共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
横流中多孔射流的流动特性是揭示其输移扩散机理的基础。利用粒子图像测速技术PIV测量了横向流动条件下单孔、两孔和四孔射流的速度场,对射流主体范围内、射流的迎流面和各个射流之间的流场进行了研究。实验研究表明,多个射流中的第1个射流迎流面卷吸强度明显大于单个射流情况;两个射流之间的区域可分为两个部分,上游部分水体被卷吸进入上一个射流,下游部分水体被卷吸进入下一个射流;后面射流迎流面的横向流速明显低于第1个射流迎流面的横向流速,揭示了导致后面射流弯曲的横向有效流速沿程发展变化过程;揭示了横向有效流速的沿程变化规律。 相似文献
2.
为了研究三维壁面紊动射流前方布置的垂直挡板对时均流动特性的影响,采用粒子图像测速技术对不同雷诺数和淹没水深条件下的流速场进行了测量,统计分析了U速度剖面分布、速度半宽值变化和最大速度衰减规律。结果表明:沿射流方向具有3个明显不同的衰减区,依次划分为自由边界下的三维壁面射流区（Ⅰ区）、垂直挡板影响区（Ⅱ区）和近壁区（Ⅲ区）。在重点分析的Ⅱ区内,3个特征物理量的分布规律均与雷诺数无关;在垂直挡板影响下,速度半宽值扩展率明显加快,发展更为充分;在水深H~1.75H范围内,射孔中垂面内速度半宽值扩展率为0.043,同时0.5H的递增对射孔中心水平面内速度半宽值的分布较为敏感,其扩展率由0.205增至0.270;最大速度衰减对水深的改变并不敏感,且在Ⅱ区加速衰减,衰减指数为1.095。通过与半无限空间中三维壁面射流径向型衰减区的流动特征比较,Ⅱ区与之相似,将Ⅱ区视为提前进入径向型衰减区。 相似文献
3.
Preliminary observation of a tidal intrusion front inside the mouth of the Chesapeake Bay 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
In situ sampling during flooding tidal flow and southerly winds shows the up-estuary translation of a surface front along
the Thimble Shoal channel, which is located in the southern part of Chesapeake Bay. Currents and surface density were measured
using a towed acoustic Doppler current profiler and CTD, and a ship-borne radar was used to monitor the orientation and planform
of the front, which varied over time. These preliminary observations suggest that dense shelf water, upwelled to the surface
along the coast near Cape Henry, Virginia, can be found well into the southern part of the bay during flood, and that the
boundary between the intruding shelf water and less dense estuarine water has many of the same characteristics as tidal intrusion
fronts found in smaller scale estuaries. 相似文献
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5.
利用声学多普勒流速仪(Acoustic Doppler Velocimetry,ADV)自动测速系统和平面激光诱导荧光(Plane Laser Induced Florescence,PLIF)系统对同向圆射流的速度场和浓度场进行了系统的研究,并与前人的工作进行了比较和讨论。时均特性测量结果表明,射流主体段下游各断面的速度和浓度横向分布是自相似的,且近似可用高斯分布来表示;随着射流向下游传播,射流中心流速逐渐衰减,在强射流区和弱射流区遵循不同的规律;紊动特性测量结果表明,下游各断面的紊动强度横向分布是自相似的。 相似文献
6.
Omran E. Frihy Dr. 《GeoJournal》1992,27(4):339-344
The Pleistocene/Holocene history of Abu Quir bay and the adjacent shoreline has been studied using textural, petrological and geotechnical information obtained from 33 boreholes. The sedimentary vertical sequence is as follows reading from bottom to top: Late Pleistocene shelf sand and stiff mud, Late Pleistocene/Holocene transgressive sand, Holocene calcareous shelf mud, Holocene nearshore sand, prodelta mud, delta plain lagoonal and marsh mud, delta front mud and sand and coastal sand of beach and dunes. These units are produced as a response to shoreline fluctuation, resulting from a wide variety of deltaic and shelf environments. The study identifies delta lobes of the former Canopic branch which was located in the western part of the bay. 相似文献
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以k-ε紊流模型为基础,针对浅水环境垂向射流的水面会有明显突起情况,采用VOF(Volume of Fluid)方法追踪自由面,建立了适合浅水环境垂向平面紊动射流的二维数学模型.对不同入射速度、水深、入射口宽度组合进行了大量的数值模拟实验,对整个流场的分布作了分析,发现自由面的分布特点和速度矢量场的分布特点相对应;中轴线附近的自由面隆起具有自相似性,文中给出了拟合表达式;由于水面的阻滞,中轴线上垂向速度的衰减较自由射流快,衰减规律随水深和射流宽度而异. 相似文献
9.
鄂尔多斯坳陷湖盆缓坡型三角洲前缘沉积微相分带及成因分析——以定边-安边地区延长组长6油组为例 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
LI Feng-jie JIANG Bin ZHAO Jun-xingInstitute of Sedimentary Geology Chengdu University of Technology Chengdu China 《矿物岩石》2008,(3)
运用沉积相分析理论对鄂尔多斯盆地定边-安边地区晚三叠世延长组坳陷湖盆缓坡型三角洲前缘沉积微相组合进行系统研究,共识别出其组合形式有:水下分流河道叠加组合、河口坝叠加组合、水下分流河道与河口坝叠加组合以及河口坝与远砂坝、席状砂的叠加组合等4大类9种类型。并深入研究三角洲前缘沉积微相组合的时空分布规律,以三角洲前缘坡折带为界,将三角洲前缘分为"台型前缘"、"坡型前缘"和"盆型前缘"三部分,各部分有独特的沉积微相组合形式。高分辨率层序地层学的基准面旋回原理和沉积物体积分配原理表明:短期基准面的规律性变化影响着储层砂体的成因类型、叠加组合形式和空间分布规律,据此建立坳陷湖盆三角洲前缘不同沉积微相组合的成因分布模式。 相似文献
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根据盘南矿区马依西井田大量地质资料分析,认为龙潭组形成于潮坪、三角洲及海湾—泻湖沉积体系,下部为潮坪—潮道沉积组合,主要由潮坪相、潮道相、沼泽及泥炭沼泽相组成,形成的煤层硫分高,连续性差;中部为三角洲沉积组合,主要由前三角洲相、三角洲前缘相及三角洲平原相组成,其煤层硫分低,稳定性好,分叉少;上部为海湾—潟湖相沉积组合,由潟湖相局部海湾相及沙洲砂坝相组成。分流河道的泛滥盆地、支流间湾、废弃河道、潮坪—潮道为本区煤层的形成提供了有利沉积环境。 相似文献
12.
Depositional processes of the Suwolbong tuff ring, Cheju Island (Korea) 总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11
The Suwolbong pyroclastic sequence in the western part of Cheju Island, Korea, comprises partly preserved rim beds of a Quaternary basaltic tuff ring whose vent lies about 1 km seaward of the present shoreline. The sequence consists of breccia, lapillistone, lapilli tuff and tuff. Eighteen sedimentary facies are established and organized into six lateral facies sequences (LFS) and seven vertical facies sequences (VFS). The LFS 1, 4 and 5 begin with massive lapilli tuff which transforms downcurrent into either planar-bedded (LFS 1), undulatory-bedded (LFS 4) or climbing dune-bedded (LFS 5) (lapilli) tuff units. They are representative of relatively ‘dry’ base surge whose particle concentration decreases downcurrent with a progressive increase in both tractional processes and sorting. The LFS 2 begins with disorganized and massive lapilli tuff and transforms into crudely stratified units downcurrent. It results from relatively ‘wet’ base surge in which sorting is poor due to the cohesion of damp ash. The LFS 3 comprises well-sorted lapilli tuff and stratified tuff further downcurrent, suggestive of deposition from combined fall and surge of relatively ‘dry’ hydroclastic eruption. All seven vertical facies sequences generally comprise two facies units of coarse-grained fines-depleted lapilli tuff and an overlying fine-grained tuff. These sequences are suggestive of deposition from base surge that consists of a turbulent head and a low-concentration tail. Depositional processes in the Suwolbong tuff ring were dominated by a relatively ‘dry’ base surge. The base surge comprises turbulent and high-concentration suspension near the vent whose deposits are generally unstratified due to the lack of tractional transport. As the base surge becomes diluted downcurrent through fallout of clasts and mixing of ambient air, it develops large-scale turbulent eddies and is segregated into coarse-grained bedload and overlying fine-grained suspension forming thinly stratified units. Further downcurrent, the base surge may be either cooled and deflated or pushed up into the air, depending on its temperature. The Suwolbong tuff ring comprises an overall wet-to-dry cycle with several dry-to-wet cycles in it, suggestive of overall decrease in abundance of external water and fluctuation in the rate of magma rise. 相似文献
13.
鄂尔多斯盆地东北缘神木地区浅湖三角洲沉积作用及煤聚集 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
鄂尔多斯盆地东北缘延安组含有大量的优质煤,属稳定大地构造条件下的浅湖三角州沉积物。三角洲体系有以下单元组成:(1)前三角洲;(2)三角洲前缘(水下分流河道相和河口坝相);(3)三角洲平原(分流河道相,天然堤、决口扇、沼泽和具决口三角洲的分流间湾);(4)废弃三角洲平原.通过详细的露头观察和岩心研究及沉积岩的地质填图工作,浅湖三角洲特征可归纳如下:(1)推进速度非常快、舌形体长而窄,间湾在其间发育,决口事件频繁发生;(2)前三角洲非常薄(0.2～0.5m),三角洲剖面几乎绝大部分由三角洲前缘和三角洲平原构成;(3)河口坝相由砂岩和泥岩互层组成;(4)水下分流河道砂岩厚度在0.5～3.5m范围内,被河口坝沉积物围绕;(5)在废弃三角洲平原中,由于极少沉积物带入沼泽,因此沉积了厚的低灰煤层。 相似文献
14.
JUTTA WINSEMANN JAHN J. HORNUNG JANINE MEINSEN ULRICH ASPRION ULRICH POLOM† CHRISTIAN BRANDES MICHAEL BUßMANN CHRISTIAN WEBER 《Sedimentology》2009,56(4):1041-1076
This paper presents a detailed analysis of the high‐resolution facies architecture of the Middle Pleistocene Porta subaqueous ice‐contact fan and delta complex, deposited on the northern margin of glacial Lake Weser (North‐west Germany). A total of 10 sand and gravel pits and more than 100 wells were examined to document the complex facies architecture. The field study was supplemented with a ground‐penetrating radar survey and a shear‐wave seismic survey. All collected sedimentological and geophysical data were integrated into a high‐resolution three‐dimensional geological model for reconstructing the spatial distribution of facies associations. The Porta subaqueous fan and delta complex consist of three fan bodies deposited on a flat lake‐bottom surface at the margin of a retreating ice lobe. The northernmost fan complex is up to 55 m thick, 6·2 km wide and 6·5 km long. The incipient fan deposition is characterized by high‐energy flows of a plane‐wall jet. Very coarse‐grained, highly scoured jet‐efflux deposits with an elongate plan shape indicate a high Froude number, probably >5. These jet‐efflux sediments are deposited in front of a large ～3·2 km long, up to 1·2 km wide, and up to 25 m deep flute‐like scour, indicating the most proximal erosion and bypass area of the jet that widens and deepens with distance downstream to the region of maximum turbulence (approximately five times the conduit diameter). Evidence for subsequent flow splitting is given by the presence of two marginal gravel fan lobes, deposited in front of 1·3 to 2·5 km long flute‐like scours, that are 0·8 to 1 km wide and 7 to 20 m deep. In response to continued aggradation, small jets developed at the periphery of these bar‐like deposits and filled in the low areas adjacent to the original superelevated regions, locally raising the depositional surface and characterized by large‐scale trough cross‐stratified sand and pebbly sand. The incision of an up to 1·2 km wide and up to 35 m deep channel into the evolving fan is attributed to a catastrophic drainage event, probably related to a lake outburst and lake‐level fall in the range of 40 to 60 m. At the mouth of this channel, highly scoured jet‐efflux deposits formed under hydraulic‐jump conditions during flow expansion. Subsequently, Gilbert‐type deltas formed on the truncated fan margin, recording a second lake‐level drop in the range of 30 to 40 m. These catastrophic lake‐level falls were probably caused by rapid ice‐lobe retreat controlled by the convex‐up bottom topography of the ice valley. 相似文献
15.
西湖凹陷是我国东海盆地的一个次级凹陷,在凹陷断陷期的末期阶段发育的平湖组是一套含煤岩系,同时也是西湖凹陷的主力烃源岩。在对西湖凹陷地震、钻测井及岩心资料综合分析的基础上,在平湖组中识别出3个长期基准面旋回,其中发育了10个中期基准面旋回。平湖组发育煤层的主要沉积环境有潮汐影响的三角洲平原、潮汐影响的三角洲前缘的分流间湾和潮上带及辫状河三角洲前缘分流间湾。平湖组发育的3个层序是煤层发育的主要部位,其中长期基准面旋回LSC2是煤层最发育的层段。可容纳空间的大小控制着煤层在西湖凹陷平湖组短期基准面旋回中的发育位置:在高的可容纳空间背景下,煤层主要发育于短期基准面下降半旋回的中上部;在低的可容纳空间背景下,煤层主要发育于短期基准面旋回的最大可容纳空间处。 相似文献
16.
R Narasimha 《Journal of Earth System Science》1980,89(2):267-275
Recent laboratory investigations have shown that rotation and (streamwise) curvature can have spectacular effects on momentum transport in turbulent shear flows. A simple model that takes account of these effects (based on an analogy with buoyant flows) utilises counterparts of the Richardson number Rg and the Monin-Oboukhov length. Estimates of Rg for meanders in ocean currents like the Gulf Stream show it to be of order 1 or more, while laboratory investigations reveal strong effects even at |Rg|～0·1. These considerations lead to the conclusion that at a cyclonic bend in the Gulf Stream, a highly unstable flow in the outer half of the jet rides over a highly stable flow in the inner half. It is conjectured that the discrepancies noticed between observation and the various theories of Gulf Stream meanders, and such phenomena as the observed detachment of eddies from the Gulf Stream, may be due to the effects of curvature and rotation on turbulent transport. 相似文献
17.
Although pipe transport for storage of CO2 captured from combustion exhaust is most efficient under supercritical conditions, subcritical multi-phase transport might sometimes occur intentionally or unintentionally. To adequately assess the consequences of subcriticality, the fidelity of subcritical multi-phase turbulent transport modeling, including confinement and buoyancy effects, must be improved. For this reason, an extension of one-dimensional turbulence, a stochastic turbulence modeling strategy, for application to this regime is underway. As a step toward this extension, a turbulent liquid jet issuing from a planar channel is simulated and results are compared with liquid jet measurements and channel flow numerical simulations. A previously noted turbulence decay scaling is reproduced, suggesting that the scaling is more robust than might be supposed, given the complicating factors. This work provides a basis for extension to the primary breakup regime of liquid jets and hence to subcritical multi-phase turbulence more generally. 相似文献
18.
JULIEN BOURGET SEBASTIEN ZARAGOSI NADINE ELLOUZ‐ZIMMERMANN NICOLAS MOUCHOT THIERRY GARLAN JEAN‐LUC SCHNEIDER VALENTINE LANFUMEY SIGFRIED LALLEMANT 《Sedimentology》2011,58(2):376-406
This study investigates the morphology and Late Quaternary sediment distribution of the Makran turbidite system (Makran subduction zone, north‐west Indian Ocean) from a nearly complete subsurface mapping of the Oman basin, two‐dimensional seismic and a large set of coring data in order to characterize turbidite system architecture across an active (fold and thrust belt) margin. The Makran turbidite system is composed of a dense network of canyons, which cut into high relief accreted ridges and intra‐slope piggyback basins, forming at some locations connected and variably tortuous paths down complex slopes. Turbidite activity and trench filling rates are high even during the Holocene sea‐level highstand conditions. In particular, basin‐wide, sheet‐like thick mud turbidites, probably related to major mass wasting events of low recurrence time, drape the flat and unchannellized Oman abyssal plain. Longitudinal depth profiles show that the Makran canyons are highly disrupted by numerous thrust‐related large‐scale knickpoints (with gradients up to 20° and walls up to 500 m high). At the deformation front, the strong break of slope can lead to the formation of canyon‐mouth ‘plunge pools’ of variable shapes and sizes. The plunge pools observed in the western Makran are considerably larger than those previously described in sub‐surface successions; the first insights into their internal architecture and sedimentary processes are presented here. Large plunge pools in the western Makran are associated with large scoured areas at the slope break and enhanced sediment deposition downstream: high‐amplitude reflectors are observed inside the plunge pools, while their flanks are composed of thin‐bedded, fine‐grained turbidites deposited by the uppermost part of the turbidity flows. Thus, these architectural elements are associated with strong sediment segregation leading to specific trench‐fill mechanisms, as only the finer‐grained component of the flows is transferred to the abyssal plain. However, the Makran accretionary prism is characterized by strong along‐strike variability in tectonics and fluvial input distribution that might directly influence the turbidite system architecture (i.e. canyon entrenchment, plunge pool formation or channel development at canyon mouths), the sedimentary dynamics and the resulting sediment distribution. Channel formation in the abyssal plain and trench‐fill characteristics depend on the theoretical ‘equilibrium’ conditions of the feeder system, which is related closely to the balance between erosion rates and tectonic regime. Thus, the Makran turbidite system constitutes an excellent modern analogue for deep‐water sedimentary systems with structurally complex depocentres, in convergent margin settings. 相似文献
19.
Salinity stratification in a river-dominated estuary 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Analysis of salinity data from Mobile Bay indicates that stratification-destratification events within this broad, shallow estuary are not uncommon. These events are related to the strength of the winds, through their influence on wave generation and subsequent bottom drag coefficient increases, and to the strength of river discharge. They do not appear to be due to the strength of tidal currents, as has been observed elsewhere. Furthermore, river flow appears to be the dominant control, the winds being important only in the absence of large freshwater discharges. The annual spring freshet can flush most of the salt from the bay. During other times of the year the relative strengths of river discharge and wind stress change the bay from highly stratified to nearly homogeneous and back on a variety of time scales ranging from daily to seasonal. 相似文献
20.
本文通过遥感影像解译和地表调查,利用二维地震剖面,结合钻、测井数据,分析秋里塔格中段构造结的构造特征,利用轴面分析和多余面积方法计算构造缩短量。研究表明,秋里塔格中段构造结的构造变形受3个滑脱面,即中新统吉迪克组(N1j)膏盐岩、古?始新统库姆格列木组(E1?2km)膏盐岩和侏罗系(J)煤层控制。构造结东部发育两个滑脱面,分别位于中新统吉迪克组膏盐岩和侏罗系煤层,形成浅层的滑脱褶皱和深层的断层转折褶皱,构成复合型背斜; 西部发育一个滑脱面即库姆格列木组膏盐岩,膏盐岩聚集形成南秋里塔格滑脱褶皱。库车塔吾背斜向西倾伏,背斜下伏沿吉迪克组膏盐岩和侏罗系煤层发育的断层(F1和F 3)的滑移量向西减小,如东部A?A′剖面上断层F3的滑移量为7.7 km,西部C?C′剖面上为3.8 km; 南秋里塔格背斜向东倾伏,背斜下伏沿库姆格列木组膏盐岩发育的断层的滑移量向西增大,东部的A?A′剖面断层不发育,西部的D?D′剖面构造缩短量达5.1 km。构造结地区3个滑脱面交汇： ①东、西段卷入变形的断层和褶皱在此发生了叠加干涉, ②断层的滑移量在此汇合转换, ③库车塔吾背斜、南秋里塔格背斜和托克拉克坦背斜在此交汇,交汇处发育多个高角度的逆冲剪切断层和表皮褶皱,形成了秋里塔格中段复杂构造结,构造结地区未发育大规模走滑断层。根据上述认识,我们提出了秋里塔格中段构造结的三维构造模型。 相似文献