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1.
A comparison is made between the Gavarnie thrust and the Mérens Fault in the Axial zone of the Pyrenees. The former has a gentle dip and quite a large displacement (at least 12 km) but does not cut through either Hercynian or Alpine isograds. The latter has a smaller displacement (~ 5 km) but dips steeply and cuts through both Hercynian and Alpine isograds at a high angle. On this basis and on the basis of shear zone geometries immediately north of it, it is proposed that the Mérens Fault nucleated as a steeply (65°–80°) dipping structure, while the Gavarnie thrust nucleated with a shallow attitude. The Mérens Fault is not a backward-rotated thrust fault, nor is it the root zone for any major nappe structure. Similar steep ductile structures occur within the Gavarnie nappe and may reflect considerable internal strain in basement lithologies.The relationship between steep and shallow structures is not yet clear; the shear zones may pre-date the thrusting in which case they may be thick-skinned structures affecting the whole lithosphere, or they may be contemporary with thrusting reflecting only local thickening above a décollement.Rheological models can be used to test proposed geometrical and kinematic models for the lithosphere-scale evolution of the Pyrenees. Suggested models are dominated by a cool, rigid, high-level mantle wedge beneath the North Pyrenean zone which probably controlled the location of north-dipping thrust faults. Thick-skinned shortening is possible in thick crust in the Axial zone but is very unlikely in the North Pyrenean zone where steeply rooted structures would have to cut through the strongest part of the lithosphere.  相似文献   

2.
In the Pyrenees, the development of mylonites zones is one of the most striking structural features. Two sets of mylonites of regional extent have been recognized: large longitudinal E-W to N110°E trending zones (e.g. Mérens fault and North Pyrenean fault) and oblique NW-SE trending zones cross-cutting both the Hercynian and the post-Hercynian terrains. The longitudinal zones limit the major structural zones of the Pyrenees and are associated with NW-SE “en échelons” folds in the Mesozoic terrains and rotations of rootless plutonic or gneissic massifs, acting as competent inclusions in a more ductile matrix, in the Hercynian basement. The oblique mylonite zones limit map-scale fold-bands and appear as the sheared limbs of these folds.The age of the oblique zones and of the major movements along the longitudinal zones is clearly Alpine and the “en échelons” folds seem to have controlled the sedimentation during the Upper Albian and possibly during the Upper Cretaceous. Early movements along the longitudinal zones may have been Hercynian.The analysis of the structures at all scales leads us to interpret these mylonite zones and associated structures as the ultimate result of a transcurrent simple shear acting during the whole Mesozoic period. This strike-slip shearing was probably associated with an extension perpendicular to it from the Permian to the Upper Cretaceous and then to a shortening component also perpendicular to it from the Late Cretaceous to the Eocene.The development of the mylonite zones appears to have predated the major Alpine thrusting but to have been reactivated during this thrusting, acting as initiation sites for the thrusts or as oblique ramps in the case of the oblique mylonite zones.  相似文献   

3.
Seven mylonitic samples and two coarse muscovites from the central Pyrenees have been dated by the 40Ar-39Ar method. Whole rock specimens of mylonite were cut out of thin-section chips allowing complete characterisation of mineralogy and texture. Several specimens showed rising staircase patterns in the range 50–90 Ma, with much higher ages in the highest temperature steps. This is believed to reflect mixing of argon released from micas with excess argon contained in plagioclase and released mainly at high temperatures. One biotite-quartz mylonite gave a plateau age of 93 ± 2 Ma. Other inferred mica ages are about 60–73 Ma for biotite and 50–60 Ma for muscovite; it is probable that biotite contains excess argon and that 50 Ma approximates to the cooling age in the mylonites. One coarse muscovite collected immediately below the major Mérens shear zone gave a Hercynian plateau age, while another collected within the Mérens zone gave a partially reset Hercynian age.Taken together, the data indicate that the shear zones were active in Alpine times < 100 Ma and probably about 50 Ma ago. They are believed to have formed during the early stages of Eocene compression in the Pyrenees. Deformation and resultant uplift probably terminated an important thermal event in this part of the Pyrenean basement, which may have begun at the time of the mid-Cretaceous North Pyrenean metamorphism (90–100 Ma).  相似文献   

4.
The EW-striking Variscan Mérens shear zone (MSZ), located on the southern border of the Aston dome (Pyrenees), corresponds to variously mylonitized gneisses and plutonic rocks that are studied using the Anisotropy of Magnetic Susceptibility (AMS) technique. The plutonic rocks form EW-striking bands with, from south to north, gabbro-diorites, quartz diorites and granodiorites. The MSZ underwent a mylonitic deformation with an intensity progressively increasing from the mafic to the more differentiated rocks. The foliations are EW to NW–SE striking and subvertical. A first set of lineations shows a moderate WNW plunge, with a dextral reverse kinematics. More recent subvertical lineations correspond to an uplift of the northern compartment. To the east, the MSZ was cut by a N120°E-striking late shear band, separating the MSZ from the Quérigut pluton. The different stages of mylonitization relate to Late Variscan dextral transpression. This regime allowed the ascent of magmas along tension gashes in the middle crust. We interpret the MSZ as a zone of magma transfer, which fed a pluton now eroded that was similar to the Quérigut and Millas plutons located to the east. We propose a model of emplacement of these plutons by successive pulses of magmas along en-échelon transfer zones similar to the MSZ.  相似文献   

5.
The 102 Ma El Potrero pluton, in the western foothills of Sierra San Pedro Mártir, in north-central Baja California, was emplaced during a long period of contractional deformation bracketed between 132 and 85 Ma that affected this segment of the Peninsular Ranges Batholith. The pluton records regional and emplacement related deformation manifested by: (1) a solid-state fabric developed on its eastern contact, which is produced by eastward lateral pluton expansion; (2) cleavage triple point zones in the host-rock NW and SE of the pluton; (3) subhorizontal ductile shear zones indicative of top-to-the-east transport; (4) magmatic and tectonic foliations parallel to regional structural trends and regional shear zones; (5) variable axial ratios of microgranitoid enclaves close to pluton–wall rock contacts; (6) evidence of brittle-emplacement mechanisms in the western border of the pluton, which contrast with features indicating mainly ductile mechanisms toward the east; and, (7) markedly discordant paleomagnetic directions that suggest emplacement in an active tectonic setting. The overall mean for 9 accepted paleomagnetic sites is Dec = 34.6°, I = 25.7° (k = 88.3, α95 = 5.5°), and is deviated  35° with respect to the reference cratonic direction. This magnetization is interpreted to indicate a combination of tilt due to initial drag during vertical diapiric ascent (or westward lateral-oblique expansion) of the adjacent San Pedro Mártir pluton and later rotation ( 15°) by Rosarito Fault activity in the southwest; this rotation may have occurred as eastward contraction acted to fill the space emptied by the ascending San Pedro Mártir pluton. The Rosarito fault may have tilted several plutons in the area (Sierra San Pedro Mártir, El Potrero, San José, and Encinosa). Magnetic susceptibility fabrics for 13 sites reflect mostly emplacement-related stress and regional stress. Paleomagnetic data and structural observations lead us to interpret the El Potrero pluton as a syntectonic pluton, emplaced within a regional shear zone delimited by the Main Mártir Thrust and the younger Rosarito Fault.  相似文献   

6.
The structural geometry of a mylonite zone (the Woodroffe thrust) and the country rock in its immediate vicinity is described. Mylonitic schistosity formed axial planar to folds in country rock foliation and contains a mineral elongation lineation which is constant in orientation. However, the fold axes (and associated intersection lineation) spread in orientation within the mylonitic schistosity but with a strong maximum parallel to the mineral elongation lineation. It is demonstrated that the fold axes formed initially at approximately 90° to mineral elongation but rotated with increase in strain towards it. Where this phenomenon was homogeneous on a macroscopic scale, rotation of large blocks of country rock across zones of mylonitization accompanied reorientation of fold axes within the mylonite.The controversy of progressive simple versus progressive pure shear for mylonite zones is discussed in the light of recent fabric and other evidence. It is concluded that the inhomogeneous forms of both progressive pure shear and progressive simple shear played a part and that the former dominated initially but gradually gave way to the latter until brittle rupture with large simple-shear displacements on a zone lubricated by the formation of pseudotachylite, brought granulite over amphibolite facies rocks.  相似文献   

7.
敦密断裂带白垩纪两期重要的变形事件   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  
本文报道了敦密断裂带糜棱岩中黑云母~(40)Ar/~(39)Ar定年结果和大规模走滑-逆冲断裂的几何学、运动学特征及其形成时代,以便揭示断裂带两期变形事件的构造属性。黑龙江省密山市花岗质糜棱岩中黑云母~(40)Ar/~(39)Ar加权平均年龄为132.2±1.2Ma,它是敦密断裂带经历伸展事件的冷却年龄,也是东北亚大陆边缘在早白垩世Hauterivian期-Albian期发生强烈区域伸展作用的产物。密山市至辽宁省清原县系列大型走滑-逆冲断层和断层相关褶皱揭示出在晚白垩世晚期-末期发生右旋走滑-逆冲事件,该事件规模大,影响范围广,导致整个断裂带遭受到强烈改造,形成对冲式断裂系统。将研究区走滑-逆冲断裂与山东省郯庐断裂带中段挤压构造对比,认为郯庐断裂带北段和中段在晚白垩世末期都发生了强烈的走滑-逆冲事件,它们具有相同的构造特征和构造属性。  相似文献   

8.
We reconstructed the accretion process related to Paleo-Tethys subduction recorded in northern Thailand, based on mélange and thrust structures, and metamorphic temperatures derived from illite crystallinity data. Mélange formation was characterized by hydrofracturing and cataclastic deformation, with mud injection under semi-lithified conditions followed by shear deformation and pressure solution. Illite crystallinity data suggest metamorphic temperatures below 250 °C during mélange formation. The combined structural and metamorphic data indicate that during mélange formation, the accretionary complex related to Paleo-Tethys subduction developed at shallow levels within an accretionary prism. Asymmetric shear fabrics in mélange indicate top-to-south shear. After correction for rotation associated with collision between the Indian and Eurasian continents, the trend of the Paleo-Tethys subduction zone is estimated to have been N80 °E. We conclude that the Paleo-Tethys was subducted northward beneath the Indochina Block from the Permian to Triassic.  相似文献   

9.
Birimian supracrustal sequences in NE Burkina Faso are dominated by meta-volcaniclastic greywacke, intercalated meta-conglomerate, siltstone and shale. The sequences where subjected to two phases of deformation and contact metamorphosed to hornblende–hornfels facies during emplacement of pyroxenite–gabbro–norite (Yacouba Mafic complex), granodiorite–tonalite (Tin Taradat granodiorite–tonalite) and dolerite dykes.Structural studies indicated that the NE-trending, first-order crustal-scale Markoye Shear Zone (MSZ; Markoye Fault of [Jeambrun, M., Delfour, J., Gravost, M., 1970. Carte géologique de L’Oudalan. Bureau De Recherches Geologiques et Miniéres, Burkina Faso.]) has undergone at least two phases of reactivation concomitant to two phases of regional deformation. The first phase of deformation, D1, resulted in the formation of NNW-NW trending folds and thrusts during dextral-reverse displacement on the MSZ. The deformation is termed the Tangaean Event and predates the Eburnean Orogeny. D2 phase involved a period of SE–NW crustal shortening and sinistral-reverse displacement on the MSZ, and is correlated to the Eburnean Orogeny 2.1 Ga. Deformation in D2 is characterised by NE-trending regional folds (F2) and a pervasive NE-trending foliation (S2-C to S2). Within the MSZ, deformation is characterised by NNE-trending zones of mylonite that are bordered in the hangingwall and footwall by pseudotachylite veins. Buck quartz-carbonate veins and quartz cataclasite veins crosscut the mylonite zones and are, in turn, crosscut by quartz–chlorite–(muscovite) shears that formed during reactivation of the MSZ late in D2. Several generations of veins are recognised at the Essakane main deposit (EMZ): Arsenopyrite–pyrite–gold mineralization in quartz veins formed in D1 during metasomatic alteration of the host rocks; Vein-stockwork gold mineralization is interpreted to have formed late in D2.  相似文献   

10.
The peraluminous tonalite–monzogranite Port Mouton Pluton is a petrological, geochemical, structural, and geochronological anomaly among the many Late Devonian granitoid intrusions of the Meguma Lithotectonic Zone of southern Nova Scotia. The most remarkable structural feature of this pluton is a 4-km-wide zone of strongly foliated (040/subvertical) monzogranites culminating in a narrow (10–30 m), straight, zone of compositionally banded rocks that extends for at least 3 km along strike. The banded monzogranites consist of alternating melanocratic and leucocratic compositions that are complementary to the overall composition of that part of the pluton, suggesting an origin by mineral–melt and mineral–mineral sorting. Biotite and feldspar are strongly foliated in the plane of the compositional bands. These compositional variations and foliations originated by a process of segregation flow during shearing of the main magma with a crystallinity of 55–75%. Subsequent minor brittle fracturing of feldspars, twinning of microcline, development of blocky sub-grains in quartz, and kinking of micas demonstrate overprinting by a high-temperature deformation straddling the monzogranite solidus. Small folds and late sigmoidal dykes indicate dextral movement on the shear zone. This Port Mouton Shear Zone (PMSZ) is approximately co-linear with the only outcrops of Late Devonian mafic intrusions in the area, two of which are syn-plutonic with well-developed mingling textures in the marginal tonalite of the Port Mouton Pluton. Also closely co-linear with the mafic intrusions are a granitoid dyke that extends well beyond the outer contact of the Port Mouton Pluton, a swarm of large aligned angular xenolithic slabs, a zone of thin wispy schlieren banding, a large Be-bearing pegmatite, and a breccia pipe with abundant garnetiferous metapelitic xenoliths. In various ways, the shear zone may control all of these features. The Port Mouton Shear Zone is parallel to many other NE-trending faults and shear zones in the northern Appalachians, probably related to the docking of the Meguma Zone along the Cobequid–Chedabucto Fault system.  相似文献   

11.
F. Suter  M. Sartori  R. Neuwerth  G. Gorin   《Tectonophysics》2008,460(1-4):134-157
The northern Andes are a complex area where tectonics is dominated by the interaction between three major plates and accessory blocks, in particular, the Chocó-Panamá and Northern Andes Blocks. The studied Cauca Valley Basin is located at the front of the Chocó-Panamá Indenter, where the major Romeral Fault System, active since the Cretaceous, changes its kinematics from right-lateral in the south to left-lateral in the north. Structural studies were performed at various scales: DEM observations in the Central Cordillera between 4 and 5.7°N, aerial photograph analyses, and field work in the folded Oligo-Miocene rocks of the Serranía de Santa Barbara and in the flat-lying, Pleistocene Quindío-Risaralda volcaniclastic sediments interfingering with the lacustrine to fluviatile sediments of the Zarzal Formation.The data acquired allowed the detection of structures with a similar orientation at every scale and in all lithologies. These families of structures are arranged similarly to Riedel shears in a right-lateral shear zone and are superimposed on the Cretaceous Romeral suture.They appear in the Central Cordillera north of 4.5°N, and define a broad zone where 060-oriented right-lateral distributed shear strain affects the continental crust. The Romeral Fault System stays active and strain partitioning occurs among both systems. The southern limit of the distributed shear strain affecting the Central Cordillera corresponds to the E–W trending Garrapatas–Ibagué shear zone, constituted by several right-stepping, en-échelon, right-lateral, active faults and some lineaments. North of this shear zone, the Romeral Fault System strike changes from NNE to N.Paleostress calculations gave a WNW–ESE trending, maximum horizontal stress, and 69% of compressive tensors. The orientation of σ1 is consistent with the orientation of the right-lateral distributed shear strain and the compressive state characterizing the Romeral Fault System in the area: it bisects the synthetic and antithetic Riedels and is (sub)-perpendicular to the active Romeral Fault System.It is proposed that the continued movement of the Chocó–Panamá Indenter may be responsible for the 060-oriented right-lateral distributed shear strain, and may have closed the northern part of the Cauca Valley, thereby forming the Cauca Valley Basin.Conjugate extensional faults observed at surface in the flat-lying sediments of the Zarzal Formation and Quindío-Risaralda volcaniclastic Fan are associatedwith soft-sediment deformations. These faults are attributed to lateral spreading of the superficial layers during earthquakes and testify to the continuous tectonic activity from Pleistocene to Present.Finally, results presented here bring newinformation about the understanding of the seismic hazard in this area: whereas the Romeral Fault Systemwas so far thought to be themost likely source of earthquakes, themore recent cross-cutting fault systems described herein are another potential hazard to be considered.  相似文献   

12.
The ENE-plunging macroscopic folds, traced by calc gneiss interbanded with marble and sillimanite schist within the Peninsular Gneiss around Suganapuram in the ‘Palghat gap’ in southern India, represent structures of the second generation (D2). They have folded the axial planes of a set of D1 isoclinal folds on stratification coaxially, so that the mesoscopic D1 folds range from reclined in the hinge zones, through inclined to upright in the limb zones of the D2 folds. Orthogonal relation between stratification and axial planar cleavage, and ‘M’ shaped folds on layering locate the hinge zones of the D1 folds, whereas folds on axial planar cleavage with ‘M’ shaped folds are the sites of the D2 fold hinges. Extreme variation in the shapes of the isoclinal D1 folds from class 1B through class 1C to nearly class 2 of Ramsay is a consequence of buckling followed by flattening on layers of widely varying viscosity contrast. The large ENE-trending structures in this supracrustal belt within the Peninsular Gneiss in the ‘Palghat gap’ could not have evolved by reorientation of NS-trending structures of the Dharwar tectonic province to the north by movement along the Moyar-Bhavani shear zone which marks the boundary between the two provinces. This is because the Moyar and Bhavani faults are steep dipping reverse faults with dominant dip-slip component. Deceased  相似文献   

13.
大别山北部糜棱岩中石英的高温应变   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文
陈晶  王清晨 《地质科学》1995,30(4):432-435
超高压变质岩的发现导致了人们对大别山构造格架的重新认识。最近的研究表明,超高压变质岩只产于大别山南部(Wang et al., 1992),而北部为古生代岛弧杂岩所占据,晓天-磨子潭断裂即为这些杂岩的北界(Wang et al., 1994)。晓天-磨子潭断裂作为左行走滑断裂已经得到公认,但笔者对该断裂南侧糜棱岩的研究表明,其并非左行走滑产物,而是早期变形的构造形迹。本文旨在分析这些糜棱岩中石英的显微构造,进而揭示其早期构造变形特征。  相似文献   

14.
A tectonic mélange exposed on land is examined to reveal relationships between mélange formation, underplating, and deformation mechanisms, focusing on the deformation of basaltic rocks. The studied Mugi Mélange of the Shimanto Belt is composed of a shale matrix surrounding various blocks of sandstone, pelagic sediments, and basalts. The mélange was formed during Late Cretaceous to early Tertiary times in a subduction zone under P–T conditions of 150–200 °C and 6–7 km depth as estimated from vitrinite reflectance and quartz veins fluid inclusions. The mélange represents a range of deformation mechanisms; pressure solution with micro-scale cataclasis in the shale matrix, brittle tension cracking in the blocks, and ubiquitous strong cataclasis in the basal portion of basaltic layers. The cataclastic deformation in the basalts suggests a breakage of a topographic high in the seismogenic depth.  相似文献   

15.
大山口金矿区赋矿地层为上志留统-下泥盆统大山口组含碳细碎屑岩建造,赋矿构造为大山口韧性剪切带.矿区总体构造线走向NWW向,总体构造格架为大山口断裂和可肯达板断裂两个断裂所夹持的乌兰赛尔-大山口韧性剪切带,该剪切带宽度2~3 km,长度大于100 km;矿区内长度大于1.7 km,强剪切带宽度300~500m.韧性剪切带宏观上表现为强烈的片理化带、S-C组构、b型褶皱、构造透镜体发育,石英细脉表现为肠状褶曲.剪切带主要由糜棱岩和糜棱岩化岩石组成.大山口金矿床即产于该韧性剪切带内,由石英大脉-网脉及其边部的蚀变糜棱岩构成金矿石,金矿体几乎无一例外地均产于大山口韧性剪切带内.矿区内未见有大的侵入岩体出露,但是有较多的闪长岩、英安斑岩岩脉侵入于韧性剪切带内.将矿床与乌兹别克斯坦共和国境内的穆龙套金矿床进行了对比,并参考了穆龙套金矿区超深钻新资料.通过对比可以看出,两矿床的成矿地质条件基本相同,应属于同一个金矿类型,但也存在一定的差别.我们认为,在大山口金矿区,除应进一步加强区域上金矿成矿条件的勘查与研究外,应注意深部成矿的勘查与研究,以期解决大山口金矿床地表金矿化"只见星星、没有月亮"的困境.  相似文献   

16.
At Pedregal, more than 40 m of sediments are exposed within a ‘fan complex’ formed between lateral moraines of the adjacent Mucuchache and El Caballo valleys. Early and late Mérida (Wisconsinan) glaciations are represented by till and till plus proglacial sediments, respectively. A middle Wisconsinan interstadial event, here termed the Pedregal interstade, began at the end of the Early Mérida glaciation at approximately 60 ka BP. Following the retreat of ice from the small Pedregal Basin, a lake formed when the local drainage was blocked due to movement of the Mesa de Caballo along the Boconó Fault. Shallow lake or no-lake phases lasted approximately a few hundred to, at most, 2000 years, and each lake phase was marked by peat accumulation. Four of seven peats identified formed during sufficiently long intervals for soil profiles (incipient to mature Spodosols) also to develop. The Spodosol with the strongest development (Eb/Bsb/Coxb/Cub horizons) is found adjacent to the lowest peat and reflects ongoing early Mérida stadial (MIS 3) conditions; the youngest peats, associated with weak podzolic soils (Eb/Bsb horizons), formed under slightly warmer interstadial conditions, presumably with less soil water. Cyclic lacustrine deposition is related to lake level and relative depth fluctuations, due in part to variable shoreline/delta progradation and shallowing as the lake deepened in general. Whereas final drainage of the lake is related to movement of the Boconó Fault and breach of the moraines that form the Mesa de Caballo, earlier lake level fluctuations appear related to climate change. Radiocarbon dating of the peats suggests they are related to warmer periods and may tentatively correlate with small ‘interstadials’ or ‘D-O events’ detected in the oxygen-isotope record of Greenland ice cores and North Atlantic marine sediments.  相似文献   

17.
The orogenic banded iron formation (BIF)-hosted Au mineralization at São Bento is a structurally-controlled, hydrothermal deposit hosted by Archean rocks of the Rio das Velhas greenstone belt, Quadrilátero Ferrífero region, Brazil. The deposit has reserves of 14.3 t Au and historical (underground) production of 44.6 t Au between 1987 and 2001. The oxide-facies São Bento BIF is mineralized at its lower portion, where in contact with carbonaceous, pelitic schists, particularly in the proximity of sulfide-bearing quartz veins. Shear-related Au deposition is associated with the pervasive, hydrothermal sulfidation (mainly arsenopyrite) of the Fe-rich bands of the São Bento BIF. Auriferous, sulfide- and quartz-rich zones represent proximal alteration zones. They are enveloped by ankerite-dominated haloes, which reflect progressive substitution of siderite and magnetite within the BIF by ankerite and pyrrhotite, respectively. The São Bento BIF was intensely and extensively deformed, first into open, upright folds that evolved into tight, asymmetric, isoclinal folds. The inverse limb of these folds attenuated and gave way to sheath folds and the establishment of ductile thrusts. Mineralized horizons at São Bento result from early structural modifications imposed by major transcurrent and thrusts faults, comprising the Conceição, Barão de Cocais and São Bento shear zones. Dextral movement on the SW–NE-directed Conceição shear zone may have generated splays at a compressional side-stepping zone, such as the São Bento shear zone, which is the structural locus for the São Bento gold mineralization. Relaxation of the Conceição shear zone under more brittle conditions resulted in the development of dilatational zones where gold–sulfide–quartz veins formed. These structures are considered to have been generated in the Archean. Geochronological data are scarce, with Pb–Pb analyses of refractory arsenopyrite and pyrite from bedded and remobilized ore plotting on a single-stage growth curve at 2.65 Ga. A later compressional, ductile deformation of unknown age overprinted, rotated and flattened the original, N60E-directed structure of the whole rock succession, with development of planar and linear fabrics that appear similar to Proterozoic-aged structures. Fluid inclusion studies indicate low salinity, aqueous fluids, with or without CO2 and/or CH4, with extremely variable CO2/CH4 ratios, of probable metamorphic origin. Fluid evolution shows a paragenetic decrease in the carbonic phase from 10–15% to 5%, and increase in the H2O/(CO2 + CH4) and CO2/CH4 ratios, suggesting important interaction with carbonaceous sediment. Trapping conditions indicate a temperature of 300 °C at 3.2 kbar.  相似文献   

18.
东昆仑造山带前陆盆地的叠加褶皱及其变形机制   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3       下载免费PDF全文
在东昆仑造山带的三叠纪洪水川群复理石岩系中,发育着两组斜歪－倒转褶皱：一组轴迹方向为北西向,与造山带主体构造线近一致;另一组为新发现的北东向,与造山带主体构造线近垂直,形成叠加褶皱．每一组褶皱均是压扁、纯剪切、纯剪切＋简单剪切三种变形机制的产物．北西向褶皱轴面的南西倒和北东向褶皱轴面的北西倒,与国内外典型的前陆盆地中的褶皱形态不尽相同,反映了动力基础是板块碰撞之后的近于垂直的北东及北西方向挤压应力相继作用下形成的叠加褶皱．北东向褶皱的发现,揭示了造山带中构造应力场的转换．  相似文献   

19.
An intracratonic thrust belt, developed during the early Carboniferous in central Australia, deformed the Amadeus Basin and its basement, the Arunta Block. This belt is characterized by a marked structural asymmetry (vergence) and by the deposition of a thick molasse basin on the foreland. A review of existing field data shows that décollement tectonics produced folding, thrusting, faulting and back-faulting of the sedimentary sequence. Thin-skinned tectonics extend into the basement to produce recumbent folds and têtes plongeantes of nappe structures rooted in steeply dipping mylonite zones of greenschist to amphibolite grade. Minimum horizontal shortening displacements are 50–100 km resulting in a 50–70% contraction of the upper part of the basement. The structures and shortening are best explained by a crustal duplex, characterized by a crustal-scale thrust system, i.e. a sole thrust and imbricate faults, responsible for an isostatic bending of the underthrust slab. The observed Bouguer anomaly profiles support this crustal model. The dynamic evolution of this thrust belt on the scale of the crust is of thin-skin type.  相似文献   

20.
刘超  张庆龙  葛荣峰 《江苏地质》2011,35(2):113-122
太行大断裂是山西沁水盆地与太行山隆起的分界,也是华北克拉通内部重要的构造变形带。通过对断层破碎带、断层相关褶皱及共轭节理的野外详细测量,研究了太行大断裂的构造变形特征,探讨其形成的古构造应力场。研究认为,太行大断裂可能经历了3期构造应力作用:(1)印支期在华南、华北板块碰撞的远程效应作用下表现出近N—S向挤压构造应力场。(2)燕山期表现为E—W向至NWW—SEE向挤压构造应力场。(3)喜马拉雅期由NWW—SEE向挤压转换为NE—SW向挤压(或NW—SE向伸展)。太行大断裂由北至南可分为:(1)北段,由3条呈右阶斜列的大型逆断层组成,基岩出露,以逆冲推覆为主。(2)中段,地表出露斜歪褶皱和逆冲断层组合。(3)南段,发育强烈的挤压破碎带,该带中广泛发育构造角砾岩和构造透镜体,构造挤压带内的构造透镜体陡立,显示近水平方向的挤压。  相似文献   

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