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在分析GAMIT水汽解算方案特点的基础上,利用云南6站地基GPS水汽探测资料,进行了不同解算方案计算结果的分析,并与GPS探空资料的PWV值进行比较,结果显示:不同解算方案对云南地基GPS水汽反演结果有显著的影响;在进行本地化后,GAMIT软件包对云南GPS水汽反演的精度有显著提高;不同季节的云南地基GPS反演水汽值与高精度探空水汽值的数值和变化趋势极为一致,二者的均方根差小于2 mm,说明该解算方案的地基GPS水汽反演结果可用. 相似文献
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该文对北京地区单双频地基GPS大气水汽监测网布网依据、单频与双频地基GPS测量数据解算技术应用、GAMIT和Bernese地基GPS数据分析处理软件应用、远程遥控GPS数据采集与通讯系统、资料分析与数值同化应用等方面的工作进展进行简要介绍,重点讨论了单双频地基GPS大气水汽资料的解算技术及其应用效果。结果表明:在北京天气敏感区通过单双频地基GPS接收机合理组网布局,可构建并利用高分辨率电离层延迟订正技术将单频接收机的大气水汽监测精度提高到实用水平,为强降水天气预报提供有价值的产品。 相似文献
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〖HT5K〗本研究建立了川渝地区地基GPS(global positioning system,全球定位系统)遥感水汽的本地化计算模型,开发出GPS遥感水汽的计算软件包,开展了局域地基GPS观测网遥感大气水汽的试验及业务应用,反演出30 min间隔的高时间分辨率GPS可降水量序列。评估了反演精度,研究了GPS水汽产品在气象业务应用的可行性。研发了可搭建在MICAPS (meteorological information comprehensive analysis and process system)平台上的地基GPS水汽监测业务化应用系统,实现了局域地基GPS观测网数据的实时传输、数据解算、可降水量反演和GPS水汽产品的可视化,并在气象业务部门试运行,在强降水、暴雪等灾害性天气预报中发挥了独特作用。 相似文献
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地基GPS水汽监测技术及气象业务化应用系统的研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
李国平 《南京气象学院学报》2011,34(4):385-392
本研究建立了川渝地区地基GPS（global positioning system,全球定位系统）遥感水汽的本地化计算模型,开发出GPS遥感水汽的计算软件包,开展了局域地基GPS观测网遥感大气水汽的试验及业务应用,反演出30 min间隔的高时间分辨率GPS可降水量序列。评估了反演精度,研究了GPS水汽产品在气象业务应用的可行性。研发了可搭建在MICAPS（meteorological information comprehensive analysis and process system）平台上的地基GPS水汽监测业务化应用系统,实现了局域地基GPS观测网数据的实时传输、数据解算、可降水量反演和GPS水汽产品的可视化,并在气象业务部门试运行,在强降水、暴雪等灾害性天气预报中发挥了独特作用。本项目组系统性研究了GPS可降水量的时间变化、水平分布,分析了GPS可降水量与气温、气压、比湿、辐射和降雨量等地面气象要素以及与局地环流、水汽输送和循环等大气过程及地形的对应关系。研究了GPS水汽产品在几类典型灾害性天气（西南暴雨、持续性降水、冰冻雨雪、大雾）以及人工增雨中的演变特征,揭示了GPS探测水汽技术及其产品在天气预报业务中的应用方法。进行了GPS可降水量的日循环合成分析,GPS可降水量在华北暴雨、西南暴雨、华西秋雨、四川盆地夜雨等方面的应用研究,以及不同云系降雨过程、不同类型降雨过程中GPS可降水量的对比分析。例如,对不同类型降雨过程中GPS-PWV（precipitable water vapor by GPS,GPS可降水量）的比较表明,在夏季暴雨发生前5～10h,GPS-PWV的激增可很好地预示其后的强降雨天气;而对于类似秋绵雨的一般性持续降雨来说,GPS-PWV的连续大幅递增或递减并超过平均值可作为降雨开始或结束的预报依据;对于不同类型降雨天气过程GPS-PWV具有不同的日变化特点,它能及时反映水汽的局地变化特征,作为水汽异常输送中的强信号,GPS-PWV在降雨天气分析及预报中具有重要的指示意义。 相似文献
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获取高精度的GPS信号斜路径方向的水汽含量（SWV）数据,是获得测站周围水汽三维空间分布信息（水汽层析）的基础。目前计算SWV的方法有多种,但都不同程度地存在解算实时性差、解算精度不高、转换方程复杂不利于系统维护等缺点。本文计算SWV方法综合Bernese 5.0软件的双差处理流程和非差处理流程,分别获得相关站点的湿延迟梯度值和非差残差值,能近实时、高精度地反演SWV。使用该方法重新处理2007年微波辐射计和GPS对比观测试验数据,均方根误差小于4 mm。证明应用该方法,地基GPS可较精确地反演三维水汽信息。 相似文献
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对准实时地基GPS可降水量的解算方案与可靠性的探讨,围绕三个方面展开:准实时GPS对流层延迟解算的最佳方案的确定;GPS可降水量与无线电探空资料的比较;GPS可降水量与水汽辐射计数据的比较。为了实时应用于气象领域,准实时对流层延迟的最佳方案为快速预报星历松弛解。在快速预报星历松弛解GPS可降水量与无线电探空数据的比较中,两者的相关性为0.88,绝对值均值为5.4 mm。GPS可降水量与水汽辐射计资料比较得到两者差值的均方根为1.68 mm。最后得到了最佳的准实时地基GPS可降水量的解算方案和在气象领域可降水量的反演的可行性的结论。 相似文献
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利用内蒙古中部地区地基GPS/MET水汽监测网（三部双频GPS/MET)资料，用水汽解算原理和GAMIT数据解算程序，分析研究内蒙古中部地区大气水汽含量，结合气象探空和双通道微波辐射计资料进行对比分析。 相似文献
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Fei LIU Chen XING Jinbao LI Bin WANG Jing CHAI Chaochao GAO Gang HUANG Jian LIU Deliang CHEN 《大气科学进展》2020,37(7):663-670
正The Taal Volcano in Luzon is one of the most active and dangerous volcanoes of the Philippines. A recent eruption occurred on 12 January 2020(Fig. 1a), and this volcano is still active with the occurrence of volcanic earthquakes. The eruption has become a deep concern worldwide, not only for its damage on local society, but also for potential hazardous consequences on the Earth's climate and environment. 相似文献
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Analysis of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Height Characteristics over the Arctic Ocean Using the Aircraft and GPS Soundings 
下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 正ERRATUM to: Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters, 4(2011), 124-130 On page 126 of the printed edition (Issue 2, Volume 4), Fig. 2 was a wrong figure because the contact author made mistake giving the wrong one. The corrected edition has been updated on our website. The editorial office is sincerely sorry for any 相似文献
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《大气科学进展》2014,(6)
正AN Junling;see LI Ying et al.;(5),1221—1232AN Junling;see QU Yu et al.;(4),787-800AN Junling;see WANG Feng et al.;(6),1331-1342Ania POLOMSKA-HARLICK;see Jieshun ZHU et al.;(4),743-754Baek-Min KIM;see Seong-Joong KIM et al.;(4),863-878BAI Tao;see LI Gang et al.;(1),66-84BAO Qing;see YANG Jing et al.;(5),1147—1156BEI Naifang; 相似文献
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《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》2014,(6)
正Journal of Meteorological Research is an international academic journal in atmospheric sciences edited and published by Acta Meteorologica Sinica Press,sponsored by the Chinese Meteorological Society.It has been acting as a bridge of academic exchange between Chinese and foreign meteorologists and aiming at introduction of the current advancements in atmospheric sciences in China.The journal columns include Articles.Note and Correspondence,and research letters.Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献
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自地球形成至寒武纪将近40亿年（距今46亿～5.4亿年,通常称为前寒武纪）的气候演变是一个具有特殊难度和挑战性的研究领域,同时也是基础和前沿的研究领域。文章选择了前寒武纪气候演化中的三个重要科学问题进行综述：大气演化、两次全球性的冰川期以及暗弱太阳问题。关于大气演化,本文首先描述了大气成分的演化历史,然后简述了影响大气成分演化的三个基本过程：大气逃逸、两次大气氧含量突然增加、碳酸盐-硅酸盐循环及其对气候系统的负反馈作用。两次全球性的冰川期分别发生在古元古代（距今24亿～21亿年）和新元古代（距今8亿～5.8亿年）,文章简述了其成因以及相关的气候模拟结果。暗弱太阳问题是地球历史气候演化的一个经典问题,论文简要地综述了一些最新的研究成果和观点。 相似文献
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淮河流域水文极值预测模型研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为探索气候变化影响下水文极值的非平稳性和预测方法,建立了水文极值非平稳广义极值（GEV）分布的统计预测模型。利用1952-2010年淮河上游流域累计面雨量和流量年最大值资料、同期500 hPa环流特征量资料以及17个CMIP5模式对环流特征量的模拟结果,筛选出对水文极值影响显著的年平均北半球极涡强度指数作为GEV分布参数的预测因子。分析了在RCP2.6、RCP4.5和RCP8.5情景下2006-2050年淮河上游流域水文极值对气候变化的响应。结果表明,10年以下与10年以上重现期的水文极值在非平稳过程中呈现前者下降而后者上升的相反变化趋势;多模型预测的集合平均在未来情景中均呈现上升趋势,情景排放量越大增幅越大,重现期越长增幅也越大。与极值的常态相比,极值的极端态更易受气候变化影响。 相似文献
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The spatial and temporal variations of daily maximum temperature(Tmax), daily minimum temperature(Tmin), daily maximum precipitation(Pmax) and daily maximum wind speed(WSmax) were examined in China using Mann-Kendall test and linear regression method. The results indicated that for China as a whole, Tmax, Tmin and Pmax had significant increasing trends at rates of 0.15℃ per decade, 0.45℃ per decade and 0.58 mm per decade,respectively, while WSmax had decreased significantly at 1.18 m·s~(-1) per decade during 1959—2014. In all regions of China, Tmin increased and WSmax decreased significantly. Spatially, Tmax increased significantly at most of the stations in South China(SC), northwestern North China(NC), northeastern Northeast China(NEC), eastern Northwest China(NWC) and eastern Southwest China(SWC), and the increasing trends were significant in NC, SC, NWC and SWC on the regional average. Tmin increased significantly at most of the stations in China, with notable increase in NEC, northern and southeastern NC and northwestern and eastern NWC. Pmax showed no significant trend at most of the stations in China, and on the regional average it decreased significantly in NC but increased in SC, NWC and the mid-lower Yangtze River valley(YR). WSmax decreased significantly at the vast majority of stations in China, with remarkable decrease in northern NC, northern and central YR, central and southern SC and in parts of central NEC and western NWC. With global climate change and rapidly economic development, China has become more vulnerable to climatic extremes and meteorological disasters, so more strategies of mitigation and/or adaptation of climatic extremes,such as environmentally-friendly and low-cost energy production systems and the enhancement of engineering defense measures are necessary for government and social publics. 相似文献
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Storms that occur at the Bay of Bengal (BoB) are of a bimodal pattern, which is different from that of the other sea areas. By using the NCEP, SST and JTWC data, the causes of the bimodal pattern storm activity of the BoB are diagnosed and analyzed in this paper. The result shows that the seasonal variation of general atmosphere circulation in East Asia has a regulating and controlling impact on the BoB storm activity, and the “bimodal period” of the storm activity corresponds exactly to the seasonal conversion period of atmospheric circulation. The minor wind speed of shear spring and autumn contributed to the storm, which was a crucial factor for the generation and occurrence of the “bimodal pattern” storm activity in the BoB. The analysis on sea surface temperature (SST) shows that the SSTs of all the year around in the BoB area meet the conditions required for the generation of tropical cyclones (TCs). However, the SSTs in the central area of the bay are higher than that of the surrounding areas in spring and autumn, which facilitates the occurrence of a “two-peak” storm activity pattern. The genesis potential index (GPI) quantifies and reflects the environmental conditions for the generation of the BoB storms. For GPI, the intense low-level vortex disturbance in the troposphere and high-humidity atmosphere are the sufficient conditions for storms, while large maximum wind velocity of the ground vortex radius and small vertical wind shear are the necessary conditions of storms. 相似文献