共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
2.
利用2010—2017年跨断层近场形变观测资料,采用最小二乘法求解川滇菱形块体西侧主要活动断裂近场区域的应变参数,分析各断裂带上最大剪应变、应变率、面应变、面应变率的近场结果。结果显示:①程海断裂剪切活动北段强于南段,张压活动在2013年前后出现转折变化,具有分段特征,北段由压性转为趋势张性、南段由张压不明显转为压性变化;②红河断裂剪切活动中段最强、北段次之、南段最弱,面应变结果显示北、中段长期处于压性活动状态,南段目前张压活动不明显;③曲江断裂表现为弱剪切压性累积增强的活动特征;④石屏—建水断裂显示出弱剪切压性活动特征。综上分析认为研究区断裂活动特征表现为压性增强且剪切活动强或长期处于压性状态下的弱剪切活动的断裂存在应变积累,因此程海断裂南段、红河断裂北段、曲江、石屏—建水断裂地震危险性值得关注。 相似文献
3.
利用震源机制解确定应力分区的逐次收敛法,并结合水压致裂原地应力测量结果和断层滑动反演资料,对川滇地区应力分区进行了较为详细的厘定. 结果表明,2条北北西向近似平行的应力转换带将川滇地区分成3个应力区,2条应力转换带之间形成的川滇应力区的最大主应力sigma;1方位正好也是北北西向. 川滇应力区东边界（东边的应力转换带）基本上与川滇菱形块体的东边界相吻合;川滇应力区西边界（西边的应力转换带）与川滇菱形块体的西边界并不完全一致,西边的应力转换带的北段基本沿金沙江断裂带,与川滇菱形块体的西边界相一致,往南应力转换带并没有继续沿着川滇菱形块体的西南边界-红河断裂带,与东边的应力转换带形成交会,而是延续北北西走向,应力转换带的南段与营盘山断裂带相重合. 认为,在印度板块北移,青藏高原东侧物质南东向侧移,以及华南块体强烈阻挡的共同作用下,川滇地区构造应力场格局并不完全受已有构造的控制,而很有可能形成新的应力转换带. 相似文献
4.
小江断裂带是川滇菱形块体的东南边界断裂,是大型左旋走滑断裂。在总结已有研究成果的基础上,概述了小江断裂带空间展布、滑动速率、地震活动特征、强震地表破裂特征、地震危险性等方面的研究进展。已有研究结果表明,小江断裂带可分为北段、中段、南段,其中中段又可分为东支和西支。整条断裂带全新世的滑动速率为10 mm/a左右,其中北段和中段滑动速率为8～12 mm/a,南段滑动速率小于8 mm/a。小江断裂带沿线及周边地区地震频发,北段、中段地震活动性明显高于南段,强震活动具有明显的时空不均匀性,南段和巧家-东川段为地震空区,具有较高的强震危险性。通过对小江断裂带的论述,认为小江断裂带南段穿过红河断裂并向南延伸,但小江断裂带向南延伸模式及小江断裂带南段速度亏损是否由曲江断裂、石屏-建水断裂和红河断裂吸收,小江断裂带古地震是否与曲江断裂、石屏-建水断裂古地震相互影响,“Y”字形构造带吸收和调节模式还需进一步研究。 相似文献
5.
应用GPS观测技术专门研究活动断裂区带的地壳形变及其服务于地震预测的数据处理方法目前还不够完善与充分。本文针对这一问题并结合实际的需求,从场的角度提出了适合于断裂区带活动特征分析的数据处理方法,并以川滇菱形块体东边界带为例,依据1999-2004年的GPS资料对其进行了简要分析。结果表明:①经过这种处理与描述可使人们从多角度更清楚全面地了解断裂及两侧的相对活动,及在空间上的演化特征;②走滑运动等值线显示川滇菱形块体东边界两侧相对活动量最大达15 mm/a,分布宽度约400 km,然而活动量的2/3只分布在断层两侧近100km的范围内,清晰而定量地显现了高剪切应变的积累与存在的空间;③走滑运动梯度显示川滇形块体东边界带南段变形大于北段;④张压性运动结果显示断裂两侧没有明显的差异变化。 相似文献
6.
利用川滇地区1998～2002年间200多GPS点位的多期复测结果, 将川滇地区分为9个次级活动块体, 计算了各个活动块体的欧拉旋转矢量和主要活动断裂的运动速度, 并分析了该地区的应变场特征. 结果表明, 川滇地区的地壳运动速度具有北强南弱、西强东弱、以菱形块体为主顺时针旋转的特征; 菱形块体外各个块体运动速度大幅衰减; 与地质结果的差异表明, 川滇菱形块体的现今地壳运动由北往南逐渐增强; 青藏高原物质的侧东向挤出在滇中块体南部明显下降, 而丽江—小金河断裂带的吸收作用并不明显; 川滇地区以压应变为主,四川石棉和云南新平一带出现的应变集中地区也许具有发生中强地震的可能性. 相似文献
7.
《地震地质》2017,(3)
采用分层黏弹模型,考虑了川滇菱形块体东边界1480年以来34个强震和大地震的同震位错和震后黏滞松弛效应,以及各断层段的震间长期构造加载作用,计算了川滇菱形块体东边界18个断层段的断层面上的库仑应力变化随时间的演化。系统地研究了川滇菱形块体东边界鲜水河、安宁河、则木河、小江断裂带间的相互作用,分析断裂带各断层段之间、各断裂带之间先发生的地震对后发生地震的促进或延迟作用,进一步基于断层面上的库仑应力变化计算结果分析各断层段的强震危险性。应力触发的计算结果显示,各断裂带各断层段上先发生的强震可能触发后发生的强震,相邻断裂带上发生的强震之间也可能存在触发作用。各断层段上累积库仑应力变化随时间演化的计算结果显示,鲜水河断裂带的中段及南部磨西段、安宁河断裂带冕宁—西昌段、小江断裂带北部巧家—东川段和南部建水段的库仑应力增加显著,强震危险性值得关注。 相似文献
8.
9.
10.
川滇地区是我国地震灾害最为严重的地区之一,地震灾害评估对该地区的防震减灾具有重要意义,概率地震危险性分析是量化地震危险性的有效手段.这一方法要求使用可获得的最佳资料来计算地震的长期发生率.通过对比美国加州地区与我国川滇地区积累的资料发现,目前川滇地区的资料积累水平与加州地区正在使用的第三版加州地震破裂预测模型（UCERF3）的要求还有差距,但已可进行多学科综合地震概率计算.通过收集川滇地区地震地质、大地测量和测震学等资料,计算了川滇菱形块体及周边地区不同震级地震的长期发生率,在此基础上给出了未来30年泊松与非泊松分布下峰值地表加速度超越概率的分布.结果显示,在目标峰值加速度较低时,鲜水河断裂带、安宁河断裂带、则木河断裂带、小江断裂带、红河断裂带和小金河断裂带等川滇菱形块体主要边界带均具有较高的超越概率;在目标峰值加速度较高时,川滇菱形块体东边界的鲜水河断裂带、小江断裂带北段和南段以及莲峰—昭通断裂带仍具有较高的超越概率,但其中安宁河断裂带、则木河断裂带和小江断裂带中段概率相对较低.最后通过将本研究的结果与前人结果对比,讨论了结果异同的原因. 相似文献
11.
通过分析青藏高原东部的活动断裂资料和GPS速度场数据,试图阐述活动地块的几何学、运动学和形变特征。初步认为:(1)第四纪特别是晚更新世以来的活动地块边界带与早期的构造单元边界密切相关,但也具有明显的新生性;(2)根据两种资料推导出的各个活动地块的运动学特征基本上是吻合的,其中鲜水河-玉树-玛尼断裂带是一条重要的分界线,其南、北部活动地块的运动方式差异明显;(3)除了活动地块的边界带强烈活动外,各个地块内部也显示出很强的变形;(4)晚更新世以来,青藏高原地壳的运动学和形变特征表现为在印度板块挤压力作用下,活动地块在向NE方向的运动过程中遇到稳定地块阻挡,调节方式是地壳增厚以及南、北部地块分别向SE-SSE和NWW-W方向的构造软弱部位水平侧向迁移。 相似文献
12.
Introduction So small is the hypocenter area of strong earthquake, but its formation is controlled by time-space evolution of present-day crustal movement in wider-range area, and related to motion and deformation of active blocks and their boundary faults. Aseismic negative dislocation model presented by Matsuura, et al (1986) is that, the relative motion between blocks driven by present-day crustal movement may be partly locked at the block … 相似文献
13.
通过建立非震形变的位错模型,用混合全局反演方法,拟合了中国台湾南部1990-1995年间的GPS观测资料.根据地质构造和地震观测,构筑了包括6个刚性块体和19个断层的简单模型.反演结果表明,菲律宾海板块以(69±2)mm/a,方向为317°±2°的速度与欧亚板块会聚,其中约一半的会聚率在台东纵谷消耗掉,另外部分则平均分配在其西边的块体交界处.菲律宾海板块和中央山脉地质区均向西北方向挤压,过了中央山脉后,块体运动呈扇形分布,与应力方向一致.西部麓山地质区与滨海平原地质区交界处的断层均以逆冲分量为主,由南向北倾角逐渐变小,断层宽度一般为10km左右,均表现为强锁定,历史上的大地震多发生在这个地区. 相似文献
14.
A numerical method of viscoelastic finite element coupled with spring-block model is developed to study temporal processes from the slow tectonic motion of large-scale crust to the rapid failure of small-scale faults. Our modeling demonstrates that the motion of crustal blocks is driven by forces from tectonic plate boundaries, and the deformation is distributed on faults for the stress accumulating. The coupling model generates earthquake sequences that display a magnitude-frequency scaling consistent with Gutenberg-Richter law. The frictional heterogeneities affect earthquakes occurrence and stresses distribution of crustal blocks. Rupture of earthquakes starts at the nucleation node, and propagates bilaterally along faults with the stress triggering, release and redistribution. The failure of faults releases part of crustal stresses, the stress state of crustal blocks near fault is affected by the rupture of local segments on the fault, and the stress state of crustal blocks far away from the fault is controlled by the seismic activity of the whole fault. 相似文献
15.
A numerical method of viscoelastic finite element coupled with spring-block model is developed to study temporal processes from the slow tectonic motion of large-scale crust to the rapid failure of small-scale faults. Our modeling demonstrates that the motion of crustal blocks is driven by forces from tectonic plate boundaries, and the deformation is distributed on faults for the stress accumulating. The coupling model generates earthquake sequences that display a magnitude-frequency scaling consistent with Gutenberg-Richter law. The frictional heterogeneities affeci earthquakes occurrence and stresses distribution of crustal blocks. Rupture of earthquakes starts at the nucleation node, and propagates bilaterally along faults with the stress triggering, release and redistribution. The failure of faults releases part of crustal stresses, the stress state of crustal blocks near fault is affected by the rupture of local segments on the fault, and the stress state of crustal blocks far away from the fault is controlled by the seismic activity of the whole fault. 相似文献
16.
Through numerical simulation for GPS data, aseism/c negative dislocation model for crustal horizontal movement during 1999-2001 in the northeast margin of Qinghai-Xizang block is presented, combined with the spatial distri-bution of apparent strain field in this area, the characteristics of motion and deformation of active blocks and their boundary faults, together with the place and intensity of strain accumulation are analyzed. It is shown that: a) 9 active blocks appeared totally clockwise motion from eastward by north to eastward by south. Obvious sinistral strike-slip and NE-NEE relative compressive motion between the blocks separated by Qilianshan-Haiyuan fault zone was discovered; b) 20 fault segments (most of them showed compression) locked the relative motion between blocks to varying degrees, among the total, the mid-east segment of Qilianshan fault (containing the place where it meets Riyueshan-Lajishan fault) and the place where it meets Haiyuan fault and Zhuanglanghe fault, more favored accumulation of strain. Moreover, the region where Riyueshan-Lajishan fault meets north boundary of Qaidam block may have strain accumulation to some degree, c) Obtained magnitude of block velocities and locking of their boundaries were less than relevant results for observation in the period of 1993-1999. 相似文献
17.
《中国地震研究》2016,(1)
In order to obtain deformation parameters in the south segment of Longmenshan fault zone,Euler datum transformation and the least square collocation for data interpolation and smoothing are used to process GPS displacement time series data in the south segment of Longmenshan fault zone,and the rigid and elastic-plastic block motion model is used to calculate the strain parameters in each subarea. Conjoint analysis of displacement,velocity of each station and strain parameters of each subarea reveals that the influence of the Wenchuan earthquake on the south segment of Longmenshan fault zone increases from southeast to northwest,causing a highest deformation rate 6 times the background value and heightening the influence of the hidden faults on the difference of the earth surface along its two sides,which leads to the seismic risk of the southern segment increasing from north to south. The comparison of seismic risk among subareas based on the tectonic and seismicity background indicates that the most dangerous area is on the southeast of Longmenshan faults,and the background strain accumulation and the promoting effect of the Wenchuan earthquake advanced the occurrence of Lushan earthquake and the sinistral strike-slip on the rupture plane. The Wenchuan earthquake also caused a slight two-year long continuous strain release in the south segment of Xianshuihe fault,but the influence is far less than the effect of the compressive strain caused by the Sichuan-Yunnan block. 相似文献
18.
A STUDY REVIEW ON CHARACTERISTICS OF SEISMIC ACTIVITY OF ACTIVE-TECTONIC BLOCK BOUNDARIES IN MAINLAND CHINA 
下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 More than 80 percent of strong earthquakes(M≥7.0)occur in active-tectonic block boundaries in mainland China, and 95 percent of strong earthquake disasters also occur in these boundaries. In recent years, all strong earthquakes(M≥7.0)happened in active-tectonic block boundaries. For instance, 8 strong earthquakes(M≥7.0)occurred on the eastern, western, southern and northern boundaries of the Bayan Har block since 1997. In order to carry out the earthquake prediction research better, especially for the long-term earthquake prediction, the active-tectonic block boundaries have gradually become the key research objects of seismo-geology, geophysics, geodesy and other disciplines. This paper reviews the research results related to seismic activities in mainland China, as well as the main existing recognitions and problems as follows: 1)Most studies on seismic activities in active-tectonic block boundaries still remain at the statistical analysis level at present. However, the analysis of their working foundations or actual working conditions can help investigate deeply the seismic activities in the active-tectonic block boundaries; 2)Seismic strain release rates are determined by tectonic movement rates in active-tectonic block boundaries. Analysis of relations between seismic strain release rates and tectonic movement rates in mainland China shows that the tectonic movement rates in active-tectonic block boundaries of the eastern region are relatively slow, and the seismic strain release rates are with the smaller values too; the tectonic movement rates in active-tectonic block boundaries of the western region reveal higher values, and their seismic strain rates are larger than that of the eastern region. Earthquake recurrence periods of all 26 active-tectonic block boundaries are presented, and the reciprocals of recurrence periods represent high and low frequency of seismic activities. The research results point out that the tectonic movement rates and the reciprocals of recurrence periods for most faults in active-tectonic block boundaries exhibit linear relations. But due to the complexities of fault systems in active tectonic block boundaries, several faults obviously deviate from the linear relationship, and the relations between average earthquake recurrence periods and tectonic movement rates show larger uncertainties. The major reason is attributed to the differences existing in the results of the current earthquake recurrence studies. Furthermore, faults in active-tectonic boundaries exhibit complexities in many aspects, including different movement rates among various segments of the same fault and a certain active-tectonic block boundary contains some parallel faults with the same earthquake magnitude level. Consequently, complexities of these fault systems need to be further explored; 3)seismic activity processes in active-tectonic block boundaries present obvious regional characteristics. Active-tectonic block boundaries of the eastern mainland China except the western edge of Ordos block possess clustering features which indicate that due to the relatively low rate of crustal deformation in these areas, a long-time span is needed for fault stress-strain accumulation to show earthquake cluster activities. In addition, active-tectonic block boundaries in specific areas with low fault stress-strain accumulation rates also show seismic clustering properties, such as the clustering characteristics of strong seismic activities in Longmenshan fault zone, where a series of strong earthquakes have occurred successively, including the 2008 M8.0 Wenchuan, the 2013 M7.0 Lushan and the 2017 M7.0 Jiuzhaigou earthquakes. The north central regions of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, regarded as the second-grade active-tectonic block boundaries, are the concentration areas of large-scale strike-slip faults in mainland China, and most of seismicity sequences show quasi-period features. Besides, most regions around the first-grade active-tectonic block boundary of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau display Poisson seismic processes. On one hand, it is still necessary to investigate the physical mechanisms and dynamics of regional structures, on the other hand, most of the active-tectonic block boundaries can be considered as fault systems. However, seismic activities involved in fault systems have the characteristic of in situ recurrence of strong earthquakes in main fault segments, the possibilities of cascading rupturing for adjacent fault segments, and space-time evolution characteristics of strong earthquakes in fault systems. 4)The dynamic environment of strong earthquakes in mainland China is characterized by “layering vertically and blocking horizontally”. With the progresses in the studies of geophysics, geochemistry, geodesy, seismology and geology, the physical models of different time/space scales have guiding significance for the interpretations of preparation and occurrence of continental strong earthquakes under the active-tectonic block frame. However, since the movement and deformation of the active-tectonic blocks contain not only the rigid motion and the horizontal differences of physical properties of crust-mantle medium are universal, there is still need for improving the understanding of the dynamic processes of continental strong earthquakes. So it is necessary to conduct in-depth studies on the physical mechanism of strong earthquake preparation process under the framework of active-tectonic block theory and establish various foundation models which are similar to seismic source physical models in California of the United States, and then provide technological scientific support for earthquake prevention and disaster mitigation. Through all kinds of studies of the physical mechanisms for space-time evolution of continental strong earthquakes, it can not only promote the transition of the study of seismic activities from statistics to physics, but also persistently push the development of active-tectonic block theory. 相似文献
19.
长白山天池火山主断裂活动与热液蚀变带 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
在野外考察中发现，天池破火山口内壁同一层位不同段的近水平向红褐色、砖红色热液蚀变带顶界面有明显高差热液蚀变顶界面，北段(靠近天文峰)比南段(朝鲜境内靠近将军峰)高出约110m。热液蚀变带顶界面可作为判断构造运动的标志面。北段与南段顶界面的高差，反映了自热液蚀变以来，天池火山北东向主断裂六道沟-天池-甑峰山断裂北西盘的抬升幅度大于南东盘，这可能是天池北西部较南东部地形坡度更陡、水系更发育的内在原因。北西向主断裂——白山镇-天池-金策断裂北东盘的抬升幅度大于南西盘。由热液蚀变和古风化壳特征观察到的北东向主断裂的近期垂向活动速率大于北西向主断裂的活动速率。这两条在天池交叉的主断裂将天池火山切割成4个块体，它们的抬升幅度从大到小依次为北、西、东、南块体。北块体抬升幅度最大，这与深地震测深、大地电磁探测等得出的天池北部岩浆囊较浅的结果有较好的对应关系和一定的成因联系。 相似文献
20.
The Activity of Major Faults and the Hydrothermal Alteration Zone at Tianchi Volcano of Changbaishan
Liu Mingjun 《中国地震研究》2004,18(3):253-262
It is found by field investigation that the near horizontal top surface of the brown or brick-red hydrothermai alteration zone varies obviously in elevation at different sections of the same layer on the caldera‘s inner wall of Tianchi, with that at the north section near the Tianwen Peak about 110 m higher than that at the south near the Jiangjun Peak in Korea. The top surface of the hydrothermai alteration zone can be taken as key horizon to tectonic movement. The difference indicates that the total uplift height of the NW wall of the Liudaogou-Tianchi-Jingfengshan fault, the principal fault trending NE at Tianchi, is bigger than that of the SE wall ever since the occurrence of hydrothermal alteration. This also explains why the topography in the northwest side of Tianchi is steeper and with more developed river system than in the southeast. The uplifting of the northeastern wall is bigger than that of the southwest along the principal NW-trend fault, namely, the Baishanzhen-Tianchi-Jince fault. It is observed from characters of hydrothermal alteration and the palaeoresiduum, that the recent vertical movement rate along the principal NE-trend fault is larger than that of the principal NW-trend fault. The two faults intersect at Tianchi, dividing the volcano into 4 blocks, with the uplift magnitudes decreasing successively in the order of the north, the west, the east and the south block. The biggest uplift of the north block corresponds well to the shallow magma batch in the north of Tianchi observed by DSS and telluric electromagnetic sounding, and etc. and they may be related with the causes. 相似文献