$ \Leftrightarrow $Si氢结合机制是优先模式,为实验研究提供理论依据. 相似文献