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海堤工后沉降分析预测对工程维护和灾害防治具有重要意义。以海堤工后初期监测资料为基础,运用分层总和法和太沙基一维固结理论反演了土层固结系数,并通过对固结系数变化规律的分析,提出采用改进变维分形预测模型对具有较强趋势性的固结系数进行预测,进而对海堤工后可能发生的长期沉降进行预测。以浙江省洞头县北岙后二期东围堤工程的海堤监测数据作为研究对象进行了验证计算,结果表明,该方法反映了实际土体的固结沉降机制,能够较好地预测海堤工后沉降趋势,具有一定的工程实用意义。 相似文献
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双圆盾构隧道施工引起的地面沉降预测 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
将随机介质理论应用于双圆盾构隧道施工引起的地面沉降计算,假定开挖后土体移动模式为不均匀收敛,推导了土体损失引起的地面沉降计算公式。算例分析结果表明：预测结果与实测值比较吻合;双圆叠加模型计算结果明显偏大,原因是没有考虑双圆盾构重叠部分减少的土体开挖面积,仍按两个单圆的土体开挖面积来计算,导致土体损失量比实际大;将双圆叠加模型计算结果按实际土体开挖面积相应折减,发现其计算结果仍比实测值大,表明双圆盾构隧道不能简单地采用两个单圆叠加得到。对双圆叠加模型进行修正,提出修正系数取值,修正后的双圆叠加模型计算值与实测值较吻合。 相似文献
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吹填土围海造陆技术能有效缓解土地资源紧张的问题,所以提高此项技术水平刻不容缓。但是吹填土中,黏粒含量高,有机质含量高,含水率和压缩性大,强度低,导致固结效率低,沉降速度慢。进行长期沉降观测需要耗费较多的资源,故大部分工程并不进行观测。吹填土土体表面形成硬壳的时间一般需要耗费2～3a之久,工期长,加固效果不理想,工后实际沉降与预期沉降相差很大。因此,为工程达到规定变形的要求,如何结合沉降的观测数据进行长期沉降量的预测,以及针对预测得到沉降量,对吹填土采用哪种处理方式成为我们亟待解决的问题。本文通过自编程序建立了时间序列动态神经网络的非线性方法,并将其运用于吹填土沉降的预测中并分析结果。结果表明,动态神经网络的方法可较为合理准确的运用于软土的固结沉降预测中,误差小,可行性强,预测结果具有较高的精度和稳定性。 相似文献
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Factors Affecting Consolidation Related Prediction of Singapore Marine Clay by Observational Methods
The use of prefabricated vertical drains with preloading option is the most widely-used ground improvement method for the
improvement of marine clays in land reclamation projects. The assessment of the degree of consolidation of the marine clay
is of paramount importance prior to the removal of preload in such ground improvement projects. This analysis can be carried
out by means of observational methods with the use of field settlement plates and piezometer monitoring. Field settlement
monitoring data can be used to ascertain the settlement of the reclaimed fill from the time of initial installation. The field
settlement data can be analysed by the Asaoka method to predict the ultimate settlement of the reclaimed land under the surcharge
fill. Back-analysis of the field settlement data will enable the coefficient of consolidation due to horizontal flow to be
closely estimated. Piezometer monitoring data can be analysed to obtain the degree of consolidation of the improved marine
clay. Back-analysis of the piezometer data will also enable the coefficient of consolidation due to horizontal flow to be
estimated. The aim of this paper is to highlight the significance and impact of the various factors that affect prediction
by the Asaoka and piezometer assessment methods. The authors findings of the Asaoka method reveal that the magnitude of ultimate
settlement decreases and the degree of consolidation subsequently increases as a longer period of assessment is used in the
prediction. The degree of consolidation predicted by the piezometers is found to be in good agreement with the Asaoka method
for the early period of assessment. However as the assessment period increases, the piezometer indicates lower degree of consolidation
as compared to field settlement predictions. 相似文献
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This paper presents the analytical solutions for nonlinear consolidation of soft soil around a shield tunnel with idealized sealing linings. By introducing the empirical relation between permeability and compressibility, along with the conformal transformation, the governing equations of nonlinear consolidation are established, and the corresponding analytical solutions are derived. Then, the Terzaghi consolidation solutions are derived from the degenerate governing equation of nonlinear consolidation. Through the predictions of different consolidation theories in both completely permeable and impermeable lining conditions, the influences of a tunnel acting as a drain and impacting the dissipation of pore pressure, degree of consolidation, long-term ground settlements and ground settlement rates are investigated. During the early stages of consolidation, the case studies reveal that the predictions made by this study strongly agree with the field data when a completely permeable lining is applied. This study confirms that a tunnel acting as a drain can accelerate the consolidation of soil and enlarge soil deformation due to consolidation. During long term consolidation, a notable nonlinearity of the soil consolidation is exhibited by a small and gradually decreasing settlement rate, showing agreement with the tendency of field data from the impermeable conditions. 相似文献
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软土中盾构隧道施工不可避免地扰动周围地层,进而引起地面沉降,沉降过大时将危及邻近建（构）筑物的正常使用和结构安全。全面理解盾构隧道施工引起的地面沉降的影响因素及对沉降的准确预测,对于减少施工环境危害十分重要。考虑盾构压重后,引入Mindlin解计算盾构下卧土层中的附加应力,采用单向压缩分层总和法计算盾构下卧土层的总固结沉降,由盾构掘进速度及停机时间确定附加应力作用时间后,应用太沙基一维固结理论计算在该作用时间内的固结沉降,应用Peck公式建立了盾构下卧土层沉降与地面沉降的关系,并以杭州庆春路过江隧道地面沉降的实测验数据对上述理论进行了验证。分析表明,考虑盾构掘进速度及停机时间的地面沉降计算理论基本合理;盾构掘进速度及停机时间会对隧道施工引起的地面沉降产生显著影响;在其他施工条件相同的前提下,提高盾构掘进速度和减少停机时间有利于减少地面沉降。 相似文献
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A methodology was presented for observation-based settlement prediction with consideration of the spatial correlation structure of soil. The spatial correlation is introduced among the settlement model parameters and the settlements at various points are spatially correlated through these geotechnical parameters, which naturally describe the phenomenon. The method is based on Bayesian estimation by considering both prior information, including spatial correlation and observed settlement, to search for the best estimates of the parameters at any arbitrary points on the ground. Within the Bayesian framework, the optimised selection of auto-correlation distance by Akaike's Bayesian Information Criterion (ABIC) is also proposed. The application of the proposed approach in consolidation settlement prediction using Asaoka's method is presented in this paper. Several case studies were carried out using simulated settlement data to investigate the performance the proposed approach. It is concluded that the accuracy of the settlement prediction can be improved by taking into account the spatial correlation structure and the proposed approach gives the rational prediction of the settlement at any location at any time with quantified uncertainty. 相似文献
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基坑工程施工过程中的周边地面沉降直接关系到周围建筑物的安全,本文根据上海前滩地区某基坑工程的历史监测数据、施工工况和周边地层参数等多源数据对基坑周边地面沉降进行监测和预测。以PSO-BP神经网络为基础,通过将基于时序和基于沉降影响因素的网络模型对比发现：二者预测结果误差较小且基于时序的神经网络预测精度更高,说明利用PSO-BP神经网络能够很好地对基坑周边地面沉降进行分析与预测。为了综合考虑时间效应和空间效应的影响,在基于沉降影响因素的预测模型的基础上加入历史监测数据作为模型输入层进行优化,结果表明：优化后的PSO-BP神经网络模型具有更小的相对误差范围和更高的预测精度,在基坑周边地面沉降预测中有很好的应用前景。 相似文献
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《Computers and Geotechnics》2006,33(4-5):278-282
Dewatering in geotechnical excavations may cause soil consolidation and settlement, which would exert negative skin friction on nearby piles and cause additional pile settlements. Incorporating four steps that include a pumping model, a simplified consolidation evaluation, a pile–soil interaction model and a semi-theoretical pile settlement prediction, this paper presents a procedure to estimate the drawdown, the soil consolidation settlement, the negative friction on the pile shaft and the additional pile settlement, induced by dewatering in phreatic zones. Numerical calculations for a simplified situation of dewatering operation illustrate the proposed procedure in estimating the mechanical effects of dewatering on nearby piles. 相似文献
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Nowadays, the issue of predicting soil settlement has gradually become an important research area. The theory of predicting soil settlement under static load is comparatively mature, while the method of predicting soil settlement under dynamic loading is still at the exploratory stage. This paper aimed to find a suitable model to satisfy the prediction of long-term settlements of subway tunnel. The settlement monitoring data of Subway Line 1 in Shanghai were taken as the case. In this paper, current nonlinear prediction methods of settlement were summarized. The fitting method was introduced and applied in the settlement data of Shanghai subway tunnel; correlation coefficient r of the fitting results can keep a high level in most cases, illustrating the validity of segmentation simulation. Two kinds of prediction methods and its utilizing methods were introduced in this paper, i.e., Grey Model (1, 1) and Auto-Regressive and Moving Average Model (n, m). The settlement trend of Subway Line 1 in Shanghai was predicted by GM (1, 1) and ARMA (n, m) model. The results show that ARMA (n, m) model is more precise than the GM (1, 1). As a new method in settlement prediction field, ARMA (n, m) model is prospective in the future. 相似文献
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Correction of soil parameters in calculation of embankment settlement using a BP network back-analysis model 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
Finite element method (FEM) have been widely used for the calculation of settlement of embankment on soft soils in the last decade. However, due to the complexity of construction, spatial inhomogeneity of soils, as well as sensitivity of numerical results to the variation of soil parameters, large discrepancy typically exists between numerical outputs and field observations. This paper presents a novel method, combining FEM and an improved back-propagation (BP) neural network, for correction of soil parameters in numerical prediction of embankment settlement. Duncan–Chang hyperbolic soil model is adopted with the sensitivity of eight constitutive parameters numerically investigated. The soil parameters with large sensitivity are identified, and together with the representative settlements, are used for the training of the improved BP neural network which, once established, generates correction factors of soil parameters for subsequent more accurate FEM forward predictions. It is demonstrated that the proposed numerical back-analysis framework is very efficient in practical engineering applications to calculate highway settlement. 相似文献
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Prediction of relative crest settlement of concrete-faced rockfill dams analyzed using an artificial neural network model 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
A neural network model has been developed for the prediction of relative crest settlement (RCS) of concrete-faced rockfill dams (CFRDs) using 30 databases of field data from seven countries (of which 21 were used for training and 9 for testing). The settlement values predicted using the optimum artificial neural network (ANN) model are in good agreement with these field data. A database prepared from reported crest settlement values of CFRDs after construction was used to train the ANN model to predict the RCS. It is demonstrated here that the model is capable of predicting accurately the relative crest settlement of CFRDs and is potentially applicable for general usage with knowledge of the three basic properties of a dam (void ratio, e; height, H; and vertical deformation modulus, EV).
The performance of the new ANN model is compared with that of conventional methods based on the Clements theory and also with that of a proposed equation derived from the field data. The comparison indicates that the ANN model has strong potential and offers better performance than conventional methods when used as a quick interpolation and extrapolation tool. The conventional calculation model was proposed based on the fixed connection weights and bias factors of the optimum ANN structure. This method can support the dam engineer in predicting the relative crest settlement of a CFRD after impounding. 相似文献
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Applicability of the rectangular hyperbolic method to settlement predictions of sabkha soils 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
Mosleh A. Al-Shamrani 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》2004,22(4):563-587
In this paper, the applicability of the hyperbolic method to predict settlements of sabkha formations was investigated. Conventional and long-term consolidation tests were conducted, and the fit of the experimental data to a rectangular hyperbolic relationship was examined. The validity of the hyperbolic form as a representation of the settlement-time response of sabkha soils was further ascertained by analysing settlement records measured under an instrumented test embankment. The laboratory results indicated that the settlement-time behaviour could reasonably be represented by the hyperbolic relationship. Settlement estimates determined as the inverse of the slope of the initial linear segment multiplied by the slope of the theoretical curve, or obtained based on the radial slopes corresponding to 50% and 90% consolidation points, all underestimated the observed total settlements. However, the inverse of the slope of the final linear segment of the hyperbolic curve gave excellent estimates of the observed total settlements. The agreements between the predicted and observed in situ ultimate primary consolidation settlements are considered reasonable. Finally, except when the hyperbolic plot follows a straight line, the use of the hyperbolic method for prediction of total settlements of sabkha soils with prominent secondary compression behaviour has been shown to be both uncertain and impractical. 相似文献
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围涂工程的海堤直接坐落在软土地基上,致使地基土受到挤淤、排水固结,产生了较大的沉降量。当前计算海堤沉降基本上按照规范规定以分层沉降总和法为主,辅以软土修正系数,对工后沉降要求结合固结计算和类似工程经验等综合分析确定,对不同的设计人员往往会产生较大的计算误差。如何准确判断海积软土在海堤荷载作用下的沉降变形往往是堤防建造和围海造地等重大工程中的关键环节。为研究海积软土的变形特性,在室内试验和实测沉降的基础上,采用plaxis有限元软件对实际的工程项目全过程施工的模拟,认为采用粘性土弹塑性模型对堤坝沉降变形进行平面应变情况的模拟,沉降模拟跟实测比较接近,并能很好地模拟工后沉降,能解决由经验判断产生的较大误差。 相似文献