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1.
汶川地震震后GNSS形变分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采用国际通用高精度数据处理软件对1999—2015年汶川地震震后龙门山断裂两侧分布的109个GNSS连续站和区域站资料进行数据处理与分析,得到各测站点水平向坐标时间序列。考虑2013年芦山地震同震位移影响,通过时间序列分析,获取震后该区域109个测站在2010—2015年间累计震后形变场,断裂带上盘靠近震中的近场区域,水平向最大震后位移达到5~7 cm。基于震后黏弹性松弛模型,通过格网搜索,根据3种不同破裂模型分别反演龙门山断裂上盘中上地壳最佳弹性层厚度估值与下地壳/上地幔黏弹性层最佳黏滞系数,获取3种不同破裂模型在2010—2015年间震后形变观测值与模拟值分布。根据模型二反演得到的模型参数,推估汶川地震在未来几十年内对周边区域地壳形变影响,其中仅2018—2058年40年尺度累计震后位移最大能达到19 cm。 相似文献
2.
地震发生时,附近GPS观测站会捕捉到同震和震后形变,同震和震后形变对地学研究和维持动态参考框架具有重要作用,识别和估计同震和震后形变也是GPS时间序列处理的重要内容。提出综合检校法识别和估计GPS时间序列中的同震和震后形变,首先利用该方法对GPS站建模,综合考虑多源的同震阶跃及兼容性和均方根RMS减小率来判断测站是否受到地震影响,然后用试错法搜索最优衰减常数τ后,利用最小二乘估计包含同震和震后形变的所有参数,最后以真实震例验证了该方法的有效性。 相似文献
3.
获取准确的GNSS测站速度对于研究全球板块运动、地壳形变、地震活动及其地球动力学过程至关重要。为此,以GNSS基线解算后的基线向量作为观测值,重建了最小二乘综合速度解算模型和卡尔曼滤波速度估计模型。模型中,考虑了测站坐标、运动速度、年、半年周期项一同作为参数,在基线解网平差的同时,一并求解获取速度估值。同时,利用坐标时序分析的方法,顾及白噪声和幂律噪声的影响,对单日解坐标时间序列重建了时序速度拟合估计模型,以获取长期趋势项作为速度值。基于3种模型,对川滇地区中国地壳运动观测网络2010—2014年21个GPS基准站的观测数据进行了速度估计与对比分析。结果表明:3种模型所估计测站速度非常接近,差异基本处于0~1mm/a范围之内;速度估值中误差均在亚毫米水平。由此得出,3种速度估计模型具有本质的一致性,均可正确估计测站运动速度,能够满足高精度地壳形变研究的需要。 相似文献
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应用网络工程GPS基准站每周的数据，按非基准方法求得区域解和全球解，分析研究了基准站坐标位置及速度场的变化规律，并给出了站坐标和速度场精度的统计分析结果。结果显示，坐标分量的变化趋势为线性，坐标残差的变化为随机曲线，可靠地剔除野点后，速度场信息及其精度可靠且优于点位坐标精度。 相似文献
6.
Strategies to mitigate aliasing of loading signals while estimating GPS frame parameters 总被引：7，自引：5，他引：2
Although GNSS techniques are theoretically sensitive to the Earth center of mass, it is often preferable to remove intrinsic
origin and scale information from the estimated station positions since they are known to be affected by systematic errors.
This is usually done by estimating the parameters of a linearized similarity transformation which relates the quasi-instantaneous
frames to a long-term frame such as the International Terrestrial Reference Frame (ITRF). It is well known that non-linear
station motions can partially alias into these parameters. We discuss in this paper some procedures that may allow reducing
these aliasing effects in the case of the GPS techniques. The options include the use of well-distributed sub-networks for
the frame transformation estimation, the use of site loading corrections, a modification of the stochastic model by downweighting
heights, or the joint estimation of the low degrees of the deformation field. We confirm that the standard approach consisting
of estimating the transformation over the whole network is particularly harmful for the loading signals if the network is
not well distributed. Downweighting the height component, using a uniform sub-network, or estimating the deformation field
perform similarly in drastically reducing the amplitude of the aliasing effect. The application of these methods to reprocessed
GPS terrestrial frames permits an assessment of the level of agreement between GPS and our loading model, which is found to
be about 1.5 mm WRMS in height and 0.8 mm WRMS in the horizontal at the annual frequency. Aliased loading signals are not
the main source of discrepancies between loading displacement models and GPS position time series. 相似文献
7.
中国大陆GPS基准站的时间序列特征 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用1999年3月至2002年3月期间“中国地壳运动观测网络”25个GPS基准站与周边国家IGS站的观测资料，进行了时间序列分析研究，并对提高GPS基准站的观测精度进行了探讨。结果表明，GPS基准站的时间序列具有一定的周期性，高程分量的周期性最为明显，GPS点位高程时间序列拟舍曲线的波峰和波谷出现的时间表现为区域性的不同。 相似文献
8.
随着精密定位技术的发展,高频GPS已能够精确记录地表位移数据,研究高频GPS能为地震预警工作做出一定补充.针对目前地震预警中单站预警误报率高的问题引入深度学习技术,利用长短期记忆网络(LSTM)联合周边区域台站对单台站进行预警以达到减少误报的目的.首先通过对新西兰南部地区1 Hz高频GPS数据进行解算得到多个台站无震时间序列,再利用该数据训练网络得到融合区域特征的高精度模型.该模型可以对无震时间序列进行预测并动态制定阈值区间,当实际观测值超出置信区间则判定异常.通过与传统短时窗平均/长时窗平均算法(STA/LTA)及未融合区域特征的单站模型进行对比,结果表明:融合区域特征的单站模型可有效减少误报,在多个台站的无震长序列上较传统方法表现优异,具有一定的应用价值. 相似文献
9.
以30个GPS基准站坐标序列为对象,提出分别采用赤池信息量准则(AIC)与贝叶斯信息准则(BIC)噪声模型估计准则判定GPS时间序列噪声特性,对比分析GPS时间序列噪声模型特性,探讨不同噪声模型对GPS站速度及其不确定度的影响.结果表明GPS站坐标序列噪声模型主要表现为FN+WN、PL及FN+RW+WN噪声模型特性;FN+WN噪声模型对GPS站速度估计值的影响相对较小,但在U分量影响最为明显;此外,RW对站速度不确定度的影响不可忽略,正确获取模型参数估计的实际不确定度及改正噪声分量对于合理应用GPS坐标时间序列数据具有重要的意义. 相似文献
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11.
The analysis of Global Positioning System (GPS) coordinates time series is a valuable tool in quantifying crustal deformations. The longer continuous GPS time series allow estimation of nonlinear signatures. As a matter of fact, besides the linear and periodic behaviors, other relevant signals are present in such time series as the so-called transient deformations. They can be related to, e.g., slow slip events, which play a crucial role in studying fault mechanisms. To give reliable estimates of these signals, an appropriate and rigorous approach for defining the deterministic and the stochastic models of the data is needed. We prove that the theory of the second order stationary random process (SOSRP) can be used to describe the stochastic behavior of the daily GPS time series. In particular, the second order stationarity condition has to be verified for the daily GPS coordinate time series to be described as a SOSRP. This method has been already used for modeling the gravity field of the earth and in predicting/filtering problems, and this work shows that it can also be useful for characterizing the colored noise in the GPS time series. 相似文献
12.
以12个GPS站12年的坐标序列为研究对象.采用Kashyap信息准则（KIC）噪声模型估计准则对四种组合噪声特性进行估计,探讨慢滑移（ETS）现象对GPS站坐标时间序列的影响,结果表明:ETS引起了GPS站坐标序列模型的变化,E、N方向分量噪声模型占比与U分量模型占比差异较大,可能造成噪声模型的错误估计;ETS后的站速度及其不确定度相比ETS前站速度及其不确定度均有增加,且在U分量表现明显;特殊地理位置的测站可进行标记研究,尽量减少地震运动带来的不利影响,为地壳运动研究提供有价值的参考资料． 相似文献
13.
利用国家重大科学工程中国地壳运动观测网络的两期GPS观测值得到川滇区域内测站的速度。以这些速度为约束，基于数值流形模型拟合了川滇地区的速度场。它很好地结合了块体内部的连续变形和块体间的非连续变形。较非连续变形分析模型，地质构造速度模型和配置拟合模型等更真实模拟了地壳运动速度场，为相关地学研究提供了很好的基础。 相似文献
14.
受特殊海岸线及复杂海底地形的影响,目前发布的全球海潮模型在局部沿海地区差异较大,需利用其他大地测量手段直接测定沿海地区的海潮负荷位移参数。GPS技术因具有全天候、精度高、成本低等优势,已成为获取海潮负荷位移参数的有效手段。本文基于GPS技术监测测站三维位移变化的灵敏度高于监测48个海潮参数的灵敏度这一基本思想,改进了利用GPS精密单点定位(PPP)技术估计48个海潮调和参数的方法,直接逐历元求解三维海潮负荷位移变化,再利用调和分析方法提取主要潮波(M2、S2、N2、K2、K1、O1、P1、Q1)的海潮负荷位移建模参数(振幅与相位)。利用12个香港连续运行参考站(CORS)8年的GPS观测数据,计算各测站的海潮负荷位移建模参数。与传统方法比较,本文方法可有效加速K1潮波在东西方向的收敛。将GPS海潮负荷位移建模参数估值与中国近海海潮模型值比较,发现除S2、K2和K1潮波的均方根误差较大外,其他潮波的均方根误差均小于1.5mm。将香港2008—2014年验潮站数据反演的潮波参数与海潮模型值比较,结果表明:GPS与验潮站数据反演的潮波参数均与中国近海海潮模型及HAMTIDE2011.11A全球海潮模型符合较好,验证了GPS PPP反演海潮负荷位移的有效性。采用GPS PPP估计的8个潮波的振幅与相位值替换全球海潮模型中对应的潮波值,进行海潮负荷效应改正,可减弱GPS长时间序列中的半周年信号。 相似文献
15.
We compare precipitable water vapor (PWV) time series measured by water vapor radiometers (WVRs) to PWV time series estimated
using global positioning system (GPS) observations in a regional network of stations in western Europe. Inside this network,
we focus on the baseline Brussels – Wettzell which presents the advantage to have the collocation of a GPS receiver and a
WVR at both endpoints. The comparison between our GPS and WVR estimations of precipitable water vapor shows an agreement at
the millimeter level. In addition, we show that the zenith total delay (ZTD) estimations computed with our GPS processing
strategy agrees with the GPS estimations of ZTD done by the CODE analysis center at the millimeter level.
Electronic Publication 相似文献
16.
Secular changes in Earth’s shape and surface mass loading derived from combinations of reprocessed global GPS networks 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
The changing distribution of surface mass (oceans, atmospheric pressure, continental water storage, groundwater, lakes, snow and ice) causes detectable changes in the shape of the solid Earth, on time scales ranging from hours to millennia. Transient changes in the Earth’s shape can, regardless of cause, be readily separated from steady secular variation in surface mass loading, but other secular changes due to plate tectonics and glacial isostatic adjustment (GIA) cannot. We estimate secular station velocities from almost 11 years of high quality combined GPS position solutions (GPS weeks 1,000–1,570) submitted as part of the first international global navigation satellite system service reprocessing campaign. Individual station velocities are estimated as a linear fit, paying careful attention to outliers and offsets. We remove a suite of a priori GIA models, each with an associated set of plate tectonic Euler vectors estimated by us; the latter are shown to be insensitive to the a priori GIA model. From the coordinate time series residuals after removing the GIA models and corresponding plate tectonic velocities, we use mass-conserving continental basis functions to estimate surface mass loading including the secular term. The different GIA models lead to significant differences in the estimates of loading in selected regions. Although our loading estimates are broadly comparable with independent estimates from other satellite missions, their range highlights the need for better, more robust GIA models that incorporate 3D Earth structure and accurately represent 3D surface displacements. 相似文献
17.
JIAO Wenhai GUO Hairong FU Yang WEI Ziqing 《地球空间信息科学学报》2005,8(3):220-224
The absolute rate of mean sea level of Xiamen area is derived from the data of Xiamen tide gauge station and Xiamen GPS fiducial station of crustal movement observation network of China（CMONC）. The height variation is discussed deeply in this paper, h is shown that height has periodic variations. So the rate of vertical land movement can not be precisely obtained only from several GPS campaigns. It is pointed out that the vertical crustal movement of tide gauge station should be monitored by using long-term continuous GPS observations. 相似文献
18.
The absolute rate of mean sea level of Xiamen area is derived from the data of Xiamen tide gauge station and Xiamen GPS fiducial station of crustal movement observation network of China (CMONC). The height variation is discussed deeply in this paper. It is shown that height has periodic variations. So the rate of vertical land movement can not be precisely obtained only from several GPS campaigns. It is pointed out that the vertical crustal movement of tide gauge station should be monitored by using long-term continuous GPS observations. 相似文献
19.
GPS精密定位中的海潮位移改正 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
根据海洋负荷潮理论，利用NAO99b全球海潮模型，计算了中国部分IGS站的海潮位移改正，并将海潮位移改正应用到GPS数据处理当中。在GAMIT软件的解算过程中，分别按加入和不加入海潮位移改正，对GPS基线分量和测站坐标分别进行了计算和比较分析。结果表明，海潮位移改正无论是对GPS基线分量还是对测站坐标，都有一定的影响。 相似文献
20.
针对强震仪与GPS各自的优点与缺陷,以2016年意大利Mw 6.0级地震为例,探讨了利用Kalman滤波融合GPS与强震仪数据实时监测中等强度地震引起的瞬时地壳形变的可行性与优势。Kalman滤波获取的位移波形以GPS数据作为整体趋势,细节部分用强震仪数据进行描述,融合后的位移波形精度较高,能够准确和细致地描述地震引起的地表动态形变;与此同时,Kalman滤波位移波形也能够准确地探测中等强度地震引起的同震永久阶跃;Kalman滤波位移波形的功率谱在低频部分与GPS位移波形的功率谱密度相似,在高频部分与强震仪位移波形的功率谱密度相似,表明Kalman滤波结合了GPS与强震仪各自的优点;交叉小波分析表明,Kalman滤波获取的位移波形与GPS、强震仪数据呈现较强的正相关性,小波相似值均在0.8以上。以上结果表明,融合GPS与强震仪数据可以结合二者各自的优点,弥补各自的缺陷;融合GPS与强震仪数据可以有效探测中等强度地震引起的瞬时地壳形变。 相似文献