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1.
Based on daily precipitation data, the spatial-temporal features of heavy rainfall events (HREs) during 1960-2009 are investigated. The results indicate that the HREs experienced strong decadal variability in the past 50 years, and the decadal features varied across regions. More HRE days are observed in the 1960s, 1980s, and 1990s over Northeast China (NEC); in the 1960s, 1970s, and 1990s over North China (NC); in the early 1960s, 1980s, and 2000s over the Huaihe River basin (HR); in the 1970s-1990s over the mid-lower reaches of the Yangtze River valley (YR); and in the 1970s and 1990s over South China (SC). These decadal changes of HRE days in eastern China are closely associated with the decadal variations of water content and stratification stability of the local atmosphere. The intensity of HREs in each sub-region is also characterized by strong decadal variability. The HRE intensity and frequency co-vary on the long-term trend, and show consistent variability over NEC, NC, and YR, but inconsistent variability over SC and HR. Further analysis of the relationships between the annual rainfall and HRE frequency as well as intensity indicates that the HRE frequency is the major contributor to the total rainfall variability in eastern China, while the HRE intensity shows only relative weak contribution. 相似文献
2.
The spatial and temporal variations of daily maximum temperature(Tmax), daily minimum temperature(Tmin), daily maximum precipitation(Pmax) and daily maximum wind speed(WSmax) were examined in China using Mann-Kendall test and linear regression method. The results indicated that for China as a whole, Tmax, Tmin and Pmax had significant increasing trends at rates of 0.15℃ per decade, 0.45℃ per decade and 0.58 mm per decade,respectively, while WSmax had decreased significantly at 1.18 m·s~(-1) per decade during 1959—2014. In all regions of China, Tmin increased and WSmax decreased significantly. Spatially, Tmax increased significantly at most of the stations in South China(SC), northwestern North China(NC), northeastern Northeast China(NEC), eastern Northwest China(NWC) and eastern Southwest China(SWC), and the increasing trends were significant in NC, SC, NWC and SWC on the regional average. Tmin increased significantly at most of the stations in China, with notable increase in NEC, northern and southeastern NC and northwestern and eastern NWC. Pmax showed no significant trend at most of the stations in China, and on the regional average it decreased significantly in NC but increased in SC, NWC and the mid-lower Yangtze River valley(YR). WSmax decreased significantly at the vast majority of stations in China, with remarkable decrease in northern NC, northern and central YR, central and southern SC and in parts of central NEC and western NWC. With global climate change and rapidly economic development, China has become more vulnerable to climatic extremes and meteorological disasters, so more strategies of mitigation and/or adaptation of climatic extremes,such as environmentally-friendly and low-cost energy production systems and the enhancement of engineering defense measures are necessary for government and social publics. 相似文献
3.
中国东部夏季主要降水型的年代际变化及趋势分析 总被引：23，自引：2，他引：21
针对中国东部夏季降水存在着20世纪50和60年代为“南旱北涝”、80和90年代为“南涝北旱”的相反形势,该文应用小波分析等方法对华北和长江中下游地区近54 a来的夏季降水进行分析,发现二者都具有不同周期的年代际变化。对于周期小于24 a的年代际变化,其morlet小波分析表明两地夏季降水的位相关系并不是固定的。对于更长的时间尺度,用正交小波分析了周期大于28 a的年代际变化,这种长周期的年代际变化能较好地体现出“南旱北涝”和“南涝北旱”两种形势,说明两地降水还存在着更长时间尺度的准周期变化。对于两地降水的这种长周期变化,分别选用不同位相的17 a为代表进行海温、环流形势的合成分析,对比发现两阶段所对应的海温、环流形势具有极明显的差异。最后,用近期的海温、环流形势与上述两种位相的海温、环流形势进行对比,讨论了未来降水型的可能演变趋势。 相似文献
4.
Interdecadal change in the relationship of southern China summer rainfall with tropical Indo-Pacific SST 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Renguang Wu Song Yang Zhiping Wen Gang Huang Kaiming Hu 《Theoretical and Applied Climatology》2012,108(1-2):119-133
The present study investigates the interdecadal change in the relationship between southern China (SC) summer rainfall and tropical Indo-Pacific sea surface temperature (SST). It is found that the pattern of tropical Indo-Pacific SST anomalies associated with SC summer rainfall variability tends to be opposite between the 1950–1960s and the 1980-1990s. Above-normal SC rainfall corresponds to warmer SST in the tropical southeastern Indian Ocean (SEIO) and cooler SST in the equatorial central Pacific (ECP) during the 1950–1960s but opposite SST anomalies in these regions during the 1980–1990s. A pronounced difference is also found in anomalous atmospheric circulation linking SEIO SST and SC rainfall between the two periods. In the 1950–1960s, two anomalous vertical circulations are present between ascent over SEIO and ascent over SC, with a common branch of descent over the South China Sea that is accompanied by an anomalous low-level anticyclone. In the 1980–1990s, however, a single anomalous vertical circulation directly connects ascent over SC to descent over SEIO. The change in the rainfall–SST relationship is likely related to a change in the magnitude of SEIO SST forcing and a change in the atmospheric response to the SST forcing due to different mean states. A larger SEIO SST forcing coupled with a stronger and more extensive western North Pacific subtropical high in recent decades induce circulation anomalies reaching higher latitudes, influencing SC directly. Present analysis shows that the SEIO and ECP SST anomalies can contribute to SC summer rainfall variability both independently and in concert. In comparison, there are more cases of concerted contributions due to the co-variability between the Indian and Pacific Ocean SSTs. 相似文献
5.
中国近54年来夏季极端降水事件特征研究 总被引：8，自引：2，他引：6
利用1960~2013年中国6~8月无缺测的571站逐日降水资料,定义7个极端降水指数,研究中国夏季极端降水事件特征。结果表明:(1)极端降水事件空间分布存在明显的区域性差异,长江中下游地区、华南地区、西北地区表现为增加趋势,东北地区、华北地区、西南部分地区表现为减少趋势;时间分布表现出具有显著的年际和年代际变化特征,极端降水事件有增加趋势,在20世纪90年代初期有明显转折。(2)M-K检验表现出极端降水事件在20世纪90年代初发生突变,突变前(后)偏弱(强)。(3)极端降水指数周期振荡不完全一致,准15年周期振荡为主,其次是准7年周期,最强振动出现在1998年。(4)除持续干期指数外,其他极端降水指数间存在较好的相关性。 相似文献
6.
利用中国691个无缺测站点的经均一化处理及质量控制的逐日最高、最低气温资料,基于冷昼日数、冷夜日数、霜冻日数、冰冻日数、月最低气温极大值以及月最低气温极小值等6个由世界气象组织定义的极端气温指数,分析了1961~2014年中国冬季的极端低温变化特征。结果表明:冷昼日数、冷夜日数、霜冻日数以及冰冻日数在全国大部分地区均呈现下降的趋势,下降趋势较为明显的区域集中在东北南部、华北、西北东部、华东、华中、西南及高原地区,全国整体上下降幅度分别为-0.9 d/10 a、-1.7 d/10 a、-1.5 d/10a和-1.4 d/10 a。最低气温极大值和最低气温极小值在全国范围内则主要呈现上升的趋势,全国整体上分别为0.4℃/10 a和0.6℃/10 a;极端低温天数在20世纪60年代至70年代中后期呈现波动状,随后自20世纪70年代末80年代初至21世纪初呈明显下降趋势,从2006年左右以后其下降趋势较之前有所减缓,是对全球变暖减缓背景下的气候响应;与其他时间段相比,20世纪60年代至70年代为冬季极端低温事件较为频发的时间段,这可能与该时段陆地冷高压频繁活动有关。 相似文献
7.
The homogeneous hidden Markov model (HMM), a statistical pattern recognition method, is introduced in this paper. Based on the HMM, a 53-yr record of daily precipitation during the flood season (April–September) at 389 stations in East China during 1961–2013 is classified into six patterns: the South China (SC) pattern, the southern Yangtze River (SY) pattern, the Yangtze–Huai River (YH) pattern, the North China (NC) pattern, the overall wetter (OW) pattern, and the overall drier (OD) pattern. Features of the transition probability matrix of the first four patterns reveal that 1) the NC pattern is the most persistent, followed by the YH, and the SY is the least one; and 2) there exists a SY–SC–SY–YH–NC propagation process for the rain belt over East China during the flood season. The intraseasonal variability in the occurrence frequency of each pattern determines its start and end time. Furthermore, analysis of interdecadal variability in the occurrence frequency of each pattern in recent six decades has identified three obvious interdecadal variations for the SC, YH, and NC patterns in the mid–late 1970s, the early 1990s, and the late 1990s. After 2000, the patterns concentrated in the southern region play a dominant role, and thus there maintains a “flooding in the south and drought in the north” rainfall distribution in eastern China. In summary, the HMM provides a unique approach for us to obtain both spatial distribution and temporal variation features of flood-season rainfall. 相似文献
8.
近57a夏季西太平洋副高面积的年代际振荡及其与中国降水的联系 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
利用1951—2007年NCEP/NCAR再分析资料及中国国家气候中心160站降水和环流特征指数,研究了近57 a来夏季平均的西太平洋副热带高压面积指数的气候变化特征及其对同期中国降水的影响。结果表明,在全球变暖的气候背景下,夏季副热带高压面积也表现出增大趋势,其中20世纪60年代中期和20世纪末显著增强,并呈现出准20 a的年代际周期变化特征。各周期中,中国同期降水及流场均出现较大调整：随着西太平洋副热带高压面积长期趋于增大,东亚夏季风异常偏弱,降水分布由＂北多南少＂转为＂北少南多＂,而降水线性增长的区域则呈现出较上一周期明显北移的特征。 相似文献
9.
东北夏季极端高温频次在1990年代中期出现年代际增多.本文指出该年代际增多只出现在6-7月,而8月则呈现特殊性,即在1990年代初出现年代际减少.进一步分析表明,东北8月极端高温频次的年代际减少由日最高温度变率的年代际减小造成.东北日最高温度受到欧亚遥相关,丝绸之路遥相关和东亚-太平洋遥相关的共同调制.1990年代初之后,西风急流上的经向风变率显著减小,丝绸之路遥相关对下游的影响减弱,导致东北日最高温度变率减小.同时,西北太平洋热带对流的变率也在1990年代初出现年代际减小,通过东亚-太平洋遥相关使东北日最高温度变率进一步减小. 相似文献
10.
Inhomogeneities in the daily mean/maximum/ minimum temperature （Tm/Tmax/Tmin） series from 1960- 2008 at 549 National Standard Stations （NSSs） in China were analyzed by using the Multiple Analysis of Series for Homogenization （MASH） software package. Typical biases in the dataset were illustrated via the cases of Beijing （B J）, Wutaishan （WT）, Urumqi （UR） and Henan （HN） stations. The homogenized dataset shows a mean warming trend of 0.261/0.193/0.344℃/decade for the annual series of Tm/Tmax/Tmin, slightly smaller than that of the original dataset by 0.006/0.009/0.007℃/decade. However, considerable differences between the adjusted and original datasets were found at the local scale. The adjusted Tmin series shows a significant warming trend almost everywhere for all seasons, while there are a number of stations with an insignificant trend in the original dataset. The adjusted Tm data exhibit significant warming trends annually as well as for the autumn and winter seasons in northern China, and cooling trends only for the summer in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River and parts of central China and for the spring in southwestern China, while the original data show cooling trends at several stations for the annual and seasonal scales in the Qinghai, Shanxi, Hebei, and Xinjiang provinces. The adjusted Tmax data exhibit cooling trends for summers at a number of stations in the mid-lower reaches of the Yangtze and Yellow Rivers and for springs and winters at a few stations in southwestern China, while the original data show cooling trends at three/four stations for the annual/autumn periods in the Qinghai and Yunnan provinces. In general, the number of stations with a cooling trend was much smaller in the adjusted Tm and Tmax dataset than in the original dataset. The cooling trend for summers is mainly due to cooling in August. The results of homogenization using MASH appear to be robust; in particular, different groups of stations with consideration of elevation led to minor effects i 相似文献
11.
利用全球大气环流模式CAM3.1,对近百年温室气体浓度、全球海表面温度、太阳常数的变化以及火山活动对我国地表气温所产生的影响进行了研究。全球海表面温度的升高及温室气体浓度的增加是导致中国年平均地表气温升高的部分因素。近百年我国年平均地表气温主要经历了两次年代际振荡并逐渐增温。第一次振荡的冷期为1910年代,随后变暖,1940年代达暖峰期。第二次振荡冷期发生于1950~1960年代,随后变暖,暖峰期发生在1990年代。太阳常数和全球海表面温度的两次振荡是造成这两次振荡主要因素,气温、太阳常数和全球海表面温度均发生了准60年周期的年代际振荡,气温振荡的位相落后于太阳常数和全球海表面温度的位相。20世纪20年代以前及60年代以后火山活动的活跃是导致1910年代和1960~1980年代出现冷期的原因之一。 相似文献
12.
Huaijun Wang Yaning Chen Shi Xun Dongmei Lai Yuting Fan Zhi Li 《Theoretical and Applied Climatology》2013,112(1-2):15-28
There has been a paucity of information on trends in daily climate and climate extremes, especially for the arid region. We analyzed the changes in the indices of climate extremes, on the basis of daily maximum and minimum air temperature and precipitation at 59 meteorological stations in the arid region of northwest China over the period 1960–2003. Twelve indices of extreme temperature and six indices of extreme precipitation are examined. Temperature extremes show a warming trend with a large proportion of stations having statistically significant trends for all temperature indices. The regional occurrence of extreme cool days and nights has decreased by ?0.93 and ?2.36 days/decade, respectively. Over the same period, the occurrence of extreme warm days and nights has increased by 1.25 and 2.10 days/decade, respectively. The number of frost days and ice days shows a statistically significant decrease at the rate of ?3.24 and ?2.75 days/decade, respectively. The extreme temperature indices also show the increasing trend, with larger values for the index describing variations in the lowest minimum temperature. The trends of Min Tmin (Tmax) and Max Tmin (Tmax) are 0.85 (0.61) and 0.32 (0.17)?°C/decade. Most precipitation indices exhibit increasing trends across the region. On average, regional maximum 1-day precipitation, annual total wet-day precipitation, and number of heavy precipitation days and very wet days show insignificant increases. Insignificant decreasing trends are also found for consecutive dry days. The rank-sum statistic value of most temperature indices exhibits consistent or statistically significant trends across the region. The regional medians after 1986 of Min Tmin (Tmax), Max Tmin (Tmax), warm days (nights), and warm spell duration indicator show statistically more larger than medians before 1986, but the frost days, ice days, cool days (nights), and diurnal temperature range reversed. The medians of precipitation indices show insignificant change except for consecutive dry days before and after 1986. 相似文献
13.
利用1961—2010年华南地区64个气象站的逐日降水资料,通过计算降水集中度指数Q,分析了华南夏季降水的结构。结果表明：夏季华南地区北部（南部）大部分地区降水集中度较小（大),表明该地区降水较为分散（集中)。在趋势变化上,近50年华南大部分地区夏季降水量和降水集中度都是增多的。北部和南部的降水量也均呈增加的趋势,北部增加更明显。另外,降水集中度在华南北部和南部也均呈增加的趋势,即降水呈现更集中的趋势,尤其是华南南部降水集中度增加更明显。此外,无论降水量为1 mm以上、25 mm以上还是50 mm以上的降水,持续1 d降水的雨日都在减少,而超过1 d的持续性降水过程都在增多。在空间分布上,华南大部分地区1 mm以上降水的雨日呈减少的趋势,而25 mm以上和50 mm以上的持续性降水过程呈增加的趋势。 相似文献
14.
Prediction Research of Climate Change Trends over North China in the Future 30 Years 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1 
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下载免费PDF全文 LIU Yanxiang YAN Jinghui WU Tongwen GUO Yufu CHEN Lihu WANG Jianping 《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》2008,22(1):42-50
A simulation of climate change trends over North China in the past 50 years and future 30 years was performed with the actual greenhouse gas concentration and IPCC SRES B2 scenario concentration by IAP/LASG GOALS 4.0 （Global Ocean-Atmosphere-Land system coupled model）, developed by the State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modelling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics （LASG）, Institute of Atmospheric Physics （IAP）, Chinese Academy of Sciences （CAS）. In order to validate the model, the modern climate during 1951-2000 was first simulated by the GOALS model with the actual greenhouse gas concentration, and the simulation results were compared with observed data. The simulation results basically reproduce the lower temperature from the 1960s to mid-1970s and the warming from the 1980s for the globe and Northern Hemisphere, and better the important cold （1950 1976） and warm （1977-2000） periods in the past 50 years over North China. The correlation coefficient is 0.34 between simulations and observations （significant at a more than 0.05 confidence level）. The range of winter temperature departures for North China is between those for the eastern and western China＇s Mainland. Meanwhile, the summer precipitation trend turning around the 1980s is also successfully simulated. The climate change trends in the future 30 years were simulated with the CO2 concentration under IPCC SRES-B2 emission scenario. The results show that, in the future 30 years, winter temperature will keep a warming trend in North China and increase by about 2.5~C relative to climate mean （1960-1990）. Meanwhile, summer precipitation will obviously increase in North China and decrease in South China, displaying a south-deficit-north-excessive pattern of precipitation. 相似文献
15.
中国东部夏季降水80年振荡与东亚夏季风的关系 总被引：22，自引：4，他引：22
利用中国东部1470－1999年夏季降水级别资料和1951－1999年夏季降水观测资料，以及1871－2000年北半球海平面气压资料研究了中国东部夏季降水与东亚夏季风的关系。研究表明华北及东北南部、长江中下游地区和华南夏季降水存在明显的80年振荡，华北夏季降水的80年振荡与华南同位相，与长江中下游反位相。华北夏季降水与海平面气压在120°－130°E，20°－25°N区域内呈负相关，在121°－130°E，20°－25°N区域内呈正相关，并达到 95％信度。因此，利用这两个区域平均海平面气压差定义了一个表征夏季西南风强度的东亚夏季风指数。当东亚夏季风强时，华北夏季降水偏多，同时长江中下游少雨；当东亚夏季风接近正常时，华北干旱，长江中下游多雨。最后，利用530年的华北夏季降水长序列资料研究了东亚夏季风的年代际变率。 相似文献
16.
INTERANNUAL VARIABILITY OF WINTER AND SPRING PRECIPITATION IN SOUTH CHINA AND ITS RELATION TO MOISTURE TRANSPORT 总被引：3，自引：3，他引：0
The interannual variability of winter and spring precipitation in South China(SC)and its relation to moisture transport are investigated by using the monthly precipitation data of NMIC,NCEP reanalysis datasets and NOAA ERSST analysis datasets from 1960 to 2008.The results show that winter and spring precipitation in SC is less than normal from the 1960s to the start of the 1970s and from the end of the 1990s to the present.Most of rainfall anomalies on the whole regional scale of SC is well in phase during winter and spring,and the frequency of persistent drought is higher than that of persistent flood.Seasonal variations of moisture transport differences of SC between persistent drought and flood events are observed:the differences in winter are characterized by moisture transport from Bay of Bangle(BOB)and South China Sea(SCS),while differences in spring are characterized by that from SCS and North China(NC).There are two types of Ni o3.4 sea surface temperature anomaly(SSTA)related to persistent winter and spring drought(flood)events in SC,which are positive SSTA next to Ni o4(Ni o3)and negative SSTA next to Ni o3(Ni o4).Moreover,the variations of moisture transport from BOB and SC have important effects on persistent drought/flood in SC when the Ni o3.4 index is in the positive phase,while those from western North Pacific(WNP)-SC in winter and those from Philippine Sea(PHS)-SC and NC in spring primarily contribute to persistent drought/flood events in SC when the Ni o3.4 index is in the negative phase,and these stronger(weaker)moisture transports are observed in persistent flood(drought)during winter and spring regardless of the Ni o3.4 index.In conclusion,with the correlation between variations and distributions of Ni o3.4 SSTA and persistent drought/flood events in SC,moisture transport is responsible for the formation of precipitation anomalies.In addition,the moisture transport from SCS is most significantly correlated with persistent drought/flood events during winter and spring. 相似文献
17.
气候变暖背景下我国南方旱涝灾害时空格局变化 总被引：16，自引：7，他引：9
我国南方地区各季节降水异常主要包含三种优势模态：长江及其以南地区降水呈整体偏多或偏少的一致型,长江中下游流域与华南呈反相变化的南北反相型以及东南与西南呈反相变化的东西反相型。其中一致型是南方地区各季节降水变率的第一优势模态。总体而言,在1961—2013年南方地区平均降水存在明显的年代际和长期趋势变化。其中,夏季和冬季南方区域平均降水具有相似的年代际变化特征,而秋季降水的年代际演变几乎与上述两个季节的相反。不过,在近30年南方各季降水量发生年代际转折的时间不尽相同：春季和秋季降水分别在21世纪初期和20世纪80年代中后期之后进入干位相,冬季和夏季降水则分别在80年代中期和90年代初期之后进入湿位相。自21世纪初期以来,南方夏季和冬季降水逐渐转入中性位相。此外,南方春季和秋季降水均呈减少趋势;而夏季和冬季则相反,均呈增多趋势。对于西南地区,除了春季外,其他三个季节的降水均呈减少趋势,出现了季节连旱的特征,尤其是秋旱最为严重。不过,不管是季节降水量还是旱/涝日数,在我国南方大部分地区其线性变化趋势并不十分显著,这与南方降水年代际分量对降水变率存在较大贡献相关。分析还发现,我国南方区域洪涝受灾面积具有比较明显的年代际变化,而干旱受灾面积则没有明显的年代际变化特征,近十多年来西南地区干旱和洪涝受灾出现了交替互现的特点。 相似文献
18.
基于1961-2018年1 057个地面气象站均一化气温日值数据和通过均一化检验的日降水量资料,统计得到冬春季低温连阴雨过程,分析其时空分布及变化特征。结果表明,湖南、贵州、江西三省为低温连阴雨集中发生地区,连续最长低温连阴雨超过15 d的台站集中在25°~31°N之间的区域。由经验正交函数方法分析表明,南方地区低温连阴雨日数总体上表现为一致偏多或偏少的分布型,且具有东北部与西南部反相变化、东部与西部反相变化的分布型。南方冬春季平均低温连阴雨日数总体呈减少趋势,约为-0.17 d/(10 a)。1960s末期至1990s低温连阴雨日数以偏多为主,从2000年开始以偏少为主。 相似文献
19.
利用国家气候中心整编的1951~2008年中国160个站的月平均气温资料,文章侧重分析了华南前汛期气温异常特征,发现:58a温度变化的总趋势是增加的,60年代中期到80年代末为相对低温期,90年代以后温度有明显升高的趋势,而且华南前汛期气温异常存在2a、4a、5a、12a和19a的周期;在近半个世纪内,我国各地区都有变暖的趋势,但是华南地区是全国4~6月气温弱增暖地区之一,华南地区4~6月普遍增暖,呈现西南强东北弱的态势,其中增暖最强的中心在广州;两个增暖最弱的中心分别在梅州和浦城。华南前汛期偏热年:华南地区低层为负距平,中、高层为正距平,这种分布形势将有利于气柱变暖,另外850hPa南海的偏南气流以及来自太平洋的东南气流加强,有利于把暖气流带到了华南地区,华南地区升温。华南前汛期偏凉年:华南地区低层为正距平,中、高层为负距平,这将造成华南前汛期温度的降低,另外850hPa来自北方的偏北气流加强,有利于把干燥寒冷的气流带到华南地区,导致华南前汛期气温偏低。 相似文献
20.
华南冬春降水的年际变化及其与水汽输送的联系 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
利用1960—2008 年华南47 个基准站降水资料和NCEP/NCAR 再分析资料,研究了华南冬春降水的年际变化特征及其与水汽输送的联系。结果表明,1960 年代—1970 年代和1990 年代末至今,华南冬、春降水明显偏少。华南冬春降水异常以“ 全区冬春同号型” 居多,且冬春连旱频率较高。影响华南冬春连续旱/涝的水汽输送存在季节性差异,冬季水汽输送变化主要来源于孟加拉湾和南海,春季水汽输送变化则来源于南海和我国北方。进一步探讨海温异常的影响发现,与华南冬春连续旱(涝)事件相关的Niño3.4 海温存在正、负异常型,海温异常中心分别偏向Niño4(Niño3)区和Niño3(Niño4)区。Niño3.4 区海温正异常时,孟加拉湾和南海水汽输送与华南冬春连续旱涝有密切联系;Niño3.4 区海温负异常时,冬季自西北太平洋经南海的水汽输送及春季自菲律宾海经南海的水汽输送和北方水汽输送对华南冬春连续旱涝有重要影响。以上水汽输送在两种海温异常情况下,连涝(旱)年均异常偏强(弱)。因此,Niño3.4 海温异常的变化及分布与华南冬春持续旱/涝事件存在联系,在此气候背景下,水汽输送异常是影响华南冬春降水异常的重要物理因子,其中南海是水汽输送异常显著相关区。 相似文献