共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 234 毫秒
1.
2.
通过对黔南坳陷和桂中坳陷的地层对比和分析,识别出了8种层序界面标志,共划分两个超(二级)层序SS1和SS2,并讨论了各体系域特征。在层序格架中对研究区内的储集体类型进行了总结,主要包括生物礁(滩)储集体、白云岩储集体和缝洞型储集体等3种类型。对层序格架中储集体的成因类型进行了总结归纳:有利的储集体主要有TST礁滩灰岩储集体、HST礁滩灰岩、白云岩储集体。 相似文献
3.
鄂尔多斯盆地奥陶系马家沟组层序地层格架研究——兼论陆表海沉积作用和早期成岩作用对相对海平面变化的响应 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
在论述马家沟组三级层序地层成因的基础上,重新厘定了鄂尔多斯盆地马家沟组层序地层格架。马家沟组马一段至马五段划分为4个三级层序,除了Sq1为Ⅰ型层序之外,Sq2、Sq3、Sq4都是Ⅱ型层序。在陆架内Sq1和Sq4由TST和HST构成;Sq2、Sq3由TST、HST和ISLST构成。TST以正常盐度浅海中形成的生物灰岩和泥晶灰岩为特征,HST以准同生期近地表的略为咸化海水成因的泥晶—细粉晶白云岩为特征,陆架内低水位体系域(ISLST)由陆架内盐湖形成的巨厚的蒸发岩系构成。ISLST和HST在空间分布上和成因上是密切相关的,ISLST置于Ⅱ型层序的顶部或者近顶部比较合理。传统的层序地层学将层序界面置于高水位体系域与低水位体系域之间,在此建议将层序界面置于低水位体系域与海侵体系域之间的海侵面。编制了层序3的海侵体系域、高水位体系域、低水位体系域全盆地层序古地理略图。 相似文献
4.
黔中、黔南下、中三叠统沉积相和层序地层 总被引：3，自引：2，他引：3
本文记述了对黔中、黔南地区早、中三叠世的碳酸盐岩和陆源的屑岩沉积的分析研究结果,着重讨论了该区沉积层序及其形成机制。早二叠世该区为缓坡,中三叠世演变为陡坡,沉积层序发生了变化。沉积盆地边缘沉积与海平面波动有密切关系,对斜坡上的层序地层及海平面波动作了初步研究。 相似文献
5.
鄂尔多斯盆地西缘晚石炭世沉积体系与高频层序旋回--以呼鲁斯太剖面例析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
鄂尔多斯盆地西缘呼鲁斯太剖面上石炭统包括靖远组、羊虎沟组和太原组,发育有堡岛、堡岛-台地和潮控三角洲三种沉积体系,自下而上可以划分出16个海进－ 海退层序旋回,每个层序旋回的时限为1.1 ～ 3.3Ma, 平均 1.9Ma,相当于四级相对海平面变化旋回,属高频层序旋回。每个层序由海侵体系域和早期高位体系域、晚期高位体系域组成,偶发育有强制海退体系域。晚石炭世早期海侵来自祁连海,太原晚期,祁连海与华北连通。研究区古海平面变化表现为先慢速后快速海侵和快速海退,少数为正常海退,并由此建立了古海岸平原的层序地层模式。 相似文献
6.
根据层序界面的特点、凝缩段的组成,思茅盆地二叠系可分为2个Ⅱ级层序、9个Ⅲ级层序.在此基础上,探讨了层序格架与油气生储盖的关系可分为2个二级层序界面为一构造侵蚀不整合层序界面,是极好的储集场所.此时西部盆地中沉积物已经变质,与生储盖关系不大;而东部地区以开阔碳酸盐台地为主,低位体系域、海侵体系域和高位体系域以形成储集层为主.第2个二级层序由海侵-高位体系域所构成.海侵体系域由龙潭组下部所组成,在普洱西部崖子以西为深水盆地（含斜坡）环境,以东为浅海环境,邻近东部古陆区为滨海环境.无论盆地或浅海,岩性以深灰-灰黑色泥岩为主,生烃性能极好.高位体系域可以分为早期高位体系域和晚期高位体系域.早期高位体系域由龙潭组上部层位组成,西为浅海相砂岩、火山岩等,可作储层;东为滨海平原,下部以深灰、灰黑色泥岩为主,是很好的生油岩,上部以砂岩为主夹火山岩,可作为储集层.晚期高位体系域西部为长兴组灰岩、白云质灰岩、白云岩,可作为储层之用. 相似文献
7.
8.
为明确鄂尔多斯盆地中南部上古生界层序特点与岩相古地理演化规律,利用周缘野外露头和盆地钻井测井相特征,分析层序界面、体系域界面的岩性、古构造及海侵方向变化特征,总结层序发育特点与岩相古地理演化规律。结果表明: 不同风化序列的区域性不整合面及海侵方向转换面为二级层序界面,区域性海退面、下切冲刷面及陆上暴露面为三级层序界面; 潮间带砂坪及近岸相海侵含砾砂岩顶为海侵面,最大海侵面发育灰岩、泥页岩及煤层,是海侵体系域与高位体系域分界面; 上古生界包括二级层序2个: MSQ1、MSQ2,三级层序6个: SQ1、SQ2、SQ3、SQ4、SQ5、SQ6,其中SQ1—SQ2发育水进体系域与高位体系域,不发育低位体系域,SQ1为潟湖—障壁海岸沉积体系,SQ2为泥炭坪—泥坪相潮坪沉积;SQ3—SQ6发育完整的低位—海侵—高位体系域,SQ3发育区域性海退进积海陆过渡相三角洲沉积,SQ4早期为低位体系域下切冲蚀砂体,晚期沉积古环境由温暖湿润还原环境演变为炎热干燥的氧化环境,SQ5—SQ6早中期为氧化环境三角洲沉积,SQ6晚期为高位体系域具海侵夹层的潮坪相沉积。研究为鄂尔多斯盆地及其他盆地层序与岩相古地理演化提供理论依据。 相似文献
9.
本文根据岩芯、岩石薄片、钻井和地震等资料的研究成果,将川东北元坝地区飞仙关组划分为两个三级层序：SQ1相当于飞仙关组一段、二段,SQ2相当于飞仙关组三段、四段。SQ1、SQ2由海侵体系域和高位体系域构成,缺少低位体系域。SQ1—TST期,元坝地区主要位于浅水碳酸盐台地上,为开阔台地相沉积,靠近东部为陆棚斜坡相沉积,从西到东依次发育开阔台地-台地边缘-斜坡相沉积。SQ1层序沉积时期,全区呈现西薄东厚的楔形几何形体。SQ2层序沉积时期,由于SQ1期的填平补齐作用,致使研究区整体演变为浅水碳酸盐台地沉积,沉积格局差异不大,以海侵和高位体系域为特征,对应海侵期的开阔台地和高位期的蒸发台地沉积。 相似文献
10.
The beach‐bar reservoir play has become an important exploration target within the Bohai Bay Basin, especially in the Boxing Sag within the Dongying Depression, where a large‐scale lacustrine beach‐bar oil pool has been discovered recently. The sedimentary characteristics, distribution patterns and formation mechanisms of beach‐bar sand bodies in the upper fourth member of the Eocene Shahejie Formation (Es4s) in the Boxing Sag were studied in detail based on seismic, well log data and core data. The Es4s in the Boxing Sag is composed of a third‐order sequence consisting of three systems tracts, i.e. a lowstand systems tract, a transgressive systems tract and a highstand systems tract. Beach‐bar sand bodies were deposited widely in the basin during the lowstand systems tract period. The sandy beach‐bars are characterized by siltstones, fine‐grained silty sandstones interbedded with thin mudstone units. The presence of well‐developed sedimentary structures, such as swash bedding, parting lineation, parallel bedding, ellipsoidal mud clasts, ripples, terrestrial plant debris and vertical burrows, suggests that beach‐bars were deposited in a relatively shallow water environment under the influence of strong hydrodynamics. Laterally, the sandy beach facies occurred as a more continuous sheet‐like body around the sandy bar in most parts of the sag. Stratigraphically, beach‐bars were distributed mainly in the lowstand systems tract and they were less well‐developed in the transgressive systems tract and highstand systems tract. Several factors were probably responsible for the occurrence of the large‐scale beach‐bars during the lowstand systems tract period, including: (i) a gentle palaeoslope and relatively weak structural activities; (ii) a shallow‐water condition with a strong hydrodynamic environment; (iii) high‐frequency oscillations of the lake level; and (iv) an abundant terrigenous clastic feeding system with multiple‐point and linear sediment sources. 相似文献
11.
《Sedimentary Geology》2005,173(1-4):233-275
The lacustrine Ermenek Basin evolved as a SE-trending intramontane graben affected by strike–slip deformation, with the initial two lakes merging into one and receiving sediment mainly through fan deltas sourced from the basin's southern margin. The northern margin was a high-relief rocky coast with a wave-dominated shoreline. The Early Miocene lacustrine sedimentation was terminated by a late Burdigalian marine invasion that drowned the basin and its surroundings. The lacustrine basin-fill succession is up to 300 m thick and best exposed along the southern margin, where it consists of four sequences bounded by surfaces of forced regression. The offshore architecture of each sequence shows a thin lowstand tract of shoreface sandstones overlain by a thick transgressive systems tract of mudstones interbedded with sandy tempestites and delta-derived turbidites, which form a set of coarsening-upward parasequences representing minor normal regressions. The corresponding nearshore sequence architecture includes a thick lowstand tract of alluvial-fan deposits overlain by either a well-developed transgressive systems tract (backstepping parasequence set or single fan-deltaic parasequence) and poorly preserved highstand tract; or a thin transgressive tract (commonly limited to flooding surface) and a well-developed highstand tract (thick fan-deltaic parasequence). The sequences are poorly recognizable along the northern margin, where steep shoreline trajectory rendered the nearshore system little responsive to lake-level changes. The resolution of local stratigraphic record thus depends strongly upon coastal morphology and the character of the depositional systems involved.The sequential organization of the basin-fill succession reflects syndepositional tectonics and climate fluctuations, whereas the lateral variation in sequence architecture is due to the localized sediment supply (deltaic vs. nondeltaic shoreline), varied coastal topography and differential subsidence. The study points to important differences in the sequence stratigraphy of lacustrine and marine basins, related to the controlling factors. A crucial role in lacustrine basin is played by climate, which controls both the lake water volume and the catchment sediment yield. Consequently, the effects of tectonics and the dynamics of changes in accommodation and sediment supply in a lacustrine basin are different than in marine basins. 相似文献
12.
CHRISTIAN BETZLER JUAN C. BRAGA DAVID JARAMILLO‐VOGEL MIRIAM RÖMER CHRISTIAN HÜBSCHER GERHARD SCHMIEDL SEBASTIAN LINDHORST 《Sedimentology》2011,58(3):643-669
Post‐glacial, neritic cool‐water carbonates of the Western Mediterranean Sea were examined by means of hydroacoustic data, sediment surface sampling and vibrocoring to unravel geometries and to reconstruct sedimentary evolution in response to the last sea‐level rise. The analysed areas, located on the Alboran Ridge, in the Bay of Oran, and at the southern shelf of the island of Mallorca, are microtidal and bathed by oligotrophic to weakly mesotrophic waters. Seasonal water temperature varies between 13 °C and 27 °C. Echosounder profiles show that the Bay of Oran and the southern shelf of Mallorca are distally steepened ramps, while the Alboran Ridge forms a steep‐flanked rugged plateau around the Alboran Island. In the three areas, an up to 10 m thick post‐glacial sediment cover overlies an unconformity. In Oran and Mallorca, stacked lowstand wedges occur in water depths of 120 to 130 m. On the Alboran Ridge and in the Bay of Oran, highstand wedges occur at 35 to 40 m. Up to 5 m long cores of upper Pleistocene to Holocene successions were recovered in water depths between 40 and 81 m. Deposits contain more than 80% carbonate, with mixed carbonate‐volcaniclastics in the lower part of some cores in Alboran. The carbonates consist of up to 53% of aragonite and up to 83% of high magnesium calcite. Radiocarbon dating of bivalve shells, coralline algae and serpulid tubes indicates that deposits are as old as 12 400 cal yr bp . The carbonate factories in the three areas are dominated mostly by red algae, but some intervals in the cores are richer in bivalves. A facies rich in the gastropod Turritella, reflecting elevated surface productivity, is restricted to the Mallorca Shelf. Rhodoliths occur at the sediment surface in most areas at water depths shallower than 70 m; they form a 10 to 20 cm thick veneer overlying rhodolith‐poor bioclastic sediments which, nonetheless, contain abundant red algal debris. This rhodolith layer has been developing for the past 800 to 1000 years. Similar layers at different positions in the cores are interpreted as reflecting in situ growth of rhodoliths at times of reduced net sedimentation. Sedimentary successions in the cores record the post‐glacial sea‐level rise and the degree of sediment exposure to bottom currents. Deepening‐upward trends in the successions are either reflected by shallow to deep facies transitions or by a corresponding change of depth‐indicative red algae. There are only weak downcore variations of carbonate mineralogy, which indicate that no dissolution or high magnesium to low magnesium calcite neomorphism occurs in the shallow subsurface. These new data support the approach of using the Recent facies distribution for interpretation of past cool‐water, low‐energy, microtidal carbonate depositional systems. Hydroacoustic data show that previous Pleistocene transgressive and highstand inner ramp deposits and wedges were removed during sea‐level lowstands and accumulated downslope as stacked lowstand wedges; this suggests that, under conditions of high‐amplitude sea‐level fluctuations, the stratigraphic record of similar cool‐water carbonates may be biased. 相似文献
13.
莱州湾凹陷古近系沙河街组沙三中段发育典型的辫状河三角洲沉积体系。本文基于经典层序地层学理论,通过对莱州湾凹陷三维地震、主要钻井及取心、测井等资料综合分析,对莱州湾凹陷沙三中段层序地层特征及层序格架内沉积体系展布进行精细研究。将沙三中段整体划分为1个三级层序,并根据初次湖泛面、最大湖泛面及高水位体系域域内三角洲期次包络面的界定将沙三中段进一步划分为低水位体系域、湖侵体系域和高水位体系域3个体系域及6个四级层序。在层序格架内分析了研究区沙三中段沉积体系的展布特征及演化规律。沙三中段低水位体系域西部斜坡带发育扇三角洲沉积,北部陡坡带发育近岸水下扇沉积。湖侵体系域发育辫状河三角洲沉积,高水位体系域发育4期辫状河三角洲沉积、高水位体系域Ⅰ、Ⅱ期发育坡移浊积扇沉积。根据层序发育和油气成藏条件分析,认为沙三中段低水位体系域扇三角洲、湖侵体系域辫状河三角洲、高水位体系域坡I和II期的坡移扇沉积成藏条件最为有利,是下一步寻找岩性油气藏的优先目标。 相似文献
14.
松辽盆地白垩系非海相沉积层序模式 总被引：22，自引：4，他引：18
本文阐述了层序地层学在松辽盆地应用的主要依据,总结了白垩系层序地层的基本特征。归纳出层序边界的识别标志。在岩芯中层序边界附近见古土壤或根土层、河床滞留砾岩、水进滞留砾岩、水下滑塌、钙质结核及相突变现象,层序边界之上覆盖风暴岩、三角洲前缘席状流沉积、冲积扇、鲕粒灰岩、生物屑灰岩、物性良好的砂岩和火山岩。层序边界的测井响应特征为退积/前积渐变型、退积/加积突变型、加积/前积型、前积/前积型等。在地震剖面上,层序边界处见削截、上超、顶超等反射结构。根据地震、测井和岩芯资料的综合解释,重点论述了主要含油层系的体系域特征,由此提炼出松辽盆地白垩系层序地层理想模式。低水位体系域由滞后平衡表面之下的冲积扇、河口砂坝、“下切谷”充填物、滑塌、碎屑流沉积、浊积岩及三角洲前缘席状流沉积组成;水进体系域发育风暴岩、砂滩、砂坝、三角洲前缘席状砂、叠层石和碳酸盐浅滩;典型的密集段形成于海泛期,赋存于水进体系域顶部和高水位体系域底部;高水位体系域主要有三角洲、扇三角洲和曲流河体系组成。经对比,松辽盆地与海相基准面变化的二级旋回趋近,但三级旋回高于后者。 相似文献
15.
华北石炭-二叠纪层序地层格架及其特征 总被引：18，自引：3，他引：15
华北石炭二叠纪沉积建造由两部分组成,下部为碳酸盐岩与硅质碎屑岩构成的含煤建造,上部为硅质碎屑岩红色建造。根据不整合面及其它识别层序界面的标志,该沉积建造可划分为５个沉积层序。ＤＳ１、ＤＳ２、ＤＳ３层序属陆表海型层序,其底界面为Ⅰｅ型层序界面,层序内仅发育海侵体系域和高位体系域;ＤＳ４层序为过渡型层序,由低位体系域、海侵体系域和高位体系域构成;ＤＳ５层序为湖泊型层序,包括低水位体系域、水进体系域和高位体系域。盆地充填超层序（ＤＳ１-ＤＳ５）的发育受控于全球二级相对海平面变化,而沉积层序的发育则与区域性造山作用引起的三级海平面变化有关。 相似文献
16.
鄂尔多斯盆地东北缘晚古生代陆表海含煤岩系层序地层研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
通过区域不整合面、沉积体系转换面、构造应力场转换面和水上暴露面等层序界面的识别,对研究区进行层序地层划分,指出鄂尔多斯盆地东北缘晚古生代陆表海含煤岩系发育7个三级层序。在此基础上,认为陆表海层序仍然具有“三元”结构,由低位体系域、海侵体系域和高位体系域组成。在盆地北部发育的多期河道砂岩具有低位体系域的下切谷充填特点——面状充填,如晋祠砂岩、桥头砂岩以及北岔沟砂岩等。煤层在层序格架中的定位与海平面变化的转换时期有关,主要发育在陆表海环境的海侵体系域下部以及陆相环境的高位体系域上部。 相似文献
17.
18.
为了揭示鄂尔多斯盆地东缘层序地层与沉积相特征,以层序地层学和沉积学理论为指导,对鄂尔多斯盆地东缘保德扒楼沟剖面及周缘上古生界的层序与体系域界面类型、层序结构、沉积相类型及沉积演化进行研究。依据区域性不整合面、下切谷冲刷面、海侵方向转换面和区域性海退面等层序界面将研究区上古生界划分为7个三级层序,分别对应于本溪组、太原组2段、太原组1段、山西组、下石盒子组、上石盒子组和石千峰组。保德扒楼沟及周缘上古生界剖面发育16种岩石类型和8种岩石组合。区内上古生界发育障壁海岸相、碳酸盐岩台地相、辫状河相和曲流河相。SQ1-SQ3中低位体系域发育风化壳和潮道亚相,海侵体系域发育潮坪亚相和潟湖亚相,高位体系域发育碳酸盐岩台地相、潟湖亚相和潮坪亚相;SQ4-SQ7中低位体系域发育辫状河河床亚相,海侵体系域主要发育曲流河泛滥平原亚相,高位体系域主要发育多期曲流河河床亚相—堤岸亚相—泛滥平原亚相的演化序列。区内上古生界经历了由障壁海岸相和碳酸盐岩台地相向河流相的演化过程,沉积演化主要受物源供给、海平面变化和构造活动的控制。 相似文献
19.
河流相层序地层模式与地层等时对比 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
已有的河流层序地层模式在层序发育的控制因素、体系域的划分等方面存在一定的问题。通过对苏里格气田盒8段河流相准层序对比,发现河谷中存在阶梯状河流阶地。现代河谷地貌的研究表明,这种阶地是构造抬升过程中,次级间歇性构造抬升导致河流下蚀与侧蚀—沉积交替的结果。而构造下降过程所引起的基准面上升和可容空间增速的变化又影响了河道砂体的展布特征。考虑构造运动在河流层序形成过程中的作用以及河流阶地与相邻地层之间的接触关系,修正了Wright等河流相层序地层模式,认为构造运动控制了河流层序的发育,构造上升半旋回形成水退体系域,为一系列相对等时的阶地,构造下降半旋回形成低位体系域、水进体系域和高位体系域,低位体系域为构造抬升早期形成的河谷充填物,水进体系域和高位体系域与Wright等的含义一致。 相似文献
20.
The Carnian Raibl group of the Eastern Alps consists of three 50–100 m thick, alternating carbonate and clastic third-order cycles, each of which can be traced for hundreds of kilometers. Tectono-eustatic sea-level fluctuations of a few tens of metres, spanning a few millions of years, are the driving mechanism of this cyclicity. The carbonate intervals represent restricted marginal marine, tidal and evaporitic environments. The clastic intervals represent inner and outer shelf facies, and are related to the fluviatile “Schilfsandstein” of the Germanic facies belt. In the Raibl group, contrary to other carbonate/clastic depositional settings, relative sea-level lowstands are dominated by carbonate production, and highstands are dominated by clastic deposition.
Each of the three Raibl cycles corresponds to a type-2 sequence, containing shelf margin, transgressive and highstand systems tracts. During sea-level lowstands, deltaic point sources were near the shelf margin, allowing clastics to bypass the carbonate platform. This setting corresponds to a shelf margin systems tract. Transgressive and highstand systems tracts developed during the subsequent sea-level rise, as deltaic clastics were reworked and redistributed over the carbonate platform, and the deltas retrograded to the inner shelf. The highstand systems tracts are capped by a type 2 sequence boundary, which is conformable in the study area. The systems tracts can be further subdivided into shallowing upward subcycles, caused by fourth-order sea-level fluctuations, believed to represent Milankovitch rhythms.
The middle Raibl cycle is consistently thinner, and may represent a shorter termed, third-order sea-level fluctuation. Our data also corroborate a second-order transgressive trend for the Carnian. 相似文献