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1.
针对鄂尔多斯盆地大牛地气田马五1+2段储层致密、岩溶作用强烈、非均质性强,直井单井产能低,调整为水平井开采后获得良好的开发前景等特点,根据岩心、物性及薄片观察等资料,分析马五1+2段水平井钻遇试气成果,储层发育及录井气测异常厚度等对不同微古地貌的水平井导眼段及水平井进行测井解释,识别并确定水平段储集类型,研究岩溶微古地貌对岩溶白云岩储层控制作用。结果表明:研究区岩溶相带发育明显,纵向上岩溶储层受岩溶相带的控制明显,马五13、马五14、马五2处于垂直渗流带,整体受泥质充填较弱,储集性能较好,为储集有利相带;岩溶斜坡微古地貌处地表水的渗滤作用表现明显,白云岩发育大量的溶蚀孔隙、溶缝,泥质充填程度较弱,具有良好的储集性能,是古岩溶储层发育和气藏形成的有利部位;岩溶高地储集空间易被溶蚀、充填,故物性与斜坡相比较差。  相似文献   

2.
为优选靖边气田马家沟组碳酸盐岩储层有利区域,以靖边南部马家沟组五段4亚段为例,基于岩心观察、铸体薄片鉴定、物性资料统计及压汞测试等方法,分析研究区碳酸盐岩储层特征,从古构造、岩相古地理环境、成岩作用及岩溶古地貌等方面研究主控因素与储层分布的关系.结果 表明:马家沟组碳酸盐岩储集层岩石类型包括膏盐溶蚀泥粉晶白云岩、岩溶角砾泥粉晶白云岩及砂砾屑泥晶白云岩;储集空间类型包括铸模孔隙、晶间孔和晶间溶孔;储层孔隙结构划分为高饱和型、中饱和型、低饱和型及微饱和型4类,储层分布受古构造、岩相古地理、成岩作用和岩溶古地貌等因素控制,其中古构造中的高部位、古地理环境中的云坪沉积微相、成岩作用中的早期淡水溶蚀、白云石化和表生期岩溶作用,以及古地貌中的岩溶斜坡带是储层发育的有利因素.该结果为靖边气田碳酸盐岩储层天然气勘探有利区优选提供依据.  相似文献   

3.
塔河油田2区奥陶系储层为一间房组碳酸盐岩礁滩相地层,结合储层岩心、岩石薄片、测井分析及地球化学特征,进行了构造-沉积特征研究,通过井震结合,应用填平补齐法,恢复了该区及周缘奥陶系顶面海西早期岩溶古地貌,并划分为4个亚地貌单元,分析了奥陶系储层特征及成岩作用,研究了储层岩溶作用期次,得出海西早期的溶蚀-岩溶-构造破裂是储层改造的主要作用机制;通过现今钻井缝洞单元分布,结合海西早期岩溶古地貌、古水系及断裂控制,提出了储层发育的有利区带,得出环T443、TK220、T207井附近泄水洼凼北部区域是岩溶储层发育最有利区域。   相似文献   

4.
通过岩心、野外露头观察,采用薄片、扫描电镜和地球化学分析等方法,研究太原地区中奥陶世上马家沟组岩溶储层岩石类型、储集空间类型、成岩作用类型及特征,以及成岩演化阶段和成岩作用对岩溶储层孔隙的影响及控制作用。结果表明:上马家沟组主要包括含石膏角砾灰岩、砂屑灰岩、细晶灰岩、泥晶含生屑白云质灰岩、粉晶灰质白云岩、灰质角砾白云岩、中晶白云岩、粉晶白云岩等8种岩性,孔隙和溶洞为主要储集空间;储层受到不同期次的压实—压溶、胶结充填、交代、构造破裂、溶蚀和重结晶等6种成岩作用的复合叠加;成岩演化划分为沉积—准同生成孔阶段(中奥陶世)→风化淋滤阶段(晚奥陶世—泥盆纪)→沉积充填阶段(石炭纪—早白垩世)→溶蚀改造阶段(晚白垩世—古近纪)等4个成岩阶段;储层主要受白云石化、构造破裂、溶蚀等3个成岩作用控制,不同成岩作用影响优质储层的分布和发育。该研究结果为太原地区优质储层的勘探提供有利参考。  相似文献   

5.
渤海石臼坨凸起沙河街组发育一套湖相混积岩岩性段,呈现出良好的油气显示.利用显微岩石与矿物学观察、扫描电镜、电子探针、碳氧同位素地球化学、气液包裹体温度分析等方法技术,研究总结了渤海石臼坨凸起古近系沙河街组混积岩的成岩作用和孔隙演化特征.沙河街组混积岩储层主要为陆源碎屑质－碳酸盐混积岩,储集空间主要为残余原生粒间孔和生物体腔孔,为高孔高渗储层.储层中发育的成岩作用主要有:①压实作用;②胶结作用,主要为颗粒包壳、孔隙衬垫与充填和交代白云石等自生白云石胶结作用,自生白云石具有典型的多期生长特征;③溶蚀作用,主要为陆源碎屑中的长石、岩屑等的溶蚀,其次是早期衬垫白云石的溶蚀.伴随成岩演化,储层孔隙度由初始的４０％演变到现今的２２％.早期孔隙衬垫白云石、长石溶蚀对古近系沙河街组混积岩中的有利储层发育具有重要控制作用.   相似文献   

6.
为明确准噶尔盆地乌尔禾—风南地区百口泉组成岩作用及成岩相,根据岩心分析化验数据,确定百口泉组储层物性特征;根据岩石薄片和扫描电镜观察结果,确定百口泉组成岩作用类型及强度;根据X线衍射结果,确定黏土矿物组分及体积分数;根据岩心薄片及其测井曲线特征,采用"物性加主控因素"分类方法,划分成岩相类型并建立各成岩相测井响应特征,确定成岩相分布规律,预测有利成岩相分布区。结果表明:百口泉组储层主要经历压实作用,碳酸盐、黏土矿物、黄铁矿、硅质胶结作用,以及长石、石英溶蚀作用。储层可划分为5种成岩相类型,即特低孔渗杂基充填相、中孔渗弱压实强溶蚀相、低孔渗强压实强溶蚀相、特低孔渗方解石胶结相和特低孔渗强压实相,其中中孔渗弱压实强溶蚀相和低孔渗强压实强溶蚀相为有利成岩相。中孔渗弱压实强溶蚀相主要分布于乌009—风4井区,低孔渗强压实强溶蚀相主要分布于乌2—风南7—夏75井区。该分析结果可为研究区优质储层预测提供地质依据。  相似文献   

7.
川中安岳—磨溪地区灯影组储层特征及控制因素   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  
川中安岳—磨溪地区震旦系灯影组地质年代久远、地层埋藏较深且受多期构造运动影响,储层特征研究难度大.分析研究区灯影组岩心和薄片资料,对储层岩石和储集空间类型及特征进行识别和分类,并研究岩心物性特征.结果表明:川中安岳—磨溪地区灯影组储层发育主要受到岩溶作用、古地貌、沉积相及构造运动影响和控制.岩溶作用和后期构造作用决定了储层储集性能,岩溶作用是研究区储层发育的主控因素;储层为一套溶蚀孔洞型白云岩储层,主要分布于灯四、灯二段,是油气聚集的有利区带.该研究结果为川中安岳—磨溪地区灯影组储层勘探开发提供参考.  相似文献   

8.
为了解鄂尔多斯盆地高桥地区奥陶系马家沟组马五1-2(Ma51-2)亚段岩溶作用与储层孔隙演化规律,采用岩心观察、铸
体薄片及扫描电镜、能谱等测试分析方法进行了研究。结果表明:研究区Ma51-2亚段碳酸盐岩经历了3期古岩溶作用:(准)同生
期岩溶、表生期岩溶和埋藏期岩溶。受加里东中、晚期—早海西期构造运动的影响,碳酸盐岩储层先后经历了准同生期成岩、表生
期成岩、浅埋藏成岩、中-深埋藏成岩阶段,相应地,孔隙演化经历了原生孔隙形成—缩减期、缝洞发育期、缝洞缩减充填期和裂
缝、埋藏溶蚀—充填期4个阶段。   相似文献   

9.
利用测井解释数据、岩心及薄片观察结果,分析塔里木盆地玉北地区奥陶系碳酸盐岩风化壳岩溶储层特征、分布规律及其主控因素。结果表明:玉北地区奥陶系碳酸盐岩主要发育加里东中期和海西早期风化壳岩溶,鹰山组是风化壳岩溶最为发育的地层。储层垂向分布于水平潜流带高角度溶缝、半充填的溶蚀孔洞、粒间溶孔和晶间溶孔,以及垂直渗流带半充填的高角度溶缝和中小型溶蚀孔洞;储层平面分布于岩溶高地和岩溶斜坡古地貌单元,发育滑塌堆积物、溶洞、溶孔和溶缝等储集空间。研究区裂缝发育,与溶蚀孔洞相互沟通,明显改善碳酸盐岩储层的渗透性能。加里东中期—海西早期构造运动导致的地层长期暴露剥蚀、断裂活动和裂缝发育是风化壳岩溶储层形成的主要原因,东部断裂带鹰山组碳酸盐岩为勘探首选目标。  相似文献   

10.
为了研究哈拉哈塘地区奥陶系碳酸盐岩岩溶古地貌及岩溶储层发育规律,基于地震、钻井、岩心、薄片分析,采用“残厚与地层古构造趋势面结合”方法对古地貌、古水系进行恢复刻画,划分为3种二级地貌类型,6种三级地貌类型和若干微地貌形态。在岩石化学特征及储层物性研究基础上结合古岩溶缝洞充填方解石碳氧同位素特征,对古岩溶发育及充填期次进行分析。结果表明:后期溶蚀孔、溶洞和溶蚀裂缝是该区主要储集空间;充填方解石δ13C和δ18O值变化范围较大,δ13CPDB值为-4.17‰~1.59‰,平均值为-1.05‰;δ18OPDB值为-15.71‰~-5.17‰,平均值为-11.15‰。并划分为海相沉积充填环境、大气淡水充填环境、浅埋藏沉积充填环境和深部埋藏高温环境4种不同的古岩溶作用期次。   相似文献   

11.
A study was conducted on Cu, Zn, Cd, Fe, Co and Ni levels in Saanich Inlet anoxic seawater. Data on the concentration of these trace metals and H2S, and other oceanographic parameters were obtained in four cruises. Equilibrium models are presented together with in situ data. The results strongly support the assumption that the solubilities of Cu, Zn, Cd, Fe, Co and Ni are controlled by bisulfide and/or polysulfide complexes. The species of Cu, Zn, Cd and Ni are shown to be Cu(S4) 2 3− and Cu(Sn4S5)3−, Zn(HS) 2 0 and ZnHS 2 − , Cd(HS) 2 0 and Ni(HS) 2 0 , respectively. The solid species controlling Fe2+ and Co2+ are respectively the pyrohotites FeS and CoS. The data illustrates that thermodynamic equilibrium has been established in the H2S-controlled seawater of Saanich Inlet, and that equilibrium has not been established in the H2S−O2-coexisted seawater of Saanich Inlet. The lack of equilibrium in the H2S−O2-coexisted seawater is a result of the flushing or mixing of oxygenated seawater with anoxic water. The new species of trace metals are still in the processes of reduction and precipitation. Contribution No. 1428 from Institute of Oceanology, Academia Sinica  相似文献   

12.
Aquaculture production efficiency may increase by using feed additives. This study investigated the effects of different dietary additives [w/w: 2% small peptides, 0.01% probiotics( Bacillus licheniformis) and 0.2% prebiotics(inulin)] on growth performance, digestive enzyme activities, and oxidative stress in juvenile Epinephelus coioides reared in artificial seawater of two salt concentrations(13.5 vs. 28.5). Weight gain rate was significantly higher in fish fed the diet supplemented with small peptides, B. licheniformis, inulin, or synbiotics than that in fish fed the basal diet; the greatest weight gain rate was found in fish fed the small peptide treatment [56.0% higher than basal diet]. Higher feed efficiency was detected in fish fed the diet supplemented with small peptides than that of fish in the other dietary treatments. Total protease activity in the stomach and intestines was highest in fish fed the small peptide-treated diet, whereas lipase activity was highest in those fed synbiotics(combination of Bacillus licheniformis and inulin) than that in fish fed the other treatments. Antioxidant enzyme(total superoxide dismutase and catalase) activities and hepatic malondialdehyde content were higher in fish receiving the dietary supplements and maintained in artificial seawater containing 13.5 salinity compared with those in the control(28.5). Hepatic catalase activity in grouper fed the diets with small peptides or synbiotics decreased significantly compared with that in control fish. Overall, the three types of additives improved growth rate of juvenile grouper and digestive enzymes activities to varying degrees but did not effectively improve antioxidant capacity under low-salinity stress conditions.  相似文献   

13.
The contents of nearly forty-elements in surface sediments in Jiaozhou Bay were determined using a Neutron Activation Analysis Technique(Grancini,et al.,1976;Li Peiquan et al.,1985,1986;Li Xiuxia etal.,1986).This paper's detailed discussion on only nine elements(Fe,Mn,Co,Cr,Sc,As,Sb,Zn andV)includes their distributions,concentrations,correlationships,material sources,background,etc.Based on Zavaristski's classification method,Fe,Mn,Co Cr and V belong to the second group;As and Sb to theeighth groups:Sc and Zn to the third and sixth groups.It was found that their notably good correla-tionship is mainly due to the similarity of their ionic structures and that their variation is controlled by theFe content(except Mn).The source of sediments is mainly terristrial material,and the composition ofsediment is similar to that of shale and shale+clay.The contents for a large number of ele-ments are within the scope of the background level,but there still is pollution of Zn and Cr,at least in a few stations.  相似文献   

14.
Porosity (n) and Dispersivity (D) were modeled in relation to Solute Transport Time (t) in a saturated, homogeneous, isotropic, unconfined aquifer using the MOC model. It was noted that n and D have an important influence on solute transport time t in groundwater, with a consistently strong and direct relationship between n, D, and t. In the case of porosity, the relationship was found to be directly related to t when other aquifer properties remained unchanged. This was also mathematically argued using a form of the flow equation put forward by Henry Darcy (1856). Dispersivity on the other hand had somehow the same relationship with solute transport time t as porosity, but with much less effect. That is, higher dispersions lead to longer solute transport time within the aquifer system. This was because as the individual solute particles set off from the average seepage velocity, they traversed through longer distances due to tortuosity, mechanical mixing, diffusion, and microscopic heterogeneity latent in the porous media. Also when n and D were co- treated over t, n was noted to be dominant over D with regard t. This follows that the effect of porosity on solute transport time far out shadowed that of dispersivity. Stated in other words, the dispersivity of a substance in any porous medium is to a large extent a function of the porosity of that medium.  相似文献   

15.
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16.
Photo-protective functions were investigated in phytoplankton assemblages at Kongsfjorden, Svalbard in spring, using their UV-absorbing compounds (mycosporine-like amino acids (MAAs)), xanthophyll pigments (diadinoxanthin (DD) and diatoxanthin (DT)) and < beta >- dimethylsulphoniopropionate (< beta >-DMSP). The dominant phytoplankton species in the inner bay were dominated by Phaeocystis spp. and nanoflagellates, while the offshore waters were dominated by Thalassiosira spp. In the inner bay, UVabsorbing compounds and xanthophyll pigments exhibited higher ratios of MAA to chlorophyll a (MAA:chl a ratio), and both DD and DT to chlorophyll a (DD:chl a ratio and DT:chl a ratio), respectively. Thus, the photoprotective-pigments such as DD and DT appear to complement MAAs in the natural phytoplankton assemblage. However, the ratio of < beta >-DMSP to chlorophyll a (< beta >-DMSP:chl a ratio) did not show a distinct spatial distribution according to environmental factors or interspecies differences. In this study, we found that photoprotective compounds occurred in a manner dependent on the phytoplankton species composition in Kongsfjorden Bay, where Phaeocystis is the dominant species.  相似文献   

17.
Phytoplanktonic desmids community in Donghu Lake, Wuhan,China   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
1 INTRODUCTION Donghu Lake (30o33′N, 114o23′E) is a shallow medium sized freshwater lake in Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China and about 5 kilometers away from the Changjiang (Yangtze) River. Before the 1960s, the water surface area was about 27.8 km2. The lake water was clear and the pH ranged from 6 to 7. The shallow area of the lake abounded with macrophytes. The phytoplanktonic and peripheral desmids were very abundant also in this lake. In the late 1960s, Donghu Lake with tota…  相似文献   

18.
To improve our knowledge of glacier change in the Tanggula Mountains located in the northeast of the Tibetan Plateau, we delineated outlines of the glaciers in 1991 and 2015 using Landsat TM/OLI images and compared them with the reported glacier data in the First Chinese Glacier Inventory in 1969 and the Second Chinese Glacier Inventory in 2007. These comparisons showed that the glacier area and ice volume decreased by 524.8 km~2 and 37 km~3, respectively. The majority of the glacier area loss was concentrated in the area class of 1-5 km~2, between 5300 m and 5500 m in elevation, on north and east facing slopes and in the Dam Qu River basin. These glacier changes exhibited spatial and temporal differences. The glacier retreat rategradually increased from 1969 to 2015, and the rate in the east was higher than that in the west. From 1969 to 2015, the warming rate in the Tanggula Mountains was 0.38°C/10 a, while the annual precipitation only increased by 0.4%. The slight increase in the amount of precipitation made a limited contribution to glacier change, while the change in temperature led to noticeable shrinkage of the glaciers. Contrary to the retreat or stagnation of most glaciers in the study area,there were 10 glaciers that experienced clear advance in 1986-2015 with noticeable increases in both area and length. Whether or not these 10 glaciers are surge glaciers requires further study.  相似文献   

19.
Microstructure profiling measurements taken on a shallow Black Sea shelf and in Lake Banyoles and Boadella reservoir (Both in Spain) are analyzed to investigate the influence of boundary-layer-induced turbulence of various sources on mixing in the water interior. The state of turbulence in shallow waters is examined and details of microstructure data processing and error analysis are discussed. The dependence between averaged activity parameter AG and buoyancy Reynolds number Reb for the shelf turbulence indicates that for Reb < 1 the state of turbulence can be described by the fossil turbulence model, which postulates AG-Reb1/2. For Reb> 1, however, the influence of Reb on AG is weak, signifying that the buoyancy Reynolds number can no longer serve as the governing parameter for active turbulent mixing. The generation of turbulence by a one-minute long wind bursts (the Boadella reservoir) increases the averaged dissipation rate (e) of the surface mixed layer by more than 5 times (up to 3×10-6 W kg-1). The influence of the wind bursts was also traced below the ther-mocline, where turbulent patches with  相似文献   

20.
The Liangshui Natural Reserve in Heilongjiang Province of China was selected as the study area. The authors collected the samples of forest litter （Tilia amurensis, Fraxinus mandshurica, Pinus koraiensis, Acer mono, Betula costata, and mixed litter）, soil in humus horizon （0--5cm） and soil horizon （5-20cm）, and soil macrofauna （Oligochaeta, Geophiloporpha and Juliformia） from 2001 to 2002. The role of soil macrofauna in the material cycle was analyzed through comparing the macro-element contents among various parts of the subsystems and using enrichment index （El）. The results indicate that dynamic changes of various litters are very complicated. The contents of Fe in each kind of litter increase firstly, and then decrease in the study period. The changes of macro-element contents are greater in the broad-leaf litter than in the coniferous litter, and the mixed litter is in the middle level, but the differences among them are not significant. The contents of Mg and Fe in humus are higher than those in soil, but the contents of Ca in soil are higher than that in humus. The dynamic changes of macro-element contents in soil and soil fauna are not consistent with those in litter. The diplopod presented obvious enrichment of Ca and Mg （E1〉1）, but it does not significantly enrich Fe. Earthworm has a stronger enrichment ability of Fe than diplopod and scolopendra, but E1〈1. Soil fauna can make great influences on the material cycle of the subsystems.  相似文献   

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