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1.
郑秀才 《地球科学与环境学报》1996,(1)
鄂尔多斯盆地中部下奥陶统马家沟组第五段第四亚段（马五４亚段）储层经历了成岩环境为海底、早期大气淡水、浅埋、表生大气淡水和埋藏环境．控制孔隙演化的主要成岩作用是准同生白云石化、溶解、破裂和充填作用。储层孔隙类型多样，非均质性强，受控于岩相和成岩作用，尤其是表生溶解作用． 相似文献
2.
马五段盐下碳酸盐岩储集层是鄂尔多斯盆地重要和新拓展的油气探勘领域,近期在盆地中部的该层λ取 得了重要突破,展示出马五段盐下的巨大探勘潜力.基于岩心薄片观察、测?井及储层物性等资料,分析总结了 马五段盐下碳酸盐岩储层成岩作用与孔隙演化.结果表明,马五段盐下发育一套台内丘滩相的碳酸盐岩储集体, 储层孔隙类型丰富且经历了多阶段多种成岩作用的共同改造,包括准同生白云石化、压实压溶、暴?溶蚀、埋藏重 结晶及胶结充填作用等.在孔隙演化过程中,准同生期大规模白云石化作用增强了储层岩石抗压能力,有利于原 生孔隙保存;随后丘滩体的局部暴?溶蚀是原生孔隙扩溶增大和优质储层形成的关键,产生了粒间溶孔、铸模孔、 窗格孔、溶洞等大量次生孔隙;埋藏成岩阶段相对高孔渗的丘滩储集层在地层流体的改造下发生强烈重结晶作 用,使储层岩石结构和孔隙空间得到优化调整,最终形成现今以晶间孔占主导的粉－细晶白云岩储层. 相似文献
3.
在大量样品测试数据与图像的综合分析基础上,通过沉积环境和沉积框架下系统地定性分析与定量描述研究区长81
砂岩储层成岩环境、成岩作用类型、成岩阶段及演化模式,认为研究区长81 储层现今成岩阶段处于中成岩A 期—B期的早期;在
不同成岩期次的建设性与破坏性成岩作用过程中砂岩骨架颗粒的几何特征、压实过程中颗粒的错位现象、胶结作用以及次生孔隙
发育特征控制着储层孔隙演化,进而控制着储层物性和渗流特征。基于上述研究,以砂体胶结物类型与孔隙演化特征标定建设性
与破坏性成岩作用并划分出绿泥石衬边残余孔-溶蚀相、高岭石+伊利石胶结残余孔-溶蚀相、绿泥石胶结溶蚀相、伊利石胶结
弱溶蚀相、强压实-碳酸盐+伊利石胶结相5个成岩相组合单元。室内实验对成岩相单元的定性分析与定量描述具有一致性以及
与储层建设性与破坏性成岩作用演化的吻合性,有效地表征了成岩作用演化对砂岩储层的影响。 相似文献
砂岩储层成岩环境、成岩作用类型、成岩阶段及演化模式,认为研究区长81 储层现今成岩阶段处于中成岩A 期—B期的早期;在
不同成岩期次的建设性与破坏性成岩作用过程中砂岩骨架颗粒的几何特征、压实过程中颗粒的错位现象、胶结作用以及次生孔隙
发育特征控制着储层孔隙演化,进而控制着储层物性和渗流特征。基于上述研究,以砂体胶结物类型与孔隙演化特征标定建设性
与破坏性成岩作用并划分出绿泥石衬边残余孔-溶蚀相、高岭石+伊利石胶结残余孔-溶蚀相、绿泥石胶结溶蚀相、伊利石胶结
弱溶蚀相、强压实-碳酸盐+伊利石胶结相5个成岩相组合单元。室内实验对成岩相单元的定性分析与定量描述具有一致性以及
与储层建设性与破坏性成岩作用演化的吻合性,有效地表征了成岩作用演化对砂岩储层的影响。 相似文献
4.
海相碳酸盐岩储层在孔隙度—波速转化关系中,对于给定的孔隙度,岩石波速呈现明显的波动。这种现象的根源在于
碳酸盐岩的复杂成岩作用,它可引起储层地震解释和反演的多解性。因此,对于海相碳酸盐岩油气勘探而言,建立成岩作用与岩
石波速之间的预测关系是极为重要的。综述了国内外有关成岩作用与地震波速之间关系的研究成果,为了解成岩作用过程中岩
石波速的变化行为奠定了一定的基础。研究发现,成岩历史、孔隙类型、白云石类型的差异均可造成碳酸盐岩储层波速对于给定
的孔隙度出现明显波动:在孔隙度一定的情况下,经历早期胶结作用的储层波速低于经历早期压实作用的储层波速,以微孔隙为
主的储层波速明显低于以铸模孔隙或骨架内孔隙为主的储层波速,砂糖状白云石储层波速低于具有白云石胶结物的储层波速。
在此基础上,以四川盆地飞仙关组鲕粒滩为例,通过地震剖面模拟实验发现,与优质储层形成有关的成岩相在地震剖面上响应明
显,地震反射表现为连续性好、振幅强,这说明根据地震资料进行储层成岩相的预测是可行的。建议今后应加强成岩作用与岩石
波速之间关系的研究,为国内深部海相碳酸盐岩油气勘探提供指导。 相似文献
碳酸盐岩的复杂成岩作用,它可引起储层地震解释和反演的多解性。因此,对于海相碳酸盐岩油气勘探而言,建立成岩作用与岩
石波速之间的预测关系是极为重要的。综述了国内外有关成岩作用与地震波速之间关系的研究成果,为了解成岩作用过程中岩
石波速的变化行为奠定了一定的基础。研究发现,成岩历史、孔隙类型、白云石类型的差异均可造成碳酸盐岩储层波速对于给定
的孔隙度出现明显波动:在孔隙度一定的情况下,经历早期胶结作用的储层波速低于经历早期压实作用的储层波速,以微孔隙为
主的储层波速明显低于以铸模孔隙或骨架内孔隙为主的储层波速,砂糖状白云石储层波速低于具有白云石胶结物的储层波速。
在此基础上,以四川盆地飞仙关组鲕粒滩为例,通过地震剖面模拟实验发现,与优质储层形成有关的成岩相在地震剖面上响应明
显,地震反射表现为连续性好、振幅强,这说明根据地震资料进行储层成岩相的预测是可行的。建议今后应加强成岩作用与岩石
波速之间关系的研究,为国内深部海相碳酸盐岩油气勘探提供指导。 相似文献
5.
塔里木盆地是我国最大的含油气盆地,拥有巨大的油气资源潜力。但塔中地区奥陶系岩溶缝洞型储层埋藏深、类型复
杂、储层非均质性强,所表现出的岩石地球物理特性不清楚。为了分析典型缝洞型储层模型含不同流体情形下的AVO特征,建立
了过玉北1井的缝洞型储层地震地质模型,模型的3个储层段对应的孔隙度分别为10%,6%和8%,分别对应Ⅰ类储层、Ⅲ类储层
和Ⅱ类储层,设计了3个储层段都充填气和3个储层段分别充填气、油、水3种不同流体时的2个模型,基于正演模拟共成像点道
集记录(CMP),提取截距、梯度、纵横波反射系数及流体因子,采用AVO属性交汇分析方法,寻找油气识别的最佳属性组合,为叠
前反演解释提供理论基础。 相似文献
杂、储层非均质性强,所表现出的岩石地球物理特性不清楚。为了分析典型缝洞型储层模型含不同流体情形下的AVO特征,建立
了过玉北1井的缝洞型储层地震地质模型,模型的3个储层段对应的孔隙度分别为10%,6%和8%,分别对应Ⅰ类储层、Ⅲ类储层
和Ⅱ类储层,设计了3个储层段都充填气和3个储层段分别充填气、油、水3种不同流体时的2个模型,基于正演模拟共成像点道
集记录(CMP),提取截距、梯度、纵横波反射系数及流体因子,采用AVO属性交汇分析方法,寻找油气识别的最佳属性组合,为叠
前反演解释提供理论基础。 相似文献
6.
轮南古潜山轮古7井区以东地区奥陶系碳酸盐岩遭受多期次的地质构造、岩溶作用及充填改造作用,岩溶缝洞系统发育,岩溶储层主要发育在一间房组、鹰山组地层内,垂向上发育在潜山面以下(200~300 m)范围内,储层类型分为裂缝型、孔洞型、裂缝-孔洞型、洞穴型岩溶储层。通过采集28个岩溶充填物样品进行碳氧同位素地球化学分析,研究了缝洞充填物的充填期次及充填环境特征。分析表明,轮古7井区以东奥陶系碳酸盐岩古岩溶缝洞系统充填物的δ13C和δ18O值的变化范围较大,δ13CPDB值为-7.82‰~6.03‰,平均值为-1.20‰;δ18OPDB值为-16.13‰~-7.24‰,平均值为-10.97‰,说明该区碳酸盐岩溶蚀作用过程中受到大气降水作用明显,反映了古风化壳岩溶环境,划分了4种不同的岩溶作用与充填期次。 相似文献
7.
碳酸盐岩储层中的成岩作用一般被分作“建设性的”和“破坏性的”。但常见的如白云岩化和溶蚀作用并非都一定是建
设性的,而胶结作用也并非只具破坏性。将那些使碳酸盐岩储层孔隙(主要是部分原生孔隙和早期次生孔隙)得以保持的成岩作
用归为“保持性成岩作用”。保持性成岩作用对深部碳酸盐岩储层的发育至关重要。对典型的礁、滩相碳酸盐岩孔隙的研究表明,
早期溶蚀、白云岩化均可在早期成岩阶段形成大量次生孔隙,保持性成岩作用可使部分原生孔隙和早期次生孔隙保存下来,并构
成现今深部储层的主要储集空间。从岩石结构、地层压力和地层流体对孔隙的保持或改造3个方面,把碳酸盐岩中的保持性成岩
作用分为岩石结构改造型、地层压力改造型和过度胶结抑制型3类。 相似文献
设性的,而胶结作用也并非只具破坏性。将那些使碳酸盐岩储层孔隙(主要是部分原生孔隙和早期次生孔隙)得以保持的成岩作
用归为“保持性成岩作用”。保持性成岩作用对深部碳酸盐岩储层的发育至关重要。对典型的礁、滩相碳酸盐岩孔隙的研究表明,
早期溶蚀、白云岩化均可在早期成岩阶段形成大量次生孔隙,保持性成岩作用可使部分原生孔隙和早期次生孔隙保存下来,并构
成现今深部储层的主要储集空间。从岩石结构、地层压力和地层流体对孔隙的保持或改造3个方面,把碳酸盐岩中的保持性成岩
作用分为岩石结构改造型、地层压力改造型和过度胶结抑制型3类。 相似文献
8.
渤中凹陷奥陶系碳酸盐岩在沉积后经历了漫长的地质改造,不同成岩作用改造使储层极为复杂,因此识别不同成岩环境对潜山储层预测具有一定意义。通过岩石薄片观察、扫描电镜、阴极发光等分析确定研究区奥陶系碳酸盐岩经历了正常海水成岩环境、大气淡水成岩环境和埋藏成岩环境,储层储集空间以溶蚀作用引起的次生孔隙和裂缝为主,物性中等,储层非均质性强。结合区域构造演化,镜下特征,碳、氧同位素分析及包裹体分析表明虽然在大气淡水成岩环境及埋藏成岩环境下均有溶蚀作用发生,但对该区下古生界碳酸盐岩储层影响最大的是古生代-中生代期间大气淡水环境下的表生岩溶作用,构造运动导致地层抬升遭受长时间风化淋滤从而改善了储层物性,而埋藏环境下溶蚀改造对储层物性改造有限;新近纪期间深埋环境下大规模胶结作用是本区奥陶系储层物性降低的主要因素。 相似文献
9.
根据薄片、铸体薄片、扫描电镜、X-射线衍射及化验分析等资料,对延长油气区山2段储层的岩石学特征、成岩作用类型
和阶段划分及其对孔隙的影响进行了研究。研究表明,该区山2段储层砂岩以石英砂岩、岩屑质石英砂岩为主,成分成熟度较高,
结构成熟度较低。成岩作用类型主要包括:压实作用、胶结作用和溶蚀作用。砂岩经历了早成岩阶段A、B期和晚成岩阶段A1、
A2 和B期的成岩演化阶段。压实作用和胶结作用是砂岩孔隙度降低的主要原因,分别造成19.5%和14%的原生孔隙丧失;溶解
作用形成的次生孔隙在一定程度上改善了砂岩储集性能,溶蚀作用增加的新孔隙平均为1.7%。 相似文献
和阶段划分及其对孔隙的影响进行了研究。研究表明,该区山2段储层砂岩以石英砂岩、岩屑质石英砂岩为主,成分成熟度较高,
结构成熟度较低。成岩作用类型主要包括:压实作用、胶结作用和溶蚀作用。砂岩经历了早成岩阶段A、B期和晚成岩阶段A1、
A2 和B期的成岩演化阶段。压实作用和胶结作用是砂岩孔隙度降低的主要原因,分别造成19.5%和14%的原生孔隙丧失;溶解
作用形成的次生孔隙在一定程度上改善了砂岩储集性能,溶蚀作用增加的新孔隙平均为1.7%。 相似文献
10.
塔西南玉北地区奥陶系主要发育开阔台地相和局限台地相碳酸盐岩。通过对玉北地区奥陶系碳酸盐岩岩心、薄片、碳氧同位素数据等的分析,并结合该区构造演化史,得到了该区奥陶系各组的成岩演化序列。其中蓬莱坝组的成岩演化序列为早奥陶世海水成岩阶段-早奥陶世同生期大气淡水成岩阶段-埋藏成岩阶段;鹰山组的成岩演化序列为早奥陶世海水成岩阶段-早奥陶世浅埋藏成岩阶段-加里东中期Ⅰ幕表生成岩阶段-中奥陶世浅埋藏成岩阶段-加里东晚期表生成岩阶段-志留纪浅埋藏成岩阶段-海西早期成岩阶段-埋藏成岩阶段;良里塔格组的成岩演化序列为晚奥陶世海水成岩阶段-晚奥陶世浅埋藏成岩阶段-加里东晚期表生成岩阶段-志留纪浅埋藏成岩阶段-海西早期表生成岩阶段-浅埋藏至深埋藏成岩阶段。 相似文献
11.
The contents of nearly forty-elements in surface sediments in Jiaozhou Bay were determined using a Neutron Activation Analysis Technique(Grancini,et al.,1976;Li Peiquan et al.,1985,1986;Li Xiuxia etal.,1986).This paper's detailed discussion on only nine elements(Fe,Mn,Co,Cr,Sc,As,Sb,Zn andV)includes their distributions,concentrations,correlationships,material sources,background,etc.Based on Zavaristski's classification method,Fe,Mn,Co Cr and V belong to the second group;As and Sb to theeighth groups:Sc and Zn to the third and sixth groups.It was found that their notably good correla-tionship is mainly due to the similarity of their ionic structures and that their variation is controlled by theFe content(except Mn).The source of sediments is mainly terristrial material,and the composition ofsediment is similar to that of shale and shale+clay.The contents for a large number of ele-ments are within the scope of the background level,but there still is pollution of Zn and Cr,at least in a few stations. 相似文献
12.
氟、氯、溴、碘等卤族元素与人体健康的关系 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
卤族元素是人体的必需元素,正常情况下成人摄入量不超过F4 mg/d、C11.7～5.1g/d、I 100～200μg/d;少年不超过F 3 mg/d,儿童I1μg/kg-d,婴儿Cl0.3～1.2 g/d.过量摄入或缺乏卤族元素,都可能导致疾病的发生.而F含量0.5～1.0mg/L、C1＜50mg/L、Br＞100μg/L、I 10～100μg/L的饮用地下水,有利于人体健康. 相似文献
13.
A study was conducted on Cu, Zn, Cd, Fe, Co and Ni levels in Saanich Inlet anoxic seawater. Data on the concentration of these
trace metals and H2S, and other oceanographic parameters were obtained in four cruises.
Equilibrium models are presented together with in situ data. The results strongly support the assumption that the solubilities
of Cu, Zn, Cd, Fe, Co and Ni are controlled by bisulfide and/or polysulfide complexes. The species of Cu, Zn, Cd and Ni are
shown to be Cu(S4)
2
3−
and Cu(Sn4S5)3−, Zn(HS)
2
0
and ZnHS
2
−
, Cd(HS)
2
0
and Ni(HS)
2
0
, respectively. The solid species controlling Fe2+ and Co2+ are respectively the pyrohotites FeS and CoS. The data illustrates that thermodynamic equilibrium has been established in
the H2S-controlled seawater of Saanich Inlet, and that equilibrium has not been established in the H2S−O2-coexisted seawater of Saanich Inlet. The lack of equilibrium in the H2S−O2-coexisted seawater is a result of the flushing or mixing of oxygenated seawater with anoxic water. The new species of trace
metals are still in the processes of reduction and precipitation.
Contribution No. 1428 from Institute of Oceanology, Academia Sinica 相似文献
14.
《中国海洋湖沼学报》2017,(1)
Aquaculture production efficiency may increase by using feed additives. This study investigated the effects of different dietary additives [w/w: 2% small peptides, 0.01% probiotics( Bacillus licheniformis) and 0.2% prebiotics(inulin)] on growth performance, digestive enzyme activities, and oxidative stress in juvenile Epinephelus coioides reared in artificial seawater of two salt concentrations(13.5 vs. 28.5). Weight gain rate was significantly higher in fish fed the diet supplemented with small peptides, B. licheniformis, inulin, or synbiotics than that in fish fed the basal diet; the greatest weight gain rate was found in fish fed the small peptide treatment [56.0% higher than basal diet]. Higher feed efficiency was detected in fish fed the diet supplemented with small peptides than that of fish in the other dietary treatments. Total protease activity in the stomach and intestines was highest in fish fed the small peptide-treated diet, whereas lipase activity was highest in those fed synbiotics(combination of Bacillus licheniformis and inulin) than that in fish fed the other treatments. Antioxidant enzyme(total superoxide dismutase and catalase) activities and hepatic malondialdehyde content were higher in fish receiving the dietary supplements and maintained in artificial seawater containing 13.5 salinity compared with those in the control(28.5). Hepatic catalase activity in grouper fed the diets with small peptides or synbiotics decreased significantly compared with that in control fish. Overall, the three types of additives improved growth rate of juvenile grouper and digestive enzymes activities to varying degrees but did not effectively improve antioxidant capacity under low-salinity stress conditions. 相似文献
15.
16.
孙建中 《地球科学与环境学报》1993,(Z2)
这里所指示的大气圈、水圈、岩石圈、生物圈以及人类的作用千变万化,从而对人类的生存造成巨大影响,构成了一个复杂的生态环境,讨论这些问题,对人类生存至关重要。 相似文献
17.
Monthly investigations were mae on the population of Chinese freshwater crab,Sinopotamon yangtsekiense Bott, 1967 from April, 1984 to March, 1985. The data on 4413 specimens show that the growth was affected mainly by temperature.
During the April to November growth period, the crabs' major development occurred from June through October. One year was
required for a fine white oocyte to develop into a mature egg. The reproduction period was June–October. Females bearing eggs
were taken from June–August, and crabs with young were found from July–October. The females reproduced once a year but could
for more than one year. The number of eggs carried by a female varied greatly according to the size of the crab, ranging from
30 to 100 eggs. New-born crabs become mature after 1–2 years. The sex ratio was approximately 1∶1 in the overall population.
However, the larger crabs are predominantly male. The age distribution ofS. yangtsekinese was estimated from size frequency histograms. There were more adult crabs (over 70%) from June to October and more immature
crabs (over 50%) from November to May. 相似文献
18.
Monthly investigatiom were made on the population of Chinese freshwater crab, Sinopotamon yangteskiense Bott, 1967 from April, 1984 to Match, 1985. The data on 4413 specimens show that the growth was affected mainly by temperature. During the April to November growth period, the crabs' major development occured from June through October. One year was required for a fine white oocyte to develop into a mature egg. The reproduction period was June-October. Females bearing eggs were taken from June-August, and crabs with young were found from July-October. The females reproduced once a year but could for more than one year. The number of eggs carried by a female varied greatly according to the size of the crab, ranging from 30 to 100 eggs. New-bom crabs become mature after 1-2 yeats. The sex ratio was approximately 1:1 in the overall population. However, the larger crabs are predominantly male. The age distribution of S. yangtsekinese was estimated from size frequency histograms. There were more adult crabs 相似文献
19.
A study was conducted on Cu, Zn, Cd, Fe, Co and Ni levels in Saanich Inlet anoxic seawaler. Data on the concentrations of these trace metals and H2S, and other oceanographic parameters were obtained in four cruisesEquilibrium models are presented together with in situ data. The" results strongly support the assumption that the solubilities of Cu, Zn, Cd, Fe, Co and Ni are controlled by bisulfide and /or polysulfide complexes. The species of Cu, Zn, Cd and Ni are shown to be Cu(S4)23- and Cu(S4S5)3-, Zn(HS)20 and ZnHS2-, Cd(HS)20 and Ni(HS)20 respectively. The solid species controlling Fe2 + and Co2+ are respectively the pyrohotites FeS and CoS. The data illustrates that thermodynamic equilibrium has been established in the H2S-controlled seawater of Saanich Inlet, and that equilibrium has not been established in the H2S-O2-coexisted seawater of Saanich Inlet. The lack of equilibrium in the H2S-O2-coexisted seawater is a result of the flushing or mixing of oxygenated seawater with anoxic water. The new s 相似文献
20.
从石漠化的研究现状出发,依据我国西南岩溶石山地区石漠化特征,着重分析其主要控制介质为岩性、构造、地貌、气候、岩溶、地下水、植被等自然介质因子与森林砍伐、高坡开垦等人为介质因子.石漠化是以岩溶山区脆弱的岩溶生态环境为基础,以内、外地质作用和人类恶性生态地质作用为驱动力,以资源退化和恶化为本质,基岩不断裸露,生态环境不断恶化,周而复始的恶性循环过程.提出对石漠化的研究重点是成因机理研究,对石漠化的防治应着重于对石漠化的驱动力及其主导因子的防治,阐述了治山必须先治水等防治对策与建议. 相似文献