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1.
G. P. Zaraisky A. M. Aksyuk V. N. Devyatova O. V. Udoratina V. Yu. Chevychelov 《Petrology》2008,16(7):710-736
The concept of granitic melt fractionation as the main process in the concentration of rare elements in granites calls for
the development of a reliable method to determine the evolutionary sequences of granite series. We propose to use for this
purpose a zirconium-hafnium indicator, the Zr/Hf weight ratio in granitic rocks (Zaraisky et al., 1999, 2000). By the example
of three classic regions of rare-metal deposits, eastern Transbaikalia, central Kazakhstan, and Erzgebirge (Czech Republic
and Germany), it was empirically shown that the Zr/Hf ratio of granites decreases during the fractional crystallization of
granite magmas in the sequence granodiorite → biotite granite → leucogranite → lithium-fluorine granite. The reason is the
higher affinity of Hf compared with Zr to a granite melt. This implies that the crystallization and settling of accessory
zircon will cause the progressive enrichment of Hf relative to Zr in the residual melt. As a result, the Zr/Hf ratio decreases
regularly in the series of sequential phases of granite intrusion related to a single magma chamber from granodiorite to biotite
granite, leucogranite, and Li-F granite (from 45-30 to 10-2). Our experimental investigations supported the preferential enrichment
of haplogranite melt in Hf and zircon crystals in equilibrium with melt in Zr (T= 800°C and P = 1 kbar). The Zr/Hf indicator was tested by the example of the wellknown Kukulbei rare-metal granite complex of eastern
Transbaikalia (J3), which is unique in the degree of fractionation of initial granite melt with the formation of three phases
of granite emplacement and vein derivatives. An important feature of the complex is its “short” differentiation trend. It
was supposed that the granite magma of the first phase is parental, and the later phases forming small intrusive bodies in
large massifs of biotite granites of the first phase are sequential products of its crystallization differentiation in a magma
chamber. The biotite granites of the first phase are barren. The leucocratic granites of the second phase are accompanied
by tin-tungsten greisen deposits (e.g., Spokoininskoe), and the upper part of cupola-like stocks of Li-F amazonite granites
of the third phase host apogranite-type tantalum deposits (Orlovka, Etyka, and Achikan). In addition to three granite phases,
the Kukulbei complex includes dikes of ongonites, elvans, amazonite granites, and chamber miarolitic pegmatites. All of the
granitic rocks of the complex have similar isotopic ages of 142± 0.6 Ma. The Zr/Hf ratio decreases systematically from phase
1 (40–25), to phase 2 (20–10), and phase 3 (10–2). The ongonites, elvans, and pegmatites have similar Zr/Hf ratios (15-5),
falling between the ranges of leucocratic muscovite granites and Li-F granites. Compared with other granite series, the granitic
rocks of the Kukulbei complex show specific petrographic and geochemical features: they are strongly enriched in Rb, Li, Cs,
Be, Sn, W, Mo, Ta, Nb, Bi, and F but depleted in Mg, Ca, Fe, Ti, P, Sr, Ba, V, Co, Ni, Cr, Zr, REE, and Y. From the early
to late intrusion phases, the degree of enrichment and depletion in these element groups increases regularly. This is accompanied
by a significant decrease (from 40 to 2) in Zr/Hf, which can be used as a reliable indicator of genetic relations, degree
of fractionation, and rare-metal potential of granites. Granites with Zr/Hf values lower than 25 are promising for prospecting
for Sn, W, Mo, and Be greisen deposits, whereas the formation of Ta deposits requires Zr/Hf values lower than 10. 相似文献
2.
Calcic skarns and transversal zoning in the Banat mountains, Romania: indicators of an Andean-type setting 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
Ş. N. Vlad 《Mineralium Deposita》1997,32(5):446-451
Calcic skarn deposits related to Upper Cretaceous – Paleocene banatitic intrusions are widely developed in the Banat Mountains
(southwestern Romanian Carpathians). There is a spatial distribution of banatitic igneous rocks and associated ore deposits
in parallel zones, due to subduction beneath the southwest Carpathians. As a result three distinct petro-metallogenetic units
developed, i.e. marginal unit: Moldova Nouă– Sasca; median unit: Ciclova – Oravita; and the inner unit: Dognecea – Ocna de
Fier. The magmatism changed inland from monzonite and diorite → granodiorite occurrences to granodiorite → granite plutons.
The related mineralization shifted simultaneously from Cu (Mo) to Cu-Mo (W) and eventually Fe(Cu)/Pb-Zn. The distribution
of both magmatism and related ore deposits in parallel petro-metallogenetic zones is considered similar to that in the Andes.
In particular, calcic skarns and related ore deposits that occur in these units show a transversal zonal variation represented
by compositional features of pyroxene and granat, sequence of mineralization and metallogenetic environment. Such zonal characteristics
represent an additional but nonetheless significant indicator for an Andean-type subduction-related setting.
Received: 3 June 1996 / Accepted: 10 January 1997 相似文献
3.
Summary The strongly peraluminous, P- and F-rich granitic system at Podlesí in the Krušné Hory Mountains, Czech Republic, resembles
the zonation of rare element pegmatites in its magmatic evolution (biotite → protolithionite → zinnwaldite granites). All
granite types contain disseminated Nb-Ta-Ti-W-Sn minerals that crystallized in the following succession: rutile + cassiterite
(in biotite granite), rutile + cassiterite → ferrocolumbite (in protolithionite granite) and ferrocolumbite → ixiolite →
ferberite (in zinnwaldite granite). Textural features of Nb-Ta-Ti-W minerals indicate a pre-dominantly magmatic origin with
only minor post-magmatic replacement phenomena. HFSE remained in the residual melt during the fractionation of the biotite
granite. An effective separation of Nb + Ta into the melt and Sn into fluid took place during subsequent fractionation of
the protolithionite granite, and the tin-bearing fluid escaped into the exocontact. To the contrast, W contents are similar
in both protolithionite and zinnwaldite granites.
Although the system was F-rich, only limited Mn-Fe and Ta-Nb fractionation appeared. Enrichment of Mn and Ta was suppressed
due to foregoing crystallization of Mn-rich apatite and relatively low Li content, respectively. The content of W in columbite
increases during fractionation and enrichment in P and F in the melt. Ixiolite (up to 1 apfu W) instead of columbite crystallized
from the most fluxes-enriched portions of the melt (unidirectional solidification textures, late breccia). 相似文献
4.
DC, a multi-metal ore field, is an important and well known producer of tin in China. Besides tin, also mined are zinc, lead, antimony, copper, arsenic, tungsten, mercury, silver and many other metals. Most of the deposits in this region occur in Devonian limestones and siliceous shales. The ore deposits in this field are predominated by cassiterite sulphide type. As to the origin of those deposits, they seem closely related to biotite granite. The ore-forming material is mainly derived from magmatic rocks, and part of it may come from the host rocks. The appearance of horizontal zoning of ore deposits in this field is extremely distinct, with LXG biotite granite as the core. Found in the magmatic rocks is molybdenum mineralization. From the biotite granite outwards there displays such an occurring sequence as the following: copper (zinc) skarn ore deposits, scheelite ore deposits, wolframite ore deposits, cassiterite sulphide ore deposits, lead-zinc (antimony) ore deposits and mercury or arsenic ore deposits. In this region the mineralizing-temperature zoning is also distinguishable, basically in agreement with the horizontal zoning of ore deposits. In other words, the formation temperature of ore deposits occurring around the granite is higher than that farther away from the granite. The following mineralization periods and stages can be divided: the first period, including skarn sub-stage, cassiterite-quartz sub-stage, cassiterite-sulphide sub-stage, cassiterite-calcite sub-stage; the second period, including ferrosphalerite (galena)-franckeite sub-stage, jamesonite-boulangerite sub-stage; and the third period, including pyrite-calcite sub-stage. The characters of material composition are as follows: ore minerals are characterized by great variety, perfect crystallinity, large grain-size and abundant sulfosalts. More than 90 species of minerals have been identified. What is more interesting is that lead and antimony in some of the cassiterite-sulfide deposits are derived from jamesonite rather than galena and stibnite, which provides an example rarely encountered in metallic deposits throughout the world. 相似文献
5.
湘南圳口石英脉型黑钨矿床白云母Ar-Ar同位素测年及其对区域找矿勘查的指示 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
彭公庙岩体是南岭地区早古生代大花岗岩基的典型代表之一,在其周围发育有圳口、张家垄及杨梅坑等大-中型的钨矿床(点)。由于钨矿化主要产出于彭公庙岩体的内部及其周缘地层中,这些矿床过去一直被认为形成于早古生代,与彭公庙岩体有着紧密的成因联系。然而,这些矿床与大花岗岩基的时间及成因关系尚未准确厘定。文章在已有研究的基础上,对圳口钨矿进行了高精度白云母Ar-Ar测年,获得坪年龄为(148.0±0.7)Ma(MSDW=3.1),对应的等时线年龄为(148.1±0.8)Ma(MSDW=2.6),反等时线年龄为(148.1±0.8)Ma(MSDW=2.6),表明圳口钨矿床形成于晚侏罗世,明显晚于早古生代彭公庙大花岗岩基的侵位时间,是南岭地区中-晚侏罗世大规模钨锡成矿事件的一部分。通过总结研究发现,区域上早古生代花岗岩基周缘的钨锡矿床均形成于晚侏罗世,该结论不仅表明研究区深部晚侏罗世岩浆活动强烈,而且指示区内不同矿床之间在成因上密切相关。整个区域上的矿床类型和空间分布显示出不同的围岩性质制约了不同的矿化过程,从而形成不同的矿床类型。含矿热液沿着裂隙通道向上运移,当围岩为花岗岩时,形成了石英脉-云英岩型矿床,而当围岩为碎屑岩时,则形成石英脉型矿床。这些不同类型矿床可以构成一套矿床组合模型,互为找矿指示。 相似文献
6.
北山造山带花牛山岛弧东段钨矿床成矿时代和成矿动力学过程 总被引：4，自引：3，他引：1
北山造山带位于中亚造山带最南缘,为多期岛弧、蛇绿混杂岩拼贴而成的增生型造山带;晚古生代,北山造山带的构造活动引发强烈的花岗质岩浆活动,伴随有广泛的钨(钼)成矿作用;本文对北山南带花牛山岛弧三个典型含钨花岗岩体:盘陀山、鹰嘴红山及玉山岩体进行详细的锆石U-Pb年代学、全岩地球化学研究。SIMS锆石U-Pb定年结果表明该区成矿花岗岩分为两个侵入期次:(1)晚志留世月牙山-洗肠井蛇绿混杂岩南段出露花岗岩,其中,盘陀山二长花岗岩422.0±1.5Ma;盘陀山钾长花岗岩417.0±1.7Ma;鹰咀红山钾长花岗岩424.0±1.3Ma;(2)晚二叠世柳园蛇绿混杂带北侧玉山花岗岩体,定年结果为280.8±3.0Ma。岩石地球化学研究表明盘陀山-鹰嘴红山花岗岩带为过铝质S型花岗岩,玉山岩体为A型花岗岩。岩体稀土含量较高,具右倾型稀土配分模式,LREE分异强烈,HREE分异不明显,样品Eu亏损强烈。原始地幔标准化蛛网图中总体显示较为一致的分布模式,大离子亲石元素Ba、Sr呈现明显负异常,富集Th、U、Pb、Zr、Hf等元素而亏损高场强元素Ta、Nb、Ti、P。结合晚古生代北山构造演化过程,推断国庆-鹰嘴红山钨矿为公婆泉岛弧与花牛山岛弧碰撞阶段形成,而玉山钨矿床为晚华力西期弧后伸展构造背景的产物。 相似文献
7.
西昆仑大红柳滩地区相继发现了众多伟晶岩型锂铍矿床,已成为我国新的锂资源基地。目前关于这些锂铍花岗伟晶岩的成因多强调其源于地壳深熔形成的二云母二长花岗岩的结晶分异,但研究区出露的同时代的黑云母花岗岩与成矿的关系没有被讨论和关注。为了探讨黑云母花岗岩与成矿的关系,作者对龙门山矿区黑云母花岗岩、二云母二长花岗岩、花岗伟晶岩以及与成矿相关的细晶花岗岩开展了详细的地球化学及年代学研究。结果显示：1)黑云母花岗岩与二云母二长花岗岩具相似的地球化学特征,富集Rb、La和Nd,亏损Ba、Nb、Sr、P和Ti元素,均表现出S型花岗岩的特征;2)从黑云母花岗岩→二云母二长花岗岩→细晶花岗岩,表现出连续分异演化的特征;3)黑云母花岗岩的锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年龄为216.8±0.85Ma,二云母二长花岗岩的锆石SIMS U-Pb年龄为216.0±1.5Ma,细晶花岗岩的锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年龄为209.5±1.2Ma,花岗伟晶岩的锡石LA-MC-ICP-MS U-Pb年龄为211.3±5.0Ma,这意味着从黑云母花岗岩到二云母二长花岗岩与细晶花岗岩的形成时间是连续的并且是接近的。基于此... 相似文献
8.
大量研究表明辽宁青城子地区主要成矿作用与印支期岩浆活动有密切关系,为了进一步研究印支期岩浆活动与成矿关系,文章在详细野外工作的基础上,对印支期侵入岩体进行了岩石地球化学测试分析。结果表明,青城子地区印支期花岗岩的w(SiO2)介于61.67%～77.69%,w(K2O)介于3.96%～6.67%,w(Na2O)为0.04%～4.42%,里特曼指数为0.57～5.19,多数小于3.3,主要为高钾钙碱性和钾玄岩系列;在以w(SiO2)为横坐标、其他氧化物为纵坐标的哈克图解中,除了w(Na2O)、w(K2O)与w(SiO2)的线性关系不明显外,其他氧化物均与w(SiO2)呈线性关系,说明它们具有明显的岩浆演化关系;微量元素均富集大离子亲石元素,亏损高场强元素,原始地幔标准化配分曲线呈右倾模式,稀土元素球粒陨石标准化配分模式呈轻稀土元素富集、重稀土元素亏损的右倾模式;构造判别图指示了青城子地区印支期岩浆活动产于同碰撞大地... 相似文献
9.
Burpala is a unique peralkaline pluton known to the world. Alkaline pegmatites of the pluton contain about 70 rare-metal minerals.
A new scheme of rock crystallization is offered: shonkinite → nepheline syenite → alkali syenite → quartz syenite → vein rocks:
mariupolite, rare-metal pegmatite, apatite-fluorite, and alkali granite. Investigation of fluid inclusions in fluorite from
the apatite-fluorite rocks established the high temperatures (520–560°C) of homogenization of multiphase salt inclusions.
Fluids from inclusions are dominated by hydrocarbonates and chlorides as anions and sodium and calcium as cations; microelements
include strontium, barium, boron, iron, manganese, lithium, rubidium, and cesium, i.e., components characteristic of magmatogenic
fluids. These rocks are analogous to foskorites of carbonatite complexes in the high calcium content, but calcite is replaced
with fluorite along with other foskorite minerals such as apatite, magnetite, mica, and pyroxene. 相似文献
10.
相山矿田的铀矿床集中分布于相山北部和西部两个铀成矿带,其中北部花岗斑岩型铀矿床占资源总量的36. 55%。前人从年代学、地球化学、控矿因素与成矿模式等多方面对相山北部花岗斑岩做了不同程度的研究,但对于南部具有相同地质特征的花岗斑岩研究较为薄弱。近年来在相山南部相继发现浯漳、刁元、上南等众多铀矿点且见有一百多米的矿化段,表明其具有较大找矿前景。本文选择相山南部浯漳花岗斑岩开展野外地质调查、地球化学特征和LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年等的系统研究,在厘定地质特征和成岩年代的基础上,探讨其岩石类型、构造环境及物质来源。研究结果如下:(1)花岗斑岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年结果显示,~(206)Pb/~(238)U年龄加权平均值分别为135. 6±1. 6Ma(MSWD=0. 67,n=17)、135. 2±1. 5Ma(MSWD=0. 95,n=19),集中在134～136Ma之间,属于早白垩世时期;(2)花岗斑岩Sr含量为154×10~(-6)～261×10~(-6),Yb含量为2. 65×10~(-6)～3. 62×10~(-6),具有低Sr高Yb特征,属浙闽型(S型)花岗岩;(3)花岗斑岩属于燕山晚期后造山伸展拉张构造环境的产物;(4)花岗斑岩来自中元古代上地壳部分熔融,未有明显地幔物质参与;(5)对比相山北部产铀花岗斑岩规模、岩相、年代学、地球化学等特征,浯漳花岗斑岩具有产铀可能性,相山南部地区至今找矿未有突破,可能是缺乏深部勘查工程,从而导致隐伏矿体未被发现。 相似文献
11.
湖南崇阳坪地区石英脉型钨矿床的地质特征、成矿规律及成矿模式 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
崇阳坪地区位于南岭西段,区内出露有中华山、崇阳坪、瓦屋塘3个岩体,且在岩体内已发现了初具规模的寨溪山、上茶山、牛角界、沙溪等钨矿床,主要矿化形式为浸染状、细脉状白钨矿、黑钨矿化,常见围岩蚀变有云英岩化、钾长石化、钠长石化、电气石化、绿泥石化等,属于石英脉型钨矿床(主要为白钨矿)。区内崇阳坪岩体LAICP-MS锆石U_Pb年龄为(214.2±1.7)Ma,瓦屋塘岩体年龄为(223.1±2.1)Ma,形成于印支期,研究区内的钨矿(化)体均产于印支期花岗岩体接触带上,空间上与二长花岗岩侵入体关系密切,成矿与成岩基本同时,这填补了华南地区印支期花岗岩不能形成独立钨矿的空白。文章在总结归纳前人研究成果的基础上,结合近年来在该区找矿取得的进展,主要从以上矿床的地质特征入手,总结分析该区钨矿床的成矿规律,并在此基础上初步建立该区石英脉型钨矿床成矿模型。 相似文献
12.
Discussed in this paper are the processes of albitization and iron activation during the formation of iron deposits, the transport
and hydrolysis of iron, chemical reaction characteristic of wall-rock alteration responsible for the localization of iron
deposits, the dynamic factors affecting these reactions and systematic variations in pH of ore-forming solutions. A metasomatic
series of Na→ Ca→ Fe is noticed when diorite and dark minerals + anorthite + quartz react with 1–3m NaCl solutions at 400°–500°C.
Hydrolysis of FeCl2 has been experimentally studied as a function of temperature and pressure. It is suggested that the pH of ore-forming solutions
varies in the direction of alkalic→intermediate→acid→intermediate←kalic from early to late stages. 相似文献
13.
赣南兴国县张家地钼钨矿床成岩成矿时代及地质意义 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
地处EW向南岭成矿带和NE向武夷山成矿带叠置部位的赣南兴国-宁都钨锡矿集区产有多处不同矿化类型的钨锡多金属矿床,但总体研究程度较低。本文基于详细野外地质调查,重点开展了张家地钼钨矿床的高精度成岩成矿年代学研究,并探讨了区域钨锡矿床成岩成矿时空分布及地球动力学背景。张家地钼钨矿化产于花岗岩与震旦纪浅变质细碎屑岩的内、外接触带,包括石英脉型(王泥排矿段)和云英岩型(刘家庄矿段)两种矿化类型。利用SHRIMP锆石U-Pb法,获得张家地钼钨矿区似斑状中细粒黑云母花岗岩的年龄为154.1±1.8Ma;利用辉钼矿Re-Os法,获得王泥排矿段石英脉型矿体的辉钼矿Re-Os等时线年龄为158.4±3.1Ma、加权平均年龄为157.7±1.4Ma,刘家庄矿段云英岩型矿体的辉钼矿Re-Os等时线年龄为161.9±3.2Ma、加权平均年龄为157.9±1.6Ma,厘定矿床成岩成矿时代为晚侏罗世,对应于华南中生代第二次大规模成矿作用。石英脉型和云英岩型矿体中辉钼矿的铼含量均较低(9.58×10-6~22.65×10-6),表明成矿物质以壳源为主;综合分析区域最新年代学数据资料,表明钨锡矿床成岩成矿具多期性,主要集中在240~210Ma、170~150Ma和130~90Ma,以赣南和湘南为中心,钨锡矿床向四周成矿年龄均呈变小趋势。燕山期钨锡大规模成岩成矿作用主要形成于华南中生代岩石圈伸展-减薄时期的侏罗纪板内拉张的地球动力学背景。 相似文献
14.
《International Geology Review》2012,54(4):621-629
The decisive factor in the genesis of a deposit of any particular formation is the development of a mobile folded zone in time and the change in character of the manifestation of intrusive magmatism and mineralization associated with it. The Chukotka deposits provide a convincing illustration of the connection between deposits of a particular stanniferous formation, of diverse composition, and granitoids at certain stages in the development of a mobile Mesozoic zone of folding. The geological-geochernical and structural factors in the Chukotka tin-tungsten province lead to the following classification, starting with: 1) stanniferous pegmatite; 2) stanniferous (tungsteniferous) skarn formation; 3) cassiterite quartz formation; 4) cassiterite-quartz-sulfide formation; 5) cassiterite silicate formation; 6) cassiterite sulfide formation. Each type and its subtype are discussed and details of the individual genetic types of stanniferous deposits are given in a table. Industrial tin mineralization in Chukotka is connected with deposits of cassiterite-silicate and cassiterite-quartz sulfide formations, while tin-tungsten mineralization is associated with cassiterite-quartz formation. — C.E. Sears. 相似文献
15.
Quartz-tourmaline lenses, around which host granite is impregnated by uraninite, have been found among porphyritic granite
with large phenocrysts of the Urtui pluton in the Ttansbaikal krai framing the Strel’tsovka volcano-tectonic structure. Two
generations of tourmaline are distinguished. Most individual crystals belong to the first generation attributed to “fluor-schorl”;
tourmaline-II attributed to schorl occurs as thin rims overgrowing tourmaline-I. The major type of cation isomorphic substitution
in both tourmalines is Fe2+ → Mg. The Fe3+/Fetot value and Li content in the average sample are 2% and 80 ppm, respectively. The high F content, comparatively high Li, low
Fe3+/Fetot value, and character of cation isomorphic substitution indicate that the tourmaline relates to greisens. The combination
of these features allows one to distinguish greisen-type tourmaline-bearing rocks. The impregnated uranium mineralization
in granite of the Urtui pluton, one of the probable sources of uranium in economic U ore of the Strel’tsovka deposit, is suggested
to be caused by greisenization and the formation of quartz-tourmaline lenses. 相似文献
16.
长江中下游成矿带庐枞矿集区首例钨矿床成岩成矿时代及其意义 总被引：8，自引：7，他引：1
庐枞矿集区是长江中下游成矿带中重要的铁铜多金属成矿区之一。2014年在矿集区北部首次勘探发现了东顾山钨多金属矿床,其成矿与隐伏黑云母花岗岩体关系密切。东顾山矿床的矿床地质特征和成矿岩浆岩明显不同于该矿集区内已知的斑岩型铜金矿床和玢岩型铁矿床有关的岩浆岩。本次工作在详细野外地质工作的基础上,开展了东顾山钨多金属矿床地质特征、成矿岩体的岩石学和成岩成矿时代研究。研究表明,东顾山矿床为矽卡岩型钨多金属矿床,其锆石LA ICP-MS U-Pb定年结果为99.7±1.5Ma~99.9±1.7Ma,与钨矿化形成于同一期岩浆热液活动的辉钼矿的Re-Os定年结果为97.22±0.77Ma,成岩成矿时代相近,表明东顾山钨多金属矿床的成矿作用与东顾山岩体几乎同时形成,二者具有密切的成因联系。通过与区域成岩成矿时代的对比,本文首次提出庐枞矿集区内存在100Ma左右的成岩成矿事件,在成矿时代和矿床类型上明显区别于成矿带先存的140Ma的斑岩-矽卡岩型铜矿床和130Ma的玢岩型铁矿床,是长江中下游成矿带新的一期成矿作用产物,据此将成矿带的燕山期成矿时代范围重新确定在145~97Ma之间,说明长江中下游成矿带存在与华南中生代第三次大规模成矿作用对应的伸展地球动力背景下的成矿事件。东顾山钨多金属矿床为下一步在庐枞矿集区及区域上开展100Ma左右的钨多金属矿床找矿勘探提供了重要的线索,也为区域成岩成矿作用的动力学背景进一步深入研究提出了新的课题。 相似文献
17.
西秦岭与埃达克岩和喜马拉雅型花岗岩有关的金铜成矿及找矿问题 总被引：13，自引：6，他引：7
秦岭金矿分布广,目前学术界大多认为分属于造山型和卡林型金矿两类.该区印支期花岗岩发育,大多具有埃达克岩和喜马拉雅型花岗岩(低Sr和Yb)的特点,与金铜矿在时空分布上相关.美国内华达州卡林型金矿是世界级的金矿聚集区.与卡林型金矿有关的第三纪岩浆岩(中酸性火山岩和浅成花岗岩)也具有埃达克岩和喜马拉雅型花岗岩的地球化学特征,暗示内华达卡林型金矿也来源于加厚下地壳的底部.本文讨论了埃达克岩和喜马拉雅型花岗岩有利于成矿的机理,并根据西秦岭金矿与花岗岩分布的关系,提出以夏河-宕昌-两当-凤县为界将西秦岭划分为南北两个成矿区和13个成矿聚集区:北区花岗岩发育,有利于寻找斑岩型、夕卡岩型等热液型金铜矿床;南带侵入岩少而小,有利于寻找远离岩体的金矿(包括卡林型等).鉴于西秦岭印支期埃迭克岩和喜马拉雅型花岗岩发育,金铜尤其是金矿分布多,储量大,且大多与埃达克岩或喜马拉雅型花岗岩有关,可能是中国金矿最具潜力的地区,有利于特大型金铜矿的产出,可能发展成为中国最大的金矿聚集区.为此,建议加强本区花岗岩与金铜成矿关系的研究,革新找矿思路和找矿技术方法,以实现找矿的新突破. 相似文献
18.
湘南尖峰岭岩体锆石U-Pb年龄、地球化学特征及成因 总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2
香花岭锡多金属矿田处于南岭西段中_晚侏罗世形成的花山_西山_香花岭_骑田岭NE向的富碱侵入岩带上,是湘南地区矿化类型最为完整的锡矿区。尖峰岭岩体为矿田内主要的成矿母岩之一。为了进一步明确尖峰岭黑云母花岗岩的岩石成因及成岩年龄,笔者对尖峰岭黑云母花岗岩开展了LA_ICP_MS锆石U_Pb测年及岩石地球化学特征分析。锆石LA_ICP_MS U_Pb测年获得206Pb/238U年龄介于(158.6±2.3)Ma~(164.8±4.5)Ma之间,加权平均年龄为(160.7±2.2)Ma(MSWD=0.8),这与香花岭锡多金属矿田的成矿时限(154~161 Ma)相吻合,表明岩体的侵位与区内多金属成矿作用均发生于中_晚侏罗世。尖峰岭岩体的主量、微量元素研究显示,尖峰岭黑云母花岗岩具有富硅、富碱及成矿元素,富LILE及Zr、Ga等部分高场强元素(HFSE),贫Ca、Mg、P、Eu特征,指示尖峰岭黑云母花岗岩属于过铝质A型花岗岩(A2型)。综合研究表明,尖峰岭黑云母花岗岩体与其周缘钨锡多金属矿床在时间、空间及成因上有密切关系。结合区域上已有的同位素年代学数据,香花岭矿区的成岩成矿作用与南岭西段同时代的其他钨锡多金属矿床形成于同一岩石圈伸展的地球动力学背景下。 相似文献
19.
河南熊耳山地区花山花岗岩与金矿化的关系 总被引：14，自引：0，他引：14
熊耳山地区是豫西重要的金矿化集中区。通过对该区花山花岗岩的化学组成、微量元素、稀土元素、稳定同位素特征及与金矿化关系的研究,得出如下主要研究成果：（1）在R型聚类分析谱系图上表明岩体中Au、Ag、Pb、Cu、Ba元素与金矿床微量元素相关性趋于一致;（2）在稀土元素配分模式图上表现出花岗岩和蚀变岩具有相似的右倾配分曲线的特征;（3）在流体包裹体的w(Na+)-w(K+)-w(Ca2++Mg2+)成分三角图上表明金成矿流体和岩浆热液具亲缘关系;（4）岩体线性构造控制了花山地区构造蚀变岩型和爆破角砾岩型金矿床的时空分布;（5）金矿床的成矿时代为燕山期,花山花岗岩的成岩时间集中于81～159 Ma;（6）S、H、O、Pb同位素组成表明成矿物质和成矿流体来自岩浆热液。 相似文献
20.
The Chengchao and Jinshandian deposits in the southeast Hubei Province are the two largest skarn Fe deposits in the Middle–Lower Yangtze River Valley metallogenic belt (MLYRVMB), China. They are characterized by NW-striking orebodies that are developed along the contacts between the Late Mesozoic granitoid and Triassic carbonate and clastic rocks. New sensitive high-resolution ion microprobe and laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry zircon U–Pb dating of the mineralization-related quartz diorite and granite at Chengchao yield ages of 129 ± 2 and 127 ± 2 Ma, respectively, and those at Jinshandian of 127 ± 2 and 133 ± 1 Ma, respectively. These results are interpreted as the crystallization age of these intrusions. Hydrothermal phlogopite samples from the skarn ores at Chengchao and Jinshandian have the plateau 40Ar–39Ar ages of 132.6 ± 1.4 and 131.6 ± 1.2 Ma, respectively. These results confirm that both intrusions and associated skarn Fe mineralization were formed contemporaneously in the middle Early Cretaceous time. New zircon U–Pb and phlogopite 40Ar–39Ar ages in this study, when combined with available precise geochronological data, demonstrate that there were two discontinuous igneous events, corresponding to two episodes of skarn Fe-bearing mineralization in the southeast Hubei Province: (1) 140–136 Ma diorites and quartz diorites and 141–137 Ma skarn Cu–Fe or Fe–Cu deposits and (2) 133–127 Ma quartz diorites and granites and 133–132 Ma skarn Fe deposits. This scenario is similar to that proposed for the entire MLYRVMB. The intrusions related to skarn Fe deposits show obviously petrological and geochemical differences from those related to skarn Cu–Fe or Fe–Cu deposits. The former are quartz diorite and diorite in petrology and have similar adakitic geochemical signatures and in equilibrium with a garnet-rich residue, whereas the latter are petrologically granite and quartz diorite that are distinguishable from adakitic rocks and in equilibrium with a plagioclase residue. These features indicated that two episodes of magmatism and the formation of skarn Fe-bearing deposits in the southeast Hubei Province, MLYRVMB, might be associated lithosphere thinning induced by asthenosphere upwelling during the Late Mesozoic. 相似文献