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为准确认识松辽盆地梨树断陷高—过成熟烃源岩生烃潜力,有效推动梨树断陷油气勘探,笔者结合梨树断陷烃源岩发育特征,在梨树断陷双龙次凹优选低成熟烃源岩样品,开展地层孔隙热压模拟实验,建立了高—过成熟烃源岩有机碳恢复系数曲线和产烃率曲线,重新落实梨树断陷不同层系优质烃源岩空间展布特征和生烃潜力。结果表明,梨树断陷高—过成熟烃源岩有机碳恢复系数为1.4～2.4,总产烃率为(320～500) mg/g.TOC,总生烃量达33 821×106t油当量,其中沙二段为最主要的生烃层系,主力生烃区位于梨树断陷中部的洼陷带及其临近的八屋—十屋、东部斜坡、北部斜坡和小宽南地区。 相似文献
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地质条件下湖相烃源岩生排烃效率与模式 总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11
烃源岩排烃研究是油气地球化学研究中最薄弱的环节,而排烃效率又是准确评价常规油气与非常规页岩油气资源的关键参数。目前对于烃源岩排烃效率的认识差异很大,尚未建立完整的各种类型有机质湖相烃源岩在地质条件下生排烃效率与模式。本文以中国渤海湾、松辽等4个大型湖相含油气盆地以及酒泉青西凹陷、泌阳凹陷等9个中小型湖相富油盆地/断陷为对象,通过15000余个湖相烃源岩样品在自然热演化过程中热解生烃潜力指数的变化研究,揭示了湖相烃源岩在地质条件下的生排烃特征,构建了湖相烃源岩在地质条件下的生排烃效率与模型。无论是大型湖相沉积盆地还是中小型断陷盆地,甚至是盐湖相沉积盆地,烃源岩生排烃特征基本一致。随着成熟度的增高,湖相烃源岩排烃效率逐渐增高,在低成熟阶段排烃效率较低,在成熟与高成熟阶段具有高或很高的排烃效率。Ⅰ型、Ⅱ型有机质类型烃源岩排烃模式相似,相对排烃效率在低成熟阶段小于45%,成熟生油高峰时达85%~90%,至生油窗下限时达90%以上;累积排烃效率在低成熟阶段小于10%,生油高峰时达50%~60%,生油窗下限时达75%~85%,主要的排烃阶段在镜质组反射率0.7%~1.2%之间,生油窗阶段生成并排出了绝大部分烃类。湖相Ⅲ型有机质烃源岩排烃效率明显低于Ⅰ、Ⅱ型有机质烃源岩,生油窗阶段累积排烃效率仅为50%左右,主要生排烃阶段在镜质组反射率0.8%~2.0%之间。控制湖相烃源岩排烃量和排烃效率的主要因素是有机质丰度、类型和成熟度,而盆地类型、断裂发育程度、烃源岩沉积环境、相邻输导层孔渗条件等因素均不影响烃源岩排烃与排烃效率。 相似文献
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松辽盆地北部深层天然气系统成藏史研究 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
松辽盆地北部深层烃源岩有机质类型以Ⅲ型为主，烃源岩成熟度达到了湿度－干气阶段，为一个相对独立的天然气系统，对烃源岩的埋藏史，热史，生烃史的正演模拟和由包裹体均一温度确定的天然气运聚时间，与充注期次逆演相结合的研究表明，徐家围子断陷天然气成藏时间主要自早白垩世泉头期到白垩纪晚期，天然气系统的关键时刻为晚白垩世中晚期（72Ma)，莺山断陷的成藏时间早于徐家围子断陷，天然气系统关键时刻为晚白垩世早期（90Ma)，两个断陷均为一次性充注成藏，是一个保存期较长的天然气系统。 相似文献
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在辽河外围众多的晚中生代断陷盆地中，不同类型的盆地（单旋回或双旋回）其烃源岩演化特征各不相同。本文针对不同类型盆中的烃源岩，运用盆地模拟技术，通过分析烃源岩演化曲线，提出了烃源岩的三种演化模式，并依此分析了相应模式下的成藏特点。 相似文献
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生油岩需要一定的含烃量才能开始排烃,与此相对应的含油饱和度即为临界运移饱和度,它是油气资源评价的关键参数之一。迄今为止,国内外都是通过地质、地化资料估算该数值的,因出发点不同,数值相差甚大。本文就辽河断陷盆地的油源岩采用实验模拟其排烃过程的方法,确定了这一数值。 相似文献
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东营凹陷沙四段是渤海湾盆地优质烃源岩层,具有丰富的油气资源。选取沙四段烃源岩,运用IH-Tmax图,进行了演化趋势分析。采用溶胀实验对烃源岩的留烃能力进行模拟研究,结合该地区的生烃特征和生烃过程,对沙四段留-排烃史进行了恢复。部分样品是由同一生烃母质演化而来的,而且随着成熟度不断增加,可以视为一自然演化剖面。留烃量模拟显示,随着成熟度的增加,溶胀比下降,留烃量随之降低,其中未成熟样品留烃能力最强。液态烃中各组分的留烃量也不同,饱和烃留烃量最低,最容易从烃源岩中排出,而NSOs留烃量最大。将留烃史与盆地生烃史结合,得到东营凹陷沙四段的整个留-排烃过程。建立了自然演化系列样品留烃量的实验与评价方法。 相似文献
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以煤与海相泥岩的块状样品为研究对象进行多升温速率下的排烃模拟实验,借助生烃动力学方法处理实验模拟结果,对煤与海相泥岩的残留烃特征进行了研究。结果表明:海相泥岩残留烃在Ro为1.0%时达到高峰,然后逐渐降低,而煤中残留烃在Ro为1.0%时达到高峰后便基本上保持稳定。煤吸附能力比海相泥岩的强,其残留烃量也比海相泥岩大。成熟作用对于煤及海相泥岩残留烃都有很大的影响。高过成熟阶段海相地层中烃类构成以油藏或输导层中原油裂解气为主,源岩中的残余液态烃也有一定的贡献,而煤在排烃结束以后煤中分散液态烃对裂解气的贡献更大些。煤中残留烃主要是前期形成的烃类由于排烃效率不高而聚集起来的,而海相残留烃基本上随着残余生烃潜力的降低而降低,这一方面说明海相残留烃受生烃作用的影响,另一方面也受排烃效率的影响。模拟样品中的残留烃及残余生烃潜力均可以与自然样品对比,表明了该方法的实用性。 相似文献
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《《地质学报》英文版》2017,(5)
Significant differential hydrocarbon enrichment occurs in depressions in a petroliferous basin.There are multiple depressions in the Bohai Bay Basin, and each depression as a relatively independent unit of hydrocarbon generation, migration and accumulation, contains significantly different hydrocarbon generation conditions and enrichment degree. On the basis of previous documents and a large number of statistical data, this work comparatively analyzed the differential hydrocarbon enrichment and its major controlling factors in depressions of the Bohai Bay Basin. The results show that depressions in the Bohai Bay Basin have various hydrocarbon enrichment degrees, and can be categorized into four types, namely enormously oil-rich, oil-rich, oily and oil-poor depressions. In general, the enormously oil-rich and oil-rich depressions are distributed in the eastern part of the basin along the Tan-Lu and Lan-Liao faults, whereas depressions in the western part of the basin are poor in hydrocarbons. Moreover, the vertical distribution of hydrocarbons is also highly heterogeneous, with Pre-Paleogene strata rich in hydrocarbons in the northern and western depressions, Paleogene strata rich in hydrocarbons in the entire basin, and Neogene strata rich in hydrocarbons in the off-shore areas of the Bohai Bay Basin. From early depressions in onshore areas to the late depressions in offshore areas of the Bohai Bay Basin, the source rocks and source-reservoir-cap rock assemblages gradually become younger and shallower, and the hydrocarbon resource abundance gradually increases. Hydrocarbon supplying condition is the key factor constraining the hydrocarbon enrichment for different depressions,while the main source-reservoir-cap rock assemblage, sufficient hydrocarbons and the transportation capacity of faults control the vertical distribution of hydrocarbons. The main factors controlling hydrocarbon enrichment are different for different layers. The hydrocarbon supplying condition of source rocks is the key controlling factor, whereas the source-reservoir configuration, the main sourcereservoir-cap rock assemblages, and the fault transportation are the main factors of hydrocarbon enrichment in the Paleogene, Paleogene and Neogene, respectively. 相似文献
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Differential Hydrocarbon Enrichment and its Main Controlling Factors in Depressions of the Bohai Bay Basin 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
JIANG Youlu LIU Hu SONG Guoqi WANG Yongshi LIU Jingdong ZHAO Kai LYU Xueying 《《地质学报》英文版》2017,91(5):1855-1872
Significant differential hydrocarbon enrichment occurs in depressions in a petroliferous basin. There are multiple depressions in the Bohai Bay Basin, and each depression as a relatively independent unit of hydrocarbon generation, migration and accumulation, contains significantly different hydrocarbon generation conditions and enrichment degree. On the basis of previous documents and a large number of statistical data, this work comparatively analyzed the differential hydrocarbon enrichment and its major controlling factors in depressions of the Bohai Bay Basin. The results show that depressions in the Bohai Bay Basin have various hydrocarbon enrichment degrees, and can be categorized into four types, namely enormously oil-rich, oil-rich, oily and oil-poor depressions. In general, the enormously oil-rich and oil-rich depressions are distributed in the eastern part of the basin along the Tan–Lu and Lan–Liao faults, whereas depressions in the western part of the basin are poor in hydrocarbons. Moreover, the vertical distribution of hydrocarbons is also highly heterogeneous, with Pre-Paleogene strata rich in hydrocarbons in the northern and western depressions, Paleogene strata rich in hydrocarbons in the entire basin, and Neogene strata rich in hydrocarbons in the off-shore areas of the Bohai Bay Basin. From early depressions in onshore areas to the late depressions in offshore areas of the Bohai Bay Basin, the source rocks and source-reservoir-cap rock assemblages gradually become younger and shallower, and the hydrocarbon resource abundance gradually increases. Hydrocarbon supplying condition is the key factor constraining the hydrocarbon enrichment for different depressions, while the main source-reservoir-cap rock assemblage, sufficient hydrocarbons and the transportation capacity of faults control the vertical distribution of hydrocarbons. The main factors controlling hydrocarbon enrichment are different for different layers. The hydrocarbon supplying condition of source rocks is the key controlling factor, whereas the source-reservoir configuration, the main source-reservoir-cap rock assemblages, and the fault transportation are the main factors of hydrocarbon enrichment in the Paleogene, Paleogene and Neogene, respectively. 相似文献
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塔里木盆地气－液溶解平衡机制下的原油轻烃行为及其地质意义 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
塔北地区普遍存在气顶型凝析气藏和带油环的凝析气藏。与传统烃类热演化理论相矛盾的是：１）天然气的成熟度远高于油环原油或凝析油；２）高－过成熟天然气与同藏的原油间存在明显的物性不匹配。结合地质背景，认为这种矛盾是由后期形成的干气进入已形成的油藏并溶解原油轻烃这一过程所致，凝析气中的轻烃是气－液溶解平衡的产物。地质历史时期凝析气与油环分离或产生凝析油气藏或混入其它油藏的蒸发分馏作用过程导致了轻烃的油藏再分配，形成了塔北地区纵向上原油轻烃的“反序”分布趋势及某些参数的异常分布。认为烃类的气－液相溶解平衡作用是原始原油轻烃分布特征后期演变的主要控制机制之一。其实质是不同性质轻烃气液两相差异性分配基础上的物理化学分异过程。 相似文献
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塔北地区普遍存在气顶型凝析气藏和带油环的凝析气藏。与传统烃类热演化理论相矛盾的是:１）天然气的成熟度远高于油环原油或凝析油；２）高－过成熟天然气与同藏的原油间存在明显的物性不匹配。结合地质背景，认为这种矛盾是由后期形成的干气进入已形成的油藏并溶解原油轻烃这一过程所致，凝析气中的轻烃是气－液溶解平衡的产物。地质历史时期凝析气与油环分离或产生凝析油气藏或混入其它油藏的蒸发分馏作用过程导致了轻烃的油藏再分配，形成了塔北地区纵向上原油轻烃的“反序”分布趋势及某些参数的异常分布。认为烃类的气－液相溶解平衡作用是原始原油轻烃分布特征后期演变的主要控制机制之一。其实质是不同性质轻烃气液两相差异性分配基础上的物理化学分异过程。 相似文献
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中阿拉伯盆地是中东油气区油气资源最为富集的盆地。本文以该盆地油气田的最新资料为基础,结合盆地构造-沉积演化过程,应用石油地质综合研究方法,探讨该盆地油气的时空分布特征及主控因素。中阿拉伯盆地内发育3个主要含油气系统:下志留统含油气系统、侏罗系复合含油气系统和白垩系复合含油气系统。中阿拉伯盆地油气的层系分布表现为"下气上油",上二叠统—下三叠统储集层富集了盆地内78.9%的天然气可采储量和83.7%的凝析油可采储量,而上侏罗统—下白垩统则富集了盆地内81.9%的石油可采储量。区域上,中阿拉伯盆地的石油储量主要聚集于西海湾坳陷、迪布蒂巴赫(Dibdibah)坳陷、盖瓦尔(Ghawar)凸起和安纳拉(An N`ala)凸起,天然气和凝析油则在卡塔尔凸起更为富集。中阿拉伯盆地的油气分布主要受3个因素控制:优质区域盖层控制了油气的层系分布,主力烃源岩展布和优势运移路径控制了油气的区域分布,基底断裂和盐运动构成的圈闭控制了油气藏的形成与富集。 相似文献
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陈春峰 《沉积与特提斯地质》2019,39(3):84-91
在精细地震资料构造解释基础上,认为上新世—第四纪是南黄海盆地新构造运动的主要活动期,对应南黄海盆地第二个阶段的断裂活动期。垂向上,新构造运动具有早晚构造响应差异:早期南北向弱挤压背景下以张性正断层为主,晚期东西向两幕挤压背景下以逆断层和褶皱为主;平面上,新构造运动影响亦具有差异:北部坳陷活动强烈、正断层发育、逆断层少量,而南部坳陷活动较弱。新构造运动与北部坳陷烃源岩的生排烃时期吻合,断裂带是重要输导体系,也是重要的潜在成藏区。 相似文献
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张敏 《中国地球化学学报》2005,24(3):228-231
Light hydrocarbons, especially C7 isoalkanes, cyclopentanes, cyclohexanes and n-heptane in 540 oils from the Tarim Basin were studied systematically. The results suggested the K1 values [ （2-MH＋ 2,3-DMP）/（3-MH ＋ 2,4-DMP） ] of crude oils vary from a lowest value of 0.78, to a highest value of 1.54, but the K1 values of the majority of oil samples （80%） range from 0.90 to 1.20. However, the absolute contents of （ 2-methylhexane ＋ 2,3-dimethylpentane） and （ 3-methylhexane ＋ 2,4-dimethylpentane） in the total light hydrocarbons （ C4-C7 ） show a similar variation trend. The variation of K1 values of crude oils can suggest a typical sedimentary environment for source rocks. Therefore, according to the compositional characteristics of C7 light hydrocarbons in light of the steady-state catalytic hypothesis, nonmarine oils from the Yingmaili area and marine oils from the Tazhong uplift in the Tarim Basin were genetically classified. 相似文献
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从微观到宏观研究了盖层封闭特征,从垂向和侧向两个方面研究了断层的封闭特征,通过古流体势场恢复,研究了本区油气运聚形式。根据封盖条件、生储特征、运移特征,将延吉盆地东部坳陷划分了三个油气运聚系统,即德新地区封闭型运聚成藏系统、广兴—东风地区半封闭型油气运聚系统、延吉—东盛涌地区油气逸散系统。在油气运聚系统划分的基础上,对有利探区进行了预测。 相似文献
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This work discussed the origins, alteration and accumulation processes of the oil and gas in the Kekeya gas condensate field based on molecular compositions, stable carbon isotopes, light hydrocarbons, diamondoid hydrocarbons and biomarker fingerprints. A comparison study is also made between the geochemical characteristics of the Kekeya hydrocarbons and typical marine and terrigenous hydrocarbons of the Tarim Basin. Natural gas from the Kekeya gas condensate field is derived from Middle–Lower Jurassic coal measures while the condensates are derived from Carboniferous–Permian marine source rocks with a higher maturity. In the study area, both natural gas and condensates have experienced severe water washing. A large amount of methane was dissolved into the water, resulting in a decrease in the dryness coefficient. Water washing also makes the carbon isotopic compositions of the natural gas more negative and partially reverse. Considering that the gas maturities are higher than once expected, gas generation intensity in the study area should be much stronger and the gas related to the Jurassic coal measures could promise a greater prospecting potential. As a result of evaporative fractionation, the Kekeya condensates are enriched in saturates and lack aromatics. Evaporative fractionation disguises the original terrigenous characteristics of the light hydrocarbons associated with the natural gas, making it appear marinesourced. Thus, alteration processes should be fully taken into consideration when gas–source correlations are carried out based on light hydrocarbons. With the condensates discovered in the study area all being "migration phase", the pre-salt Cretaceous and Jurassic reservoirs may promise great exploration potential for the "residual phase" hydrocarbons. This research not only is of significance for oil and gas exploration in the southwest Tarim Basin, but also sheds light on the oil/gas-source correlations in general. 相似文献
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LI Mei 《《地质学报》英文版》2016,90(3):946-955
Chemical analysis of groundwater in petroliferous basins can be an effective way to determine the regional hydrogeological regime and to evaluate the preservation conditions of hydrocarbons. This paper presents the hydrochemical distribution of both individual aquifers and different structural units within the Palaeogene strata of the Gaoyou subbasin in the North Jiangsu Basin, east China. The results show that the salinity of the Palaeogene aquifers in the Gaoyou subbasin displays a systematic increase from the central deep depression to the periphery areas, and shows a reverse trend as the burial depth increases. Salinity maps of individual aquifers suggest that formation water in the deep layers at the centre of the study area probably retains original features of fresh lake water. Geofluids near the central deep depression of the Gaoyou subbasin migrate vertically through the Zhenwu and Hanliu faults, while those of the northern slope belt mainly flow laterally through aquifers. Both low and high salinity formation water can be found in the hydrocarbon producing areas. The low salinity zones commonly affected by infiltrated meteoric water are unfavourable conditions for the preservation of trapped hydrocarbons. 相似文献