共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 984 毫秒
1.
研究了淮北平原砂姜黑土地区生姜氮钾配施的增产效应和对土壤养分的影响。结果表明：氮钾配施可以大幅度提高生姜的产量，施钾的增产幅度，柴姜为15．3％～58．4％，平均增产率为35．8％；狮子头姜产量提高18．2％～46．9％，平均增产28．7％。增施氮钾肥可有效提高土壤有机质、全N、有效P、速效K、缓效K、有效Ca和有效Mg含量，降低NO3-盐含量，促使土壤pH趋于中性，对全P和碱解N含量影响较小。土壤N素和P素大量盈余，不施钾时土壤K亏损严重，施钾处理土壤钾基本上处于盈余状态．有利于维持和提高土壤肥力。 相似文献
2.
通过对雷州半岛蔗区甘蔗营养状况的普查 ,利用数理统计方法 ,分析了养分间、养分与经济性状间的相关关系。结果表明 :增N、提高土壤pH值可显著提高茎长 ,茎长的提高可促进单茎重、工业蔗产量、含糖量极显著提高。增K、Mg可显著提高有效茎 ,有效茎的提高可促进工业蔗产量显著提高 ,却导致锤度显著下降。偏施Mg会导致锤度极显著下降。因而采取的措施为增N、K ,合理配施镁含量低的石灰和P肥 ,以促进茎长、单茎重、有效茎的提高 ,从而提高产量 ;控施Mg肥 ,达到提高糖分含量的目的 相似文献
3.
凌大炯 《广东海洋大学学报》1998,(3)
为探讨青优湛2植株营养规律及其与产量的构成关系,对不同氮肥施用量（配合施磷钾肥）的植株营养进行了研究。结果表明：施用氮素能使青优湛2极显著地增产;不同施氮量的植株氮、磷、钾以及不同生育期的植株氮、磷钾含量均达极显著差异;植株氮出现高峰值的时期随施氮数量而异;氮磷钾配合施用的植株磷含量呈向上的波浪形规律、植株钾含量呈倒“N”形规律;分化三期植株氮、始穗期的植株磷和植株钾是影响产量的最重要因子。根据研究结果,建议在“高氮、低磷、控钾”的前提下,氮、磷、钾分别采用不同的施肥原则。 相似文献
4.
通过对雷州半岛蔗区甘蔗营养状况的普查，利用数理统计方法，分析了养分间、养分与经济性状间的相关关系。结果表明：增N、提高土壤pH值可显著提高茎长，茎长的提高可促进单茎重、工业蔗产量、含糖量极显著提高。增K、Mg可显著提高有效茎，有效茎的提高可促进工业蔗产量显著提高，却导致锤度显著下降。偏施Mg会导致锤度极显著下降。因而采取的措施为增N、K，合理配施镁含量低的石灰和P肥，以促进茎长、单茎重、有效茎的提高，从而提高产量；控施Mg肥，达到提高糖分含量的目的。 相似文献
5.
对湛江地区辣椒地土壤取样,测定了容重pH、及有机质、全氮、碱解氮、速效磷、速效钾含量。结果表明,辣椒地土壤肥力比甘蔗地土壤有明显改善,且随年限延长呈提高的趋势;与甘蔗地土壤比较,辣椒地土壤速效钾含量呈降低趋势。 相似文献
6.
对湛江地区辣椒地土壤取样,测定了容重ｐＨ,及有机质,全氮,碱解氮,速效磷,速效钾含量。结果表明,辣椒地土壤肥力比甘蔗地土壤有明显改善,且随年限延长呈提高的趋势,与甘蔗地土壤比较,辣椒地土壤速效钾含量呈降低趋势。 相似文献
7.
凌大炯 《广东海洋大学学报》1998,18(3):57-62
为探讨青优湛２植株营养规律及其与产量的构成关系,对不同氮以施用量的植株营养进行了研究。结果表明;施用氮素能使青优湛２极寺增产;不同施氮量的植株氮,磷,钾以及不同生育期的植株氮,磷钾含量均达极显著差异;植株氮出现高峰值的时期随施氮数量而异;而氮磷钾配合施用的植株磷含量呈向上的波浪形规律,植株钾含量呈倒“Ｎ”形规律;分化三期植株氮,始穗期的植株磷和植株钾是影响产量的最重要因子。根据研究结果,建议在“高 相似文献
8.
福州市农田土壤养分空间变异特征 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
研究农田土壤养分空间分布特征及变异规律,分析地形因子对土壤养分空间分布的影响,对土壤养分的有效利用与管理具有重要意义。本文采用GIS和地统计学相结合的方法,揭示东南丘陵区福州市农田土壤养分（有机质、碱解氮、有效磷和速效钾）的空间分布特征和变异规律,并进一步探讨土壤养分含量与地形因子（地形起伏度、高程、地形湿度指数、沉积运输指数和坡度）之间的相关性。结果表明：福州市农田有机质、碱解氮、有效磷和速效钾含量范围分别为1.10~89.5 g/kg、 1.00~461 mg/kg、0.300~298 mg/kg、和4.00~399 mg/kg,其变异系数范围为35.3%~99.0%,均属于中等变异水平;区域内耕地土壤养分存在明显的空间丰缺差异,大部分地区有机质和有效磷含量较为丰富,碱解氮含量处于中等偏上水平,速效钾含量相对较低;有机质、碱解氮、有效磷和速效钾的块金系数分别为32.0%、37.3%、50.0%和50.0%,均呈中等强度空间自相关,表明同时受到结构和随机因素控制;有机质和碱解氮空间自相关尺度较大,且在步长小于0.3 km时,各方向（0°、45°、90°和135°）变化平稳,为各向同性,而有效磷和速效钾变程较小,且各方向变化较复杂,为各向异性。这些结果表明,政府需加强施肥指导,保持氮肥施用量的同时,合理增加钾肥,适当降低有机肥和磷肥施用。此外,在后续调查采样时,样点布设要考虑密度和方向性,适当加密有效磷和速效钾的采样,而有机质和碱解氮采样可以在此基础上适当减少样点。 相似文献
9.
通过野外采样和室内测定,以日照茶树种植区3个典型茶园为研究对象,每个茶园分别取鸠坑、黄山群体、福鼎大白各3个品种,最终取得9种茶样生长地的土样,研究分析土样的pH,有机质,全N,P,K,有效N,P,K等指标的土壤养分含量状况,并以此为评价指标,运用模糊综合评判法,对3个茶园的土壤肥力质量进行了综合评价。结果表明,茶园肥力综合水平为北垛春>碧波山庄>北叶青;茶园土壤总体上,pH值较适中,有机质含量很缺乏,全N含量偏低,全P含量中等,全K含量较高,有效N含量很缺乏,有效P含量非常丰富,有效K含量中等,并据此提出了关于该地区3个典型茶园今后合理施肥的一些建议。 相似文献
10.
钾是作物生长需要的大量元素之一,也是土壤中常因供应不足而影响作物产量的一个重要元素.在植物体内,钾分布很广,尤其是细胞分裂活跃部位的钾含量很高.钾能增进植物根系吸收土壤中必需的营养元素,促进光合作用,加速光合产物向贮藏器官(种子、根)输送,增进蛋白质的合成,增强植物的抗旱、耐冻、抗倒伏能力等[1] .钾对甘蔗细胞的结构、光合作用、碳水化合物的形成、蔗糖的积累等各种生理活动都有促进作用,能增加甘蔗产量,提高糖分[2] .甘蔗是我国重要的经济作物之一,在糖业中,其产糖量占很大的比重.甘蔗对钾的需要量大,并且十分敏感.据研究,每生产1 t甘蔗约从土壤中吸收钾(K2O)2.0～2.7 kg,因此,人们把增施钾肥作为提高蔗糖糖份的一个主要措施来抓. 相似文献
11.
在山东省临沭县北部农耕区进行耕层土壤样品采集,并测定土壤pH、有机质、全量及速效氮磷钾等养分指标来表征土壤肥力,运用因子分析法、聚类分析法计算出所有样本土壤养分综合评价值并进行等级划分来评价土壤肥力。结果表明临沭县北部土壤酸化严重,有机质和全氮、速效钾含量较低,全钾、全磷、碱解氮、速效磷比较丰富。因子分析显示TN、OM、AK、AP、TP、pH是影响临沭县北部土壤养分综合状况的主要因素。临沭县北部土壤肥力水平偏低;土壤养分综合评价值(IFI)具体表现为：郑山街道>青云镇>玉山镇>临沭街道>蛟龙镇。 相似文献
12.
Are there some relationships among species diversity and soil chemical properties of high altitude natural grasslands？ Plant community composition and chemical properties of soil samples were compared to investigate the relationship between soil and species diversity, and the richness in Tibetan alpine grasslands. Results showed that species diversity was significantly positively related to soil organic matter （SOM）, total nitrogen （TN）, available nitrogen （AN）, total phosphorus （TP）, available phosphorus （AP）, and available potassium （AK） in the high alpine grasslands. Margalefs species richness index was also significantly positively related to SOM, TN, AN, and TP. Most soil chemical properties showed significantly positive correlation with species diversity and Margalef＇s richness index. Our results suggested that higher plant species richness index and diversity occurred in more fertile soil habitats in high altitude natural grassland community. In practice, fertilization management for the restoration of degraded grassland should be conducted with reference to the nutrient levels ofnatural grassland without the additional artificial fertilizer and with higher species-diversity and richness index. 相似文献
13.
Calcaric regosols are a valuable land resource, distributed widely across western China. Soil quality has deteriorated considerably in recent years owing to the blind pursuit of economic benefits. A 2-year field experiment was carried out to evaluate the effects of using spent mushroom compost, leguminous plant (Vicia sepium L.) compost, and a combination of the two (at a 1:1 and 2:1 ratio), on rice yield and soil quality in a suburb of China. Vicia sepium L. composted with spent mushroom compost at a 1:1 ratio produced the highest grain and stover yield, grain and stover phosphorus concentration, and phosphorus uptake of rice; they were 56.5%, 93.2%, 89.3%, 198.6% and 22.2% greater than control soil, respectively. The 2:1 ratio (Vicia sepium L.: spent mushroom compost) produced the highest grain N concentration, stover N concentration, and N uptake; they were 31.6%, 31.4%, and 40.7% higher than control, respectively. Soil physical, chemical, and environmental properties were improved with the application of Vicia sepium L. composted with spent mushroom compost at a 2:1 ratio. In particular, soil water-stable aggregates, organic carbon, particulate organic carbon, total nitrogen, available potassium, and cation exchange capacity increased, whereas bulk density, pH, and phytoavailable heavy metals decreased. This organic treatment is beneficial to improve soil quality indicators, and contribute to soil restoration. 相似文献
14.
Accurate evaluation of soil productivity has been a long-standing challenge. Although numerous models for productivity assessment exist, most are cumbersome to use and require substantial parameter inputs. We developed a new empirical soil productivity model based on field investigations of soil erosion, soil physicochemical properties, and crop yields in the dry-hot valleys (DHVs) in China. We found that soil pH, and organic matter and available potassium contents significantly affected crop yields under eroded conditions of the DHVs. Moreover, available potassium content was the key factor affecting soil productivity. We then modified an existing soil productivity model by adding the following parameters: contents of effective water, potassium, organic matter, and clay, soil pH, and root weighting factor. The modified soil productivity model explained 63.5% of the crop yield. We concluded that the new model was simple, realistic, and exhibited strong predictability. In addition to providing an accurate assessment of soil productivity, our model could potentially be applied as a soil module in comprehensive crop models. 相似文献
15.
Impacts of soil fauna on litter decomposition at different succession stages of wetland in Sanjiang Plain, China 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Litter decomposition is the key process in nutrient recycling and energy flow. The present study examined the impacts of soil
fauna on decomposition rates and nutrient fluxes at three succession stages of wetland in the Sanjiang Plain, China using
different mesh litterbags. The results show that in each succession stage of wetland, soil fauna can obviously increase litter
decomposition rates. The average contribution of whole soil fauna to litter mass loss was 35.35%. The more complex the soil
fauna group, the more significant the role of soil fauna. The average loss of three types of litter in the 4mm mesh litterbags
was 0.3–4.1 times that in 0.058mm ones. The decomposition function of soil fauna to litter mass changed with the wetland succession.
The average contribution of soil fauna to litter loss firstly decreased from 34.96% (Carex lasiocapa) to 32.94% (Carex meyeriana), then increased to 38.16% (Calamagrostics angustifolia). The contributions of soil fauna to litter decomposition rates vary according to the litter substrata, soil fauna communities
and seasons. Significant effects were respectively found in August and July on C. angustifolia and C. lasiocapa, while in June and August on C. meyeriana. Total carbon (TC), total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) contents and the C/N and C/P ratios of decaying litter
can be influenced by soil fauna. At different wetland succession stages, the effects of soil fauna on nutrient elements also
differ greatly, which shows the significant difference of influencing element types and degrees. Soil fauna communities strongly
influenced the TC and TP concentrations of C. meyeriana litter, and TP content of C. lasiocapa. Our results indicate that soil fauna have important effects on litter decomposition and this influence will vary with the
wetland succession and seasonal variation.
Foundation item: Under the auspices of State Key Development Program for Basic Research of China (No. 2009CB421103), Key Program
of National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 40830535/D0101), Knowledge Innovation Programs of Chinese Academy of
Sciences (No. KZCX2-YW-BR-16, KSCX2-YW-N-46-06) 相似文献
16.
Livestock behaviour in the Pyrenees includes free grazing and a long resting period that provokes the accumulation of dung and urine in some places,so-called camping areas. The aims of this study were （i） to analyze any change in floral composition,and in nutritional and chemical contents of plants in a livestock camping area; and （ii） to relate the floral composition with soil chemical properties. In a linear transect,five sampling zones were established,from the centre of the camping area to the surrounding Nardus stricta-dominant pasture. The above ground plant biomass and the topsoil were sampled in each zone with 6 replicates per zone. Plant species were classified and weighed to calculate above ground biomass,nutritional and chemical contents,and Shannon diversity and evenness indices. Additionally,soils were sampled in two periods,at the beginning and at the end of grazing period. Soil available nutrients （nitrate,ammonium,phosphorus,potassium,calcium and magnesium）,total nitrogen,organic carbon and pH were measured.
Plant chemical contents （protein,lignin and others） were significantly related to the proportions of grasses,legumes and other plants; so,the protein content is positively correlated with legumes plant biomass while lignin content is negatively correlated with grasses. Both plant and soil nutrients increased linearly towards the centre of the camping area. However,the relationship among plant species richness,diversity and evenness relative to its position along the studied transect was bell-shaped. From the outskirts to the centre of the camping area,plants with low nutrient demand were progressively replaced by those with medium and high nutrients demand and by pioneers.
Nardus stricta-dominant pasture has low plant diversity and plant nutrient content as well as a poor soil nutrient availability. The presence of the camping area introduced patches with more soil nutrients and new species in the large spatial scale. However at a small spatial scale,the strong soil nutrien 相似文献
Plant chemical contents （protein,lignin and others） were significantly related to the proportions of grasses,legumes and other plants; so,the protein content is positively correlated with legumes plant biomass while lignin content is negatively correlated with grasses. Both plant and soil nutrients increased linearly towards the centre of the camping area. However,the relationship among plant species richness,diversity and evenness relative to its position along the studied transect was bell-shaped. From the outskirts to the centre of the camping area,plants with low nutrient demand were progressively replaced by those with medium and high nutrients demand and by pioneers.
Nardus stricta-dominant pasture has low plant diversity and plant nutrient content as well as a poor soil nutrient availability. The presence of the camping area introduced patches with more soil nutrients and new species in the large spatial scale. However at a small spatial scale,the strong soil nutrien 相似文献
17.
ＩＮＴＲＯＤＵＣＴＩＯＮＳｔｕｄｉｅｓｏｎｐｈｏｓｐｈｏｒｕｓｍｅｔａｂｏｌｉｓｍｉｎｆａｒｍｅｄｓｐｅｃｉｅｓｈａｖｅｂｅｃｏｍｅａｐｏｐｕｌａｒｒｅｓｅａｒｃｈｓｕｂｊｅｃｔｒｅｃｅｎｔｌｙ ,ｄｕｅｔｏｔｈｅｉｎｃｒｅａｓｅｄｐｕｂｌｉｃｃｏｎｃｅｒｎｏｎｔｈｅｉｍｐａｃｔｏｆｐｈｏｓｐｈｏｒｕｓｄｉｓｃｈａｒｇｅｆｒｏｍｌｉｖｅｓｔｏｃｋａｎｄａｑｕａｃｕｌｔｕｒｅｓｙｓｔｅｍｓｏｎｔｈｅｅｎｖｉｒｏｎｍｅｎｔ (Ｓｋｏｎｂｅｒｇｅｔａｌ.,1 997;ＥｙａａｎｄＬｏｖｅｌｌ,1 997) .Ｐｈｏｓｐｈ… 相似文献
18.
Effects of biofertilizers and super absorbent polymers on plant growth and soil fertility in the arid mining area of Inner Mongolia,China 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Jian-feng Zhang Ting-ning Zhao Bao-ping Sun Shuang-shuang Song Hu-bo Guo Hao-jie Shen Yi Wu 《山地科学学报》2018,15(9):1920-1935
A pot experiment was conducted in the Institute of Tianlong Ecology of Baotou City in Inner Mongolia, China, to investigate the effects of the application of biofertilizers and super absorbent polymers (SAP) on plant growth and soil improvement in arid mining area soil. Two typical species, namely, Syringa oblata Lindl. (SO) and Medicago sativa L. (MS), were present in the Bayan Obo mining area and used as representatives of shrubs and herbaceous plants in the pot experiment. (1) Biofertilizers and SAP significantly increased the tree height, the ground diameter of SO, and the total biomass of MS and improved the soil fertility of the mining area, especially its biological fertility, compared with those of the control group (CK). The application of biofertilizers and SAP decreased the mining soil pH and significantly increased available nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium, and soil organic matter. (2) After 180 days of growth, the microbial population (bacteria, fungi, and actinomycetes) and soil microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen significantly increased. Microbial ratios C: N significantly decreased compared with those of CK. (3) T5 and T6 treatments with the following dosages might be the optimum selection for the improvement of the studied mining area soil: 20 g SAP + 15 g biofertilizers (SO), 100 g/m2 SAP + 150 g biofertilizers (MS); 20 g SAP + 30 g biofertilizers (SO), and 100 g/m2 SAP + 200 g biofertilizers (MS). This study provided a promising reference for conducting future field studies and the local vegetation restoration. 相似文献