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Long gravity records are of great interest when performing tidal analyses. Indeed, long series enable to separate contributions of near-frequency waves and also to detect low frequency signals (e.g. long period tides and polar motion). In addition to the length of the series, the quality of the data and the temporal stability of the noise are also very important. We study in detail some of the longest gravity records available in Europe: 3 data sets recorded with spring gravimeters in Black Forest Observatory (Germany, 1980–2012), Walferdange (Luxemburg, 1980–1995) and Potsdam (Germany, 1974–1998) and several superconducting gravimeters (SGs) data sets, with at least 9 years of continuous records, at different European GGP (Global Geodynamics Project) sites (Bad Homburg, Brussels, Medicina, Membach, Moxa, Vienna, Wettzell and Strasbourg). The stability of each instrument is investigated using the temporal variations of tidal parameters (amplitude factor and phase difference) for the main tidal waves (O1, K1, M2 and S2) as well as the M2/O1 factor ratio, the later being insensitive to the instrumental calibration. The long term stability of the tidal observations is also dependent on the stability of the scale factor of the relative gravimeters. Therefore we also check the time stability of the scale factor for the superconducting gravimeter C026 installed at the J9 Gravimetric Observatory of Strasbourg (France), using numerous calibration experiments carried out by co-located absolute gravimeter (AG) measurements during the last 15 years. The reproducibility of the scale factor and the achievable precision are investigated by comparing the results of different calibration campaigns. Finally we present a spectrum of the 25 years of SG records at J9 Observatory, with special attention to small amplitude tides in the semi-diurnal and diurnal bands, as well as to the low frequency part. 相似文献
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Introduction The tidal variation signals of the solid Earth recorded with the modern measuring techniques can be used to provide effectively the means to cognize the Earths motion, deformation and structure character, especially to monitor the material motion in the Earths interior. In the recent 20 years, the distribution character of the global gravity field has made great progress since the continuous and deep theoretical studies in geophysics and geodesy domains. The successful manufactur… 相似文献
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Temporal variations in free core nutation period 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Based on the nearly diurnal resonance in the tidal gravity observations,the temporal variations in period of the Earth's free core nutation (FCN) are investigated by using the tidal gravity observations of 18-year duration recorded continu-ously with a superconducting gravimeter (SG) at Brussels. The effects of the global oceanic tide loading and local barometric pressure on the SG observations have been removed by using eleven high-precision global digital models of oceanic tides and barometric pressure me... 相似文献
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《Journal of Geodynamics》2010,49(3-5):305-309
A new database for absolute gravity (AG) measurements has been implemented at BGI and BKG and is operational now for storing absolute gravity data either in the form of metadata or as detailed measurement results. The database development was proposed by the IGFS (International Gravity Field Service) and is expected to have a great importance for the GGOS (Global Geodetic Observing System) initiative. This database will provide an overview about AG stations and observations and by this improve the cooperation between gravity groups and foster the combination with other geodetic observation techniques. The international community of absolute gravimeter users is asked to contribute to this database.In addition to its primary purposes, demonstration of the global site distribution and information about available observations, the database could also provide an important contribution to the Global Geodynamics Project (GGP). Precise repeated absolute gravity measurements at the superconducting gravimeter (SG) sites are necessary for the determination of SG drift parameters and can be used for checking SG instrument calibration factors. The AGrav database is capable of storing the necessary AG observations at the SG location in detail up to the “single drop level” and provides this information for the combination with SG time series. An example for a selected station is presented. It is proposed to establish an interface between the AGrav and GGP databases. 相似文献
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采用武汉台超导重力仪(SG C032)14年多的长期连续观测资料,研究了固体地球对二阶和三阶引潮力的响应特征,精密测定了重力潮汐参数,系统研究了最新的固体潮模型和海潮模型在中国大陆的有效性.采用最新的8个全球海潮模型计算了海潮负荷效应,从武汉台SG C032的观测中成功分离出63个2阶潮汐波群和15个3阶潮汐波群信号,3阶潮波涵盖了周日、半日和1/3日三个频段.重力潮汐观测的精度非常高,标准偏差达到1.116 nm·s-2,系统反映了非流体静力平衡、非弹性地球对2阶和3阶引潮力的响应特征.结果表明,现有的武汉国际重力潮汐基准在半日频段非常精确,但在周日频段存在比较明显的偏差,需要进一步精化.对于中国大陆的大地测量观测,固体潮可以采用Dehant等考虑地球内部介质非弹性和非流体静力平衡建立的固体潮理论模型或Xu 等基于全球SG观测建立的重力潮汐全球实验模型作为参考和改正模型,海潮负荷效应应该采用Nao99作为改正模型. 相似文献
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Yoichi Fukuda Toshihiro Higashi Shuzo Takemoto Maiko Abe Sjafra Dwipa Dendi Surya Kusuma Achmad Andan Koichiro Doi Yuichi Imanishi Giuseppe Arduino 《Journal of Geodynamics》2004,38(3-5):489
For the purposes of the calibration of the superconducting gravimeter (SG) in Bandung and the establishment of the absolute gravity (AG) points, we carried out AG measurements for the first time in Indonesia in November 2002. The measurements in Bandung were conducted between November 15th and 20th by means of a FG5 (#210), and 14,520 effective drops were obtained. The gravity value newly determined at the AG point in Bandung is 977976701.2 μgal (1 μgal = 10−8 ms−2) and the scale factor for the SG is −52.22 μgal/V. We also established another AG point in Yogyakarta near Merapi volcano and carried out AG measurements in Yogyakarta between November 22nd and 26th. The gravity value determined for this station is 978203093.5 μgal. 相似文献
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The time variability of diurnal tides was investigated by analyzing gravity observations from global superconducting gravimeter (SG) stations with running time intervals. Through least-square and Bayesian approaches, FCN resonance parameters were estimated for each data section after obtaining the tidal parameters of mainly diurnal tidal waves. The correlation of the time variation in diurnal tidal waves and FCN period was discussed. For comparison, a similar method was used to analyze VLBI observations to study the time variability of nutation terms and FCN period. The variation trend of the FCN period totally depends on the Ψ1 wave in tidal gravity and on the retrograde annual term in nutation. We observed a similar variation trend in the FCN periods obtained from different SG stations worldwide and VLBI observations. The relation between diurnal tides and LOD variations is discussed and the possible mechanisms of the decadal variation in FCN periods were discussed. 相似文献
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通过分析海空重力测量系统误差的形成机理,我们发现海空重力仪格值标定误差是引起系统性测量偏差的主要因素之一.本文简要介绍了重力仪格值的标定方法,分析论证了格值标定的精度要求,提出了利用东西正反向重复测线检测校正海空重力仪格值的计算模型和补偿方法,分析讨论了该方法的校正精度及其适用条件,利用航空重力实际观测网数据对该方法的合理性和有效性进行了数值验证,证明该方法对消除海空重力测量系统性偏差具有显著作用. 相似文献
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The increasing number of hydro-gravimetry studies proves the rising interest of the hydrology community toward this monitoring method. The accuracy of superconducting gravimeters (SG) potentially allows the retrieval of small water storage changes (WSC) down to a few millimeters of equivalent water thickness. However, the importance of corrections applied to SG data to achieve such a precision in gravity residuals should be recalled. The Djougou permanent gravity station presented in this paper and located in northern Benin, West-Africa, provides a good opportunity to review these considerations. This station is equipped since July 2010 with the superconducting gravimeter SG-060 aimed at deriving WSC at different time-scales, daily to inter-annual. In this area, WSC are (1) part of the control system for evapotranspiration (ET) process, a key variable of the West-African monsoon cycle and (2) the state variable for resource management, a critical issue in storage-poor hard rock basement contexts such as in northern Benin. The potential for deriving WSC from time-lapse gravity data partly depends on environmental features such as topography and the instrument shelter. Therefore, this issue is addressed first, with the background idea that such sensitivity analysis should be undertaken before setting up any new instrument. In Djougou, local topography is quite flat leading to a theoretical straightforward relationship between gravity changes and WSC, close to the standard Bouguer value. However, the shelter plays a significant masking role, which is the principal limitation to the retrieval of fast hydrological processes such as ET following a rain event. Several issues concerning classical gravity corrections are also addressed in the paper. These include gap-filling procedures during rain-events and drift estimates for short time series. Special attention is provided to atmospheric corrections, and different approaches are tested: a simple scalar admittance, a filtered scalar admittance, a frequency-dependent admittance and direct atmospheric loading calculations. It is shown that the physically based approach of direct loading calculations performs better in both residual minimization and ET retrieval. Moreover, non-local hydrological effects are investigated and account for about 20% of the gravity residuals. Finally, gravity residuals are briefly analyzed at two distinct time scales: rapid (up to a few days) and seasonal. At the rapid time-scale, it is shown that ET retrieval is hardly achievable given shelter size and state-of-the-art atmospheric corrections. Still, mean values retrieved from this study are in accordance with known values of potential ET and lateral flow. Direct comparison of gravity changes with hydrological data (neutron probe monitoring and water table levels) show some discrepancies, particularly for the hydrological year of 2011, for which all hydrological data show a deficit, but SG and FG5 data do not. This preliminary analysis both provides a basis and call for further hydro-gravity modeling, to comprehensively investigate the water-cycle at the Djougou station. 相似文献
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Over the past two decades, superconducting gravimeters (SGs) have been a key tool to investigate a number of geophysical processes leading to time-variable gravity changes. As SGs are relative meters, even though they are the most sensitive and stable devices currently available, they need to be accurately calibrated. Each branch of Earth sciences that benefits from high-precision gravity monitoring demands calibration of gravity sensors to accuracy of better than 0.1%. This research deals with a calibration experiment performed at the Strasbourg (France) SG site by means of two FG5 (#206 and #211) absolute gravimeters (AGs) and new-generation spring meters (Scintrex Ltd. Autograv CG-3M and CG5 and Microg-LaCoste gPhone). Our goal is to try to use the newest generation of spring mechanical gravimeters (MGs) for calibrating SGs. We discuss the results in terms of precision and accuracy of the SG calibration by means of different metrological and methodological approaches. With the FG5 #211 we derive scale factors for the SG-GWR C026 located in Strasbourg in agreement with those routinely obtained since 1997 by means of the FG5 #206. This confirms that the estimation of the scale factors is independent of the AG sensor. From a moving-window regression analysis between the synthetic body tides and both the SG and MG gravity records we detect significant fluctuations of the SG scale factors over time due to the instability of the instrumental sensitivity of the MGs. Our main results demonstrate that, owing to the time variability of their sensitivity, the used spring meters, even if well calibrated, cannot be used as a stable reference for SGs. As a result, MGs are not suitable to replace AGs for SG calibration, and we conclude that currently the method using parallel recording with absolute gravity meters is still the most feasible calibration approach for SGs. 相似文献
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重力基点网是我国开展地质调查、地震监测、测绘等测量工作的重要基础设施,面对原有基点网覆盖面不足且受到不同程度损害这一现状,目前已不能满足开展大比例尺重力调查以及高频率重复监测等工作的需求.本文以广西重力基点网重建为契机,利用A10-022绝对重力仪对全区42个重力基点与2个相对重力仪标定场的绝对重力值进行了测定.整个实施周期涵盖了计量参数校准、全球绝对重力仪国际比对、室内同点重复性以及全网部分基点独立安装检查等较为完整的测量流程,并通过连续运输与观测期间环境因素的记录与对比分析,总结了适合于该类型仪器室外条件下工作的技术手段与应对措施.观测结果表明:利用A10绝对重力仪能够高效率与高精度的完成广西重力基点网室外设计点位测定工作,国际比对及重复性验证确保了本次重建基点结果的可信度;A10采用双模式的氦氖激光频率存在漂移并受温度及气压等多种因素的综合影响,但短期内中心频率未出现较大波动,建议定期对其进行校准;各基点观测误差主要受到台站质量、人文活动及突发事件等环境扰动的影响,并与仪器内外温差存在较高的相关性.本文给出的A10绝对重力仪的参数设计、技术手段与影响因素的详细分析,能够为今后同类型仪器的观测实施提供重要参考,并有助于室外绝对重力观测的全国推广与应用. 相似文献
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关于绝对重力仪的发展和我们的思考 总被引：1，自引：3，他引：1
介绍了近年来出现的新型绝对重力仪，认为该仪器是控制地球重力场信息的重要工具，特别对FG5型的如何改进及我国绝对重力仪的如何发展，提出了建议。 相似文献
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The gravity method is one of the geophysical tools used for engineering and environmental investigations where the detection of cavities, karst phenomena, subsoil irregularities, or landfills is essential. In many cases, deep or small-scale heterogeneities generating low-amplitude anomalies have to be detected and the reliability of further interpretation requires highly accurate measurements, carefully corrected for any quantifiable disturbing effects. The purpose of this study is to investigate the factors likely to limit measurement quality and how to make improvements.Calibrations of a Scintrex gravimeter were made between French relative and absolute base stations, and the relative uncertainties on the calibration factors were estimated for these links. Ranging from 10−3, for calibration on an old gravity net, to 10−4, for a high amplitude absolute base line, this accuracy will be generally sufficient for microgravity surveys.Continuous gravity recordings of Scintrex gravimeters, installed at the same stable site, enabled the estimation of the stability and accuracy of the instruments and revealed that some of the time variations of g measurements, such as instrumental drift, tidal effects and seismic noise, are not entirely removed by standard processing procedures. The accuracy of corrected gravity measurements is mainly limited by inadequate corrections of tidal effects and by a poor estimation of ocean loading effects. In comparison with residual defaults in tidal corrections, instrumental and seismic noises are taken more properly into account by statistical data processing.In field operation, residual tidal effects are generally integrated into an experimental terrain drift estimated on the basis of frequent repeated measurements. A differential gravity approach, based on a fixed gravimeter reference whose recordings are used to correct measurements made with a mobile gravimeter, has also been investigated at a test site. Compared to standard processing, this method can help improve repeatability of gravity measurements.Microgravity surveys in the urban environment require effective and accurate consideration of the effects of infrastructures, nearby buildings and basements, as well as those of topography, in the vicinity of a gravity station. Correction procedures, applied at the same experimental site, where gravity points are located close to buildings, walls and basement slope, appear to have almost totally eliminated these disturbances. 相似文献
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中国计量科学研究院于1983年开始设计研究中国第二代可移式激光绝对重力仪（NIM-Ⅱ型）,1985年完成实验装置,并参加在法国巴黎举行的第二次国际绝对重力仪比对活动,1987年完成全部研究工作计划.本文较详细地阐述了近4年来在全国大面积实施绝对重力观测的结果.尤其在北京香山地震台,为了探索微重力观测研究,已建立了4个绝对重力点,开展了重力纵向垂直梯度、横向水平点位差及随时间变化的绝对重力观测研究.多年来为地震研究、地球物理研究及测绘、计量、国防等部门积累了一批绝对观测数据资料.这些基础性观测工作,对今后研究重力的非潮汐变化也有重要的意义. 相似文献
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A network of gravity of control bases located at most of the airports and airfields in Nigeria has been established as a means of controlling future gravimetric studies in Nigeriaand of integrating existing gravity surveys into a unified whole for the purpose of producing gravity anomaly maps for the country. The network will also provide a means of checking and adjusting gravimeter calibration differences to a common standard.The LaCoste and Romberg gravimeters, models G446, G464 and G468, used for the observations were transported between the base stations by means of a six-seater fixed-wing aircraft. The scale adopted of the network was the same as that of gravimeter G464 to which the other two meters were referenced. The absolute gravity values observed ranged from 978184.882 ± 0.014 mGal at Nguru to 977844.379 ± 0.020 mGal at Jos, yielding a gravity range of 340.503 mGal. The accuracy of the individual absolute gravity value is better than 0.030 mGal using a datum value of 978120.933 mGal for site 103401 estlished at the Kano International Airport. The 34 observation sites are illustrated with sufficient detail to permit reoccupation within 0.50 m to 1.0 m. 相似文献
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International tidal gravity reference values at Wuhan station 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
The international tidal gravity reference values at Wuhan station are determined accurately based on the comprehensive analysis
of the tidal gravity observations obtained from 8 instruments. By comparing these with those in the tidal models given by
Dehant (1997) while considering simultaneously (i) the global satellite altimeters tidal data, and (ii) the Schwiderski global
tidal data and the local ones along the coast of China, it is found that the average discrepancy of the amplitude factors
and of the phase differences for four main waves are given as 5.2% and 3.6% and as 0.16° and 0.08° respectively. They are
improved evidently compared to those determined in early stage, indicating the important procedures in improving the Wuhan
international tidal gravity reference values when including the long-series observations obtained with a superconducting gravimeter,
and when considering the influence of the ocean loading and of the nearly daily free wobble of the Earth’s core. 相似文献
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The synthetic tidal parameters with high spatial resolution for gravity over China and its neighbor area are con- structed with Earth’s tidal model and ocean tide loading calculated using TPXO7 global ocean tide model as well as tidal data over China seas. The comparison between synthetic parameters and ones observed by spring gravime- ters at some seismic network stations and Hong Kong station and one observed by super-conducting gravimeter at Wuhan station shows that the average differences in amplitude factors and phases are smaller than 0.005 and 0.5° respectively; and that the discrepancies between observational and synthetic parameters are dependent on gravim- etric technique in that the synthetic parameters are in well agreement with the superconducting gravimetric obser- vations. This also indicates that the synthetic result is a good estimation for tidal gravity, and the numerical results in the present paper not only can provide ground and space gravimetry such as absolute gravimetry with correction model of tidal gravity, but also provide effective tidal parameters over areas where no observation is carried out. 相似文献