共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 156 毫秒
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本文通过对居民地信息量的测度试验,说明利用测度地图上的信息量,可以对评价地图及改进地图的设计工作提供参考依据。 相似文献
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地图上居民地空间信息的特征度量法 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
地图的基本功能之一是载负和传输空间信息。地图空间信息量是衡量地图上空间要素及其关系与要素空间分布状况复杂程度的定量描述指标,可为制图综合和质量评价提供依据。本文以地图上居民地空间信息度量为研究对象,从地图空间信息的本质特征出发,结合空间信息认知的层次性特点,将居民地空间特征划分为三个层次,并相应地将其空间信息构成划分为：元素层次居民地面要素的几何形态信息、邻域层次相邻居民地的空间关系信息、整体层次居民地的聚群结构信息。进而,分别建立三个层次空间特征的定量描述指标,在此基础上建立基于空间特征的几何形态信息、分布关系信息和聚群结构信息度量方法。最后,通过试验分析验证了所提方法的合理性和优越性。 相似文献
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系列比例尺地形数据库信息量比较——以1∶250000和11∶000000居民地为例 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
合理度量地理信息信息量可为信息的生产者、质量控制者和用户描述、评价、选用相关产品提供相关技术依据。本文在总结了已有地形数据库信息量量测研究现状后,选择一幅国家11∶000000地形数据和对应范围内的16幅1∶250000地形数据中的居民地要素层,全面分析评价了该要素层的统计信息量,几何信息量和专题(属性)信息量及其在不同比例尺之间的关系。实验表明,对地形数据库中的要素层采用全面评价的方法是可行和必要的,在各比例尺的居民地的信息量之间存在一定的数量关系,同时也部分验证了在地图缩编时为保持信息量最大化所要采取的必要措施的理论依据。 相似文献
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基于语法层的地图综合信息量原则 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
地图自动综合的一个首要问题是对地图信息进行数量化,信息量正是对地图表达效率数量化的一种重要手段。本文讨论了地图综合在符号语言学上的层次结构,提出在"典型化"约束下,地图综合应遵循的信息量数量变化规律。该规律为地图自动综合结果的评价提供了数学基础,也能用作基于信息量的渐进式自动综合的评价函数。试验证明,该规律符合地图综合实践的结果。 相似文献
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在分析现有地图信息度量方法的基础上,从地图信息来源入手,提出点状地图空间信息的构成即几何分布信息、拓扑邻接信息、聚群结构信息.进而,结合地图信息产生的差异性本质,建立了地图空间信息量度量的模型,即:基于特征的信息量模型.随后,从几何分布特征上选择点要素对应Voronoi区域面积、从拓扑邻接特征上选择Voronoi区域的一阶邻接度、从聚群结构特征上选择点数、分布面积和分布密度作为特征的定量描述指标,分别建立了几何分布信息量、拓扑邻接信息量、聚群结构信息量的度量方法.最后,采用两组地图数据试验对本文提出的方法进行验证,通过对比试验分析表明了本文所提方法的合理性和优越性. 相似文献
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何宗宜 《武汉大学学报(信息科学版)》1987,(1)
本文介绍了地图信息量的量测方法。地图的信息可分为直接信息和间接信息。地图的直接信息来自现有的特征和图形,其中包括位置、注记、语义和色彩四种信息。间接信息不是来自符号本身,要通过分析间接获得。作者利用信息论的原理对地图上的这几种信息的量测法进行了探讨。 相似文献
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地图空间信息量度量是地图制图学与地理信息科学领域的一个重要研究课题,可为地图设计、地图分析评价和地图综合提供依据。论文围绕地图空间信息量度量这一基础研究问题,以地图空间信息产生的本质特征分析入手,分别从地图要素层次和专题地图层次研究建立空间信息量的度量方法,并探讨地图空间信息量度量在地图信息传输和地图综合中的初步应用。论文的主要研究工作与创新之处包括: 相似文献
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由于地图数字化数据在采集和制图过程中存在系统误差的影响,导致其空间位置精度较低。在实测较高精度的GPS控制点的基础上,基于Kullback-Laible(KL)信息量改进的赤池信息标准(AICc)来选择最佳的转换模型,实现地图数字化数据的几何纠正,从而达到提高其位置精度的目的。 相似文献
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随着城市建设的快速发展,基础地形图数据的管理与自动化更新得到国土规划部门的高度重视。基于范围（图幅）的更新方法易于实现、效率高,但因重复更新无变化要素,容易导致历史数据库冗余。而基于要素的更新方法虽然只更新变化要素,但复杂的变化信息检测使其不适用于变化量较大的更新。针对当前更新技术无法自适应选择更新方法的问题,本文提出了基于地图信息变化量的地形图更新方法,即在选取更新方法前计算地图信息量变化率,以此作为更新方法的选取依据。以多组1：2000的居民地面数据为试验数据,分析验证了本方法能有效地提高数据更新效率。试验发现,当变化率小于20%时采用基于要素的更新方法,大于55%时采用基于范围的更新方法具有更高的更新效率,而处于20%～55%时,两种方法的更新效率没有显著差异。试验结果对地形图更新方案的设计具有重要参考价值。 相似文献
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云南漾弓江流域城乡聚落形态信息提取与分形分析 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
利用 1996年 2月和 1999年 11月的TM影像 ,通过对漾弓江流域的遥感影像的光谱特征分析 ,建立地物光谱模型 ,提取区域城乡聚落的时空分布信息。在此基础上 ,根据分形几何理论计算漾弓江流域城乡聚落不同时段空间形态的分形维数 ,从其变化分析流域内聚落空间形态的特征。结果表明 ,欠发达地区城乡聚落空间形态具有分形现象 ,并且城市与农村集镇的分形维数变化不一致 ,1996年丽江地震和 1998年大丽线的开通加速了丽江城和鹤庆城的发展 ,使其形态趋于复杂、不稳定性增大。 相似文献
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提出了一种基于转向角函数的面状居民地morphing方法。针对同名居民地实体在两个不同比例尺下的表达,将传统矢量GIS的坐标串表达形式转为转向角函数表达形式,基于转向角函数分析多边形边特征在不同比例尺下的共性与差异,融合得到了任意中间比例尺下的多边形的转向角函数,最后将中间比例尺下的转向角函数还原为矢量坐标串形式,获得多边形在对应尺度的中间插值形状。试验证明,本文提出的基于转向角函数的面状居民地morphing方法对面状居民地多边形具有较好的适应性,能在保持直角化边界特征的前提下实现连续地图综合与多尺度表达。 相似文献
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Trevor Quinn A.-Xing Zhu James E. Burt 《International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation》2005,7(4):324-338
Hydro-ecological modelers often use spatial variation of soil information derived from conventional soil surveys in simulation of hydro-ecological processes over watersheds at mesoscale (10–100 km2). Conventional soil surveys are not designed to provide the same level of spatial detail as terrain and vegetation inputs derived from digital terrain analysis and remote sensing techniques. Soil property layers derived from conventional soil surveys are often incompatible with detailed terrain and remotely sensed data due to their difference in scales. The objective of this research is to examine the effect of scale incompatibility between soil information and the detailed digital terrain data and remotely sensed information by comparing simulations of watershed processes based on the conventional soil map and those simulations based on detailed soil information across different simulation scales. The detailed soil spatial information was derived using a GIS (geographical information system), expert knowledge, and fuzzy logic based predictive mapping approach (Soil Land Inference Model, SoLIM). The Regional Hydro-Ecological Simulation System (RHESSys) is used to simulate two watershed processes: net photosynthesis and stream flow. The difference between simulation based on the conventional soil map and that based on the detailed predictive soil map at a given simulation scale is perceived to be the effect of scale incompatibility between conventional soil data and the rest of the (more detailed) data layers at that scale. Two modeling approaches were taken in this study: the lumped parameter approach and the distributed parameter approach. The results over two small watersheds indicate that the effect does not necessarily always increase or decrease as the simulation scale becomes finer or coarser. For a given watershed there seems to be a fixed scale at which the effect is consistently low for the simulated processes with both the lumped parameter approach and the distributed parameter approach. 相似文献
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J. Lin 《The Cartographic journal》2017,54(1):48-60
This study reunites areal interpolation with the isopleth mapping process to construct an inferred larger scale isopleth map. Intelligent areal interpolation is used to construct two types of population density surfaces that are used as inputs for pycnophylactic interpolation of an isopleth surface. One is a target zone population density surface (TZPDS) and the other is a control zone population density surface (CZPDS). Results suggest that an inferred isopleth map with remote sensing control data is a better surface depiction than an isopleth map without any control data, and the quality of such an isopleth map is further improved by enhancing the remote sensing data with residential parcel information. A CZPDS-derived intelligent isopleth map also has more peaks and variations in population distribution patterns than does a TZPDS-derived one due to the larger scale of the control data. 相似文献
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The aim of matching spatial data at different map scales is to find corresponding objects at different levels of detail (LODs) that represent the same real-world phenomena. This is a prerequisite for integrating, evaluating and updating spatial data collected and maintained at various scales. However, matching spatial data is not straightforward due to the ambiguities caused by problems like many-to-many correspondence, non-systematic displacement and different LODs between data sets. This paper proposes an approach to matching areal objects (e.g. buildings) based on relaxation labeling techniques widely applied in pattern recognition and computer vision. The underlying idea is to utilize contextual information (quantified by compatibility coefficient) in an iterative process, where the ambiguities are reduced until a consistent matching is achieved. This paper describes (1) a domain-specific extension to previous relaxation schemes and (2) a new compatibility coefficient that exploits relative relationships between areal object pairs in spatial data. Our approach were validated through extensive experiments using building data sets at 1:10k and 1:50k as an example. Our contextual approach showed superior performance against a non-contextual approach in general and especially in ambiguous situations. The proposed approach can also be applied to matching other areal features and/or for a different scale range. 相似文献
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阐述了无级比例尺矢量数据信息处理技术的基本原理、流程与方法,研究了城市道路网信息提取的实现方法,概括了无级比例尺信息提取过程中要素选取的"取舍"原则,提出了面向对象的城市道路网分类体系,并运用层次分析法对同级别城市道路进行重要性排序,从而实现了将各级别城市道路的重要性进行总体排序,为城市道路网无级比例尺信息的内容选取提供了前提. 相似文献
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In Malaysia, the endemic level of dengue fever (DF) has already changed morbidity indicators, and the magnitude of these incidences in the last few years has surpassed the incidences of all other diseases of compulsory notification. The reasons for the dramatic emergence of DF are complex and not well understood. There are many factors that contribute to the epidemiological conditions that favour viral transmission by the main mosquito vector. This study, therefore, is filling this gap by analysing the impact of dengue incidence at a local (Subang Jaya) scale using environmental factors. Meteorological data and land-use pattern were consolidated using geographic information system (GIS) and its components as an analytical tool. We have shown that weather variables (relative humidity, temperature and precipitation) have significant correlation with DF incidence with seasonal variation. Besides land-use pattern, DF incidence shows the higher distribution in the residential area, followed by commercial and industrial area. This is due to the higher population density in residential area as well as favourable places for the breeding of dengue-carrying Aedes mosquitos created by humans in the residential area, especially one-storey houses. The analysis on the trends of DF incidence towards various housing types indicate that most of the victims’ houses fall into interconnection houses and mixed houses types compared to the independent houses area. The outcome driven from this analysis suggested that each character of the environmental factors has their own risk towards dengue incidence. In line with that, it is possible to develop a dynamic model of DF transmission using the knowledge produced by this comprehensive time series data and the results provided by the different analyses. 相似文献