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1.
单核苷酸多态性（SNPs）是继RFLP和SSR多态性标记之后的新一代遗传标记系统.本文采用EPIC的方法,分析了45个杂色鲍样品的血蓝蛋白HtH1基因第16内含子（H1 intron 16）的SNP数据.这45个个体分别来自日本、台湾和汕头3个不同海域的野生或养殖群体.日本群体的血蓝蛋白HtH1基因第16内含子呈现出长度多态性,共有3种不同长度,分别是1 900、780、440 bp,测序结果表明3个等位基因可以互相比对;而台湾和汕头杂色鲍养殖群体的均为1 900 bp.初步研究结果表明日本杂色鲍个体大约96 bp长的片段含有1个自身杂合SNP位点;台湾杂色鲍个体约133 bp含有1个自身杂合SNP位点;汕头杂色鲍个体约153 bp含有1个自身杂合SNP位点.13个台湾杂色鲍个体包含的SNP密度为约31 bp含有1个SNP;23个汕头杂色鲍个体包含的SNP密度为约21 bp含有1个SNP.这些数据表明现有的杂色鲍养殖群体包含了丰富的SNP位点,利用SNP分子标记进行高密度遗传图谱的构建是可行的. 相似文献
2.
针对目前杂色鲍性腺发育提前的现象展开研究,以产卵量为指标分析了杂色鲍可量性状与产卵量之间的相关关系.结果表明,以体长的立方除以体重作为体型系数（F）,它与产卵量（G）之间存在着显著的负相关（p〈0.05）,相关系数为-0.9480.曲线回归方程为：G=-7.5009 ln（F）＋18.22（R2=0.9095）.进一步的分析结果表明,杂色鲍雌性亲本的产卵量和体长亦呈负相关,相关系数为-0.7182.结果提示,性腺发育较早的小个体的杂色鲍母本更多地参与了繁殖活动,而且产出的卵子的绝对重量大于大个体的杂色鲍亲鲍.这可能是造成人工育种中杂色鲍体型减小、性腺发育提前的潜在原因. 相似文献
3.
Effects of effective population size on the F2 growth and survival of bay scallop Argopecten irradians irradians(Lamarck) 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
In 2002, six cohorts ofbroodstock bay scallop Argopecten irradians irradians （Ne=1, 2, 10, 30, 50 and control） were randomly chosen from a population of bay scallop to produce offspring. After one year rearing, with the progeny matured, the similar experiment was done to produce the F2 generation. To determine the magnitude of Ne effects, the growth and survival rates in larvae and adult of six F2 groups were compared. Results showed that inbreeding depression existed not only in the Ne=1 group but also in the Ne=2 group. The growth and survival rates of the two groups were significantly lower than those of the other groups （Ne=10, 30, 50, control）, and there were no significant differences among the latter （P〉0.05）. At the same time, the amount of depression in the Ne=1 group was significantly higher than that of the Ne=2 group （P〈0.05）. These results indicated that the low effective population size （Ne）, which increases the possibility of inbreeding, could lead to some harmful effects on the offspring. So it is essential to maintain a high level of Ne in commercial seed production. Fta＇thermore, as the high fecundity of bay scallop might lead to increased inbreeding, selecting broodstock from different growout sites is recommended. 相似文献
4.
红壳色文蛤选育子代各壳色的形态分化及养殖效果的比较 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
以红壳色为目标性状,于2009年进行了文蛤(Meretrix meretrix)的群体选育研究,建立了红壳色选系子一代(Fl),对子一代壳色种类、分布频率及其数量性状进行了统计、测量和分析,并对各壳色的形态、生长速度做了研究.结果表明,文蛤壳色具有多态性,红色、黄色、白双、黄双、波纹的分布频率分别为75.58%、8.55%、0.53%、14.83%、0.50%.红壳色亲本的子代中出现红色∶花色=3∶1,符合孟德尔遗传模式.聚类分析与欧氏距离矩阵结果表明,文蛤波纹与黄色遗传距离最近,白双与黄双遗传距离相近,与红壳色的遗传距离最远.主成分分析显示白双文蛤与黄双文蛤在空间分布上相对重叠,波纹文蛤与黄色文蛤具有较高的重叠率,而红壳色文蛤相对分散,从而进一步说明5种壳色文蛤的遗传距离关系.经过1a同池养殖,子代壳长多数已达到10～30 mm,红壳色文蛤的日生长率为0.20%,花壳色文蛤的日生长率为0.18%,且红壳色文蛤的相对比较生长速度比花壳色文蛤快10.41%.红壳色文蛤选育子代的壳长与壳宽、壳高、粒重存在一定的回归关系.红壳色文蛤壳长对壳宽、壳高、粒重的回归方程分别为:y1=0.502 4x1-0.556 0(R2=0.992 0)、y3=0.8103x3+0.620 0(R2=0.995 6)、y5=0.000 3x25.9029(R2=0.991 9),花壳色文蛤壳长对壳宽、壳高、粒重的回归方程分别为:y2=0.495 3x2-0.419 2(R2=0.990 9)、y4=0.798 5x4+0.793 5(R2=0.995 6)、y6=0.000 4x26.845 8(R2=0.993 4).研究结果为文蛤的红壳色定向选育奠定了理论基础. 相似文献
5.
广东红海湾表层海水重金属含量的时空变化特征与污染水平评价 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
2007年6月(夏季)和2008年1月(冬季)分别对广东红海湾的汕尾港周边海域35个站位进行了表层海水的采样,在实验室内使用XGY-1011A型原子荧光光度计和HY-1F型多功能极谱仪获得了海水中重金属Hg、Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd的含量,研究了其时空变化特征,并采用综合指数法(WQI)评价其污染程度.结果显示:Hg、Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd的含量范围分别为0.009～0.050、0.9～4.3、0.4～1.4、1.6～19.0、0.1～0.7μg/dm3,平均含量分别为0.025、2.4、0.8、9.4、0.2μg/dm3.该海域表层海水各重金属含量的平面分布总体上呈现以品清湖向汕尾港递减的变化趋势.各站位重金属元素的单项污染指数和综合污染指数(WQI)均小于1,海水受重金属的污染程度较轻微,符合国家二类海水水质标准值的要求.2008年1月(冬季)重金属综合污染指数的平均值(0.17)略大于2007年6月(夏季)的平均值(0.14),海水中重金属污染程度略有加重的趋势.采用多元线性回归方法分析重金属元素含量与环境要素测值的相关程度,相关系数按从大到小的排列顺序大致为:Zn>Cd>Cu>Hg>Pb. 相似文献
6.
The age, growth, and mortality of Gymnocypris firmispinatus were studied by 582 individuals that collected between July 2015 and June 2016 from the tributaries of the Anning River, China. The total length (TL) ranged from 27 mm to 242 mm, total weight (W) ranged from 0.2 g to 148.2 g. The relationship of total length and weight was expressed as W =7.754×10^-6 TL^ 3.304 for the total samples. The age classes of males were 1–9 a, and that of females were 1–13 a. The von Bertalanff y functions based on otolith readings and observed length data were L t ♂=198.6(1–e^-0.094 ( t +3.497)), and L t ♀=289.3(1–e^-0.089 ( t +1.109)). The total mortality ( Z ) of male and female G . firmispinatus was estimated as 0.73/a and 0.40/a, respectively. The natural mortality ( M ) was evaluated as 0.25/a for males and 0.20/a for females, fishing mortality ( F ) was 0.35/a for males and 0.16/a for females. The exploitation ratio of the population was 0.66/a for males and 0.50/a for females. It was concluded that the growth of the fish is relatively slower than other congeneric fishes. The population of G . firmispinatus in the tributaries of the Anning River might be in over-exploitation under the current fishing intensity. 相似文献
7.
用GC／MS法分析比较了紫菜粉、小球藻、酵母、Banta液（牛粪1．5g＋干稻草2g＋沃土20g＋水1000cm3）4种食物条件下蚤状潘的脂肪酸组成．结果表明：4种食物培养下,蚤状潘的总脂含量依次为39．80、60．10、44．60、52．30mg／g．一共检测出脂肪酸14种,其中8种饱和脂肪酸（SFA）,2种单不饱和脂肪酸（MUFA）,4种多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）．紫菜粉培养组与小球藻组PUFA含量显著高于酵母组和Banta液组（P〈0．05）,占总脂肪酸的1／3以上,酵母组MUFA质量分数最高（P〈0．05）,达55．73％,Banta液组以SFA质量分数最高（P〈0．05）,为52．45％．其中紫菜粉组的PUFA中缺乏C18：3,但C20：5（EPA）和C20：4（AA）质量分数高达22．67％和9．02％是小球藻组的1．6倍和4．5倍（P〈0．05）,而且EPA和AA的实际含量也显著高于小球藻组（P〈0．05）,达到9．02mg／g和3．59mg／g;比较得出,紫菜粉培养组的20碳以上必需不饱和脂肪酸含量丰富,明显高于其他3组．本实验证实蚤状潘的脂肪酸组成与食物脂肪酸成正相关．分析认为,用紫菜粉培养枝角类用于海水育苗会取得更佳的营养效果． 相似文献
8.
台湾海峡中北部海域刺鲳种群生态学参数及其变动趋势 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以2001～2002年周年逐月采集台湾海峡中北部单拖渔船渔获的刺鲳样品578尾,进行群体结构和生长与死亡关系的研究,与1982～1984年渔获群体结构进行了比较,并结合1995～2008年渔业投入量和产出量的变化,探讨其种群变化趋势及管理策略.结果表明：2001～2002年刺鲳群体的L∞值为238.17 mm,W∞值为506.31 g,k值为0.338 3,t0值为-0.953 4a,tr值为2.146 2a.总死亡系数为2.364 1,自然死亡系数为0.841 5,捕捞死亡系数为1.523 0.与1982～1984年相比,渔获群体发生了个体小型化、结构低龄化、性成熟提早等生态学变化.这些变化与该渔场自1993年以来不断加大捕捞的投入和渔获量的产出且大量捕杀幼鱼,开发比率高达0.644 1,处于过度开发有关.因此必须强化对渔业资源的管理,同时实施最小可捕叉长为126.19 mm和最小可捕体重为58.81 g的管理制度,使该海域渔业资源得以恢复,实现渔业的可持续发展. 相似文献
9.
在拟穴青蟹(Scylla paramamosain)育种实践中,建立了一种选择个体大小的策略,应用ISSR和RAPD标记技术并以拟穴青蟹雄性个体组建供试群体检验所建立的选择策略的有效性.ISSR与RAPD标记方法的分析数据都表明,大、中、小个体组的几个对应遗传参数值高低依次按中个体组、大个体组、小个体组排列.其基因多样性的Nei’s分析表明,ISSR分析所得到的总遗传多样性(Ht=0.322 3)、平均遗传多样性(Hs=0.270 1)、遗传分化系数(Gst=0.162 2),均高于RAPD分析得出的对应遗传参数值(Ht=0.274 6,Hs=0.233 6,Gst=0.149 3).基于ISSR数据的遗传分化系数表明大、中、小个体组组间遗传分化程度达到较高水平,而基于RAPD数据的遗传分化系数表明大、中、小个体组组间遗传分化程度达到中等水平.上述结果表明应用ISSR标记技术比应用RAPD标记技术能揭示出更加丰富的遗传变异信息.基于ISSR和RAPD分析数据的组间遗传分化系数表明,大个体组与小个体组间的遗传分化系数最高(Gst值分别为0.165 8、0.139 9),与中个体组间的次之(Gst值分别为0.156 6、0.127 2),中个体组与小个体组间的遗传分化系数最低(Gst值分别为0.050 5、0.082 4).基于Nei’s遗传距离的UPGMA聚类分析结果表明,ISSR和RAPD分析数据均支持大个体组优先分离.基于Dice’s系数的个体聚类分析结果也揭示了大个体组个体优先分离并呈现出单独聚类趋势.这表明ISSR与RAPD分析数据均支持了拟穴青蟹个体大小选择策略的有效性.此外,研究结果也表明:拟穴青蟹供试群体遗传多样性高低分布趋势与群体内的不同个体类型的数量分布趋势基本一致,呈正态分布趋势;大个体组的遗传多样性高于小个体组,或小个体组的遗传多样性高于大个体组并不影响大个体组作为育种材料的潜力. 相似文献
10.
ZHOU He ZHUANG Zixin ZHANG Rui XU Qizheng LIANG Yuting JIANG Zhiqiang LI Xia MA Tianyu LI Yajuan 《海洋湖沼学报（英文）》2019,(3):1125-1135
This study used tiger puffer Takifugu rubripes to explore new,simple methods for lowtemperature-induced masculinization in a cultured fish without the use of ultraviolet irradiation or sex hormones.An orthogonal test L9(3^4)design was used to consider three factors at three levels:treatment starting times(days post-hatch,dph:factor A)of 20,50 and 80 dph;treatment temperatures(factor B)of 13℃,15℃and 17℃;and treatment durations(factor C)of 30,45 and 60 days.A control group was reared at 21±1℃.The experiments were repeated twice.At 230 dph,the gonads were removed from thirty randomly sampled fish in each group.Histological observations and analysis of single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNP)were used to identified pseudo males,which biological sex was male and genetic sex were female(XX).Treatment group 4(A2B1C2)resulted in the highest proportion of males(75%).According to the intuitive analysis of the orthogonal-array experiments,the optimal combination of lowtemperature-induced masculinization of T.rubripes was A2B1C2.The population sex ratio depended on the three factors in the sequence B→A→C.A comparison of the daily increases in length and weight during and after the low-temperature conditions showed that the absolute daily increases in weight and length were significantly less during treatment than after treatment.Daily increases in weight and length did not significantly differ between the treatment groups and the controls(P>0.05),demonstrating that the growth rate could return to normal after the low-temperature conditions.This study establishes a low-temperatureinduced masculinization technology for T.rubripes and demonstrates that although the growth rate(length and weight)decreased in an array of nine treatment groups during the processing time,it returned to a normal level after processing.The results should serve as a guide for achieving the masculinization of T.rubripes in production. 相似文献
11.
牙鲆野生群体与养殖群体的遗传多样性分析 总被引：33，自引：2，他引：33
利用AFLP技术对荣成野生群体和养殖群体牙鲆进行遗传多样性分析和比较。实验采用 7对引物组合在 2个群体中共扩增出 797个位点 ,其中多态位点数为 43 3个 ,占总位点数的 5 4.2 7%。各引物组合在 2个群体中的扩增位点数目和多态位点比例有较大不同 ,但养殖群体的总扩增位点数和多态位点比例均低于野生群体 ,野生群体和养殖群体的平均多态位点率分别为 46.18%和 40 .0 7% ,其中 ,E3 8M 5 0引物组合在两群体中扩增的多态位点比例差异显著 (P <0 .0 5 )。养殖群体中低频位点明显减少而隐性纯合基因位点显著增加。群体遗传结构分析表明 ,两群体间的遗传距离比较小 ,群体遗传结构相似 ,说明养殖群体尚没有形成自己独立的遗传结构。 相似文献
12.
Stocking density is widely recognized as a critical factor in aquaculture and a potential source of long-term stress.The influence of stocking density on growth and stress response of juvenile turbot(Scophthalmus maximus, ~3–75g, initial to final weight) was examined in fish held under low(LD, ~0.21–5.31 kg/m~2, initial to final density),medium(MD, ~0.42–10.81 kg/m~2) and high stocking density(HD, ~0.63–14.27 kg/m~2) for 120 days in a recirculating aquaculture system(RAS). In this trial, the growth curve for weight of juvenile turbot in RAS, all fitted by the Schnute model. No significant difference was found in growth performance among the three densities until at the final sampling(Day 120). The final weight and body weight increase(BWI) in the HD group were significantly lower than in other groups(P0.05, weight:(75.83±2.49) g,(75.39±2.08) g,(65.72±2.86) g and BWI:(2 436.12±28.10)%,(2 421.29±4.64)%,(2 097.88±20.99)% in LD, MD and HD groups, respectively). Similarly, the specific growth rate(SGR), feed conversion ratio(FCR) and coefficient of variation for weight(CV_w) were adversely affected by high stocking density(P0.05). However, there was no difference in survival and Fulton's condition factor(K) of turbot among the different groups. Physiological analyses demonstrated a clear increase in the plasma cortisol level and an obvious decrease in growth hormone(GH) concentration in the HD group on Day120(P0.05). There was no significant effect of stocking density on plasma glucose, Cl– and protein levels. All these findings would provide a reference for selecting the optimal stocking density of juvenile turbot in RAS. 相似文献
13.
利用1998和1999年引进的海湾扇贝(Argopecten irradians irradians)原种F1进行了连续2 a的原种保持实验,包括实验性及生产性两种规模,并用所得原种F3与对照群体进行比较,以探讨在国内进行原种保持的技术措施。2000年,实验性原种制备共培育出M贝(来源于Massachusetts州)原种F2330 kg,V贝(来源于Virginia州)原种F2320 kg,生产性原种制备共培育出原种F255 000 kg。2001年,实验性原种制备共培育出M贝原种F3和V贝原种F3均为280 kg,生产性原种制备共培育出原种F315 000 kg,原种F3的肉柱得率(15.42%)明显高于对照组(13.16%),依然保持了引进群体肉柱得率高的特性,因此在国内进行原种保持是可行的。 相似文献
14.
采用双列杂交方法对华贵栉孔扇贝三种壳色(桔黄色、枣褐色、紫褐色)的遗传规律进行了研究。结果显示,桔黄色♂×枣褐色♀和桔黄色♂×紫褐色♀的子代均全部表现为桔黄色,桔黄色♀×枣褐色♂和桔黄色♀×紫褐色♂的子代壳色比例分别为桔黄色:枣褐色=1:1和桔黄色:紫褐色=3:1,表明桔黄色对枣褐色和紫褐色均为显性,且不存在母性遗传;在桔黄色♂×桔黄色♀的两个家系中,一个家系的子代全部表现为桔黄色,另一个家系的子代中桔黄色:枣褐色约为3:1,表明第1家系有一个亲本为显性纯合,第2家系2个亲本均为杂合;在枣褐色♂×枣褐色♀和紫褐色♂×紫褐色♀两个家系中,其子代分别全部表现为其亲本的颜色,表明枣褐色和紫褐色个体均为隐性纯合体。实验所设各家系子代壳色均表现出了与亲本相同的颜色,表明华贵栉孔扇贝的壳色属质量性状,能够稳定遗传,并非由环境决定,对华贵栉孔扇贝壳色的选育有效。 相似文献
15.
于2003年3月在厦门湾一个时间系列研究站(24°25.88’N,118°04.72’E)采集了高潮时不同深度的海水,用聚碳酸酯膜分离不同粒级悬浮颗粒物(SPM),用α能谱法测定各粒级悬浮颗粒物的铀同位素,研究了海水中238U和234U的体积比活度(AV)、质量比活度(Am)、活度比值[AR(234U/238U)]及238U、234U条件分配系数的粒级与深度分布特征.研究结果揭示了以下海洋学信息:(1)各粒级悬浮颗粒物中238U、234U的体积比活度和质量比活度的深度分布均表明,这两核素的深度分布趋势一致,反映出它们地球化学行为的一致性.(2)在所研究的不同水深处,在0.2～0.4、0.4～2.0、2.0～10.0、>10.0μm等4个粒级的SPM中,238U体积比活度AV(238U)的变化范围分别为0.04±0.00～0.15±0.01、0.04±0.00～0.13±0.01、0.29±0.02～0.43±0.02、1.06±0.06～4.11±0.24 Bq/m3;AV(234U)的相应值分别为0.08±0.00～0.08±0.00、0.05±0.00～0.13±0.01、0.27±0.01～0.37±0.02、0.84±0.05～3.95±0.24 Bq/m3.(3)在所研究的4个水深处的0.2～0.4、0.4～2.0、2.0～10.0、>10.0μm等4个粒级的SPM中,238U质量比活度Am(238U)的变化范围分别为0.100±0.000～0.319±0.021、0.022±0.000～0.167±0.013、0.049±0.003～0.113±0.005、0.024±0.002～0.081±0.005 Bq/g,而Am(234U)的相应值分别为0.114±0.014～0.364±0.045、0.027±0.005～0.168±0.013、0.052±0.003～0.098±0.008、0.029±0.002～0.064±0.005 Bq/g.(4)与238U、234U体积比活度的粒级变化顺序[也就是AV(>10.0μm)AV(2.0～10.0μm)>AV(0.4～2.0μm)=AV(0.2～0.4μm)]相反,这两核素质量比活度的粒级变化顺序为Am(0.2～0.4μm)≥Am(0.4～2.0μm)>Am(2.0～10.0μm)>Am(>10.0μm)≈Am(>0.2μm).(5)溶解态铀控制着总铀的地球化学行为,而颗粒态铀的地球化学行为则受控于大粒级颗粒物.(6)表层各粒级颗粒态AR(234U/238U)值均<1.0,而溶解态铀和总铀的AR(234U/238U)值均介于1.10～1.17之间.(7)不同粒级238U的条件分配系数(Kd)介于802～11 406 dm3/kg之间,Kd值随粒径减小而增大,意味着铀更有效地与小颗粒物相结合. 相似文献
16.
试验水槽中多种人工鱼礁模型组合对紫红笛鲷幼鱼的诱集效果 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
摸清多种人工鱼礁模型组合对紫红笛鲷幼鱼的诱集效果,可为人工鱼礁礁体组合设计和礁区布局设计等方面提供科学依据.本研究参照深圳杨梅坑人工鱼礁区的实际建礁情况,制作并模拟4组三种模型礁体组合、4组四种模型礁体组合,在方形试验水槽中以鱼类行为学的方法研究了这8组模型礁体组合对紫红笛鲷的诱集效果.4组三礁组合礁体模型试验结果表明,FHJ三礁组合对紫红笛鲷的集鱼效果非常明显,BFH、BCG、CHJ三礁组合对紫红笛鲷的集鱼效果较为明显.其诱集效果排序为:FHJ组合礁(53.84%)>BFH组合礁(44.85%)>BCG组合礁(38.11%)>CHJ组合礁(36.01%).4组四礁组合礁体的试验结果表明,4组四礁组合礁体模型对紫红笛鲷均具有较强的诱集效果,其诱集效果排序为:BGHJ组合礁(52.27%)>CFHJ组合礁(51.26%)>BCGJ组合礁(50.01%)>BCGH组合礁(45.05%).总体上,四礁组合的诱集效果优于三礁组合,人工鱼礁建设的礁群配置以多礁组合为佳. 相似文献
17.
对生长在漳江口红树林湿地国家级自然保护区不同盐度环境中（FZ1：7.95-10.00;FZ2：11.10-15.25;FZ3：15.60-20.08;FZ4：20.58-23.54）优势红树植物桐花树的光合色素含量和叶绿素荧光特征进行了研究,结果表明盐度最低的样地FZ1比其他样地具有更高的叶绿素a、叶绿素b和胡萝卜素含量（p〈0.05）.Fv/Fm、Fv/F0和PIABS表现出同样的规律：FZ1、FZ2较高,尤其FZ1最高,与FZ3、FZ4有极显著水平差异（p〈0.01）.叶绿素荧光诱导动力学曲线（O-J-I-P）起始部分变化不大,其余部分均是FZ3比其他3个样地低.比活性参数ABS/CS、TRo/CS各样地间无显著差异;ETo/RC、RC/CSo是FZ3比其他样地下降,尤其是与FZ1、FZ2有极显著差异.DIo/CS则是FZ3比其他样地高,尤其是与FZ1、FZ2有极显著差异.这些结果表明,在保护区内盐度7.95‰-15.25‰环境中的桐花树叶片光合色素含量较高,光合器官对光能的吸收、转化和利用效率更高. 相似文献
18.
应用rDNA-ITS和线粒体cox1片段扩增序列,分析了厦门杏林湾的2株绿色未知江蓠（Gracilaria sp.;四分孢子体GR-1和雌配子体GR-2）及2株紫褐色真江蓠（G.vermiculophylla;四分孢子体PU-1和雌配子体PU-2）.运用MEGA5.0估算了4个供试样本与GenBank中相似度最高序列的遗传距离并构建了系统发育树.ITS序列分析显示绿色未知江蓠GR-1、GR-2都与真江蓠聚集在一起,推断两者与真江蓠的亲缘关系非常近.cox1片段序列分析表明,绿色未知江蓠GR-1、GR-2和紫褐色真江蓠PU-1、PU-2都与索引的真江蓠聚集在相同类群.其中GR-1、GR-2与真江蓠JQ619142、JQ619143的相似度都为100%,它们之间的遗传距离范围在0.000～0.002,低于种群内部的遗传距离范围0.000～0.015,从分子水平上确定了绿色未知江蓠是真江蓠.联合ITS和cox1片段序列的分子标记适用于真江蓠的种质鉴定. 相似文献
19.
Algae(and their extracts)are increasingly important for pharmaceutical applications due to the diversity of useful compounds they contain.The genus Fucus contains one of the most studied species,Fucus vesiculosus.The species F.ceranoides differs from the others of the genus by presenting longitudinal air-vesicles and a capacity to survive at low salinities.It is an alga that inhabits the Mondego River estuary(Portugal),at the southern limit of its distribution,and can serve as a role model to understand the effect of a salt gradient on the production of bioactive compounds.We assessed the phenolic content and antioxidant activity of different F.ceranoides extracts(e.g.methanolic,aqueous and polysaccharide)prepared from samples harvested from two different zones to evaluate if the adaptation of F.ceranoides to different salinity levels influenced its chemical composition.The antioxidant activity of the extracts was determined using 1,2-diphenyl-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH)and 2.2-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)(ABTS)radicals.These assays demonstrated that the methanolic extract of lyophilized F.ceranoides that grew at low salinities was the most bioactive,i.e.DPPH(IC 50=50.39μg/mL)and ABTS(TEAC=2.42).The total phenolic content(Folin-Ciocalteu method)and the methanolic extract of the lyophilized F.ceranoides collected from a low salinity habitat exhibited the highest phenolic content(PGE=49.48μg/mg of lyophilized extract)amongst those sampled.Thin layer chromatography(TLC)and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR)were used for the identification of compounds in the extracts.This characterization allowed confirmation that the various extracts contained almost the same compounds but with notable quantitative differences.Based on these results,we conclude that there were differences in the quantity of the compounds due to the effect of salinity.The drying methods used were also found to have influenced the quality of the extracted compounds. 相似文献
20.
福建外来船舶压舱水中浮游植物种类组成与丰度及其影响因素的初步研究 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
2006～2008年间对进入福建沿海4个主要港口的12艘国际航船所携带的压舱水进行浮游植物种类组成和丰度分布的调查.此调查共检测出浮游植物7个门86属239种（含变种和变型）,77μm孔径网滤样和20μm孔径网滤样的平均藻类丰度分别为1.2×10^2cells/dm^3（变动在0～9.1×10^2cells/dm^3间）和3.4×10^3cells/dm^3（变动在0～3.0×10^4cells/dm^3间）.同时对其中6艘船舶的压舱水样品用f/2培养基培养,共有13种硅藻和1种甲藻被成功培养.文中还分析了压舱水中浮游植物丰度与盐度、水龄的关系,并结合历史资料讨论了压舱水里各类浮游植物的分布. 相似文献