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随着观测信息的丰富,常规的线性模型的不足凸现,影响了模型的精度.为了克服常规模型的缺点提出了动态参数线性回归模型.根据动态参数线性回归模型要求,在参与建模数据个数保持不变的情况下,利用新观测的数据取代旧有的数据,获取新的模型参数,进而建立动态参数线性回归模型,并进行沉降预测.通过实例验证,效果比较理想. 相似文献
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为寻求嵌入法地下水资源优化管理模型的有效求解方法,本文对阶梯法的优点与不足分别进行了分析研究。并结合实例研究,探讨了阶梯法求解嵌入法地下水资源优化管理模型过程中应注意的问题。 相似文献
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营口软土的固结不排水剪切蠕变特性 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
利用自行改装后的三轴蠕变仪对海相沉积的营口软土进行蠕变试验,获得了在不同围压、不同偏应力条件下的剪切应变与时间关系数据。分析表明:(1)固结不排水蠕变中没有体积变化,不同偏应力下剪切蠕变可用对数形式表达;(2)固结不排水剪切蠕变在低应力水平下表现为线性粘弹性,而高应力水平时则具非线性的特性。由此,提出了描述软土蠕变规律的Singh-Mitchell经验模型和五参数的广义Kelvin模型,并确定了相应的模型参数。与试验数据拟合发现:Singh-Mitchell经验模型对应力水平为20%~80%时具有较高的拟合精度;Kelvin模型中的变形模量和粘滞系数均不为常数。 相似文献
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地下水多目标管理模型及其应用研究 总被引:10,自引:1,他引:9
对地下水多目标管理模型的特点、建模和求解方法进行了探讨;以包头市为例,建立了综合考虑社会、经济、环境等因素的地下水多目标管理模型,并运用层次线性目标规划求解。研究表明,所提出的管理方案不仅可用于包头市水资源的科学管理,还可作为该区国民经济宏观决策的依据。 相似文献
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接触模型的宏?细观参数标定是成功使用离散元方法的关键。在离散元的接触模型中线性接触模型与抗转线性接触模型均可用于模拟砂性土的力学行为,其中抗转线性接触模型在模拟密砂的剪胀性方面具备优势。采用抗转线性接触模型对室内密实砂土三轴试验进行了离散元模拟,验证了抗转线性接触模型的可靠性;进而系统分析了颗粒间摩擦系数、刚度比和抗转动系数等细观参数与砂土峰值内摩擦角、残余内摩擦角、峰值剪胀角等宏观参数的相关关系并进行了验证;揭示了偏应力作用下,细观参数对密实砂土试样内部剪切带宽度与倾角变化的影响规律,提出了考虑剪胀角的剪切带倾角经验公式。通过研究建立了抗转线性接触模型宏?细观参数的量化关系并给出了标定参数的具体流程图,提出了快速标定宏观参数的方法并应用实例进行了验证,为采用抗转线性接触模型精准模拟密实砂土的力学特性提供依据。 相似文献
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叠加原理在水文地质计算中的应用相当普遍,但一般局限于地下水流模型的解析解,本文扼要介绍了线性定解问题的叠加原理,在此基础上提出了线性离散模型的叠加原理,进而讨论了线性离散模型的叠加原理在地下水流数值模型中的应用一一地下水流数值模型的分解与叠加.模型分解与叠加既可用于解析分析也可用于数值计算;同时不仅可以简化复杂模型的求解问题,更有助于理解地下水变化过程. 相似文献
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本文在综合前人资料的基础上概述了矿床模型的概念、研究现状、分类及其相互关系。矿床模型研究在80年代掀起了高潮,在世界范围内,有关矿床模型的专著和文章大量出版及在各种地学刊物上刊登。矿床模型是描述一组矿床本质属性的系统有序的信息,是对整个矿床系统的简化、抽象和类比。因此,将一个完整的矿床系统分为特征描述,成因机制,找矿标志和经济评价四部分,由此分为四种模型亚类:描述性模型,成因模型,找矿模型和地质经济模型。这四种模型有交叉、重复,后面的模型是建立在前面模型基础之上的,如成因模型是建立在对矿床及其控矿条件等精确描述之上的模型,地质经济模型则建立在前面三种模型的基础之上。 相似文献
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地磁场模型的计算和评述 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
评述了计算地磁场区域模型的各种数学方法,如:利用多项式方法可以计算地磁场的Taylor多项式模型和Legendre多项式模型,利用球冠谐和分析方法可以计算出磁场的冠谐模型。本文指出了建立区域模型各种方法的优缺点,指出球冠谐和分析方法是计算地磁场三维模型的好方法。 相似文献
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大牛地气田无土相钻井液实例计算表明,赫巴模式的相关系数最大,残差平方和最小,其次是卡森模式、幂律模式,最差的是宾汉模式,建议优先选用赫巴模式。 相似文献
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Classification of remotely sensed images is a rich research field wherein techniques from conventional statistics to recent developments such as Artificial Neural Network, Fuzzy logic etc. has wide applications. Conventionally remotely sensed image classification referred to pixel classification based on broad categories such as vegetation and water bodies. With the availability of high-resolution imageries, shape analysis of macro structures contained in images becomes an important and difficult task. Although conventional statistical pattern recognition techniques give a reasonable result, Artificial neural network methods seem to be giving better results. In this paper, we give a survey of feed-forward neural network used for shape classification and a Hopfield model with an improved learning rule, for a typical shape analysis problem. 相似文献
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路基沉降预测的Usher模型应用研究 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
基于线性或近似线性加载情况下路基沉降过程和Usher曲线,将广泛用于经济和资源预测的Usher模型应用于路基沉降预测。对Usher模型微分方程式的分析表明,目前用于沉降预测的Logistic模型和Gompertz模型是Usher模型的两种简化形式,但Usher模型对于实际情况具有更强的适应性。阐述了Usher模型参数的计算方法,并结合某工程实例进行了计算分析,对比结果说明Usher模型用于沉降预测的效果较好,且比Logistic模型和Gompertz模型具有更高的预测精度,可供工程应用参考。 相似文献
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Discrete-element, individual-based and agent-based modelling techniques represent the interactions of individuals or entities with one another and their environments by sets of computational rules. These methods are now being used in geophysics, ecology, zoology, and increasingly in the social sciences. A characteristic is that the “agents” are embedded in an environment with which they interact, so that joint evolution of physical, ecological and socio-economic systems can be studied; this makes them of interest in integrated geographical investigation. Of particular interest is the fact that they allow the study of macro-scale emergent behaviour generated by multiple individual actions. Discrete techniques have the potential to create integrated models that cross disciplines. Similar computational methods can be employed to control the spatial search process, deal with irregular or changing boundaries, and to track the evolution of systems where preservation of heterogeneity across space and time is important. The complex series of feedbacks between the different types of system can thus be modelled within a single computational framework. Humans modelled in this way as “agents” can allow the collective effect of many interacting individuals to generate emergent structures at the community scale. The structural characteristics of their social and natural environments will influence their behaviour, while at the same time constituting emergent consequences of their actions. The principal challenge of the latter is to find those sets of rules that represent the beliefs and desires of real human agents, accurately reflecting the cultural context, while allowing us to explore the social and economic limitations of agents to take action. This paper reviews and illustrates discrete methods applicable to a range of geographical enquiries, and with particular reference to individual- and agent-based methods, assesses the rich diversity of approaches that must be combined to take full advantage of their potential to explore interactions of social and environmental processes. 相似文献
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基于遗传算法的新安江模型日模拟参数优选研究 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
在概念性水文模型的参数率定中,目前还没有一个传统优化方法能够提供保证足够高效和稳定性的算法。为了克服传统优化方法中局部收敛性的缺点,近年来利用遗传算法通过计算机准确稳定地进行概念性水文模型的参数优选的尝试得到越来越多的重视和发展。目前优选水文模型待定参数,大多是从次洪模型的方面去讨论,有关日模拟模型的遗传算法参数优选讨论的较少。本文系统分析了基于遗传算法的新安江模型日模拟参数的自动优选,同时针对遗传算法在模型参数众多的情况下时间效率低下问题,通过利用新安江模型参数分层原理与模型参数敏感性分析对优选结果影响,提出一套简化的日模型参数遗传算法优选方案。经过流域模拟检验,该优选方案可行,运行效率高,可以作为类似模型遗传算法参数率定快速、有效的方案。 相似文献
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滑坡空间预测数学模型的对比及其应用 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
滑坡灾害空间预测经历了从定性-半定量-定量、从确定性-非确定性-概率论的发展过程,其中预测模型的建立、预测方法的选取是滑坡空间预测的核心过程,关系到预测结果的最终确定.讨论了信息量模型、信息-物元模型、信息-神经网络模型的预测流程和关键技术问题,将这3种非确定性数学模型运用于万州安乐寺古滑坡区的滑坡危险性预测中,并对3种模型的预测结果进行了对比分析,指出3种预测数学模型的优劣及其应用中需注意的问题,对比研究表明3种模型均不失为滑坡空间预测中较为有效的数学模型. 相似文献
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Dean S. Oliver 《Mathematical Geology》2002,34(2):185-201
Assessment of uncertainty in the performance of fluvial reservoirs often requires the ability to generate realizations of channel sands that are conditional to well observations. For channels with low sinuosity this problem has been effectively solved. When the sinuosity is large, however, the standard stochastic models for fluvial reservoirs are not valid, because the deviation of the channel from a principal direction line is multivalued. In this paper, I show how the method of randomized maximum likelihood can be used to generate conditional realizations of channels with large sinuosity. In one example, a Gaussian random field model is used to generate an unconditional realization of a channel with large sinuosity, and this realization is then conditioned to well observations. Channels generated in the second approach are less realistic, but may be sufficient for modeling reservoir connectivity in a realistic way. In the second example, an unconditional realization of a channel is generated by a complex geologic model with random forcing. It is then adjusted in a meaningful way to honor well observations. The key feature in the solution is the use of channel direction instead of channel deviation as the characteristic random function describing the geometry of the channel. 相似文献