共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 433 毫秒
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本文应用准地转正压无辐散模式对双涡的相互作用进行了数值模拟试验。试验结果表明：(1)只考虑相对涡度平流的情况下双涡以互旋为主,而且随着初始间距的缩小,互旋越来越明显。(2)双涡的相互作用与它们的初始间距以及它们的强度和结构有密切的关系。(3)双涡的移动加速和减速都是出现在它们移动方向改变的时刻,当移动方向向逆时针方向变化时移速减慢,否则加快。(4)β效应的作用加强西涡旋的西行并出现打转现象,使东涡旋转向。 相似文献
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西太平洋双热带气旋和南海—西太平洋双热带气旋的互旋作用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文利用1960～1987年间23例双热带气旋实测资料,计算了西太平洋双热带气旋和南海—西太平洋双热带气旋之间的互旋角,得出了两热带气旋之间距离小于18经纬度时便会产生相互牵引作用,且随着它们中心间距(d)的减小,双热带气旋的互旋角增大,尤其当d≤9个经纬距时,互旋作用迅速增大。计算结果表明:在西太平洋按γ~(0.8)V_θ=C涡旋模式,利用实测最大风速资料所计算的双热带气旋互旋角与实际转动率较一致。而南海—西太平洋双热带气旋采用γ~(0.9)V_θ=C的涡旋模式,计算的结果与实际较相符。而γ~(1/2)V_θ=C涡旋模式是夸大了双热带气旋的直接互旋作用,而Rankine涡旋模式则缩小了双热带气旋的直接互旋作用。 相似文献
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许多文献认为,在一定距离(约700—800海里)以内,双台风会发生相互旋转和相互吸引,这就是“藤原效应”,本文研究表明,在间距20°纬距以内,双台风发生明显气旋式互旋(12小时互旋角Δθ≥+10°)的仅占总数的30.3%,而且东台风处于西台风的东北象限时,发生明显互旋的机率要比东南象限大,这表明环境流场的引导作用有着重要影响。我们对13个双台风47时次资料,计算了藤原效应和环境流场引导作用引起的双台风互旋角速度,并加以比较,得出结论;双台风中心间距在7°纬距以内时,藤原效应起主要作用,7°—15°纬距时,环境流场引导气流起主要作用,间距15°纬距以上时,不适用藤原效应。 相似文献
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中尺度暖涡对热带气旋强度变化的影响及作用机制 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
基于两组理想化数值试验，对比研究了分布于热带气旋不同位置处的海洋中尺度暖涡所引发的热带气旋强度变化的时空特征。研究发现，热带气旋中心附近的暖涡对热带气旋强度有增强作用，而位于热带气旋外围的暖涡则会抑制热带气旋的发展。本研究将暖涡增强（减弱）热带气旋强度的区域称为内（外）区。随着时间的推移，内（外）区暖涡对热带气旋强度的增强（减弱）幅度逐渐减小（增大），区域范围同步减小（增大）。内区暖涡增强了热带气旋的次级环流和结构对称性、增加了海气界面热通量，同时减弱了外围螺旋雨带，进而导致热带气旋强度增强；若暖涡在外区，其对热带气旋的作用相反，导致热带气旋强度减弱。由于理想化试验中热带气旋静止不动，因此研究结果可能只适用于传播速度较慢的热带气旋。本研究结果有助于更好地理解热带气旋和海洋中尺度暖涡之间的相互作用，并通过引入热带气旋外区暖涡的影响助力提高热带气旋强度预报工作。 相似文献
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1998年夏季季风爆发前后南海环流的多涡特征 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
利用南海季风实验（SCSMEX－IOP1、IOP2）期间（1998年4月底－7月初）所获得的温盐深（CTD）、声学多普勒流速剖面仪（ADCP）资料及TOPEX／POSEIDON卫星高度计遥感资料，分析了南海表层、1．0MPa层和3．0MPa层得力势异常场的分布格局，探讨了夏季季风爆发前后南海的环流特征。结果表明：在夏季季风爆发前（IOP1期间）南海北部以气旋试流动为主，并在此气旋式环流的东部镶嵌着一个较小的反气旋型涡；南海中部和南部以反气旋式流动为主，其中越南以东海域存在着两个南北对峙分布的反气旋型涡，在它们的东侧伴随一气旋型涡。季风爆发后（IPO2期间），南海北部仍然以气旋式流动为主，黑潮水越过巴士海峡南北中线，一部分可能入侵南海北部，另一部分向东北折回黑潮主干；南海中部和南部仍以反气旋式流动为主，越南以东海域北部的反气旋型涡消失，但南西的反气旋型涡加强，与IOP1类似，仍伴随着一个气旋型涡。总体而方，强流区出现在巴士海峡西北侧和南海西部（尤其是越东南东沿岸），南海东部和东南部为弱流区。 相似文献
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南海中尺度涡旋对热带气旋的响应：个例研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
利用TOPEX／POsEIDON和Jason—1卫星高度计，SeaWiFS水色传感器和TMI微波成像仪等卫星遥感资料研究了南海中尺度涡旋对热带气旋“玲玲”（Lingling，0123）、“灿都”（Chanthu，0405）和“榴莲”（Durian，0621）的响应，得到以下研究结果：（1）位于热带气旋“玲玲”和“榴莲”移动路径右侧的冷涡在热带气旋经过后增强，表现在海面高度距平和海表温度的较大幅度下降，以及叶绿素a的爆发性升高；（2）位于“玲玲”移动路径左侧以及“灿都”路径上的暖涡在热带气旋经过后减弱，表现在海面高度距平和海表温度的下降，而叶绿素a变化不太明显；（3）当热带气旋“玲玲”和“灿都”经过暖涡时，热带气旋的强度迅速增大，这表明暖涡可能有助于热带气旋的加强． 相似文献
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南沙群岛海区毛颚动物的昼夜垂直移动 总被引：10，自引：2，他引：10
对1997年11月和1999年4月、7月在南沙群岛海区3个昼夜连续测站采集的毛颚动物样品进行了研究。结果表明，这些水域的毛颚动物的昼夜垂直移动可以划分为3个类型：种类作显著移动，不作显著移动和仅在夜晚移动。作为昼夜垂直移动显著的种类，又可以把它们划分为：（1）种类在整个水柱移动；（2）种类在上层（0－60m）移动；（3）种类在中层（60－100m）移动。作为昼夜垂直移动不明显的种类，又可以把它们分为：（1）种类分布在于上层（0－60m）。（2）种类分布于底层（100－200m）。种类在白天下降或附着在海底物体上，仅在夜晚移动。光照，水温，食物和种类特征是影响本水域毛颚动物昼夜垂直移动的重要因素。 相似文献
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南印度洋中尺度涡统计特征及三维合成结构研究 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
南印度洋是海洋中尺度涡的多发区域。本文利用卫星高度计资料及Argo浮标资料,对南印度洋（10°~35°S, 50°~120°E）区域中尺度涡的分布、表观特征等进行了统计分析,采用合成方法,构建了该区域中尺度涡的三维温盐结构。结果表明,涡旋频率呈明显的纬向带状分布,在18°~30°S存在一个明显的涡旋频率带状高值区;涡旋半径具有由南至北逐渐增大的趋势;长周期涡旋在其生命周期内,半径、涡动能、涡能量密度、涡度等性质均经历了先增大而后减小的过程;涡旋以西向运动为主,在经向上移动距离较小,长周期气旋（反气旋）涡具有明显的偏向极地（赤道）移动的倾向;涡旋平均移动速度为5.9 cm/s,速度大小大致沿纬向呈带状分布。在混合层以下,气旋涡（反气旋涡）内部分别呈现明显的温度负（正）异常,且分别存在两个位温负（正）异常的冷（暖）核结构;气旋涡（反气旋涡）整体上呈现"正-负"（"负-正"）上下层相反的盐度异常结构。中尺度涡对温盐的平均影响深度可达1 000×104 Pa以上。 相似文献
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《Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers》2007,54(5):687-709
We use hydrographic and buoy data to compare the initial temperature fields and Lagrangian evolution of water parcels in two vortices generated by the southward flowing Canary Current passing around the island of Gran Canaria Island. One vortex is anticyclonic, shed in June 1998 as the result of an incident current of about 0.05 m s−1, and the second one is cyclonic, shed in June 2005 with the impinging current estimated as 0.03 m s−1. The two vortices exhibit contrasting characteristics yet display some important similarities. The isopycnals are depressed in the core of the anticyclonic vortex, at least down to a depth of 700 m, whilst they dome up in the core of the cyclonic vortex but only down to 450 m. In the top 300 m the depression/doming of the isotherms is similar for both vortices, with a maximum vertical displacement of the isotherm of about 80 m, which correspond to temperature anomalies of some 2.5 °C at a given depth. A simple method is developed to obtain the initial orbital velocity field from the temperature data, from which we estimate peak values of 0.7 and 0.5 m s−1 for the anticyclonic and cyclonic vortices, respectively. The buoys, three for the anticyclonic vortex and two for the cyclonic one, were drougued at 100 m depth, below the surface mixed layer, and their initial velocities are consistent with the above values. In both vortices, the buoys revolve either within a central core, where the rotation rate remains stable and large for several weeks, or in an outer ring, where the rotation rate is significantly smaller and displays large radial fluctuations. Within the inner core the anticyclonic vortex has significant inward radial velocity, while the cyclonic vortex has near-zero radial mean motions. The cyclonic vortex rotates more slowly than the anticyclonic, their initial periods being 4.5 and 2.5 days, respectively. A simple axisymmetric model with radial diffusion (coefficient Kh≅25 m2 s−1) and advection reproduces the observations reasonably well, the diffusive effect being more important than that resulting from the observed radial advection. The model also supports the hypothesis that the rotation rate of cyclonic vortices is less than that of anticyclonic vortices, as otherwise they would become inertially unstable. Both the buoys data and sea surface temperature images confirm that the vortices evolve from youth to maturity, as the cores shrink and the outer rings expands, and then to a decay stage, as the core rotation rates decrease, though frequent interactions with other mesoscale structures result in more accelerated aging. Despite these interaction they last many months as coherent structures south of the Canary Islands. 相似文献
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Qiao Fangli 《海洋学报(英文版)》1996,15(2):145-158
Ｔｈｅｍｉｘｉｎｇｍｅｃｈａｎｉｓｍｉｎｔｈｅｆｏｒｍａｔｉｏｎｏｆｏｃｅａｎｓｈｅａｒｗａｖｅｓ￥ＱｉａｏＦａｎｇｌｉ（ＦｉｒｓｔＩｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｅｏｆＯｃｅａｎｏｇｒａｐｈｙ，ＳｔａｔｅｏｃｅａｎｉｃＡｄｍｉｎｉｓｔｒａｔｉｏｎ，Ｑｉｎｇｄａｏ２... 相似文献
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Intense atmospheric vortices are characterized by a regime of cyclostrophic balance, i.e., the balance between the pressure
gradient and centrifugal force. To describe motions in the core of an axisymmetrical vortex, a class of exact solutions to
the equations of gas dynamics with a linear dependence on radius is derived for the velocity components and with a quadratic
dependence for temperature. It is shown that small deviations from the balance state give rise to oscillations of the hydrothermodynamic
fields in the vortex core with a frequency proportional to the angular velocity of the rotation of the core. For fairly large
initial deviations, oscillations are clearly anharmonic and, under the conditions of the prevailing centrifugal force, result
in a significant temperature decrease on the vortex axis. The application of this class of solutions to describing the Ranque
vortex effect (the intense cooling of gas during rapid rotations) and the acoustic radiation from tornadoes is discussed. 相似文献
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The results of experimental studies of the interaction between the horseshoe vortices formed in nonuniform water flows and a sand surface are presented. The central part of the initial cylindrical vortex ascends, driven by the Kutta—Joukowski force. The vortex tails submerged into sand approach each other, grabbing the sand by their ends. Sharp bends are formed at the axes of the vortex tails. If the bends occlude, a ring vortex is formed above the bends. The ring approaches the surface at an angle of 40° and moves along the flow: the angle decreases, and the radius of the ring increases. When the whole vortex reaches the water surface, it breaks, loses the entrapped sand, and forms a ridge on the bottom. 相似文献
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G. D. Aburjania 《Izvestiya Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics》2011,47(4):491-502
The generation and further linear and nonlinear dynamics of planetary magnetized Rossby waves (MRWs) in the rotating dissipative ionosphere are studied in the presence of a zonal wind (shear flow). MRWs are caused by interaction with the spatially nonuniform geomagnetic field and are ionospheric manifestations of ordinary tropospheric Rossby waves. A simplified self-consistent set of model equations describing MRW-shear flow interaction is derived on the basis of complete equations of ionospheric magnetohydrodynamics. Based on an analysis of an exact analytical solution to the derived dynamic equations, an effective linear mechanism of MRW amplification in the interaction with nonuniform zonal wind is ascertained. It is shown that operators of linear problems are non-self-adjoint in the case of shear flows, and the corresponding eigenfunctions are nonorthogonal; therefore, the canonically modal approach is of little use when studying such flows; a so-called nonmodal mathematical analysis is required. It is ascertained that MRWs effectively get shear flow energy during the linear stage of evolution and significantly increase (by several orders of magnitude) their energy and amplitude. The necessary and sufficient condition of shear flow instability in an ionospheric medium is derived. Nonlinear self-localization begins with the development of shear instability and an increase in the amplitude, and the process ends with the self-organization of strongly localized isolated large-scale nonlinear vortex structures. Thus, a new degree of freedom and a way for perturbation evolution to occur appear in medium with shear flow. The nonlinear systems can be a pure monopole vortex, a vortex streets, or vortex chains depending of the shape of the sheared flow velocity profile. The accumulation of such vortices in the ionospheric medium can produce a strongly turbulent state. 相似文献
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A. S. Ginevsky T. V. Pogrebnaya S. D. Shipilov 《Izvestiya Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics》2006,42(5):627-631
A method is suggested for simulating axisymmetric laminar or turbulent flows formed during the motion of a vortex-ring bunch of given geometry and circulation toward a plane screen. Earlier, similar problems were simulated with the numerical solution of the Navier-Stokes equations for laminar flows. Turbulent flows have remained unconsidered until now. When a vortex ring approaches the screen, the secondary nonstationary flow is induced near the screen’s surface and this secondary flow causes the formation of the radial boundary layer (provided that air viscosity is taken into account). First, the medium spreads out from the critical point at the screen’s center with the negative pressure gradient along the radial coordinate and then detaches in the region of the positive pressure gradient. This radial wall flow and the corresponding boundary layer are considered in the quasi-stationary approximation. When the boundary layer detaches at successive instances, the flow is replenished with the radially moving secondary vortex rings whose circulations have the sign opposite to that of the circulation of the primary vortex ring. It is the interaction of the primary and secondary vortices that governs process dynamics, which differs substantially from that in the case when the formation of secondary vortices is disregarded. The suggested method is based on the method of discrete vortices (a perfect liquid) and the boundary-layer (laminar or turbulent) theory. During the development of the flow under investigation, the nonstationary ascending flow in the direction perpendicular to the screen’s plane is formed and then this flow decays and dissipates. Simulations for large Reynolds numbers corresponding to the formation of the turbulent boundary layer show that the velocity of ascending vortices in the plane of the initial vortex bunch is less than one-tenth of the initial velocity of the descending vortex ring. The boundary layer is introduced into calculations with the sole goal of determining the parameters of the secondary vortex rings formed during boundary-layer detachments. The interaction of the primary and secondary vortices is then considered within the framework of a perfect medium. Simulations for large Reynolds numbers corresponding to the formation of the turbulent boundary layer on the screen were correlated with the available data obtained in laboratory experiments for small Reynolds numbers. Qualitative agreement between the simulations and experiments is fairly satisfactory. The simulation for one combination of the circulation and vortex-ring geometry takes at most 10–15 min with the use of an average PC. 相似文献
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Jean-Michel Baey Dominique Renouard Gabriel Chabert D'hieres 《Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers》1995,42(11-12)
Experiments were run on a 14 m diameter rotating platform to study the stability conditions for a constant volume flow rate current of intermediate water. The flow was introduced in a two-layer system initially at rest in solid body rotation, along the sidewall of the tank, and allowed freely to evolve. A sink collected the intermediate water and thus ensured that the free surface height was constant. Thus the upstream conditions were the rotation rate, the volume flow rate, the density and the initial width of the intermediate current, which was in geostrophic equilibrium when it left the source; i.e. its thickness along the wall at the source was fixed by this condition. The relevant parameters appear to be the Ekman and the Burger numbers. The data collected from the experiments are very consistent, and it appears that there were five typical flow regimes: (1) a stable current along the whole basin; (2) a series of cyclonic vortices attached to the outer edge of the current, with an upstream stable current; (3) a large cyclonic vortex attached to an anticyclonic instability; (4) dipoles shed from the current into the interior fluid; and (5) generation of lenses of intermediate water, similar to meddies. This last result shows that no topographical effect is required to generate such long-lived lenses, which then drift slowly upstream as the dipoles do. 相似文献
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A numerical study of vortex-induced rotations(VIRs) of an equivalent triangular cylinder, which is free to rotate in the azimuthal direction in a uniform flow, is presented. Based on an immersed boundary method, the numerical model is established, and is verified through the benchmark problem of flow past a freely rotating rectangular body.The computation is performed for a fixed reduced mass of m~*=2.0 and the structural stiffness and damping ratio are set to zero. The effects of Reynolds number(Re=25-180) on the characteristics of VIR are studied. It is found that the dynamic response of the triangular cylinder exhibits four distinct modes with increasing Re: a rest position,periodic rotational oscillation, random rotation and autorotation. For the rotational oscillation mode, the cylinder undergoes a periodic vibration around an equilibrium position with one side facing the incoming flow. Since the rotation effect, the outset of vortex shedding from cylinder shifts to a much lower Reynolds number. Further increase in Re leads to 2 P and P+S vortex shedding modes besides the typical 2 S pattern. Our simulation results also elucidate that the free rotation significantly changes the drag and lift forces. Inspired by these facts, the effect of free rotation on flow-induced vibration of a triangular cylinder in the in-line and transverse directions is investigated. The results show that when the translational vibration is coupled with rotation, the triangular cylinder presents a galloping response instead of vortex-induced vibration(VIV). 相似文献