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1.
《古地理学报》2017,(1)
绿泥石包膜在国内外碎屑岩储集层中常有发现,其对石英次生加大的抑制及对储集层物性的影响一直是国内外学者的研究热点。本文回顾了绿泥石包膜的研究历史,总结了其研究成果,包括微观赋存状态、形成时间和机理、控制因素、对石英次生加大的抑制和对储集层物性的影响等。结果表明:(1)储集层中绿泥石包膜主要偏富铁,具连续生长的双层结构,符合"Ostwald"熟化过程,始于早期富铁黏土包膜,早成岩期转化为平行或斜切颗粒表面的内层包膜,逐渐向外生长为垂直颗粒表面的孔隙衬里绿泥石,并可在埋藏成岩过程持续生长;(2)富含铁镁矿物的火山物质(火山岩岩屑和火山灰)及暗色矿物(黑云母和角闪石等)是形成绿泥石包膜的主要物质来源,并主要富集在三角洲入海(湖)的高能水动力相带,如三角洲前缘水下分流河道及河口坝等沉积微相中,烃类充注影响孔隙衬里绿泥石的生长形态;(3)中低温环境绿泥石包膜明显抑制石英次生加大的生长,高温环境抑制效果减弱;(4)绿泥石包膜的发育有利于粒间孔隙的保护,但易降低孔隙喉道的连通性。最后指出了绿泥石包膜在目前研究中存在的问题和今后的研究趋势。 相似文献
2.
为了定量研究自生绿泥石对储集层质量的影响,在限定控储因素前提下,通过常规岩心分析、扫描电镜、薄片鉴定、激光粒度分析和黏土矿物X衍射等资料,以北部湾盆地涠西南凹陷涠洲12-X油田古近系涠洲组三段碎屑岩储集层为例,探讨了自生绿泥石对石英次生加大、孔隙结构及储集层物性的影响,并提出了综合得分评价法,定量评价自生绿泥石对储集层物性的控制作用。研究结果表明,当溶蚀作用积极意义大于绿泥石沉淀的消极影响时,石英加大和方解石含量较高(7.3%)及自生绿泥石相对含量较低(20%~30%)的细砂“控孔喉”作用,等同于石英加大和方解石含量较低(2.4%)及自生绿泥石含量较高(30%~40%)的细砂,二者的“控孔喉”作用具有互补性。自生绿泥石的“控孔、控渗”作用与碎屑颗粒粒度、分选、胶结物及泥质含量等因素的“控孔、控渗”作用相互制约,存在互补性和差异性,绿泥石相对含量较低的中砂“控孔、控渗”作用等同于绿泥石相对含量较高的细砂(互补性);泥质含量较低的细砂岩中绿泥石“控孔、控渗”作用弱于泥质含量较高的细砂岩(差异性)。总之,在岩相一定的情况下,包膜或衬里状绿泥石与孔渗呈正相关关系,孔隙充填状绿泥石与孔渗呈负相关关系。 相似文献
3.
西湖凹陷中央背斜带中北部深部优质储层孔隙保存机理 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
《地质科技情报》2016,(3)
近年来西湖凹陷中央背斜带中北部深层天然气勘探取得了重大突破,储层品质是其成藏的主控因素。为探究研究区优质储层发育规律,以铸体薄片、扫描电镜、X衍射定量分析等技术手段,结合区域地质背景对储层发育控制因素进行了研究。结果证实,研究区优质储层黏土矿物以绿泥石为主,储层物性与绿泥石相对含量正相关性明显。绿泥石膜能够有效抑制石英次生加大,保护原生孔隙,也为次生溶蚀创造了必要的流体活动空间。研究区绿泥石主要发育在三角洲平原与三角洲前缘过渡带,富铁、弱碱性沉积水介质环境;深埋过程中随着半封闭流体体系的形成与超压流体的活动,使沉淀在碎屑颗粒表面富铁黏土质发生重结晶作用,在颗粒表面形成1~3期绿泥石环边,分别为分布于颗粒表面的薄膜绿泥石、垂直于绿泥石包膜生长的叶片状绿泥石以及充填于孔隙中的玫瑰花簇状绿泥石集合体。绿泥石垂向分带性明显,其顶界与超压流体顶界一致。绿泥石的分布与沉积相带、沉积水介质及超压流体活动密切相关。 相似文献
4.
在西湖凹陷花港组储层整体低渗的背景下,优质储层的发育往往伴随绿泥石的富集。通过薄片观察、X衍射分析和扫描电镜及能谱分析等研究,认为研究区绿泥石呈黏土包膜、孔隙衬里和孔隙充填3种产出状态。黏土包膜为同沉积期铁镁物质絮凝吸附形成,成分复杂。孔隙衬里是绿泥石最主要的产出状态：Ⅰ类孔隙衬里绿泥石在早压实期前后由黏土包膜重结晶形成,单晶呈半自形片状,铁镁质量分数较低,排列杂乱;Ⅱ类孔隙衬里绿泥石在早压实期后由孔隙流体在洁净的颗粒表面结晶而成,单晶呈相对自形六方片状,铁镁质量分数较高,多垂直颗粒表面有序排列。孔隙充填绿泥石可细分为分散片状、书页状和绒球状,与溶蚀作用密切相关,单晶自形程度和铁镁质量分数均最高。黏土包膜绿泥石对储层物性的影响较小,但有助于衬里绿泥石的形成;孔隙衬里绿泥石难以缓解压实作用,但能够在一定程度上抑制压溶作用和有效地抑制早期石英加大,其中Ⅰ类孔隙衬里绿泥石由于连续性较好、排列杂乱、结晶较差和晶间孔复杂,对硅质胶结抑制作用明显,而Ⅱ类孔隙衬里绿泥石则相反,对硅质胶结的抑制作用有限;孔隙充填绿泥石仅充填较大原生粒间孔和粒间溶孔,对渗透率影响较小,仅在一定程度上减小了孔隙度。现今储层物性更多受控于储层砂岩的原始沉积组构以及相应的压实和溶蚀强度的改造过程,绿泥石的富集对优质储层具指示作用。 相似文献
5.
孔隙衬里绿泥石的成因及对储层性能的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
孔隙衬里绿泥石发育的砂岩大多属于优质储层,前人将其归功于绿泥石对孔隙的保护作用。按照孔隙衬里绿泥石形成的铁质来源,可划分为同沉积黏土膜转化型、富铁镁物质溶蚀再结晶型和转化与直接结晶混合型3种类型。通过国内外富孔隙衬里绿泥石砂岩实例的对比研究表明,孔隙衬里绿泥石可以通过抑制自生石英生长、提高抗压实能力、指示早期碱性溶蚀发育程度和堵塞孔喉等4种方式影响储层性能,且不同成因的孔隙衬里绿泥石对储层性能影响方式不同,同一成因绿泥石在不同成岩阶段的影响方式也不同。中成岩A期以前,转化型孔隙衬里绿泥石通过占据孔喉和提高抗压能力影响储层,而溶蚀结晶型孔隙衬里绿泥石主要指示火山物质发生碱性溶蚀的程度;只有砂岩成岩阶段达到中成岩B期以后,孔隙衬里绿泥石对石英生长的抑制作用才得到充分体现。 相似文献
6.
砂岩中自生绿泥石的产状、形成机制及其分布规律 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
砂岩中自生绿泥有4种产状：颗粒包膜、孔隙衬里、孔隙充填和蜂窝状;3种成因类型：粘土矿物转化、物质的溶蚀结晶和富铁镁外来流体的渗入。时间形成顺序为：颗粒包膜绿泥石→孔隙衬里绿泥石→孔隙充填绿泥石;蜂窝状绿泥石的形成时间取决于外来流体的渗入时期。绿泥石的表面电荷特性受成岩流体pH的控制,并进而影响其产状。绿泥石的分布受铁镁物质的来源、孔隙流体性质、温度、砂岩的成分和结构控制,且不同产状的绿泥石具不同的空间分布规律,颗粒包膜绿泥石主要由沉积环境控制,孔隙衬里绿泥石由砂岩中富含铁镁的岩屑和黑云母等的分布约束,孔隙充填绿泥石受砂岩结构影响;蜂窝状绿泥石取决于外来流体的渗流特征。 相似文献
7.
自生绿泥石对砂岩储层孔隙的保护机理 总被引：17，自引：0，他引：17
自生绿泥石可以抑制石英的胶结作用,但其抑制机制目前尚无定论.根据自生绿泥石的产状、性质及其与伴生成岩矿物的关系,综合分析了自生绿泥石的形成条件及其对后期成岩环境的影响,系统研究了自生绿泥石在整个成岩演化过程中对储层孔隙发育的作用.认为对储层有建设意义的是早期形成的孔隙衬里绿泥石,它通过占据石英的结晶基底并保持孔隙流体和颗粒表面的碱性条件来抑制石英颗粒的自生加大,但不能抑制自生石英雏晶的生长,只有与高孔渗的开放环境相配合,流体运移频繁,硅质能被及时带出,自生石英雏晶的生长才能得到有效抑制.孔隙衬里绿泥石常与浊沸石伴生并不表明绿泥石的生成是产生浊沸石的条件,而是说明孔隙衬里绿泥石和浊沸石具有相似的形成条件,适量孔隙衬里绿泥石的存在具有指示并维持高孔渗的碱性成岩环境的意义,并预示浊沸石可能出现,而浊沸石的形成对压实作用的抑制和次生溶蚀孔隙的发育具有重要意义. 相似文献
8.
《古地理学报》2021,23(3)
为了定量研究自生绿泥石对储集层质量的影响,在限定控储因素前提下,通过常规岩心分析、扫描电镜、薄片鉴定、激光粒度分析和黏土矿物X衍射等资料,以北部湾盆地涠西南凹陷涠洲12-X油田古近系涠洲组三段碎屑岩储集层为例,探讨了自生绿泥石对石英次生加大、孔隙结构及储集层物性的影响,并提出了综合得分评价法,定量评价自生绿泥石对储集层物性的控制作用。研究结果表明,当溶蚀作用积极意义大于绿泥石沉淀的消极影响时,石英加大和方解石含量较高(7.3%)及自生绿泥石相对含量较低(20%～30%)的细砂"控孔喉"作用,等同于石英加大和方解石含量较低(2.4%)及自生绿泥石含量较高(30%～40%)的细砂,二者的"控孔喉"作用具有互补性。自生绿泥石的"控孔、控渗"作用与碎屑颗粒粒度、分选、胶结物及泥质含量等因素的"控孔、控渗"作用相互制约,存在互补性和差异性,绿泥石相对含量较低的中砂"控孔、控渗"作用等同于绿泥石相对含量较高的细砂(互补性);泥质含量较低的细砂岩中绿泥石"控孔、控渗"作用弱于泥质含量较高的细砂岩(差异性)。总之,在岩相一定的情况下,包膜或衬里状绿泥石与孔渗呈正相关关系,孔隙充填状绿泥石与孔渗呈负相关关系。 相似文献
9.
鄂南延长组绿泥石环边与储集性能关系研究 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
绿泥石环边是碎屑岩地层中一种常见的现象,其产出状态与含量对储层储集物性有重要的控制作用。以鄂尔多斯盆地南部延长组为研究对象,通过铸体薄片、扫描电镜、背散射及能谱,对绿泥石的产出状态、形成机理、形成时间及对孔隙的保存机理进行深入研究,结果表明:(1)微咸水-半咸水的湖泊三角洲前缘沉积亚相、富黑云母的长石砂岩与绿泥石存在空间上的耦合;(2)绿泥石的形成时间不早于初始压实阶段,不晚于自生石英的出现;(3)绿泥石环边对自生石英的抑制主要是通过改变孔隙微区环境及占据颗粒表面空间,进而阻止自生石英在碎屑石英表面成核来完成的;(4)绿泥石环边中的晶间孔对延长组油藏来说,意义可能不大,但为以后酸性水的渗流提供了部分通道;(5)绿泥石环边对储层建设性的成岩作用主要表现为减缓了上覆地层的机械压实和对自生石英起到了一定的抑制。 相似文献
10.
绿泥石包壳对碎屑岩储层物性的影响及其形成环境--以鄂尔多斯盆地大牛地气田上古生界为例 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以大牛地气田含绿泥石胶结物样品为研究对象,结合国内外研究现状,研究绿泥石包壳的成因及其对储层物性的影响,并探讨其环境指示意义.大牛地气田的绿泥石包壳形成于成岩作用早期,厚10~20 μm,由原生粒间孔的边缘向中心晶形渐好,颗粒渐大.据铁质来源绿泥石包壳可分为原地和异地成因,原地成因由先体黏土矿物和岩屑溶解未排出的富铁流体生成,一般以混层黏土和晶体较小的包壳形式存在;异地成因是富铁矿物及岩屑溶蚀、溶解形成的富铁流体通过河流异地絮凝沉淀生成,结晶充分、晶形好.绿泥石包壳的储层保护机理为:①抑制石英次生加大;②增加矿物颗粒间抗压实强度,抑制压溶作用;③抑制碳酸盐胶结,促进溶蚀作用.大牛地气田的绿泥石包壳主要发育于盒一段(63%)和山二段,当其含量在15%以下时,孔隙度随绿泥石含量的增高呈线性递增.绿泥石包壳可作为三角洲(辫状河三角洲)前缘水下分流河道(水下辫状河道)等强水动力条件的微观相标志. 相似文献
11.
在西湖凹陷花港组低渗储层背景下,优质储层的发育伴随绿泥石和硅质胶结的同时富集,这与绿泥石抑制硅质胶结的观点存在矛盾.综合利用X衍射、铸体薄片、包裹体测试和扫描电镜及能谱分析等资料,以绿泥石分类及其成因分析为基础,通过对比不同粒度储层绿泥石和硅质胶结分布规律,结合地层条件和储层质量演化,分析绿泥石对硅质胶结的影响.研究结果表明:绿泥石发育孔隙衬里和孔隙充填两种产状,孔隙衬里绿泥石由早期黏土薄膜重结晶或直接由孔隙流体结晶而成,孔隙充填绿泥石受控于火山碎屑和长石溶蚀;绿泥石和硅质胶结均在物性较好的粗粒储层中富集;浅埋低地温阶段,孔隙衬里绿泥石有效抑制硅质胶结,仅在绿泥石不连续或颗粒破裂处发育孤立柱状石英晶体,深埋高地温阶段,难以有效抑制硅质胶结,多发育石英加大边;粗粒储层比细粒和砂质砾岩及泥砾岩储层孔隙发育,为石英加大边提供必要的生长空间,导致绿泥石相对含量更高的粗粒储层中硅质胶结也更发育. 相似文献
12.
通过大量野外地质调查、钻井岩心观察和室内分析测试,对陕北地区长101储层的成岩作用和成岩相进行了研究。结果表明,研究区长101储层处于中成岩A期阶段,压实作用与碳酸盐、粘土(高岭石、伊利石)矿物胶结、浊沸石胶结和硅质胶结作用是造成储层原生孔隙丧失的主要原因;绿泥石胶结抑制孔隙充填,长石、浊沸石矿物的溶蚀作用使孔隙间的连通性得到改善,储层物性得到提高。成岩相类型可划分为8种,优质储层与成岩相关系密切,其中压实相、碳酸盐胶结相、粘土矿物胶结相、石英加大相、浊沸石充填相不利于储层的发育,而长石溶蚀相、绿泥石膜胶结相、浊沸石溶蚀相对储层物性的改善具有重要作用。 相似文献
13.
Joshua Griffiths Richard H. Worden Luke J. Wooldridge James E. P. Utley Robert A. Duller Rhiannon L. Edge 《Sedimentology》2019,66(6):2011-2047
The spatial distribution of clay minerals in sandstones, which may both enhance or degrade reservoir quality, is poorly understood. To address this, clay mineral distribution patterns and host‐sediment properties (grain size, sorting, clay fraction abundance and bioturbation intensity) have, for the first time, been determined and mapped at an unprecedentedly high‐resolution in a modern estuarine setting (Ravenglass Estuary, UK). Results show that the estuary sediment is dominated by illite with subordinate chlorite and kaolinite, although the rivers supply sediment with less illite and significantly more chlorite than found in the estuary. Fluvial‐supplied sediment has been locally diluted by sediment derived from glaciogenic drift deposits on the margins of the estuary. Detailed clay mineral maps and statistical analyses reveal that the estuary has a heterogeneous distribution of illite, chlorite and kaolinite. Chlorite is relatively most abundant on the northern foreshore and backshore and is concentrated in coarse‐grained inner estuary dunes and tidal bars. Illite is relatively most abundant (as well as being most crystalline and most Fe–Mg‐rich) in fine‐grained inner estuary and central basin mud and mixed flats. Kaolinite has the highest abundance in fluvial sediment and is relatively homogenous in tidally‐influenced environments. Clay mineral distribution patterns in the Ravenglass Estuary have been strongly influenced by sediment supply (residence time) and subsequently modified by hydrodynamic processes. There is no relationship between macro‐faunal bioturbation intensity and the abundance of chlorite, illite or kaolinite. Based on this modern‐analogue study, outer estuarine sediments are likely to be heavily quartz cemented in deeply‐buried (burial temperatures exceeding 80 to 100°C) sandstone reservoirs due to a paucity of clay grade material (<0·5%) to form complete grain coats. In contrast, chlorite‐enriched tidal bars and dunes in the inner estuary, with their well‐developed detrital clay coats, are likely to have quartz cement inhibiting authigenic clay coats in deeply‐buried sandstones. 相似文献
14.
在大量样品测试数据与野外地质调查综合分析的基础上, 对长7储层岩石学特征、物性、孔隙结构、成岩作用、成岩阶段和成岩相等进行了研究。结果表明: 研究区长7储层处于中成岩A~B期。压实作用及碳酸盐、粘土(高岭石、伊利石、伊蒙混层)矿物胶结和硅质胶结作用是造成储层原生孔隙丧失的主要原因; 绿泥石胶结抑制孔隙充填, 长石溶蚀作用使孔隙间的连通性得到改善, 储层物性得到提高。根据成岩作用类型、强度及其对储层物性的影响划分出6种成岩相, 其中压实相、碳酸盐胶结相、粘土矿物胶结相、石英加大相、浊沸石充填相不利于储层的发育, 而长石溶蚀相、绿泥石膜胶结相对储层物性改善起了重要作用。 相似文献
15.
安塞油田长2油层成岩作用及其对储层物性的影响 总被引：7，自引：7，他引：7
安塞地区长2油层储层以中细粒长石砂岩为主，主要成岩矿物为绿泥石环边、方解石胶结物、石英和长石加大生长、伊利石、伊一蒙混层、钠长石和高岭石等。绿泥石环边的发育对原生粒间孔的保存起到有利的作用。石英加大级别达Ⅲ级，加大边含有丰富的有机包体，均一温度范围48．1～76．5℃，烃类进入储层的时间为早白垩世中期至晚白垩世。储层发育多种孔隙类型，面孔率平均为11．60％．主要类型有粒间孔、骨架颗粒溶孔和微裂缝等。残余粒间孔和骨架颗粒溶孔是本区长2储层的主要孔隙类型。根据成岩作用的矿物岩石学标志、有机质成熟度及古温度，将长2油层砂岩的成岩作用划分为3个成岩阶段：早成岩阶段、晚成岩阶段和表生成岩阶段。储层性质明显地受到沉积微相和成岩作用的影响，沉积物粒度较粗、厚度较大的分流河道储集物性明显优于各种粒度较细、厚度较薄的分流间席状砂体。 相似文献
16.
The possible influence on diagenesis of oil migration into reservoir sandstones is important for understanding their development. Although many studies have addressed the question of continued growth of diagenetic minerals after oil emplacement, there is little clear evidence of the timing of mineral growth relative to oil emplacement, nor of the possible mechanisms of continued mineral growth. This study presents an example of continued cementation by pore‐lining chlorite during and after the migration of oil into a Palaeocene turbidite sandstone reservoir near the Faroe Islands. Chlorite developed in two different textures. One texture occurs on framework grain surfaces adjacent to open pore space in contact with oil. The other texture occurs close to framework grain contacts where contact with oil appears to have been prevented by residual pore‐water menisci. The meniscus crystals are larger than those from open pore, implying that diagenetic clay mineral growth has continued after oil emplacement. 相似文献
17.
Shifa Zhu Xiaomin Zhu Jiahao Chen Zhen Yang Ye Jia Hang Cui 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2018,11(22):715
With the intensification of oil and gas exploration, tight sandstone reservoirs have received an increasing amount of attention, particularly with regard to the genesis of tight reservoir rock. The Upper Triassic Yanchang Formation in the Longdong area of the Ordos Basin has developed a typical tight, oil-bearing, clastic reservoir (lithic arkose and feldspathic litharenite, grain size is mainly 0.1~0.3 mm in diameter). During the depositional period of the Chang 4 and 5 members, the two provenance systems of the southwest and northeast developed in the study area. In the southwest, sandstones in the lower part of distributary channels are coarser with fewer quartz overgrowth and ankerite and better reservoir quality (porosity about 12%, permeability about 1 mD). In the northeast, chlorite coating is thicker (>?4 vol%) in the underwater channel sandstones (porosity is about 14%, permeability is about 2 mD) than in the mouth bar sandstones. Sandstones in the upper part of distributary channels are finer with lower permeability (about 0.1 mD). Authigenic ankerite mainly appears around detrital dolomite as an overgrowth. The SiO2 in the quartz overgrowth most likely came from the transformation of smectite to illite and the dissolution of feldspar. In the northeast, only 2 vol% of chlorite rims significantly inhibited quartz overgrowth, but they probably blocked and delayed the dissolution of feldspars by acids. We present results here that show the diagenetic differences in sand bodies in delta fronts are influenced by sediment size, maturity, and the composition of framework grain; the materials that compose authigenic minerals mainly come from the alteration of sandstones. As a whole, the formation of tight reservoir rocks in the study area is closely related to sedimentary facies, composition of framework grain, cement type and content, and development of dissolution. 相似文献
18.
Ezz El Din Abdel Hakim Khalaf 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2014,7(7):2603-2624
Wadi Queih basin hosts a ～2,500-m thick Neoproterozoic volcanoclastic successions that unconformably lie over the oldest Precambrian basement. These successions were deposited in alluvial fan, fluviatile, lacustrine, and aeolian depositional environments. Diagenetic minerals from these volcaniclastic successions were studied by X-ray diffractometry, scanning electron microscopy, and analytical electron microscopy. The diagenetic processes recognized include mechanical compaction, cementation, and dissolution. Based on the framework grain–cement relationships, precipitation of the early calcite cement was either accompanied or followed by the development of part of the pore-lining and pore-filling clay cements. Secondary porosity development occurred due to partial to complete dissolution of early calcite cement and feldspar grains. In addition to calcite, several different clay minerals including kaolinite, illite, and chlorite with minor smectite occur as pore-filling and pore-lining cements. Chlorite coating grains helps to retain primary porosity by retarding the envelopment of quartz overgrowths. Clay minerals and their diagenetic assemblages has been distinguished between primary volcaniclastics directly produced by pyroclastic eruptions and epiclastic volcaniclastics derived from erosion of the pre-existing volcanic rocks. Phyllosilicates of the epiclastic rocks display wider compositional variations owing to wide variations in the mineralogical and chemical compositions of the parent material. Most of the phyllosilicates (kaolinite, illite, chlorite, mica, and smectite) are inherited minerals derived from the erosion of the volcanic basement complex, which had undergone hydrothermal alteration. Smectites of the epiclastic rocks are beidellite–montmorillonite derived from the altered volcanic materials of the sedimentary environment. Conversely, phyllosilicate minerals of the pyroclastic rocks are dominated by kaolinite, illite, and mica, which were formed by pedogenetic processes through the hydrothermal influence. 相似文献