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1.
U型块石路基结构对多年冻土的降温作用   总被引:8,自引:6,他引:2  
通过对比北麓河试验段U型块石路基结构和普通路基下部土体温度监测研究,U型块石路基显著地抬升路基下部多年冻土上限,具有较强的降低多年冻土温度的作用.2005—2007年间,U型块石路基下多年冻土上限平均抬升幅度达0.9~1.4 m.路基中心下部0.5 m深土体温度降温幅度达1.13℃,原天然上限附近土体温度降温达1.28℃,5 m深的多年冻土降温幅度达0.77℃,且U型块石路基下部土体温度呈现逐年降低的趋势.然而,普通路基下部土体温度远比U型块石路基下部要高,2005年普通路基下部0.5 m深土体年平均温度比U型块石路基高1~3℃,1.5 m处高0.8~1.9℃,5 m处高1.2~1.5℃.同时,U型块石路基下部多年冻土上限抬升比普通路基大,2004—2006年间U型块石路基左路肩下多年冻土上限抬升比普通路基大0.86 m,路基中心大0.5 m.  相似文献   

2.
风积沙对青藏铁路块碎石路基降温效果的影响   总被引:4,自引:4,他引:0  
风沙危害正在威胁着青藏铁路的安全营运. 通过数值方法研究了风积沙填堵和覆盖青藏铁路块碎石路基后, 块碎石层降温机理以及降温效果的变化特征. 结果表明:开放条件下块石路基具有较强的强迫对流效应; 风积沙填堵后, 块碎石层降温效果减弱. 封闭条件下, 冷季路基坡脚处自然对流较强, 冻土上限抬升; 路基内部自然对流较弱, 由于路基填土作用, 路基中心处冻土上限抬升较大, 但随时间增长而降低; 沙层覆盖后, 块碎石层降温效果减弱, 路基下部冻土上限下降. 在气候变暖背景条件下, 封闭块碎石层自然对流减弱, 冻土上限下降, 不利于冻土路基的热稳定. 因此, 建议对沙害路段的块碎石路基采取补强措施.  相似文献   

3.
青藏铁路碎石护坡-热管复合措施的补强效果研究   总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1  
青藏铁路高温冻土区的普通路基和保温材料路基均处于热不稳定状态, 需要对它们增设碎石护坡-热管复合措施来强化处理, 新增设的补强措施对路基下部冻土的保护效果如何是人们极为关心的问题. 因此, 对北麓河高温高含冰量路段增设了碎石护坡及热管的复合补强措施后路基下部土体的热状态进行观测.结果显示:普通路基在增设补强措施后, 人为冻土上限进一步抬升, 阴阳坡下均出现显著的降温趋势, 且路基下温度场逐渐趋于对称, 降温范围逐渐向路基中心及深部发展, 路堤中心深部地温仍处于增温状态, 但增温趋势明显缓减; 保温材料路基在增设补强措施后, 人为冻土上限也进一步的抬升至保温板附近, 融化夹层在2个冻融周期后消失, 路堤中心温度在2个冻融周期后出现了降温趋势. 这些效果说明, 补强措施在调控路基内部及下部多年冻土温度时发挥了积极作用.  相似文献   

4.
青藏铁路块石气冷结构路堤下冻土温度场变化分析   总被引:18,自引:7,他引:11  
马巍  吴青柏  程国栋 《冰川冻土》2006,28(4):586-595
基于青藏铁路沿线多年冻土区温度监测断面,选取了不同冻土分区中的8个块石路堤结构(块石路基、块石护坡、块石路基加块石护坡)断面,对其下温度场的变化分析研究.结果表明:经过2~3个冻融循环后,块石结构路堤下冻土上限已抬升了1.4~5.3 m,说明块石路堤结构已起到了积极调节下伏冻土温度的作用.结果也显示,在上限抬升的同时,其下部的冻土地温也在升高,但是这种过程已逐渐被块石路堤结构的降温所抑制,而这种抑制程度受控于不同的冻土区域.在不同的冻土分区中,无论是何种形式的块石路堤结构,其降温趋势是不同的.Ⅳ和Ⅲ冻土区块石路堤基底的负温积累比较明显,而I和Ⅱ区的较弱.  相似文献   

5.
封闭块碎石层最佳降温粒径的室内试验研究   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0  
对不同粒径块碎石层在封闭条件下的降温效果进行了系列室内试验研究,试验中块碎石层厚度为1.3 m,采用的4种块碎石平均粒径分别为8.3 cm、14.8 cm、22.1 cm和27.1 cm.结果表明:在顶部温度(平均温度为正)周期波动条件下,4种粒径块碎石层均有一定的降温效果,但平均粒径为22.1 cm的块碎石层降温效果最好.经综合分析确定,封闭块碎石层在本试验条件下的最优降温粒径范围为20~30 cm.在全球升温与人类工程活动的背景下,即使路基表面平均温度升为正,只要合理利用块碎石层的降温特性,就可以达到有效保护其下部多年冻土的目的.  相似文献   

6.
青藏铁路块石路基冷却降温效果对比分析   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
穆彦虎  马巍  孙志忠  刘永智 《岩土力学》2010,31(Z1):284-292
基于现场地温监测数据,对青藏铁路两种主要块石路基(块石护坡及U型块石路基)在不同年平均地温分区的冷却降温效果进行对比分析,发现不论是在低温基本稳定区(年平均温度-2.0 ℃≤TCP<-1.0 ℃)还是高温极不稳定区(TCP>-0.5 ℃),两种块石路基的应用都能够有效地提升路基下部多年冻土上限。但两种不同块石结构路基表现出不同的冷却降温效果,其中U型块石路基冷却降温效果较好,在路基下多年冻土上限提升及下伏浅层多年冻土降温的同时,深层多年冻土温度保持稳定;而块石护坡路基下人为多年冻土上限的提升及浅层多年冻土温度的降低一定程度上消耗了下伏深层多年冻土的冷量,从而导致其温度有所升高。同时,在不同的年平均地温分区块石路基表现出不同的冷却降温效果:年平均地温较低断面,块石路基冷却降温效果显著。在年平均地温较高的断面,尤其是高温极不稳定多年冻土区,块石护坡路基下伏深层多年冻土温度升高明显,路基长期稳定性难以得到保证。  相似文献   

7.
路面类型对多年冻土区片块石路基热状态的影响   总被引:3,自引:2,他引:1  
王青志  房建宏  晁刚  薛兆锋 《冰川冻土》2019,41(5):1087-1097
为了研究不同路面类型对高温多年冻土区路基的热稳定性的影响,基于温度监测数据,针对沥青混凝土路面和水泥混凝土路面下片块石路基温度、热流密度、热收支变化、冻融循环过程及冻土上限变化进行了详细的分析。发现沥青混凝土路面和水泥混凝土路面都对片块石路基的温度有较大的影响,但沥青混凝土路面影响程度和深度远比水泥混凝土路面大。片块石路基中心热收支量呈上升趋势,沥青混凝土路面下其上升速率大于水泥混凝土路面,且路基阳坡热收支量大于阴坡。无论路面材料为沥青混凝土路面还是水泥混凝土路面,片块石路基阴阳坡路肩冻土仍处于不断退化阶段,而阳坡冻土上限下降速率明显大于阴坡。与普通路基相比,片块石层的存在能大幅度抬升或减缓路基冻土上限下降,且浅色水泥混凝土路面更有利于路基的热稳定性。  相似文献   

8.
块石层与碎石层降温效果室内试验研究   总被引:23,自引:11,他引:23  
多年冻土区道路病害主要是由路基下多年冻土融化下沉引起,降低路基土体温度、保护冻土是连续多年冻土区的主要建筑原则.通过室内试验研究了在边界温度周期性波动及一定风速条件下块石层和碎石层的降温效果.结果表明:在负温及正温期结束时,块石层中温度沿深度方向是单调变化的,而在碎石层中是非单调变化的;正温结束时,块石层孔隙中的空气温度比块石表面温度低;一定厚度的块石层和碎石层均具有明显的降温效果,在相同边界条件下,平均粒径约7cm的碎石层的降温效果比平均粒径约为22cm的块石层好。因此,选择降温层的最佳粒径及厚度对实际工程具有重要意义。  相似文献   

9.
青藏高原多年冻土区碎石护坡降温作用及效果分析   总被引:6,自引:3,他引:3  
孙志忠  马巍  李东庆 《冰川冻土》2007,29(2):292-298
基于青藏高原北麓河多年冻土区碎石护坡路基与普通路基温度监测资料分析,结果表明:碎石层的铺设具有减小坡面年平均温度及坡面温度年较差的作用;与普通路基相比,碎石护坡在暖季主要起到隔热作用,但在冷季主要存在不利于路基散热的弊病.从路基人为冻土上限抬升状况、温度降低程度和路基变形量的差异来看,碎石护坡路基较普通路基有利于冻土路基的热稳定性.但碎石护坡调节路基内部温度场是一个长期过程,即坡面温度对多年冻土温度的影响具有滞后性,若作为青藏铁路多年冻土区补强措施使用时应慎重.  相似文献   

10.
《岩土力学》2017,(11):3304-3310
U型块石路基作为块石护坡与块石基底两种结构路基的组合,同时也作为青藏铁路的一种主要补强措施,其在高温冻土区的长期降温效果备受关注。基于长期的现场监测资料,对青藏铁路楚玛尔河高温冻土区一处U型块石路基的长期降温过程、降温机制以及变形特征进行了研究。结果表明:U型块石路基表现出持续稳定的降温效果,路基下部多年冻土上限附近降温明显,上限抬升迅速,且进入稳定状态。基底块石层底、顶板温差存在明显冷暖季差异。阴坡侧块石层每年1月至3月初为相对强烈自然对流期,阳坡侧相对缩短半个月时间。受工程热扰动影响,深层的多年冻土在经历2~3年升温过程后,呈现显著的降温过程。路基变形整体表现为较小的沉降量,变形主要来源于早期路基下部高温冻土层的压缩变形。总之,U型块石路基在高温冻土区表现出长期有效的降温效果,变形量有限且已趋于稳定,路基整体稳定性可以得到保证。  相似文献   

11.
Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.  相似文献   

12.
Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414.  相似文献   

13.
Robert L. Linnen   《Lithos》2005,80(1-4):267-280
The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H2O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H2O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.  相似文献   

14.
15.
Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ1 roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003).  相似文献   

16.
正20141520 Bo Ying(Key Laboratory of Metallogeny and Mineral Assessment,MLR,Beijing 100037,China);Liu Chenglin Saline Spring Hydrochemical Characteristics and Indicators for Potassium Exploration in Southwestern and Northern Tarim Basin,Xinjiang(Acta Geoscientica Sinica,ISSN1006-3021,CN11-3474/P,34(5),2013,p.594-602,5 illus.,3 tables,28 refs.)  相似文献   

17.
正20141243Chen Ge(Hangzhou Research Institute of Petroleum Geology,PetroChina,Hangzhou 310023,China);Si Chunsong Study on Sedimentary Numerical Simulation Method of Fan Delta Sand Body(Journal of Geology,  相似文献   

18.
正20142599Chen Sanming(Guangxi Key Laboratory of Concealed Deposits Exploration,Guilin University of Technology,Guilin541004,China);He Yuzhou Block Model and Reserves Estimation of Panzhihua Iron Deposit Based on 3D Geological Modeling(Journal of Guilin University of Technology,ISSN1674-9057,CN45-1375/N,33(4),2013,p.610-615,9illus.,1table,15refs.)  相似文献   

19.
正20140594 Bai Daoyuan(Hunan Institute of Geology Survey,Changsha 410016,China);Zhong Xiang Faults in the Jingzhou Basin and Their Tectonic Settings(Geotectonica et Metallogenia,ISSN1001-1552,CN44-1595/P,37(2),2013,p.173-183,6illus.,59refs.)Key words:basin evolution,tectonic setting,South China In the Upper Paleozoic and Jurassic se-  相似文献   

20.
正20141912Cao Hui(State Key Laboratory for Continental Tectonics and Dynamics,Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing 100037,China)Gravitational Collapse and Folding during Orogenesis:A Comparative Study of FIA Trends and Fold Axial Plane Traces(Geology in China,ISSN1000-3657,CN11-1167/P,40(6),2013,p.1818-1828,9illus.,35refs.,with  相似文献   

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