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1.
辽宁金羊盆地羊D1井油砂地球化学特征及意义 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
在中国地质调查局沈阳地质调查中心实施的"羊D1"井的中侏罗统髫髻山组火山岩中见多处油气显示,取得了油气新发现。对该井已发现的2件油砂样品中的原油采用气相色谱-质谱技术(GC-MS)进行了分析测试,结果显示,2个油砂样品的地球化学特征一致,表现为链烷烃呈现出单峰态的分布,主峰碳数分别为C_(21)和C_(22),无明显奇碳数优势,姥植比值低;萜类化合物表现为,三环萜烷以C_(23)为主峰呈正态分布,C_(24)四环萜烷与C_(26)三环萜烷丰度相当,伽马蜡烷含量较高;甾类化合物表现为规则甾烷相对含量关系为C_(27)C_(29)C_(28),以C_(27)甾烷占优势的不对称"V"形分布。这些指标总体指示,原油为成熟油,对应烃源岩沉积于偏还原性的湖相环境,母质来源主要为藻类等低等水生生物,陆源高等植物也具有一定贡献。通过和周边的北票组烃源岩进行油岩对比研究发现,油砂样品中的原油可能来自于盆地内下伏的下侏罗统北票组烃源岩的贡献。研究结果说明,北票组在金羊盆地分布广泛,其烃源岩可能具有较好的生油潜力,金羊盆地是一个具有勘探潜力的含油气盆地。 相似文献
2.
侏罗系——白垩系界线年代研究 总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11
本文采用界线层型标定地层界线的方法，以河北滦平县井上－大店子和大北沟两界线层型剖面的生物地层研究结果，确定我国陆相侏罗系－白垩系界线在大北沟组与大店子组之间，对滦平县热河群下部及其下伏岩层中的火山岩层进行４０Ａｒ／３９Ａｒ法年代学研究，并推定侏罗系－白垩系界线年龄为１４０±１Ｍａ。 相似文献
3.
Through a detailed study of sequence boundaries, it is concluded that sequence stratigraphy is an independent regional and transitional stratigraphic system between local lithostratigraphy and global chronostratigraphy. Therefore, a new tripartite stratigraphic classification scheme has been proposed. By combining organically the concept of sequence boundaries with the GSSP, it is suggested that the GSSP should be chosen in a conformale portion of a related sequence boundary, and the boundary established in light of this concept is defined as the Best Natural Boundary (BNB). The definition of the BNB points out the working area and stratigraphic level for the GSSP. By referring to a case study of the Permian Guadalupian/Lopingian boundary, the concept of the BNB has been elaborated in detail, and it is proposed that the BNB of the Guadalupian and the Lopingian lies between the Mesogondolella granti Zone and the Ctarkina postbitteri Zone, which is also the sequence chronostratigraphic boundary between th 相似文献
4.
There are different opinions about the Permian/Triassic boundary and its correlation in the Daxian-Xuanhan area because of lacking typical lithological symbols and fossil criterions. Especially, it is very hard to determine the Permian/Triassic boundary in the Daxian-Xuanhan buried areas. This brings many difficulties to geological research and oil and gas exploration. Based on field investigation and studies of well cores, newly found fossils, lithological characteristics and well log analyses, the authors discussed the Permian/Triassic boundary in the Daxian-Xuanhan area and brought forward a specific scheme for its determination and regional correlation. 相似文献
5.
基于西藏聂拉木拉弄拉地区的格米格剖面新近逐层采集的菊石及缝合线研究,已识别出晚三叠世瑞替阶Choristoceras marshi组合,过渡带Neophyllites-Choristoceras组合,下赫塘阶Psiloceras calliphyllum组合和中赫塘阶Discamphiceras pleuronotum组合。作为东特提斯唯一的三叠系-侏罗系界线地层剖面,格米格菊石组合序列提供了特提斯范围内三叠/侏罗系界线菊石组合(或菊石带)以及地层对比的基础:Choristoceras marshi组合可以和欧洲,南美的秘鲁和智利的MARSHI菊石带,北美的内瓦达,不列颠哥伦比亚(加拿大)等地CRICKMAYI菊石带比较。Neophyllites-Choristoceras组合可和北美的内瓦达侏罗系底部TILMANNI菊石带Neophyllites和Choristoceras共生动物群比较。Psiloceras calliphyllum组合能够和北阿尔卑斯地区CALLIPHYLLUM菊石带比较, 证明北阿尔卑斯地区三叠系和侏罗系之间存在地层缺失。 相似文献
6.
侏罗系、白垩系间是显生宙唯一还没有定义系级GSSP的界线。生物演替在Thithonian期与Berriasian期之间不存在明显变化,很难找到可以进行全球对比的标志。作为中生代生物年代地层学主要划分依据的菊石类生物,亦受生物区系影响而难作为侏罗系、白垩系界线的标志。微体化石具有优势。近期,国际上趋于将瓮虫类Calpionella alpina带之底、钙质超微化石Nannoconus steinmannii minor和N.kamptneri minor二者的始现面作为侏罗系、白垩系界线,对应于极性带M19n.2n内部,年龄为145 Ma。国际地层划分与对比以海相为标准。中国侏罗系、白垩系以陆相地层发育为特征,与海相对比颇具难度。以陆相生物为标志的界线划分产生了地区性的生物年代地层格架,也形成了地方生物地层与国际年代地层对比的错位,导致中国陆相侏罗系、白垩系界线成为地学界争议的问题。本文认为,在综合考虑不同学科研究结果的同时,问题解决的实质是客观认识陆相生物对比的缺陷,结合考虑非生物的标准,如磁性地层、旋回地层和同位素测年的精度,获得超越相区的对比结果。基于陆相生物特点,着眼于宏观演化阶段来识别界线位置是问题解决的初期阶段。燕辽生物群与热河生物群是代表侏罗纪和白垩纪的两大生物演化类群,其间年龄可为土城子组顶部的139 Ma。这是为全方位研究而铺设的临时工作界线。今后将土城子组作为侏罗纪、白垩纪过渡地层而加大研究力度,有可能在该组顶部或其内部发现界线生物标志和同层位绝对年龄值,或许会使其向目前国际推荐年龄(145 Ma)更靠近一步;也不排除GSSP未定的国际侏罗系、白垩系界线年龄会向年轻方向变化,趋于139 Ma的Valanginian阶底界位置。 相似文献
7.
CSDP core Yaxcopoil-1 was drilled to a depth of 1,511 m within the Chicxulub crater. An organic-rich marly limestone near the base of the hole (1,495 to 1,452 m) was deposited in an open marine shelf environment during the latest Cenomanian (uppermost Rotalipora cushmani zone). The overlying sequence of limestones, dolomites and anhydrites (1,495 to 894 m) indicates deposition in various carbonate platform environments (e.g., sabkhas, lagoons). A 100-m-thick suevite breccia (894–794 m) identifies the Chicxulub impact event. Above the suevite breccia is a dolomitic limestone with planktic foraminiferal assemblages indicative of Plummerita hantkeninoides zone CF1, which spans the last 300 ky of the Maastrichtian. An erosional surface 50 cm above the breccia/dolomite contact marks the K/T boundary and a hiatus. Limestones above this contact contain the first Tertiary planktic foraminifera indicative of an upper P. eugubina zone P1a(2) age. Another hiatus 7 cm upsection separates zone P1a(2) and hemipelagic limestones of planktic foraminiferal Zone P1c. Planktic foraminiferal assemblages of Zone Plc to P3b age are present from a depth of 794.04 up to 775 m. The Cretaceous carbonate sequence appears to be autochthonous, with a stratigraphic sequence comparable to late Cretaceous sediments known from outside the Chicxulub crater in northern and southern Yucatan, including the late Cenomanian organic-rich marly limestone. There is no evidence that these sediments represent crater infill due to megablocks sliding into the crater, such as major disruption of sediments, chaotic changes in lithology, overturned or deep dipping megablocks, major mechanical fragmentation, shock or thermal alteration, or ductile deformation. Breccia units that are intercalated in the carbonate platform sequence are intraformational in origin (e.g., dissolution of evaporites) and dykes are rare. Major disturbances of strata by the impact therefore appear to have been confined to within less than 60 km from the proposed impact center. Yaxcopoil-1 may be located outside the collapsed transient crater cavity, either on the upper end of an elevated and tilted horst of the terrace zone, or even outside the annular crater cavity. The Chicxulub site thus records a large impact that predates the K/T boundary impact and mass extinction. 相似文献
8.
南雄盆地武台岗白垩系与古近系界线剖面研究进展 总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2
上湖洞、武台岗一带是上湖组命名的典型地区,富产哺乳动物化石,又是古新世早、中期哺乳动物群研究最早最详细的地区,但微体化石面貌不清,近年来在武台岗剖面浈水组上部至上湖组下部发现丰富的介形虫、腹足类和轮藻化石,介形虫属于扣星介动物群,可以划分出Porpocypris orbiculata带和P.sphaeroidalis带,并且P.sphaeroidalis与Bemalambda的始现点几乎一致,与大塘E/K界线剖面所见相同.建议以介形虫P.sphaeroidalis始现点来限定古近系的底界,把E/K界线划在 相似文献
9.
Stratigraphical and biological significance of negative carbon isotopic anomalies in the basal Cambrian series of Guizhou Province 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
The early Early Cambrian strata within the bounds of Guizhou Province are almost predominated by black shale deposition. Recently, however, the authors have found a section consisting of a set of mudstones interbedded with limestones at the basement of the Cambrian at Yingping, Fuquan County,Guizhou Province, which provides favorable conditions for the study of marine geochemical characteristics of the early Early Cambrian. The characteristics of intense negative carbon isotopic anomalies near the Precambrian/Cambrian boundary at Yingping, Fuquan County, Guizhou Province, can be correlated with those of global carbon isotopic anomalies at the same time on a global scale, corresponding to the intense negative carbon isotopic anomalies near the Neoproterozoic/Cambrian boundaries at the bottom of the Xiaowaitoushan Member, Huize, Yunnan Province, at the top of the Tsagaan 0loom Formation of Mongolia and at the top of the Salarmy Gol Formation of Siberia, as well as those observed in southwestern United States, Iran, Amman, Poland, Newfoundland, the Great Britain, Canada, etc. Negative carbon isotopic anomalies can be used as the important basis for the division of the Precambrian/Cambrian boundaries.There have been found 8 m-thick black shales and cherts below the intense negative carbon isotopic anomalies in this profile. In the black shales there have been found large amounts of fossils such as Bradoricla,gernus Archotuba, indicating that during the period of sedimentation of black shales under anaerobic conditions there would be large quantities of organic species living in the sea. But in the section of grayish-green mudstones interbedded with limestones with intense negative carbon isotopic anomalies almost no organic fossil has been found. This may imply that the anaerobic event seems to have little bearing on the mass extinction near the Precambrian/Cambrian boundary, whereas the intense negative carbon isotopic anomaly event appears to be more closely related to the mass extinction occurring near the Precambrian/Cambrian boundary. 相似文献
10.
A review of the scenarios for the Cretaceous/Tertiary (K/T) boundary event is presented and a coherent hypothesis for the
origin of the event is formulated. Many scientists now accept that the event was caused by a meteorite impact at Chicxulub
in the Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico. Our investigations show that the oceans were already stressed by the end of the Late Cretaceous
as a result of the long-term drop in atmospheric CO2, the long-term drop in sea level and the frequent development of oceanic anoxia. Extinction of some marine species was already
occurring several million years prior to the K/T boundary. The biota were therefore susceptible to change. The eruption of
the Deccan Traps, which began at 66.2 Ma, coincides with the K/T boundary events. It erupted huge quantities of H2SO4, HCl, CO2, dust and soot into the atmosphere and led to a significant drop in sea level and marked changes in ocean temperature. The
result was a major reduction in oceanic productivity and the creation of an almost dead ocean. The volcanism lasted almost
0.7 m.y.. Extinction of biological species was graded and appeared to correlate with the main eruptive events. Elements such
as Ir were incorporated into the volcanic ash, possibly on soot particles. This horizon accumulated under anoxic conditions
in local depressions and became the marker horizon for the K/T boundary. An oxidation front penetrated this horizon leading
to the redistribution of elements. The eruption of the Deccan Traps is the largest volcanic event since the Permian-Triassic
event at 245 Ma. It followed a period of 36 m.y. in which the earth’s magnetic field failed to reverse. Instabilities in the
mantle are thought to be responsible for this eruption and therefore for the K/T event. We therefore believe that the K/T
event can be explained in terms of the effects of the Deccan volcanism on an already stressed biosphere. The meteorite impact
at Chicxulub took place after the onset of Deccan volcanism. It probably played a regional, rather than a global, role in
the K/T extinctions. 相似文献
11.
建设项目用地的勘测定界,是加强土地管理,使用地审批工作科学化、制度化、规范化.本文论述了用地勘测定界的工作内容、工作方法及技术程序等. 相似文献
12.
The Pliocene-Pleistocene boundary, defined using pollen analysis, has been recorded in sections at the Belchatów outcrop, Kleszczów Graben, central Poland. The boundary is located at the top of the green clay subunit of the Tertiary Clayey-sandy unit. A pollen flora of Reuverian C type, dominated by pine, 10–20% of ‘Reuverian elements’ and scarce thermophilous Tertiary trees, was found directly below this subunit. Cold stage floras of Praetiglian type were, in turn, recorded in the ?ekińsko Formation, lying directly on the green clays. The Pliocene—Pleistocene transition at Belchatów demonstrates the characteristic features of this boundary in western Europe, that is, the disappearance of Tertiary thermophilous tree pollen taxa, followed by a cooling to open-forest or forest-steppe conditions. Both pollen analysis and geological data suggest continuous sedimentation at least from the Upper Pliocene to the Prae-Tiglian, with no change of sediment sources and no marked hiatuses. The fluvial deposits of the Praetiglian ?ekińsko Formation, although Pleistocene in age, mark a final period in the Tertiary evolution of the Kleszczów Graben. Later, there is a hiatus to the deposition of the first glacigenic sediments in the region possibly of Elsterian age. 相似文献
13.
通过对层序界面的详细剖析，指明了层序地层系统是独立存在于地方性的岩石地层系统和全球性的年代地层系统之间的区域性、过渡性地层系统，并因此提出了一个新的三重地层分类方案；通过将层序界面概念和界线层型概念有机地结合起来，提出了应该将全球层型剖面和点选在层序界面的整合部位从而建立最佳自然界线的观点，为建阶工作指出了工程层位和地区；以二叠纪Ｇｕａｄａｌｕｐｉａｎ统和乐平统的分界研究为实例，对最佳自然界线的概 相似文献
14.
中国南方二叠-三叠纪过渡时期的碳同位素旋回地层与突变事件 总被引：8，自引：4，他引：4
在中国南方晚二叠世至早三叠世初碳酸盐岩的Ｃ 同位素演化基础上, 考察了长兴阶层型剖面的高分辨率Ｃ 同位素旋回地层,发现长兴阶有三个Ｃ 同位素四级旋回,与吴家坪阶晚期的一个四级旋回共同组成了一个完整的三级旋回。与这种缓慢变化形成强烈对比的是：Ｐ／ Ｔ 界线上在１ ．５ ～２．６ 万ａ 左右的地球年时间中δ１３ Ｃ 突变为高负值, 形成剧烈负异常, 其中生物集群绝灭因素可能占２／３ 以上,变负幅度约５‰～６ ‰。二叠纪末生物集群绝灭的原因可能与大规模的火山爆发引起的气体增加和缺氧事件有关。 相似文献
15.
对泥河湾动物群(狭义)与欧洲维拉方经典动物群中属级相同的２０种哺乳动物进行形态和进化水平上的对比发现,其中有１１种(包括亚种)和晚维拉方期的 Ｏｌｉｖｏｌａ动物群的成员最接近,有４种可与中维拉方晚期的Ｓｅｎｅｚｅ动物群的成员比较,其中有２种因为仅发现于Ｓｅｎｅｚｅ,不足以说明它们一定只和泥河湾者接近。另外两种(Ｌｙｎｘ ｓｈａｎｓｉｕｓ和Ｐｓｅｕｄｏｄａｍａｅｌｅｇａｎｓ)确实和Ｓｅｎｅｚｅ者更接近而不同于Ｏｌｉｖｏｌａａ者。有两种动物(Ｂｏｒｓｏｄｉａ ｃｈｉｎｅｎｓｉｓ和Ｍｅｌｅｓ ｃｈｉａｉ)间接地表明泥河湾动物群可能和 Ｏｌｉｖｏｌａ更接近。还有 ３种时代意义不大。总之,对比表明泥河湾动物群(狭义)与欧洲晚维拉方早期的Ｏｌｉｖｏｌａ动物群最为接近,其年代应为１８Ｍａ左右,接近于海相Ｖｒｉｃａ剖面更新世／上新世界线(１．７９６Ｍａ)。 相似文献
16.
黄土高原南缘午城黄土底部火山碎屑的来源和成因 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
一种与多类撞击记录共存的灰黑色碎屑，发现于黄土高原南缘段家坡黄土地层剖面午城黄土底部Ｇａ／Ｍ边界（２．４８ＭａＢ．Ｐ．）附近，通过对此碎屑的矿物学和地球化学特征研究，表明它们最初是源自青藏高原北部及其邻近地区碱性玄武质火山喷发的碎屑物，后来又在表生条件下与黄土层一起经历了包括水解、成土化和氧化等作用在内的风化改造。此外，本文更为强调的是，在火山碎屑形成过程中存在具有富Ｎｉ和Ｃｅ，高Ｓｍ／Ｎｄ比以及低Ｅｕ／Ｓｍ比等特点的地外物质的参与，据以论证这种火山活动确系Ｎ／Ｑ界面撞击事件引发。在黄土地层中，深入研究各种类型的火山碎屑，无疑对全面探讨第四纪环境变迁有着十分重要的意义。关键词午城黄土底部松山－高斯边界火山碎屑风化作用地外物质新近的研究表明，第四纪气候和环境变迁往往与起因于撞击和火山事件的大量尘埃物质有关［１］，而地外物体的撞击又常能引发火山活动［２、３］，因此第四纪沉积物中的火山喷发空落堆积物研究，无疑应该引起更大的关注。火山学发展至今，对各种火山碎屑物质，已有十分详尽的研究［４、５］。从国内第四纪火山碎屑的研究现状来看，虽然丁国瑜等早在１９６４年就曾在河北平原及太行山东麓的黄土地层中，首次发现了火山碎屑堆。 相似文献
17.
TheMiddleandUpper~aninNorthCabhasbeenextenSiVelystudiedfor~yearSinbiostratigraphy(LuandDong,1953;Xiangatal.,1981;An,1982;Met,1993a,1993b).Ho~,thelithOStratigraphictntSwereunfortunatelydefinedbytrilobitezonesotherthanlithologitalcriteria,owingtothecomplicatedChangeSandt~itioninlithofades.CbnseqUentiy,thebio--,litho~andchronostrstigraphictntS~confuSed,asPOintedOuttosomeextentbyLuetal.(1994).Nevertheless,thezoningfossilsoftrilobiteSoCCUrredatthehorizonsSeparatedfromeachotherinseveralt… 相似文献
18.
The upper Qigeblaq Formation （Fm） dolostones and the Yurtus Fm phosphatic cherts, black shales, limestones, and dolostones are widely distributed in the Precambrian/Cambrian transitional succession of the Aksu-Wushi area. Negative δ13C excursion above the Yurtus Fm/ Qigeblaq Fm boundary was determined in this study. The pronounced negative carbon isotope excursion occurs in the phosphatic chert layers at the bottom of the Cambrian Yurtus Fm, below which the first appearance of the Asteridium- Heh＇osphaeridium-Comasphaeridium （AHC） acritarch assemblage zone. The δ13C curve of the lower part of the Yurtus Fm in the Aksu-Wushi area was found to be correlated with the early Cambrian δ13C curves of the Zhujiaqing Fm （Daibu Member）, the lower part of the Yanjiahe Fm on the Yangtze Platform in China, the lower Tal Fm in India, the Sukharikha Fm in Siberia, and the upper part of the Tsagaan Oloom Fm in Mongolia through biostigraphy. The lower part of the Yurtus Fm in the Tarim Basin is at the Nemakit-Daldynian stage, and the Precambrian/Cambrian boundary of the Aksu-Wushi area may be located in the phosphatic chert unit which just below the first appearance AHC acritarch assemblage zone. The negative δ13C excursion （N1） across the Precambrian/Cambrian boundary in the studied section may have resulted from oceanic overturning and sea level rise. 相似文献
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松辽盆地及周缘地区是白垩纪时期全球最大的陆地出露区,是开展陆相J/K界线研究的理想地区。但是,受制于盆内埋深大、盆缘露头出露不佳等原因,松辽盆地及周缘地区J/K界线发育区域及层段仍然存在较大争议。同时,对于陆相J/K界线划分与对比这样的重大疑难问题,其研究很难一步到位。总结一套影响广泛、区域对比性强的J/K界线区域对比框架性特征,可以有效聚焦目标区域和层段,为进一步的精细研究明确方向。系统梳理松辽盆地及周缘典型地区J/K界线上下地层中记录的区域构造背景、岩浆事件和生物宏观演化阶段可发现:(1)松辽盆地以西和以南地区晚侏罗世为块体碰撞后陆壳加厚坍塌或拆沉的伸展环境,早白垩世为推覆陆壳加厚坍塌或拆沉的伸展环境;松辽盆地晚侏罗世为碰撞后持续造山环境,早白垩世为双侧活动陆缘影响下的区域性伸展-裂陷环境;松辽盆地以东地区晚侏罗世—早白垩世可能为走滑构造背景。(2)松辽盆地及周缘地区晚侏罗世—早白垩世生物演化阶段表现为晚侏罗世燕辽生物群的衰落和白垩纪热河生物群的兴起,其中晚侏罗世孢粉组合以裸子植物花粉占绝对优势、高Classopollis含量为特征,早白垩世则以松柏类两气囊花粉占绝对优势、低Classopollis含量为特征。(3)冀北—辽西地区的土城子组、黑龙江东部的东安镇组和东荣组应是J/K界线进一步工作的重点层段,大兴安岭地区的满克头鄂博组、松辽盆地常家围子断陷及其以西至大兴安岭局部地区可以尝试开展J/K界线研究工作。 相似文献