共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 31 毫秒
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Three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction and texture mapping of buildings or other man-made objects are key aspects for 3D city landscapes. An effective coarse-to-fine approach for 3D building model generation and texture mapping based on digital photogrammetric techniques is proposed. Three video image sequences, two oblique views of building walls and one vertical view of building roofs, acquired by a digital video camera mounted on a helicopter, are used as input images. Lidar data and a coarse two-dimensional (2D) digital vector map used for car navigation are also used as information sources. Automatic aerial triangulation (AAT) suitable for a high overlap image sequence is used to give initial values of camera parameters of each image. To obtain accurate image lines, the correspondence between outlines of the building and their line features in the image sequences is determined with a coarse-to-fine strategy. A hybrid point/line bundle adjustment is used to ensure the stability and accuracy of reconstruction. Reconstructed buildings with fine textures superimposed on a digital elevation model (DEM) and ortho-image are realistically visualised. Experimental results show that the proposed approach of 3D city model generation has a promising future in many applications. 相似文献
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以激光点云数据和倾斜多视影像为研究对象，提出了一种结合机载点云、地面点云及倾斜多视纹理的融合多源特征的建筑物三维模型重建方法。该方法结合点云面元以及影像边界特征，利用倾斜影像的线特征对顶面及立面模型进行边界规则约束，实现了面元自动拓扑重建；通过交互编辑完成不同复杂程度的建筑模型重建，并对模型进行纹理映射。实验结果表明，该方法能够有效提升城市建筑物三维模型重建的效率和边界精度，为利用多源数据的空地联合建筑物三维精细重建提供了一套切实可行的解决方案。 相似文献
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Lukas Zebedin Andreas Klaus Barbara Gruber-Geymayer Konrad Karner 《ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing》2006,60(6):413
This paper describes the fusion of information extracted from multispectral digital aerial images for highly automatic 3D map generation. The proposed approach integrates spectral classification and 3D reconstruction techniques. The multispectral digital aerial images consist of a high resolution panchromatic channel as well as lower resolution RGB and near infrared (NIR) channels and form the basis for information extraction.Our land use classification is a 2-step approach that uses RGB and NIR images for an initial classification and the panchromatic images as well as a digital surface model (DSM) for a refined classification. The DSM is generated from the high resolution panchromatic images of a specific photo mission. Based on the aerial triangulation using area and feature-based points of interest the algorithms are able to generate a dense DSM by a dense image matching procedure. Afterwards a true ortho image for classification, panchromatic or color input images can be computed.In a last step specific layers for buildings and vegetation are generated and the classification is updated. 相似文献
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利用机载LiDAR点云数据进行建筑物重建是当今摄影测量与遥感领域的一个热点问题,特别是复杂形状建筑物模型的精确自动构建一直是一个难题。本文提出一种基于关键点检测的复杂建筑物模型自动重建方法,采用RANSAC法与距离法相结合的分割方法自动提取建筑物屋顶各个平面的点云,并利用Alpha Shape算法提取出各个平面的精确轮廓,根据屋顶平面之间的空间拓扑关系分析建筑物的公共交线特征,在此特征约束下对提取的初始关键点进行修正,最终重建出精确的建筑物3维模型。选取不同类型复杂建筑物与包含复杂建筑物的城市区域点云进行实验,结果表明该算法具有较强实用价值。 相似文献
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城区机载LiDAR数据与航空影像的自动配准 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
为解决机载LiDAR数据与航空影像集成应用中二者的配准问题,提出了一种机载LiDAR数据与航空影像配准的方法。首先,直接在LiDAR点云中提取建筑物3维轮廓线,通过将轮廓线规则化得到由两条相互垂直的直线段组成的建筑物角特征,并在航空影像上提取直线特征;然后,根据影像初始外方位元素将建筑物角特征投影到航空影像上,并采用一定的相似性测度在影像上寻找同名的影像角特征;最后,将角特征的角点当作控制点,利用传统的摄影测量光束法区域网平差解求影像新的外方位元素。解算过程中采用循环迭代策略。本方法的主要特点是,直接从LiDAR点云中提取线特征,避免了常规方法从距离图(或强度图)中提取线特征所产生的内插误差。通过与现有基于点云强度图的配准方法的对比实验表明,在低精度初始外方位元素的辅助下,本文方法能够达到较高的配准精度。 相似文献
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Thiele A. Cadario E. Schulz K. Soergel U. 《Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters, IEEE》2010,7(1):83-87
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Serkan Ural Ejaz Hussain Jie Shan 《International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation》2011
Geospatial distribution of population at a scale of individual buildings is needed for analysis of people's interaction with their local socio-economic and physical environments. High resolution aerial images are capable of capturing urban complexities and considered as a potential source for mapping urban features at this fine scale. This paper studies population mapping for individual buildings by using aerial imagery and other geographic data. Building footprints and heights are first determined from aerial images, digital terrain and surface models. City zoning maps allow the classification of the buildings as residential and non-residential. The use of additional ancillary geographic data further filters residential utility buildings out of the residential area and identifies houses and apartments. In the final step, census block population, which is publicly available from the U.S. Census, is disaggregated and mapped to individual residential buildings. This paper proposes a modified building population mapping model that takes into account the effects of different types of residential buildings. Detailed steps are described that lead to the identification of residential buildings from imagery and other GIS data layers. Estimated building populations are evaluated per census block with reference to the known census records. This paper presents and evaluates the results of building population mapping in areas of West Lafayette, Lafayette, and Wea Township, all in the state of Indiana, USA. 相似文献
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多重约束下的建筑物阴影提取 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
在基于结构线一侧灰度统计法进行阴影检测的基础上,结合了灰度约束、几何约束、上下文约束和其他辅助信息,提出了一种多重约束下的建筑物阴影提取方法,实现了对建筑物阴影的提取,并利用IKONOS影像和航空像片进行了试验,证明该算法是有效而稳健的。 相似文献
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Automatic Registration Between Low-Altitude LiDAR Point Clouds and Aerial Images Using Road Features
Peipei He Xinjing Wang Youchuan Wan Jingzhong Xu Wei Yang 《Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing》2018,46(12):1963-1973
Among the many means of acquiring surface information, low-altitude light detection and ranging (LiDAR) systems (e.g., unmanned aerial vehicle LiDAR, UAV-LiDAR) have become an important approach to accessing geospatial information. Considering the lower level of hardware technology in low-altitude LiDAR systems compared to that in airborne LiDAR, and the greater flexibility in-flight, registration procedures must be first performed to facilitate the fusion of laser point data and aerial images. The corner points and edges of buildings are frequently used for the automatic registration of aerial imagery with LiDAR data. Although aerial images and LiDAR data provide powerful support for building detection, adaptive edge detection for all types of building shapes is difficult. To deal with the weakness of building edge detection and reduce matching-related computation, the study presents a novel automatic registration method for aerial images, with LiDAR data, on the basis of main-road information in urban areas. Firstly, vector road centerlines are extracted from raw LiDAR data and then projected onto related aerial images with the use of coarse exterior orientation parameters (EOPs). Secondly, the corresponding image road features of each LiDAR vector road are determined using an improved total rectangle-matching approach. Finally, the endpoints of the conjugate road features obtained from the LiDAR data and aerial images are used as ground control points in space resection adjustment to refine the EOPs; an iterative strategy is used to obtain optimal matching results. Experimental results using road features verify the feasibility, robustness and accuracy of the proposed approach. 相似文献
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针对航空影像中目标提取的困难，提出了一种基于可变模板的航空影像中建筑物提取方法，并针对几种比较典型的建筑物，详细讨论了模板的设计、目标初始参数的获取及模板最优参数求解等几个关键性的问题。采用这种方法进行航空影像中目标的提取时，可以将影像中的多种信息和人的识别能力进行有效的融合，因而能够达到可靠地提取影像中目标的目的。作为一种有效的优化求解方法，模拟退火被用于目标提取的优化过程。为了验证这种方法提取航空影像中目标的能力，给出了利用可变模板提取航空影像中几种不同类型的建筑物的例子 相似文献
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Urban area building extraction is one of the most challenging problems in photogrammetry. Well-extracted buildings are needed for a variety of applications, such as cartography, building GIS databases for cities, and urban planning. This paper presents a new technique to extract 3D building wire-frames using a robust multi-image line-matching algorithm. Although one pair of images is adequate to find the 3D position of two visibly corresponding image features, it is not sufficient to solve the general building extraction problem due to obscured parts in the building. Four images are used in this research to extract the building wire-frames. First the images are segmented into regions. Regions are then classified into roof regions and non-roof regions based on their size, shape, and intensity values. The roof region boundary pixels are located and used to find the region perimeters. Region correspondence is solved in a pair-wise mode over all images using the epipolar constraint, region size, region shape, and region intensity values. Image lines within the corresponding regions are matched over all images simultaneously by first creating a plane for each region line. Planes are then intersected simultaneously and geometric consistency is used to determine acceptance or rejection. Results with high overlap and sidelap aerial images are presented and evaluated. The results show the completeness and accuracy that this method can provide for extracting complex urban buildings. The average coordinate accuracy is about 0·8 m using 1:4000 scale aerial photographs scanned at 30 μ m. Six buildings were examined; the line detection rate is 98%. 相似文献
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针对图像密集匹配生产的数字表面模型(DSM)进行点云滤波,算法对地形依赖大,参数设置复杂,精度不高,后续人工编辑修饰的工作量大、效率低的问题,该文设计了第一套针对DSM滤波、涵盖多种样本形式(栅格、矢量)的航空图像建筑物数据集。针对航空图像建筑物尺度较大等特点,将膨胀卷积加入U-Net构成Dilated U-Net,并综合运用其进行建筑物语义分割,利用分割结果在相应图像密集匹配得到的DSM上滤除建筑物点,然后采用投票插值策略得到过滤掉建筑物点的DSM。实验证明:利用该文网络DU-Net将DSM中非地面建筑物点滤除,Ⅰ类误差在5.8%以内,Ⅱ类误差在2.4%以内,其可以在30 s内完成超过9000万个建筑点与非建筑物点位置的预测,效率高、成本低。DU-Net网络建筑物语义分割过程不受地形、高差的限制,对于其他非地面点的滤波具有一定的借鉴意义。 相似文献
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Yixiang Tian Markus Gerke George Vosselman Qing Zhu 《ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing》2010,65(4):395-408
The paper presents an automatic method for the reconstruction of building models from video image sequences. These videos may be recorded using a hand-held camera or a camera mounted on a moving car. Such terrestrial video sequences are economic and flexible. Presenting buildings as geometric models–rather than for instance a representation from a simple meshing of 3D points–enables one to perform a wide range of analyses. However, sparse 3D points and 3D edges do not contain topological relations. Therefore, integrating building structure knowledge into the reconstruction steps plays an important role in our method. First, some rules are applied to reasonably group the extracted features. Then, a suitable outline and normal direction are specified for each surface patch. Based on these surface patches, a hybrid model- and data-driven method is used to recover a building model from both the extracted surface patches and hypothesized parts. Using the building structure knowledge leads to a simple and fast reconstruction method, and also enables one to obtain the main structures of buildings. The results show that this method correctly sets up topological relationships between generated surface patches and also obtains reasonable structure models in occluded areas. Therefore, the reconstructed models satisfy requirements for both visualization and analysis. 相似文献
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基于多源数据的拼接型房屋三维重建方法研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
提出了结合房屋矢量数据、航空影像和点云数据的拼接型房屋(由平顶房、人字型和四坡型房屋组成)自动三维重建算法。算法重点研究了基于点云数据和影像特征提取的拼接型房屋屋脊线检测,并利用其对拼接型房屋组成的模型进行拆分;对于人字型和四坡型房屋组成模型,结合矢量数据和屋脊线,利用几何约束条件自动寻找房屋组成模型的屋檐线,从而获得拼接型房屋组成模型的完整分割;最后通过点云数据的屋顶平面解算其组成房屋模型的参数,最终实现整个拼接型房屋的三维重建。实验数据证明,该方法能较好地实现拼接型房屋的几何模型自动重建。 相似文献
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融合多特征改进型PSPNet模型应用于复杂场景下的建筑物提取 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
针对复杂场景下高分辨率遥感影像中建筑物提取精度低的问题,本文提出了一种融合多特征改进型PSPNet模型,在PSPNet网络的基础上,加入膨胀卷积模块并融合图像的浅层特征。试验结果表明,融合多特征改进型PSPNet模型的预测结果总体精度为95.90%,建筑物提取精度平均为77.77%,均高于其他模型。其在不同场景上的表现有所差异：复杂场景1的预测精度为80.35%;以城中村建筑物为主的场景2的预测精度为75%;以高层建筑物为主的场景3的预测精度为78.11%。因此本模型可有效地提升高分辨率遥感影像中复杂场景下的建筑物提取精度。 相似文献
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古建筑保护是当下测绘领域的热点研究课题，非接触测量是克服传统方法数字化不足、容易造成"二次破坏"的有力举措。本文以哈尔滨红霞街99号外侨私邸为例，提出了一种将三维激光扫描技术和无人机航测技术相结合进行古建筑重建的研究方案。基于三维激光扫描仪和无人机获取的古建筑内外点云数据和影像数据，利用点云数据生成正射影像并绘制平、立、剖面图，创建三维模型，最后以实地量取的建筑物尺寸数据为参考分析得出图纸和模型误差。结果表明：利用三维激光点云联合无人机影像能够高效地进行建筑图纸恢复，创建高精度精细化的三维模型，为古建筑保护提供了一种全新的思路。 相似文献
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面向对象的形态学建筑物指数及其高分辨率遥感影像建筑物提取应用 总被引：3，自引：3，他引：0
高分辨率遥感影像建筑物提取是摄影测量与遥感领域的一个热门研究主题。本文综合利用影像分割、基于图的数学形态学top-hat重建技术,提出了面向对象的形态学建筑物指数OBMBI,并将其应用于高分辨率遥感影像建筑物提取。首先,建立像素-对象-图节点的双向映射关系;然后,基于图的白top-hat重建和上述映射关系来构建OBMBI图像;接着,对该OBMBI图像二值化、矢量化以获取建筑物多边形;最后,对结果进行后处理优化。使用一景航空、一景卫星全色影像对本文方法和PanTex方法进行性能测试。试验表明,本文方法的建筑物提取精度显著的优于PanTex方法。其中,本文方法平均比PanTex方法的正确率高9.49%、完整率高11.26%、质量高14.11%。 相似文献