共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 187 毫秒
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相对于盾构隧道施工的大量需求与快速发展的状况,国内在盾构工法特别是大型深埋盾构隧道施工技术和理论研究方面还存在不足,特别是水压条件下深埋盾构隧道开挖面稳定问题。基于极限分析上限法和水土压力统一参数,对考虑水压影响的均质土深埋隧道开挖面稳定性计算方法进行研究,建立了考虑水压影响的深埋盾构隧道开挖面三维对数螺旋破坏模式模型,并推导了其极限支护压力计算公式。然后利用土层厚度加权平均法,可将上述方法应用于多层土深埋盾构隧道开挖面稳定性的评价中。最后,以上海长江盾构隧道实际工程为例,采用本文推导的极限分析上限三维对数螺旋破坏模式方法计算并分析其极限支护压力,并将计算结果与前人研究和规范方法计算的结果进行对比分析。通过该研究可改进与完善水压条件下深埋盾构隧道极限支护压力确定方法,从而为考虑水压条件下盾构隧道施工支护压力的合理确定提供理论依据。 相似文献
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通过开展离心模型试验,对干粉砂及饱和粉砂中盾构隧道开挖面的失稳破坏特性和极限支护压力进行了研究。通过远程控制开挖面土体位移,获得了支护压力与开挖面位移间的关系曲线及开挖面达到主动极限平衡状态时的破坏模式。2组干砂离心模型试验结果表明,当隧道埋深与隧道直径比从0.5增大到1时,开挖面破坏模式从整体坍塌破坏转变为烟囱状,但极限支护压力变化较小。饱和砂土中的试验表明,开挖面水平方向破坏范围相比在相同埋深干砂中的范围扩大,极限支护压力显著增加。对开挖面破坏过程进行三维弹塑性有限元数值模拟,获得了开挖面极限支护压力和破坏机制,所得结果与试验吻合较好。进一步通过数值模拟,分析了土体强度参数、隧道埋深及渗流对极限支护压力的影响规律。结果表明,渗流条件下开挖面破坏区域及极限支护压力均大于无渗流情况,极限支护压力随内摩擦角增大而减小,随隧道埋深增大而减小。 相似文献
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非均质是软黏土地基中比较普遍的现象,而目前隧道开挖面稳定研究中比较成熟的理论主要是针对均质土体。因此,从塑性极限分析上限法的基本原理出发,采用平面应变隧道刚体平动破坏模式(多块体上限法),考虑软黏土地基的非均质性,推导了平面应变隧道极限支护压力关于隧道埋深、土体重度及土体强度的上限公式。通过与其他方法的比较分析,证明了极限分析方法在隧道开挖面稳定性方面的可行性;利用该方法的计算结果详细探讨了隧道开挖面稳定的影响因素;而且由计算结果可知,地基土的非均质性在影响隧道开挖面极限支护压力的同时,也影响着隧道开挖破坏面的位置和形状,为工程实践提供重要的理论依据。 相似文献
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防止盾构隧道开挖面失稳的关键是合理设置不同盾构支护平衡模式下的支护压应力。在改进的筒仓楔形体模型计算方法得出的开挖面松动土体对刀盘压力呈近似呈抛物线分布的基础上,研究了气压支护模式、泥水支护模式和土压支护模式下,盾构隧道开挖面分别在地下水位以上和地下水位以下时开挖面的稳定性,研究结果表明:有效支护应力均匀分布时,除粘土开挖面下部失稳外,其余土体均为开挖面中下部失稳;有效支护压应力呈上小下大的梯形分布时,除软粘土开挖面下部失稳外,其余土体均为开挖面上部失稳;有效支护应力呈上大下小的梯形分布时,所有土体开挖面均为下部失稳;在气压、泥水和土压平衡支护模式下,开挖面在未到达筒仓楔形体模型所假设的开挖面整体失稳前,开挖面已经发生了局部失稳,采用筒仓楔形体模型确定的极限稳定支护力是不安全的。最后给出了开挖面松动土体对刀盘压应力公式中计算参数的无量纲化图,以方便实际工程运用。 相似文献
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在渗透性大且富含地下水的砂砾地层中进行土压平衡式盾构施工,切削下来的土体具有渗透系数大、流动性差的特点,由于地下水的渗透使压力舱内支护土压力不能有效地施加到开挖面。通过压力舱土体改良技术,降低土体渗透性和提高土体的流动性是改善压力舱土体状态和提高支护土压力的重要措施。利用能够考虑大变形破坏的快速拉格朗日有限差分计算程序研究了压力舱土体改良效果对开挖面稳定性的影响,分析了压力舱土体渗透系数的降低对开挖面支护压力的影响关系,为土压平衡式盾构施工开挖面支护压力的确定提供参考。 相似文献
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砂土中盾构隧道开挖面失稳土体三维形状分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
合理确定盾构隧道开挖面前方失稳土体的形状是开挖面极限支护压力计算及开挖面失稳风险评估的基础和难点。建立模拟盾构隧道开挖面失稳过程的数值模型,利用Handy拱效应理论,依据Mohr-Coulomb破坏准则,得出失稳土体破坏位置和形状的计算方法。研究结果表明,水平方向由于隧道左右两端的支承作用产生水平压力拱,使失稳土体存在一个极限边界,极限边界内垂直方向的土体移动产生悬链线形的最小主应力拱,失稳土体形状类似贝壳形。以南京地铁3号线浦珠路站－滨江路站区间盾构隧道工程作为算例,理论分析和数值模拟结果吻合较好。 相似文献
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盾构隧道开挖面稳定的可靠度研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
目前,盾构隧道开挖面稳定性评价方法均是确定性方法。为了考虑土体参数的变异性,提出用可靠方法来评价其稳定程度。采用数值模拟方法,研究了隧道开挖面极限支护压力。基于BP神经网络预测大量给定地层参数工况下的开挖面极限支护压力,对其进行统计,得其概率分布特征。在理论分析的基础上,结合工程实际,探讨了盾构施工土压力的确定原理。建立了隧道开挖面稳定的极限状态方程,对其进行了可靠度分析。该研究除能够科学、合理地评价开挖面的稳定程度外,对于盾构施工过程中合理地设定开挖面支护压力也具有一定的参考作用。 相似文献
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为精确模拟海底盾构隧道掘进过程的施工力学效应,以厦门地铁2号线海底盾构段工程为依托,建立盾构机-注浆体-围岩-海水相互作用的三维数值模型,全面考虑施工影响因素,如开挖面泥水压力、千斤顶推力、盾构机超挖、机身与土体相互作用、注浆压力、海水压力、壁后注浆的时空变化性质等,通过计算结果与实测的验证后,对开挖面支护压力、地层损失率、注浆压力和千斤顶力等4种因素进行参数变化分析。结果表明:初期管片水土压力受到的施工扰动较为强烈,之后先大幅快速下降,降幅在100kPa左右,再缓慢降低,降幅在20kPa左右,最后趋于稳定;开挖面支护压力设为320kPa左右最为合理,增大支护压力,仅对开挖面前方一定范围内土体变形有影响,由于埋深较大,对地表竖向位移基本没有影响;地层损失率对地层沉降、管片上浮及管片内力的影响较大,随着地层损失率增大1%,地表沉降增大241.3%,管片上浮量降低38.2%,弯矩减少23.9%;注浆压力对管片上浮和管片内力有较大影响,注浆压力增大10%,管片上浮量增大32.1%,弯矩增大24.3%;千斤顶力主要对沿隧道轴向的管片轴力有一定影响,对管片上浮和管片弯矩影响很小。研究成果可为管片结构设计及海底盾构施工参数控制提供更加合理的参考建议。 相似文献
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In this paper, a numerical simulation method for evaluating tunnelling-induced ground movement is presented. The method involves discrete element simulation of TBM slurry shield advancement and considers explicitly soil excavation from the face, effects of varying face support pressure, and the influence of tunnel cover depth. For the cases studied, it is found that for tunnel cover depths (C/D) between 0.7 and 2.1, ground deformations inducing by the tunnelling can be controlled within a certain extent and tunnel face stability can ensured, provided the support pressure ratio (N) lies between 0.8 and 1.5. The proposed method is reasonably benefited to modeling the face stability in shield-driven tunnels in soft soils. 相似文献
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With increased demand for the tunnel construction in rock–soil interface composite formations, the influence on surrounding environment especially the excavation face instability during construction and ground settlement in the long term has gained great attention. The researches about environmental disturbance by shield tunneling construction in single ground as the soil or rock conditions have been developed continuously. However, due to the complexity and uncertainty of the interaction between rock–soil interface composite formations and shield machines, works on these special conditions have not been carried out sufficiently. In this paper the theoretical, experimental and numerical researches on the excavation face stability and ground settlement are discussed while the in situ datum are used to support them. First, the typical projects in rock–soil interface composite formations are listed and the difficulties met are summarized. Second, the failure model of excavation face and support pressure from the tunneling shield in rock–soil interface composite formations are discussed. Then, a comprehensive survey of the factors of ground settlement during and after construction and some effective prediction models are made. Finally, the existing problems and directions for future research are introduced. 相似文献
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针对全断面隧道掘进机（TBM）开挖过程掌子面岩体软硬交替变化的特点,以兰州水源地建设工程为背景,采用模型试验与数值模拟方法研究了复合地层TBM开挖过程隧洞围岩的动态响应规律。通过开展相似配比试验配制了不同围岩强度比的复合地层岩体相似材料,运用光纤光栅技术全程捕捉了隧洞开挖过程复合地层应变演化规律,并分析了隧洞围岩的宏观破裂形态。模型试验结果表明：TBM推进过程中复合地层应变变化规律体现了掌子面推进的空间效应,软岩部分应变要大于硬岩部分应变,且随着开挖步数的增加两种岩层应变差值越大;隧洞内岩体完全挖除后,围岩宏观破裂形态表明因复合地层岩体物理力学性质的差异,上覆软岩变形破坏较为严重,破裂和变形较为显著,在软、硬岩层交界面出现“变形不协调”现象。选取工程沿线某洞段的地质力学参数,基于破坏接近度（FAI）指标评价了隧洞开挖过程中复合地层围岩的稳定性,数值结果表明：开挖过程软岩中FAI变化较为明显,塑性区和破坏区分布范围更广,而下部硬岩受开挖扰动影响较小,只有拱底小范围岩体进入破坏状态。模型试验和数值结果均说明交替变化的掌子面岩体在开挖过程中其围岩在变形破坏等规律方面存在明显差异,因此,TBM在复合地层施工可采取重点部位监测预警、提前采取相应措施等手段,减少或避免卡机事故的发生。该研究成果对于指导复合地层TBM施工具有一定的借鉴和指导意义。 相似文献
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Ebrahim Farrokh Jamal Rostami Chris Laughton 《Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering》2011,44(4):431-445
Estimation of advance rate and utilization of tunnel boring machines (TBM) are some of the important steps in planning a TBM
tunneling project. Estimation of the utilization factor depends on realistic analysis of downtime components. Among the different
parameters influencing TBM downtime, tunnel support is the most influential factor, which can take up to 50% of the total
excavation time in some cases. Although, there are some rock mass classification systems specifically developed to link ground
conditions with the type and amount of support installed in TBM tunneling, the related downtime for support installation has
not been studied in detail. Unit supporting time (UST) is the time required for the installation of ground support per unit
length of tunnel. Support installation time (SIT) is the time required for installation of a single ground support element.
In this paper, approximate ranges of UST and SIT are discussed and analyzed on the basis of recorded ground SIT from a number
of TBM tunneling projects. The primary goal of this paper is to link UST with rock mass classifications that have been specifically
developed to assess ground support requirements for different tunnel sections using open-type TBM. An accurate estimate of
UST and SIT allows for realistic determination of the related downtime and TBM utilization rate. 相似文献
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Elisabetta Cattoni Chiara Miriano Laura Boco Claudio Tamagnini 《Acta Geotechnica》2016,11(6):1385-1399
In this work, the effects of coupled hydromechanical (consolidation) processes associated with shield tunneling excavation in soft clays are investigated with particular attention to the prediction of ground movements at the ground surface. A series of 2d FE analyses have been carried out in parametric form in order to investigate the effects of tunnel excavation velocity relative to the soil consolidation rate and the hydraulic boundary conditions at the tunnel boundary. The shield advancement process has been simulated with a simplified procedure incorporating both volume loss and ovalization of the tunnel section. In order to investigate the relative importance of soil consolidation during the excavation process, different characteristic times for the tunnel face advancement and for the consolidation process around the tunnel have been considered, for the two limiting conditions of fully permeable liner and impervious liner. The potential damage induced by the tunnel excavation on existing structures, based on computed ground surface distortions and horizontal deformations, has been found to vary significantly with time during the consolidation process. The results of the simulations allowed to obtain useful information on the minimum tunnel face advancement speed for which the assumption of fully undrained conditions for the soil during the excavations is acceptable, as well as on the speed range for which solving the fully coupled hydromechanical problem is necessary. 相似文献
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Controlling the face stability of shallow shield tunnels is difficult due to the inadequate understanding of face failure mechanism. The failure mechanism and the limit support pressure of a tunnel face in dry sandy ground were investigated by using discrete element method (DEM), which has particular advantages for revealing mechanical properties of granular materials. The contact parameters of the dry sand particles were obtained by calibrating the results of laboratory direct shear tests. A series of three-dimensional DEM models for different ratios of the cover depth to the diameter of the tunnel (C/D = 0.5, 1, and 2; i.e., relative depth) were then built to simulated the process of tunnel face failure. The limit support pressure, failure zone and soil arching were discussed and compared with other methods. The results of DEM simulations show that the process of tunnel face failure can be divided into two stages. With the increase of the horizontal displacement of the tunnel face, the support pressure decreases to the limit support pressure and then increases to the residual support pressure. The limit support pressure increases with the rise of relative depth and then tends to be constant. In the process of tunnel face failure, the failure zone is gradually enlarged in size and expands to the ground surface. The numerical results also demonstrate that soil arching occurs in the upper part of the failure zone and the soil becomes loosened in the failure zone. Consequently, the comprehensive analysis of tunnel face failure may help to guarantee safe construction during tunneling. 相似文献
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For long deep tunnels as currently under construction through the Alps, mechanized excavation using tunnel boring machines (TBMs) contributes significantly to savings in construction time and costs. Questions are, however, posed due to the severe ground conditions which are in cases anticipated or encountered along the main tunnel alignment. A major geological hazard is the squeezing of weak rocks, but also brittle failure can represent a significant problem. For the design of mechanized tunnelling in such conditions, the complex interaction between the rock mass, the tunnel machine, its system components, and the tunnel support need to be analysed in detail and this can be carried out by three-dimensional (3D) models including all these components. However, the state-of-the-art shows that very few fully 3D models for mechanical deep tunnel excavation in rock have been developed so far. A completely three-dimensional simulator of mechanised tunnel excavation is presented in this paper. The TBM of reference is a technologically advanced double shield TBM designed to cope with both conditions. Design analyses with reference to spalling hazard along the Brenner and squeezing along the Lyon–Turin Base Tunnel are discussed. 相似文献
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对地面出入式盾构法隧道施工引起的土体垂直变形计算方法进行研究。考虑盾构轴线与水平面的夹角 （即隧道埋深变化）,对林存刚公式进行修正,结合正面附加推力、盾壳摩擦力、附加注浆压力和土体损失的共同作用,提出全新的土体垂直变形计算公式。算例分析结果表明：在隧道埋深较浅工况下,新方法计算结果与林存刚公式的计算结果差异较大,新方法计算得到的开挖面前方地面隆起和后方地面沉降均较大;盾构上仰掘进时,随着 增大,由正面附加推力、盾壳摩擦力及土体损失引起的纵向土体垂直变形曲线呈上移趋势,由附加注浆压力引起的纵向土体垂直变形曲线则呈下移趋势;地面沉降最大值变小,但地面横向沉降槽范围逐渐变大。 相似文献