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1.
Experiments were made on plain concrete subjected to triaxial static loading and constant-amphtude compressive fatigue loading with a constant lateral pressure in two directions. The initial confining pressure was O, O. lfc, O. 25fc and O. 4fc, respectively, for the static test, and O. lfc and O. 25fc for the fatigue test. Based on the triaxial compressive constitutive behavior of concrete, the inflexion of confining pressure evolution was chosen to be the fatigue damage criterion during the test. The rule of evolution of longitudinal maximum and minimum strains, longitudinal cyclic modulus and damage were recorded and analyzed. According to the Fardis-Chen criterion model and the concept of equivalent fatigue life and equivalent stress level, a unified S-N curve for multi-axial compressive fatigue loading was proposed. Thus, the fatigue strength factors for different fatigue loading cases can be obtained. The present investigation provides information for the fatigue design of concrete structures. 相似文献
2.
It is inevitable that marine structures suffer from corrosion and extreme cyclic loading. In order to study the influence of corrosion damage and cumulative fatigue damage on mechanical properties of marine steel, high performance steel NV-D36 was analyzed under electrochemical corrosion and cyclic loading. It was found that corrosion damage can reduce the elastic modulus, yield strength, ultimate stress and ultimate strain of steel NV-D36. And it was also found that cumulative fatigue damage will increase the ultimate stress of steel NV-D36 and reduce the ultimate strain of steel NV-D36. The effect of double damage on mechanical properties of steel NV-D36 was coupled with these two kinds of damage. The Chaboche model parameters calibrated under incremental cyclic loading scheme can exactly describe the stiffness and peak stress of steel NV-D36. 相似文献
3.
In offshore engineering, pile foundations are commonly constructed in marine deposits to support various structures such as offshore platforms. These piles are subjected to lateral cyclic loading due to wind, wave action, and drag load from ships. In this paper, centrifuge model tests are conducted to investigate the response of the existing single piles due to lateral cyclic loading. The cyclic loading was simulated by a hydraulic actuator. It is found that the residual lateral movement and bending strain are induced in the existing pile after each loading–unloading cycle. This is because plastic deformation is induced in the soil surrounding the existing pile during each loading–unloading cycle. By increasing the applied loads during cyclic loading–unloading process, the lateral movements and bending strains induced in the pile head increase simultaneously. As the cyclic loading varies from 10 to 50 kN, the residual pile head movement increases from 40 to 154?mm, and the residual bending strain of the existing pile varies from 100 to 260 με. The ratio of residual to the maximum pile head movements varies from 0.17 to 0.22, while the ratio of residual to the maximum bending strains is in a range of 0.12–0.55. 相似文献
4.
基于人工神经网络的混凝土疲劳寿命估算 总被引：9，自引：2，他引：9
把决定混凝土疲劳寿命的应力水平，应力比，加载频率和描述随机性的破坏概率作为神经网络的输入，以疲劳寿命作为网络的输出，用网络结构描述它们之间的非线性关系，利用实验数据样本完成了网络的训练，并对模拟样本进行了估算，实例计算了结果表明，利用已有疲劳试验数据训练好的人工神经网络进行混凝土疲劳寿命估算，可部分代替冗长，昂贵的疲劳实验。 相似文献
5.
An important aspect of deepwater well integrity assurance is conductor fatigue analysis under environmental loads acting on the riser system during drilling operation. Fatigue damage arises from stress changes in a structure due to cyclic loading. In practice, the lateral cyclic soil response is typically modelled using Winkler p–y springs. An appropriate soil model for conductor–soil interaction analysis is the one based on which the absolute magnitudes of stresses and their changes can accurately be predicted for well integrity evaluation. The API recommendations for p–y curves, which are often used for conductor–soil interaction analysis, have originally been developed for piled foundation and are inappropriate for well fatigue analysis. To that end, an extensive study involving four series of centrifuge model tests and FE numerical analyses was conducted to fundamentally study conductor–soil interaction under a wide spectrum of loading conditions. The tests simulated conductor installations in normally to over consolidated clays, and medium-dense clean sands. Soil models were developed specifically for conductor fatigue analysis for each of the soil types. The test results and soil models are presented in two papers. The first paper, Part I, presents an overview of the study and first series tests in normally to lightly over-consolidated kaolin clay and discusses the observations made with regards to monotonic and cyclic soil resistances and their relationship to conductor fatigue modelling. The second paper, Part II, presents centrifuge test results in normally to lightly over-consolidated Golf of Mexico (GoM) clay, over-consolidated natural clay and medium-dense clean sands along with the respective soil models developed for conductor fatigue damage prediction. Overall, the accuracy of fatigue life predictions using these novel soil models is very high – generally within about a few percentage of the measured values. 相似文献
6.
An elastoplastic damage constitutive model to simulate nonlinear behavior of concrete is presented. Similar to traditional plastic theory, the irreversible deformation is modeled in effective stress space. In order to better describe different stiffness degradation mechanisms of concrete under tensile and compressive loading conditions, two damage variables, i.e., tension and compression are introduced, to quantitatively evaluate the degree of deterioration of concrete structure. The rate dependent behavior is taken into account, and this model is derived firmly in the framework of irreversible thermodynamics. Fully implicit backward-Euler algorithm is suggested to perform constitutive integration. Numerical results of the model accord well with the test results for specimens under uniaxial tension and compression, biaxial loading and triaxial loading. Failure processes of double-edge-notched (DEN) specimen are also simulated to further validate the proposed model. 相似文献
7.
The lateral deflection of a cylindrical diaphragm wall and the associated ground movement induced by deep excavation are analyzed by performing site instrumentations and numerical analyses in the coastal area of Korea. Wall lateral deflection, rebar stress, and pore water pressure were measured and analyzed in eight directions. Variations of soil properties with the decrease of confining pressure are compared by performing various in situ tests before ad after excavation. To calculate the wall lateral deflection accurately, the effects of small strain nonlinearity, confining pressure, and the hysteresis loading/unloading loop developed during excavation are considered in the proposed numerical analysis. By comparing numerical results with measured ones, the importances of considering small strain nonlinearity and confining pressure reduction in the nonlinear (FEM) are emphasized. Also, the effects of wall stiffness on the performance of cylindrical diaphragm walls are studied for future similar excavation in the coastal area. 相似文献
8.
开孔沉箱孔洞周围存在以三轴循环应力为特征的复杂承载区，其中混凝土损伤速度远大于单轴应力条件，局部疲劳损伤快速累积使结构整体承载能力迅速下降。考虑迎浪面入射波浪与消浪室内反射波浪的循环作用，针对开孔区域复杂应力状态下的疲劳损伤问题，基于不可逆损伤力学发展的数值计算方法模拟开孔板疲劳过程，得到循环荷载作用下不同类型开孔板的损伤演化历程，并计算损伤后整体结构极限承载力大小，通过综合对比孔洞损伤发展规律和结构极限承载能力，建立了疲劳作用下开孔沉箱极限承载能力判断依据。现有规范依据设计使用年限、波浪条件、作用效应组合等确定材料与结构强度，但并未充分体现开孔结构的优势与承载特点，在此基础上文中补充了开孔结构的优化设计以及实际寿命判断。 相似文献
9.
Various offshore structures, especially large structures such as Tension Leg Platforms (TLP), are usually supported by concrete piles as the foundation elements. The stress distribution within such a large structure is a dominant factor in the design procedure of an offshore pile. To provide a more accurate and effective design for offshore foundation systems under axial and lateral wave loads, a finite element model is employed herein to determine the stresses and displacements in a concrete pile under similar loading conditions. A parametric study is also performed to examine the effects of the stress distribution due to the changing loading conditions. 相似文献
10.
MAO Jiang-hong XU Fang-yuan JIN Wei-liang ZHANG Jun WU Xi-xi CHEN Cai-sheng 《海洋工程》2018,32(2):179-188
The fatigue flexural performance of RC beams attacked by salt spray was studied. A testing method involving electro osmosis, electrical accelerated corrosion and salt spray was proposed. This corrosion process method effectively simulates real-world salt spray and fatigue loading exerted by RC components on sea bridges. Four RC beams that have different stress amplitudes were tested. It is found that deterioration by corrosion and fatigue loading reduces the fatigue life of the RC and decreases the ability of deformation. The fatigue life and deflection ability could be reduced by increasing the stress amplitude and the corrosion duration time. The test result demonstrates that this experimental method can couple corrosion deterioration and fatigue loading reasonably. This procedure may be applied to evaluate the fatigue life and concrete durability of RC components located in a natural salt spray environment. 相似文献
11.
Slender marine structures such as mooring lines and risers are susceptible to failures due to stress variations coming from environmental actions. Wave, wind and current are random phenomena, and consequently the most adequate methodology to estimate the fatigue damage accumulation on these structures is the probabilistic fatigue analysis. In practice, the estimation of fatigue life requires the numerical simulation of a huge number of loading cases to compute the multi-dimensional integral of the total fatigue damage.This paper presents an efficient approach to compute the long-term fatigue damage of marine structures. The proposed method needs only a few number of numerical simulations to estimate the structure fatigue life. It uses a parametric interpolation procedure to evaluate the fatigue damage for any individual short-term condition (sea state) required in the calculation of the multi-dimensional integral. In this way, the total number of short-term structural analyzes is considerably reduced.The effectiveness and accuracy of the proposed method is compared to the full direct integration by means of two comprehensive examples. The first studied case is an idealized theoretical model of a single-degree-of-freedom (SDOF) system under wave loading, and the second one is a Steel Catenary Riser (SCR) connected to a FPSO (Floating, Production, Storage and Offloading floating unit). 相似文献
12.
为了研究循环载荷作用下扶强材初始损伤对其极限强度的影响,进行了14组扶强材的循环加载试验和分析。构造了考虑材料累积损伤完整、断筋和大变形的扶强材单元极限承载力计算公式,提出了相应循环载荷作用下损伤扶强材单元的端缩曲线表达式和船体梁极限强度计算的简化逐步破坏法。编制了循环载荷作用下船体梁损伤极限强度计算程序,进行了船体梁极限强度计算,并与有限元结果进行对比。研究结果表明：改进的损伤扶强材模型可较为准确地描述扶强材材料损伤的完整、断筋和大变形的极限承载力退化情况,扶强材腹板断裂的损伤相较初始大变形及材料累积损伤形式承载力下降程度更明显;所提出的循环载荷作用下损伤船体梁极限强度计算的简化逐步迭代方法,能定量地计算扶强材在不同类型损伤下的极限承载力退化程度,具有较高精度,方便易行,可应用于工程设计。 相似文献
13.
Coastal protection is proposed to be made out of a contiguous caisson type of wall. These caissons can be designed to resist both lateral static and cyclic loading. With adequate depth of embedment, the walls can be designed to offer significant lateral passive resistance to counteract the lateral static and cyclic loading arising out of wave action. This article describes a set of laboratory tests on model caissons embedded into soft marine clay with different embedment depths. Specially designed earth pressure cells are embedded into the caisson at different depths. A pneumatic system was used to apply lateral static and cyclic loading. Test beds were prepared conforming to soft clay conditions in a test tank of appropriate size. The test results reveal that with this type of arrangement the variation in earth pressure with depth can be conveniently established. The earth pressure developed is related to the lateral load applied. The depth at which the maximum earth pressure occurs is same for both static and cyclic loading. Further, under cyclic loading there is no failure encountered even under cyclic loading level corresponding to 0.9 times the ultimate static lateral capacity. 相似文献
14.
浮式生产储油卸油船(FPSO)经历满载和卸载,油船试验和多变的波浪载荷.此时结构中较高的初始残余应力常常已被释放,很大程度上影响了此类结构疲劳强度估算准确性.应用三维弹塑性有限元方法模拟FPSO典型焊接接头的残余应力释放,并用试验数据进行验证.对结构在变幅循环载荷下的残余应力释放进行研究,得到相关的残余应力释放预报公式.从而为提高FPSO在实际载况下疲劳强度估算准确性提供有价值参考. 相似文献
15.
AbstractHollow cylinder torsional shear tests on loose isotropically and anisotropically consolidated calcareous sand were conducted to investigate the cyclic behavior under three different linear stress paths, including horizontal line, oblique line, and vertical line stress paths, in a coordinate system of the normal stress difference and the horizontal shear stress. The dominant strain components of the isotropically consolidated specimens are affected by the stress paths. With increasing consolidation stress ratio, axial strain gradually becomes the dominant strain component under the three different stress paths. The cyclic strength of the isotropically consolidated specimens under the three different stress paths are almost the same, while for the anisotropically consolidated specimens, the cyclic strengths are strongly affected by the stress paths. These results indicate that conventional cyclic triaxial tests may overestimate cyclic strength in some cases. Irrespective of the stress paths and cyclic stress ratios, the terminal residual excess pore pressure ratio decreases with increasing consolidation stress ratio. Moreover, an empirical equation is proposed to describe the relationship between the normalized shear work and the normalized residual excess pore pressure ratio. The comparative study reveals that the relationship proposed for silica sand is not suitable for the dynamic analyses of calcareous sand. 相似文献
16.
The procedure of assessment of structural fatigue strength of an offshore floating production and storage and offloading unit(FPSO) in this paper. The emphasis is placed on the long-term prediction of wave induced loading, the refined finite element model for hot spot stress calculation, the combination of stress components, and fatigue damage assessment based on S-N curve. 相似文献
17.
Steel catenary risers (SCR) connect seabed pipelines and flow lines to floating structures used for oil and gas production in deep waters. Waves and currents induce motions of the structure and the risers. The repeated motions of the risers at the touchdown zone in turn induce loads on the seabed soil and might eventually cause fatigue damage to the risers. The analysis of riser fatigue damage is heavily dependent on the soil model. Soil behaviour at touchdown zone such as soil remoulding, stiffness degradation and deformation of the seabed at the touchdown zone further complicate the accurate assessment of riser fatigue damage, which is currently not appropriately quantified in existing design methods. This paper presents centrifuge model tests simulating the repeated vertical movement of a length of riser on clay seabed with increasing undrained shear strength with depth. During the tests, the pipe was subject to cyclic motion over fixed vertical displacement amplitude from an invert embedment of 0.5-3.5 pipe diameters into the soil. The test results show a significant progressive degradation of soil strength and diminution of excess pore water pressure with increasing number of riser penetration/uplift cycle. In view of the different types of environment loadings experienced by floating platforms and various soil conditions, tests were also conducted to investigate the effect of soil strength, riser displacement rate and loading mode on riser-soil interaction during repetitive penetration/uplift motion of the riser. 相似文献
18.
A series of centrifuge tests were performed to investigate the response of a free-head monopile due to cyclic lateral loading in normally consolidated clay. By linking the maximum reaction-force point of the final cycles in all tests with various amplitudes, a postcyclic reaction-force curve is obtained, which can be used to assess the postcyclic remolded lateral stiffness. To numerically analyze the tests, a strength degradation model of the clay is calibrated by the T-bar cyclic test. However, this model is T-bar-dependent, which is unable to capture the degrading behavior of the monopile stiffness. Thus, a modification approach is proposed based on the upper bound theory, and the modified model is further combined with finite element analysis to simulate the cyclic behavior of the model pile. The simulation results show similar degrading trend and consistent postcyclic remolded lateral stiffness with the model tests. This further demonstrates that the remolded lateral stiffness mainly depends on the soil remolded strength, which is one of the parameters calibrated by the T-bar tests. Based on this finding, a simplified numerical analysis is proposed, which can predict the postcyclic reaction-force curve by performing one monotonic loading instead of modeling the whole process of cyclic loading. 相似文献
19.
A study on fatigue behavior of unbonded partially prestressed concrete beams is presented.Model tests have been carried out in static loading and cyclic compressive loading on 15 beams withflexure.The ratios of the lower limit to the upper limit of fatigue load are 0.5 and 0.3 respectively,and thefrequencies of cyclic loading are 8 Hz and 4.5 Hz respectively.The experimental results of the strains of theconcrete and steel bars,the deflection of test beams,and the crack width of normal section are analyzed.According to statistics and analysis of test results,the corresponding calculation models are developed andpresented. 相似文献
20.
基于EIFS和P-M的海底管道腐蚀疲劳寿命预测 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
鉴于腐蚀疲劳损伤的特殊性,研究了点蚀过程和腐蚀疲劳裂纹扩展过程。基于等效初始缺陷尺寸(EIFS)和线性累积损伤理论(P-M)方法,消除了点蚀形核、蚀坑生长及腐蚀疲劳短裂纹扩展对腐蚀疲劳寿命预测的影响;避免了基于单点蚀坑建立的腐蚀疲劳寿命预测表达式的弊端;合理地简化了随机荷载下腐蚀疲劳寿命的预测流程。利用现有试验数据,对基于EIFS和P-M方法建立的腐蚀疲劳寿命预测表达式进行了模型验证。结果显示,所提模型的有效性和合理性得到了验证,为工程实际中海底管道的腐蚀疲劳寿命预测提供了一种可行方法。 相似文献