共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
基于CA的城市空间动态模型研究 总被引：34，自引：0，他引：34
综述了当前基于CA（Cellular Automata）的城市空间动态模型研究的基本进展,介绍了我国发展的基于CA 的大都市区城市扩展模型（City Expanding Modelin Metropolianarea,CEM）以及利用该模型对北京地区城市发展过程的初步模拟结果。认为离散化的"自下而上"的微观个体模型代表了当前城市空间动态模型的最新发展方向,建立基于CA的城市动态模型,开展中国大都市区城市发展演变过程的模拟研究在当前具有重要的理论和实践意义。 相似文献
2.
近年来北京城区高速发展和大面积的范围扩张,这种开发建设形式使得原有城市内及周边地区的生态遭受到严重破坏,城市下垫面被大量混凝土、沥青和不透水砖覆盖,使得城市原有的暴雨径流条件改变。地处北京城区下游的廊坊市北运河、潮白河流域更是面临着较大的防汛压力,本次分析计算建立了北京城区平均降雨~北运河及潮白河洪量总和之间的关系,为今后进行更加准确、及时的洪峰、洪量预报,来降低甚至防止发生廊坊市北运河、潮白河所在地区暴雨洪水灾害的可能性打下基础。 相似文献
3.
Natural Hazards - In this paper, the role of basin shape in the site–city interaction (SCI) effects on the ground motion characteristics is documented. The effects of city type and city... 相似文献
4.
鲁南经济带内矿产资源及地下水资源非常丰富,长期大量开采引发的环境地质问题主要有采空塌陷、岩溶塌陷、地面沉降、地下水降落漏斗及海水入侵等。选取地形地貌、岩土体特征、水文地质条件、环境工程地质问题、地质资源和人类工程经济活动等17个评价因子,利用傅勒三角形法确定各评价因子的权重,采用专家聚类法评价地质环境脆弱性。选取重点城市所在评价单元的土壤环境质量(T)、工程地质环境(G)、地质灾害危险性(Z)和地质环境承载力(C)等4个评价因子,采用栅格叠图法对重点城市适宜性进行了评价。评价结果显示,全区可划分为地质环境脆弱性极高区、高区、中等区和低区共4个区,菏泽市、临沂市处于地质环境脆弱性高区,济宁市、枣庄市及日照市位于地质环境脆弱性中等区。地质环境适宜性综合评价显示5个重点城市均为基本适宜,其中枣庄市西城区为适宜。 相似文献
5.
Fulong Wu 《Geoforum》2007,38(2):379-392
Rather than being abandoned along with the demise of the centrally planned economy, city planning as a profession is flourishing in China. New hybrid plans such as strategic development plans (concept plans) have been invented, and the planning procedure has become more flexible. Design competition and planning consultancy are widespread. This paper examines the development of new strategic development plans and design competition. It is argued that city planning has been re-orientated from a technical rationale, i.e. allocating state development projects to the city, to the imperative derived from market-oriented development, i.e. consolidating competitiveness during inter-city competition. The contradiction between market and planning is that while the status of city planning has been raised and its approach is becoming more strategic, the actual functionality of city planning has become more instrumental. 相似文献
6.
海绵城市建设以低影响开发为核心,其核心技术措施中的“渗、蓄、滞、净、用、排”与地质环境密切相关。从地质环境适宜性的角度出发,以常州城市规划区为对象,基于GIS类软件,使用层次分析法、综合评分法等方法,综合考虑研究区的地形地貌、包气带特征、浅层含水层特征及地质灾害情况,构建了常州城市规划区海绵城市建设地质环境评价模型,分析了影响海绵城市建设的主要地质因素,并评价了该区地质环境适宜性。主要结论有:浅层含水层岩性与厚度、包气带岩性及地质灾害易发性是影响常州市海绵城市建设最主要的地质因素;研究区海绵城市地质环境整体较好,适宜性在中等及以上地区分布面积占总面积的89.69%。构建的地质环境评价模型可为同类型海绵城市地质环境评价与城市建设提供技术支撑。 相似文献
7.
Evaluation of liquefaction potential of Guwahati: Gateway city to Northeastern India 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Guwahati city is a major city in the northeastern region of India, which is growing rapidly in every aspect, particularly the major infrastructures like sports complex, educational institutions, flyovers, multiplex halls, etc. Two great earthquakes struck this region in 1897 and 1950, and large-scale liquefaction was reported in and around the Guwahati city. However, a detailed microzonation study for liquefaction is not available so far and is taken up accordingly. The liquefaction potential of the Guwahati city is estimated using hundred boreholes data located at different places of city with a design peak ground acceleration of 0.36?g. The results are presented in the form of factor of safety contours at several depths below the ground surface. These contour maps indicate that most of the sites in Guwahati city area are susceptible to liquefaction and hence this aspect has to be considered in earthquake-resistant design of foundations/structures in Guwahati city. 相似文献
8.
海绵城市建设目前已成为众多行业和科技领域的讨论热点之一,也面临众多争议,海绵城市建设的内涵、目标、内容和效果等均存在不同认识。针对中国城镇化过程中面临的主要水问题,结合参与海绵城市试点建设评审、考察以及对国外海绵城市的调研情况,从城市水文过程的角度,系统解析了海绵城市的概念,就海绵城市建设的目标与指标、建设功能与发展方向、城市地下排蓄系统、建设管理体制等若干问题展开了讨论。核心观点认为,海绵城市是对中国城市水系统的综合治理,也是城市人居环境的重构,功能综合是海绵城市建设成功的前提,海绵城市的建设应以河湖水系为核心,需要流域和城市的整体规划设计,海绵城市建设应该基于多部门、跨行业的优势互补、合作交叉,按照整体规划、系统布局的方式协同推进。 相似文献
9.
基于灰色模型的城市用水量预测 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
介绍灰色理论建模原理和模型参数辨识方法,并结合实例建立灰色GM(1,1)预测模型,运用残差检验与后验差检验2种方法对模型进行精度检验,其模型拟合精度达99％.用所建立的模型对某市2010-2013年城市用水量进行外推预测.结果表明,该灰色模型用于城市用水量预测,符合其灰色特性,通用性好,并且所需数据少,计算量适中,预测... 相似文献
10.
烟台市区主要环境工程地质问题及防治对策研究 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
分析烟台市区工程地质环境基本要素,研究烟台市区环境工程地质问题的主要类型,并探讨烟台市区环境工程地质问题的系统防治技术。 相似文献
11.
Nick Novakowski 《GeoJournal》2010,75(6):553-565
This research provides a comparative examination of Ottawa as an archetype of a knowledge city. Among Canada’s four largest
cities, Ottawa is unique in terms of the characteristics of its labor force, the nature of its employment mix, and its infrastructure.
Since the high-tech downturn of 2001, some of Ottawa’s options as a knowledge city seem to be contracting, despite some simultaneously
encouraging signs (like recovering employment levels in the high-tech sector). This raises a question about Ottawa’s potential
longevity as a knowledge center. The challenge is to understand the inventory of obstacles faced by the city, and address
the sort of alchemy required to maintain and improve its competitiveness as a knowledge city. 相似文献
12.
The populated and expanding city of Chandigarh is located in the foothills of Himalaya, near the potentially active Main Frontal
Thrust (MFT). A hazard assessment for this city is consequently of major importance. Thick sediments underlies the city and
that can potentially amplify the earthquake shaking and contribute to an earthquake disaster in the city. The present study
applies the Horizontal to Vertical Spectral Ratio (HVSR) ambient noise methodology to estimate the resonance frequency of
the soft sediments and to obtain a first order estimate of sediment thickness.
The study indicates that the soil thickness range from 30 to 270 m and that the resonance frequencies vary from 0.236 to 1.479
Hz. A smooth correlation function between soil thickness and resonance frequency is found, indicating relatively homogeneous
soil. 相似文献
13.
地铁隧道盾构施工引起的古城墙变形规律及其控制技术 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以西安地铁2号线区间隧道下穿南门古城墙工程为依托,通过建立FLAC3D数值模型对可能的3种施工方案进行了对比分析,建议将管片支护及壁后注浆、城门基础范围内土体化学注浆加固和城墙南面基础附近施工钻孔灌注桩的联合变形控制方案作为最优的可行性方案,并对该方案引起的古城墙变形规律进行了预测研究,根据预测结果制定了监测方案。工程实践表明,建议的古城墙变形控制施工技术是合理的,隧道施工时引起的城墙和地表变形值处于安全值范围内。得到的地铁隧道盾构施工引起的古城墙变形规律及其控制技术对西安地铁1号线下穿东西古城墙的安全施工具有借鉴价值。 相似文献
14.
Great earthquakes in the past (e.g. 1869 Cachar earthquake, 1897 great Assam earthquake) have caused large scale damage and
ground liquefaction in the Guwahati city. Moreover, seismologists are of opinion that a great earthquake might occur in the
unruptured segment of the North-East Himalaya that is near to Guwahati city. In this paper, the liquefaction hazard due to
these events have been simulated. The obtained results are in general agreement with the reported damages due to the past
earthquakes. The central part of the city (i.e. Dispur, GS road), that has large thickness of soft soil deposit and shallow
ground water table, is highly vulnerable to liquefaction. 相似文献
15.
南昌市2010年规划中心城区建筑密度遥感研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
论述了南昌市建筑密度调查的技术方法，阐明了城市建筑密度的现状分布和分区，分析了建筑密度对 城市发展的影响，探讨了城市规划中存在的问题和对策。 相似文献
16.
17.
魏靖宇 《华东地质学院学报》1997,20(1):70-75
客观，真实地评定一个城市的土地质量和使用效益及其在地土空间上分布差异状况，并用等级序列表示其差异或优劣程度，是城市地产管理的一项重要内容，本文探讨了运用模糊数学方法定量地确定城市各单元土地的亲疏关系，从而客观地评价城市土地级别。 相似文献
18.
Possibly the formation of the heat-island effect of cities (especially megapolises) is the most evident is consequence of
man’s impact on the climatic regime. The intensity of the heat-island effect in a city, which is characterized by a surface
air temperature drop between the urban core and its peripheral region, reaches several degrees. In this study, by means of
power function, the model connecting the intensity of the heat-island effect in a city with the size of the population and/or
city area is proposed. Qualitative model analysis, in comparison to the statistical data, allows us to allocate and classify
various regimes of cities and their dynamics. 相似文献
19.
Shlomo Hasson 《GeoJournal》2001,53(3):311-322
Jerusalem is a city of many contrasts. It is a historical-symbolic city, revered by Muslims, Christians and Jews. However, its citizens segregate ethno-nationally, culturally and socially, into different identity groups: Jews and Arabs, Haredi (`ultra-Orthodox') and secular Jews, and lower and upper class socio-economic groups. This essay focuses on how political and social struggles over territories reshape the nature of the identities of four distinct groups in Jerusalem. These are ethno-national groups (Israeli Jews and Palestinian Arabs), cultural groups (ultra-Orthodox Jews, in Hebrew Haredim (zealots), and non-Orthodox Jews), ethno-social groups (disadvantaged groups mainly of oriental descent, in Hebrew Mizrahim and advantaged groups) and economic and ecological groups (the business sector and inhabitants of private residential areas of the city). Thus, long-term historical processes have produced distinct ethno-national, cultural and social identity groups, which occupy specific territories within Jerusalem. The different groups have endowed their territory with dissimilar geopolitical, cultural, and economic meanings and played a major role in the reconstruction of national, cultural, social and ecological identities in the city. The city of Jerusalem is not only a spiritual centre associated with age-long dreams for peace and justice, it is also a violent city, rife with tensions and conflicts, a symbol of national, cultural, economic and ecological struggles. Perhaps the greatest challenge facing all those concerned about its future is whether Jerusalem's universal image of a spiritual, tolerant and just city can overcome its current, particularistic and conflict ridden image. 相似文献