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1.
粉煤灰具有一定的吸水能力,且含多种营养元素,对土壤有很好的改良效果;伊利石也具有吸水性,且含钾量高。采用溶液聚合法首次合成的粉煤灰-伊利石/丙烯酸-丙烯酰胺高吸水复合材料,其吸蒸馏水、自来水、生理盐水倍率分别为1 782,450,117,而国家“863计划”关于高吸水材料的技术指标分别为300,150,50;同时对复合材料的保水性、热稳定性、耐寒性及其二次吸液性能进行测试,结果表明:复合材料具有优越的保水性,25℃条件下干燥8 d,吸水凝胶还可以保持50%的吸水量;在0～120℃范围性能稳定;具有较高的二次吸液能力,可以多次使用。 相似文献
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解钾细菌对西北干旱地区不同硅酸盐矿物的解钾效应研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
为了开发西北干旱地区土壤潜在肥力并提高土壤水分利用效率,笔者以解钾细菌为供试菌种,西北干旱地区代表性土壤矿物钾长石和伊利石为供试基质,采用实验室培养的方式,研究不同水分和接菌浓度条件下解钾细菌对土壤矿物的解钾效应,并通过傅里叶变换红外光谱、透射电镜和能谱分析技术探究解钾细菌对矿物形貌和结构成分的影响。结果表明,解钾细菌对钾长石和伊利石均有显著的解钾效应,该作用受水分、接菌浓度因素影响显著。钾长石最佳接菌量15%、最佳含水量70%;伊利石最佳接菌量20%、最佳含水量70%。钾长石受解钾细菌作用发生溶蚀,K含量降低,Si/Al降低,说明解钾细菌不但可以释放钾长石中的钾元素,还可溶出Si元素并用以自身的生长需求。伊利石受解钾细菌作用层间电荷降低,铝氧八面体中2价阳离子释放,层间电荷降低,造成层间K+离子和吸附水的释放。伊利石傅里叶变换红外光谱曲线显示K元素的释放与层间水分子的释放有关。因此,进一步研究解钾细菌作用下的土壤粘土矿物Si、Fe等元素的迁移,以及层间K元素与层间水分子的相互作用具有重要的生态意义。 相似文献
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油气储层自生伊利石分离提纯及其K-Ar 同位素测年技术研究 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
油气注入史研究对于指导油气勘探具有非常重要的意义.油气储层自生伊利石K-Ar同位素测年可以为油气注入时间研究提供科学依据.文中对油气储层自生伊利石分离提纯及其K-Ar同位素测年技术进行了系统介绍.碎屑含钾矿物杂质对自生伊利石K-Ar同位素年龄具有非常大的影响,文中对此进行了深入研究,建立了一套完整的数据处理技术并提出了"校正年龄"概念. 相似文献
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硅酸盐细菌GY92对伊利石的释钾作用 总被引：26，自引：2，他引：24
1992年在贵阳郊区玉米地中分离出一株硅酸盐细菌GY92,为探求GY92对伊利石的释钾作用,对采用的有关材料和方法、相关实验所获的GY92个体形态及培养特征、部分生理生化特征及其对伊利石的释钾作用等结果作了较详细的介绍,同时就GY92对伊利石的释钾机理等问题进行了简单讨论。 相似文献
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磷矿粉复合保水材料的制备及性能研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
研究以过硫酸钾为引发剂,N,N-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺为交联剂,丙烯酸、丙烯酰胺为主要原料,经部分酸化和无机材料改性处理的活化磷矿粉为主要添加原料,采用水溶液聚合法制备活化磷矿粉/PAA-AM复合保水材料。进而探讨活化磷矿粉添加量、中和度、交联剂和引发剂用量对复合保水剂吸液性能的影响。当中和度为70%、活化磷矿粉、交联剂、引发剂添加量分别为单体的45%,0.04%,0.5%时,所得复合保水材料吸蒸馏水、自来水、生理盐水倍率分别为390倍,200倍,62倍。通过释磷性能研究表明该复合材料具有较好的可持续供磷性能、有利于改良土壤、改善土壤的缺磷状况。同时,还通过谱学分析(XRD和F-IR),探讨该复合材料的释磷机理。 相似文献
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硅酸盐细菌解钾作用机理的综合效应 总被引：44，自引：5，他引：44
硅酸盐细菌能释放土壤含钾硅酸盐矿物中的磷、钾、硅等元素，直接供给植物生长利用，同时亦具有固氮能力。这为挖掘土壤潜在肥力、发展可持续农业提供了一条新的思路。本文分析了硅酸盐细菌对钾长石、伊利石的解钾作用过程，细菌-矿物复合体的形成，细菌对矿物的溶蚀作用，矿物晶体结构与细菌的解钾作用关系，复合体微环境的变化对细菌解钾作用的影响以及细菌对K^ 的主动吸收等，从微生物矿物学的角度讨论了硅酸盐细菌对含钾硅酸盐矿物解钾作用的机理问题，提出了硅酸盐细菌解钾作用综合效应的看法，并就农业生产上的利用问题指出，应根据当地的土壤环境，选择适宜的生产菌种和吸附剂，并配合使用其它化学肥料和有机肥料。 相似文献
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粉煤灰土壤主所产蔬菜的有害元素含量变化的环境意义 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用南京第二热电厂湿排的粉煤灰,进行了改良蔬菜土壤的试验,并对试验用的粉煤灰,不同施灰量的土壤及所产蔬菜的３８个样品的有害元素和放射性元素含量进行了系统的测定。结果表明：这些元素在土壤中的含量与粉煤灰施用量无明显相关性;在本次试验范围内施用粉煤灰没有造成土壤的污染,其所产蔬菜的这些元素含量也均低于国家卫生标准限值,食用是安全的。 相似文献
9.
粘土矿物的掺杂对沉积物吸持Cu、Zn能力的影响 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
通过考察粘土矿物及掺杂粘土矿物前后沉积物的吸附/解吸特性,分析了伊利石与蒙脱石对重金属污染沉积物中Cu与Zn稳定固定化的可行性。结果表明：伊利石与蒙脱石的掺杂均降低了沉积物吸持Cu的能力（最大下降量分别为5.4%和3.8%）,伊利石的掺杂同样降低了沉积物吸持Zn的能力（最大下降量为4.4%）,但蒙脱石掺杂后沉积物吸持Zn的能力明显增强,最高增加5.7%。因此,蒙脱石具有固定污染沉积物中Zn的能力,但不能提高污染沉积物中Cu的稳定性。 相似文献
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云母类矿物的活化释钾性能 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4
通过对３个典型二八面体型的云母类矿物,即白云母,绢云母和伊利石的活化释钾试验,发现云母类矿物热自理产物酸化后钾能大量释放;探讨了云母类矿物的活化释钾性能。虽然白云母释钾的活化条件相对较高压有利于晶包有机质释放但其释钾量明显大于绢云母和伊利石。 相似文献
11.
Emily Keeble David I. Whiteside Michael J. Benton 《Proceedings of the Geologists' Association. Geologists' Association》2018,129(2):99-119
Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco. 相似文献
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Gilles Serge Odin 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2002,334(6):409-414
Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414. 相似文献
13.
The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H2O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H2O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species. 相似文献
14.
Muriel Rocher Stéphane Baize Stéphane Jaillet Edward Marc Cushing Yannick Lozac&#x;h Francis Lemeille 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2003,335(8):701-708
Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ1 roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003). 相似文献
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正20141756 Chen Ruige(Mathematical College,China University of Geosciences,Beijing100083,China);Zhou Xun Numerical Simulation of Groundwater Level Fluctuation in a Coastal Confined Aquifer with Sloping Initial Groundwater Level Induced by the Tide(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(7),2013,p.1099-1104,6 illus.,16 refs.) Key words:confined water,groundwater level 相似文献
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正20141408 Cai Jia(Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing100037,China);Liu Fulai Petrogenesis and Metamorphic P-T Conditions of Garnet-Spinel-Biotitebearing Paragneiss in Danangou Area,Daqingshan-Wulashan Metamorphic Complex Belt(Acta Petrologica Sinica,ISSN1000-0569,CN11-1922/P,29(7), 相似文献
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正20142386An Guoying(China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Land and Resources,Beijing 100083,China)Application of Satellite Remote Sensing in Regional Hydrogeological Investigation:Taking Cenozoic Strata in Wenquan Sheet(1∶250 000)of Karakoram Range as an Example(Geosci- 相似文献
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正20141016An Chengbang(Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems,Ministry of Education,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China);Zhao Yongtao Lake Records during the Last Glacial Maximum from Xinjiang,NW China and Their Climatic Impli- 相似文献
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正20141538 Cao Qing(School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Xi’an Petroleum University,Xi’an 710065,China);Zhao Jingzhou Characteristics and Significance of Fluid Inclusions from Majiagou Formation,Yichuan Huangling Area,Ordos Basin(Advances in Earth Science,ISSN1001-8166,CN62-1091/P,28(7),2013,p.819-828,7 illus.,3 tables,43 refs.) 相似文献