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1.
INTRODUCTIONThestudyofhigh-pressure(HP)andultrahigh-pressure(UHP)metamorphicrocksisoneofthemajorhottopicsinthesolidearthscien...  相似文献   

2.
超高压变质岩的折返过程是陆陆碰撞边界演化的关键问题。南倾的花凉亭-弥陀剪切带位于南大别低温-超高压变质 带和中大别中温-超高压变质带之间,矿物拉伸线理倾伏向为SE,逆冲和走滑分量大致相等。电子背散射衍射分析表明: 花凉亭-弥陀剪切带大多数样品的石英组构记录了上盘向NW的剪切变形,反映了中大别超高压变质岩向SE的快速折返, 而部分样品的石英具有上盘向SE的剪切指向,与早白垩世花岗岩穹隆发育导致的区域伸展有关。对前人的岩石学和年代学 成果进行总结,发现大别山进变质和超高压变质峰期/退变质的锆石U-Pb年龄从南往北逐渐变新,南大别和中大别在215~ 225 Ma同时经历了高压榴辉岩相退变质作用,在191~195 Ma经历了绿片岩相变质作用。超高压变质岩的白云母和黑云母的 40Ar/39Ar年龄靠近郯庐断裂时偏年轻,可能受到郯庐断裂活动的影响。南大别和中大别变质峰期温压的等值线与花凉亭-弥 陀剪切带的走向斜交,反映了超高压变质岩的斜向折返。因此,南大别低温-超高压变质带在~236 Ma最先开始折返,之后 中大别和北大别依次发生快速折返,具有不同折返速率和折返角度的构造岩片通过韧性剪切带调节相对运动。  相似文献   

3.
郭磊  李建波  童英  王涛  莫南  曾涛  焦永艳 《地质通报》2015,34(12):2195-2202
内蒙古宝德尔穹隆是发育在苏尼特左旗中蒙边境地区的不对称同构造伸展穹隆。该穹隆由内向外由核部早白垩世花岗岩、边缘韧性剪切带和脆性拆离断层组成,上盘为未变形的早二叠世花岗闪长岩、泥盆系片岩和早白垩世盆地,韧性剪切带和拆离断层仅发育在穹隆西南部。区域构造解析和显微构造分析表明,岩体侵位和韧性剪切带形成于同一构造应力场,指示上盘统一向NW方向剪切,变形程度由未变形的岩体核部向外侧逐渐增强,面理的形成与岩体的侵位和隆升过程密切相关。因此,该穹隆和东北亚其他岩浆穹隆相似,是不对称的花岗岩穹隆,反映了区域伸展拆离环境下侵位的同构造花岗岩穹隆的特点。  相似文献   

4.
辽东半岛广泛分布变质核杂岩构造,作为华北克拉通破坏的浅部响应,具有重要的构造演化研究意义.新房变质核杂岩是近年来新发现的伸展构造单元,具备典型的三层结构:上盘主要包括新元古代-古生代弱变形沉积岩层和早白垩世庄河断陷盆地,下盘包括新太古代变质基底和同构造中生代花岗质侵入岩体,二者接触部位为拆离断层带.野外宏观运动学及显微构造特征明显,均指示上盘具由SEE向NWW的运动学特征,与太平洋板块早白垩世早-中期运动方向相吻合.本次工作通过锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb同位素及常量、稀土和微量元素测试,将新房变质核杂岩的形成时代大致限定于早白垩世早期(123~125 Ma),并进一步明确为华北克拉通破坏事件的早期产物.该变质核杂岩控制了区内新房大型金矿的生成,在辽东半岛变质核杂岩控矿、成矿较差的现状下,研究意义较大.   相似文献   

5.
大别造山带东段扬子陆块和华北陆块间缝合带的位置   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
大别山为扬子陆块和华北陆块之间的碰撞造山带.构造-岩石单元的岩石组成、同位素年代学资料和构造关系表明, 大别山东段主要由扬子陆块北缘不同变质程度的变质基底和少量浅变质盖层组成, 没有代表蛇绿混杂岩和华北陆块南缘古生代活动大陆边缘的火山-侵入岩建造.各主要构造-岩石单元间的界线为超高压变质岩折返过程中形成的伸展型剪切带, 大别山北部的伸展-逆冲推覆构造也是超高压变质岩折返过程中伸展构造的一部分, 其中不存在具有缝合带意义的重要构造界线.因此, 在大别山东段, 华北陆块和扬子陆块间的缝合带既不是水吼-五河剪切带, 也不是磨子潭-晓天断裂.根据地球物理资料推测, 南北陆块间的缝合带应分布在信阳-舒城断裂的前缘, 但现在覆于合肥盆地中新生代沉积之下.   相似文献   

6.
Pb Isotope Mapping in the Tongbai-Dabie Orogenic Belt, Central China   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
Tongbai-Dabie orogenic belt in Central China is a part of the collisional belt between the Yangtze and North China cratons. It represents one of the most extensive ultrahigh-pressure (UHP) and high-pressure (HP) metamorphic rocks in the world. The Pb isotope mapping in this area is a significant method to constrain the crustal structure and tectonic evolution and to identify the tectonic boundaries within the vertical tectonic stack. Based on the Pb isotope compositions of the Dabie complex (DBC), the Tongbai complex (TBC), UHP and HP metamorphic rocks and associated foliated granites, the lower metamorphosed rocks from North Huaiyang (NHY) tectonic belt, and Cretaceous granites in the Tongbai-Dabie orogenic belt, we determined the Pb isotope geochemical map of the Tongbai-Dabie orogenic belt. The Pb isotope map shows that the Pb isotope compositions are similar within each geological body or lithotectonic unit, but the Pb isotope compositions of different lithotectonic units show systematic variations in the Tongbai-Dabie orogenic belt. The NHY tectonic belt contrasts strongly with the Tongbai-Dabie UHP.HP metamorphic belt in Pb isotope compositions. It is suggested that the line along the Xiaotian-Mozitan fault, the north limit of the Tongbai-Dabie UHP and HP metamorphic rocks, represents an important tectonic boundary. Within the Tongbai-Dabie HP -UHP metamorphic belt, to the south of Xiaotian-Mozitan fault, the vertical variations of Pb isotope compositions in different lithotectonic units and the spatial relationship among different major lithotectonic units have been constrained.  相似文献   

7.
俯冲隧道是俯冲板片与上覆板块之间的剪切带,也是高压—超高压变质岩折返和深部流/熔体活动的通道。大别山超高压变质岩分布广泛,变形程度差异很大,是研究大陆俯冲隧道中岩石变质- 变形过程的理想地区。本文系统总结了前人对中大别双河地区超高压变质岩的岩石学和年代学研究成果,在双河地区开展了地质填图、应变分析和三维构造重建。通过将超高压变质岩的变形特征与P- T- t轨迹结合,识别出超高压变质岩折返过程中的三期韧性变形。在双河北部发现了一个上盘向NW剪切的千米尺度的榴辉岩相鞘褶皱,枢纽向SE倾伏,倾伏角约20°,与榴辉岩、片岩和长英质片麻岩的拉伸线理平行,表明超高压变质岩初始折返阶段的流体活动使榴辉岩的强度显著降低,榴辉岩与围岩一起发生韧性变形。该期变形被角闪岩相退变质阶段上盘向NW的剪切叠加,此时应变集中于片麻岩、片岩、大理岩等非能干层,强度较高的榴辉岩成为构造透镜体。而绿片岩相变质阶段上盘向SE方向的剪切与早白垩世北大别花岗片麻岩穹隆的形成有关。对双河南部弱变形花岗片麻岩的锆石U- Pb定年揭示了757±14 Ma的原岩年龄和 240~216 Ma的变质年龄,与双河北部含柯石英强变形花岗片麻岩类似,暗示其也经历了三叠纪超高压变质作用及随后的角闪岩相退变质作用。通过计算长英质片麻岩的有效黏度,发现无水碱长花岗片麻岩的有效黏度高于黑云斜长片麻岩,折返阶段的流体活动使超高压变质岩的强度显著降低,当局部的流体活动不足以弱化碱长花岗岩体时,应变集中于黑云斜长片麻岩。因此,大陆俯冲隧道中的应变分布受矿物组成、流体活动和岩体规模的共同影响。  相似文献   

8.
大别山北部榴辉岩及英云闪长质片麻岩的锆石U-Pb年龄分析表明:北部榴辉岩相峰期变质时代为226~230Ma左右;北部塔儿河一带英云闪长质片麻岩经历过印支期变质事件;大别山北部与南部超高压岩石中一致的(226~230Ma)高压或超高压变质年龄表明,北部镁铁-超镁铁质岩带中部分岩石也曾作为扬子俯冲陆壳的一部分,在印支期发生过高压或超高压变质作用;本区锆石发生过两期变质增生事件,一是印支期高压或超高压变质,另一期是燕山期热变质事件;榴辉岩及英云闪长质片麻岩的原岩形成时代为晚元古代;锆石U-Pb年龄可用多期变质增生模型来解释。  相似文献   

9.
INTRODUCTIONOverthelasttwodecadesconsiderableadvanceshavebeenmadetowardsrecognizingandunderstandingthetectonicsignificanceofd...  相似文献   

10.
桐柏地区高压变质地体在地壳中的抬升机制   总被引:9,自引:7,他引:2  
崔建军  胡健民  刘晓春 《岩石学报》2009,25(9):2165-2176
桐柏杂岩位于秦岭与大别造山带之间,南北两侧为NWW-SEE向延伸的含榴辉岩高压变质地体,其构造就位过程及其与高压变质地体的构造关系为地质学家们所关注.本文研究表明,所谓的桐柏杂岩实际上是一个早白垩世花岗质片麻岩杂岩体,其内包裹一定数量的三叠纪中高级变质岩石.桐柏杂岩南北两条边界韧性剪切带具有相反的运动学指向,分别为大型右行和左行韧性剪切带,其形成时代为131Ma.这两条韧性剪切带中的剪切面理分别朝SSW和NNE向倾斜,韧性剪切带及杂岩体内部发育的拉伸线理均稳定地朝SEE方向缓倾伏.而在杂岩体的东端发育低角度近南北向韧性剪切变形带,其糜棱面理朝SEE方向低角度缓倾斜,矿物拉伸线理也朝SEE方向低角度缓倾伏,运动学标志指示东侧地质体朝295°~310°的方向逆冲.因此,桐柏杂岩实际上被一个顺造山带的韧性剪切带所围限,这个韧性剪切带及杂岩体内部韧性变形运动学指示了一个早白垩世由东向西的低角度抬升过程,而这一过程直接导致了含榴辉岩高压变质地体沿着造山带的方向从地壳深部抬升到近地表.这一研究结果对理解和认识桐柏-大别-苏鲁地区高压一超高压变质地体的晚期抬升过程具有重要意义.  相似文献   

11.
张八岭隆起广泛分布的平缓韧性剪切带与郯庐断裂带平移作用形成的陡立韧性剪切带明显不同。通过对平缓韧性剪切带的几何学、运动学分析,结合早白垩世盆地特征、中国东部变质核杂岩伸展拆离断层和同构造岩浆岩同位素定年结果,厘定出张八岭隆起早白垩世变质核杂岩。该变质核杂岩上盘由南华纪-奥陶纪沉积地层和早白垩世盆地组成,下盘为新元古代浅变质碎屑沉积岩、变海相火山岩(基底)以及早白垩世侵入岩,上下盘之间被一条主伸展拆离断层所分隔。变质核杂岩长轴为NE-SW向,指示构造反映上盘向SE剪切滑动,与中国东部变质核杂岩的伸展方向完全一致。通过本次变质核杂岩的厘定,结合野外地质事实,笔者认为管店-马厂断裂是郯庐断裂带的次级断裂,是对郯庐断裂带早白垩世末第三次左行平移的响应。在综合研究的基础上,建立了区域构造-岩浆-成矿关系模型,揭示了张八岭隆起早白垩世经历了早期伸展(变质核杂岩阶段)-挤压走滑(管店-马厂断裂形成阶段)-晚期伸展(闪长质脉岩侵位阶段)3个构造阶段,多期构造、岩浆的叠加作用下,形成了本区的金多金属矿产。  相似文献   

12.
通过对郯庐断裂带南段桐城地区高压-超高压变质带详细的岩石学和构造学研究,将研究区从空间结构上划分为三个构造单元:上部低温-高压单元、中部中温-高压单元和下部超高压单元。根据研究区多期构造变形分析,共识别出了五期有区域构造地质学含义的事件(D_1-D_5):D_1代表高压-超高压变质岩中-晚三叠世同碰撞早期折返过程;D_2表征了高压-超高压变质岩晚三叠世同碰撞晚期折返过程;D_3记录了早白垩世中大别变质核杂岩的形成,也即整个中国东部晚中生代大规模伸展构造在研究区的表现;D_4可能标志着郯庐断裂走滑构造对高压-超高压造山带的叠加;D_5表现为脆性正断作用,控制了晚白垩世-古近纪潜山半地堑盆地的形成。这些结果表明了研究区所经历构造演化的复杂性,其构造几何形态很难用郯庐断裂左行平移南大别超高压变质岩来解释,也不支持桐城地区存在巨大走滑作用的证据。  相似文献   

13.
INTRODUCTION TheDabieMountainsareacollisionalorogenbe tweentheSouthandNorthChinablocks.Theageof theultrahighpressuremetamorphism(Hackeretal., 1998;Rowleyetal.,1997;Amesetal.,1993;Liet al.,1993)andthelateststratainvolvedintheforeland fold thrustbelt(Xueta…  相似文献   

14.
桐柏-大别山区高压变质相的构造配置   总被引:18,自引:3,他引:15  
作为华北和扬子陆块间的碰撞造山带桐柏大别山区以发育高压、超高压变质带为特征,从南到北变质相从低级到高级,代表俯冲带深度不同的变质产物,整体形成高压变质相系列。不过现今各变质相岩石的分布极受后期地壳规模的伸展构造控制,大别杂岩的穹隆作用更使高压变质相带的空间分布复杂化。超高压变质岩今日多呈大小不等的块体嵌布于相对低压的大别杂岩之内,造山带根部物质的热软化,使许多深层地幔物质得以像挤牙膏一样挤出于大别杂岩内。它们之中广泛发育着减压退变质的显微结构,与大别杂岩内一些麻粒岩相表壳岩所保存的减压退变质证迹一样,同是挤出作用和碰撞后隆升的构造证迹。高压相系的发育使南桐柏山和大别山迥然不同于桐商( 商丹) 断裂以北的北秦岭北淮阳变质带。新近发表的同位素年代学(40Ar 39 Ar) 资料:316 ~434 Ma ,已证明北秦岭是古生代变质带,它与桐柏- 大别印支期碰撞造山带差异甚大。这两个变质地温梯度差异甚大的变质地体的拼合,说明华北和扬子陆块碰撞的主缝合带是商丹- 桐商断裂带  相似文献   

15.
大别造山带变质岩和花岗岩的钕同位素组成及其地质意义   总被引:21,自引:7,他引:21  
谢智  陈江峰 《岩石学报》1996,12(3):401-408
大别造山带8个变质岩和4个花岗岩样品的Sm-Nd分析结果表明,大别地块不同构造单元的岩石有不同的钕同位素模式年龄。总体上,北大别地块变质岩的钕模式年龄较老;南大别超高压地块的较年轻,但变化范围大。侵人于大别地块不同构造单元的花岗岩与北大别地块变质岩有相同的Nd(122Ma)值范围,表明它们有相似的物质来源。南大别地块是覆盖在具有古老物源的变质岩之上的一个构造岩片。  相似文献   

16.
大别山晚中生代剪切带特征及年代学制约   总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7       下载免费PDF全文
侯泉林  刘庆  李俊  张宏远 《地质科学》2007,42(1):114-123
大别山的主要剪切带晚中生代时发生伸展拆离,整个构造体系以北大别变质杂岩为核心分为北部伸展构造体系和南部伸展构造体系。北部伸展体系中的晓天—磨子潭剪切带向北北东拆离;南部伸展体系中,水吼—五河剪切带和太湖—马庙剪切带向南南东拆离,而宿松—清水河剪切带则向南西拆离。系统的岩石有限应变测量分析显示:晓天—磨子潭剪切带的剪切位移量至少为56km,宿松—清水河剪切带的剪切距离至少为12km。在南部伸展体系中,福林参数K值从北到南的变化指示从纯剪切逐渐过渡到简单剪切,显示了北大别的岩浆侵入作用在南部伸展拆离体系中的主动作用。对大别山的4条剪切带中黑云母、白云母和角闪石的40Ar-39Ar同位素年代学分析表明,存在两组变形年龄,较早的一组年龄(约190Ma±)可能代表了造山带形成过程中超高压变质岩冷却和折返的时间;较晚的一组年龄(约125Ma±)则可能代表了碰撞造山带作用之后的伸展拆离作用的时间。应变测量分析、年代学分析和铂族元素的特征均表明北大别杂岩中的岩浆侵入作用是大别山晚中生代伸展拆离作用的主要诱因。  相似文献   

17.
大别-苏鲁构造带三叠纪碰撞缝合线的位置   总被引:17,自引:2,他引:15       下载免费PDF全文
索书田  钟增球 《地球科学》2000,25(2):111-116
大别-苏鲁构造带内超高压(UHP)和高压(HP)变质岩石的分布和不同构造岩石单位间的关系表明, 三叠纪中朝与扬子克拉通碰撞及超高压和高压变质岩石形成时的古缝合线, 位于大别地块的北缘, 沿八里畈-磨子潭-晓天一线展布, 在苏鲁地区, 五莲-烟台断裂代表被强烈改造了的古缝合线的位置.大别山北部霍山县与岳西县交界地区以及舒城、桐城和潜山县交界地区UHP和HP单位岩石的大面积分布, 说明水吼-五河断裂不是UHP和HP榴辉岩相岩石的北限, 因而, 不代表缝合线位置, “南大别”与“北大别”地体的划分地质意义是不明确的.同时, 大别山北部的镁铁质及超镁铁质岩石块体群, 包括变形的方辉橄榄岩、纯橄榄岩组合及未变形的辉石岩、角闪辉石岩和辉长岩组合, 前者与榴辉岩相岩石有相同的变形变质及几何学特征, 后者是燕山期侵入体(123~130Ma), 因此, 不是“变质蛇绿混杂岩”, 也不代表三叠纪陆-陆碰撞时期古缝合线.强调指出, 准确地鉴别三叠纪碰撞缝合线位置, 是正确理解UHP和HP岩石形成及折返动力学过程的关键.   相似文献   

18.
The present constitution and architecture of the Dabieshan orogenic belt is the combined result of Triassic subduction collision, extensional tectonics postdating the HP and UHP metamorphism, and thermo-tectonic evolution in Mesozoic-Cenozoic time. In addition to Yanshanian and post-Yan-shanian magmatic intrusion, volcanic eruption, and basin deposition, lithotectonic constituents of the Dabie orogenic belt consist mainly of a core complex (CC) unit, an UHP unit, an HP unit, an epidote-blueschist (EBS) unit, and a sedimentary cover (SC) unit. Minor mafic-ultramafic plutons were intruded into or preserved within the CC, UHP, HP, or EBS units. Slices of UHP, HP, and EBS units are progressively sandwiched between the underlying core complex and the overlying sedimentary cover. The distribution of lithotectonic units is controlled by an extensional tectonic framework, which postdates the collisional event. The tectonic pattern of the Dabieshan orogenic belt as a whole is characterized by a general doming, with the development of multi-layered detachment zones.

The study of partial melting associated with decompressive retrogression in the UHP unit during exhumation of the eclogites provides us with a better understanding of the relationship between eclogites and the surrounding country rock (socalled UHP gneisses), and the foliated garnet-bearing granites (the non-HP country rocks). It supports the “in situ” interpretation. Anatexis occurred under conditions of amphibolite-facies metamorphism at lower to middle crustal levels. This partial melting associated with decompression is one of the most important physico-chemical processes that postdate the collisional event in the Dabieshan. It signaled the evolution of the deformation regime from compression to extension, and reflected thinning of the continental crust and rapid uplift of UHP metamorphic rocks to middle to lower crustal levels by regional-scale extension.  相似文献   

19.
In the Central Orogenic Belt, China, two UHP metamorphic belts are discriminated mainly based on a detailed structural analysis of the Kanfenggou UHP metamorphic fragment exposed in the eastern Qinling orogen, and together with previous regional structural, petrological and geochronological data at the scale of the orogenic domain. The first one corresponds to the South Altun-North QaidamNorth Qinling UHP metarnorphic belt. The other is the Dabie-Sulu UHP and HP metamorphic belts. The two UHP metamorphic belts are separated by a series of tectonic slices composed by the Qiniing rock group, Danfeng rock group and Liuling or Foziling rock group etc. respectively, and are different in age of the peak UHP metamorphism and geodynamic implications for continental deep subduction and collision. Regional field and petrological relationships suggest that the Kanfenggou UHP metamorphic fragment that contains a large volume of the coesite- and microdiamond-bearing eclogite lenses is compatible with the structures recognized in the South Altun and North Qaidam UHP metamorphic fragments exposed in the western part of China, thereby forming a large UHP metamorphic belt up to 1000 km long along the orogen strike. This UHP metamorphic belt represents an intercontinental deep subduction and collision belt between the Yangtze and Sino-Korean cratons, occurred during the Paleozoic. On the other hand, the well-constrained Dabie-Sulu UHP and HP metamorphic belts occurred mainly during Triassic time (250-220 Ma), and were produced by the intracontinental deep subduction and collision within the Yangtze craton. The Kanfenggou UHP metamorphic fragment does not appear to link with the DabieSulu UHP and HP metamorphic belts along the orogen. There is no reason to assume the two UHP metamorphic belts as a single giant deep subduction and collision zone in the Central Orogenic Belt situated between the Yangtze and Sino-Korean cratons. Therefore, any dynamic model for the orogen must ac-count for the development of UHP metarnorphic rocks belonging to the separate two tectonic belts of different age and tectono-metamorphic history.  相似文献   

20.
The occurrence of ultra high pressure (UHP) and high pressure (HP) relicts associated with oceanic material suggests the presence of a suture zone within the Rhodope Massif. Characterisation of the accreted igneous terranes and their relationship with the UHP/eclogite occurrences provide new constraints on the location of this suture. Single-zircon evaporation and sensitive high-resolution ion microprobe dating of orthogneiss protoliths define two groups of intrusion ages: Permo-Carboniferous and Late Jurassic–Early Cretaceous. Structurally, the Late Jurassic gneissic complex overthrust a unit with Permo-Carboniferous orthogneisses. A “melange zone” marked by mylonites, eclogites, amphibolites, and UHP micaschists separates these two units. We interpret these observations in terms of two distinct igneous terranes, the Thracia (Permo-Carboniferous) and Rhodope (Late Jurassic) terranes, separated by the Nestos suture, and assembled during the closure of an oceanic basin of the Tethys. Geochemically, the Late-Jurassic rocks are akin to subduction magmatism, possibly the same subduction that caused the UHP metamorphism of metasediments within the “melange zone”. Observed UHP–HP relicts are restricted to the tectonic contact zone, suggesting that a single subduction/collison event can explain the occurrences of UHP relicts and eclogites in the Central Rhodope, and that subducted rocks are exhumed only within the Nestos suture.  相似文献   

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