共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 187 毫秒
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TIN模型通过从不规则分布的数据点生成的连续三角面来逼近地形表面,就表达地形信息的角度而言,TIN模型的优点是它能以不同层次的分辨率来描述地形表面。但在相关软件对离散数据生成TIN模型时会出现边缘失真现象,特别是当一些离散数据出现凹区域时,凹区域地形逼近失真现象相当明显。而在这些凹区域大多生成的三角网以钝角三角形居多,本文对离散数据TIN模型生成DEM时存在凹区域地形逼近失真现象进行了研究。提出一种大钝角剖分与最小二乘法约束迭代算法优化TIN模型。首先对原始TIN模型中大于100°小于1800的钝角三角形进行遍历记录,然后利用最小二乘法约束迭代算法进行优化,通过此算法优化后的TIN模型生成DEM数据,分别从小区域面积稳定性与剖面拟合实际地形进行了试验与精度对比,试验显示这种算法是可行的。 相似文献
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不规则三角网TIN是按地形特征采集的点根据一定规则连接成覆盖整个区域且互不重叠的许多三角形构成一个不规则三角网。DEM不是地表的高保真描述，TIN才是地表高保真描述，为此在生产地形数据时都由使用DEM改为使用TIN。真正射影像图生产更是只能使用TIN：地物数据用作特征线也通过TIN对地形表达做贡献。 相似文献
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基于TIN的土方量计算,是依靠变形观测点建立三角网,利用地形表面TIN模型和设计表面TIN模型的叠加,求出在两个表面上对应的三角形单元所夹土方量,通过土方量的大小来间接地反映地面总体沉降情况,以便采用相应的预防措施。以土方量作为研究对象,选用泊松曲线模型对所得土方量数据进行拟合,建立预测模型,并进行精度评定。通过研究发现,该方法能较好地反映地面总体整体沉降情况,可以在地面产生不均匀沉降时,探求地面沉降变化的规律性。 相似文献
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传统地形TIN离散、独立的三角形结构限制了空间实体、空间关系的表达能力,分析和操作也比较困难,应用大多限制在可视化、渲染和光照分析等方面。由于不可能通过简单地扩展和改进现有模型来满足TIN中对空间实体关系表达的需求,从面向对象的角度出发,利用单纯剖分理论对TIN进行了实体划分和拓扑建模,使TIN具有了地理对象结构从而能够进行地理实体的表达与分析,建立了对象化不规则三角网(OTIN)与Euler示性数方向模型(EDM),使得TIN不但可以较好地表达地形起伏信息,还具有实体性和对象性,便于进行空间查询与分析。 相似文献
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一、引言
数字高程模型（DEM）是进行3维空间数据处理,地形分析和进行三维视景仿真的核心数据。DEM常用TIN和GRID2种数据结构形式描述,其中,TIN由于具有可变的分辨率,精度高,能较好地表现不规则地貌的形态特征,因而具有非常广泛的用途。但一般情况下,地形本身的数据量很大,当需要实现对地形的多分辨率显示时,便需要对地形数据进行简化,以得到不同分辨率的地形模型。因此,如何在保持一定精度的前提下,对原数据模型进行简化,以减少数据量,消除数据冗余便成为人们关心的一个焦点,本文对该问题进行了研究,通过删除简化地形描述误差小于阈值的点,并对局部三角网进行Delaunay最优三角剖分,从而达到简化的目的,该算法能较好地保留地形特征点,使简化后的地形与原地形保持最大的相似性。最后,利用试验对本文算法进行了验证。 相似文献
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TIN模型在温度场研究中的应用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
论述了TIN模型在表达区域温度分布状况中的应用,并着重介绍了应用中涉及到的各种算法。采用将连续的空间区域离散化,以点温度值代替微小面元温度的方法来表达区域温度状况。将温度特征点通过Delaunay三角剖分方法生成TIN三角网来对区域温度场进行建模,从而通过内插方法来获取区域各位置的温度值,并在生成的三角网基础上生成等温线和区域温度颜色渐变图来形象、直观反映区域温度状况。为了考察应用效果,作者在成都理工大学主校区进行实地检验,采集了15个温度特征点,通过编程来实现对采样点进行TIN三角网的构建、等温线和区域温度图的生成。实验的结果表明TIN模型在温度场中的应用效果良好。 相似文献
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针对目前的三角网切割效率不高的问题,该文提出了一种网格拓扑关系搜索的三角网模型切割方法。利用三角网模型中三角形的索引和顶点索引,构建边的索引,从而构建点索引、边索引和三角形索引之间的拓扑关系,最终形成三维模型的"边-顶点-邻接三角形的拓扑关系"。根据当前屏幕范围,提取三维视景体内的三角形,利用GPU并行运算,快速获取离视点最近的三角形索引,从而获取到所有三角网中的第一层三角网,并根据拓扑关系提取边界三角形,再利用基于边的约束对边界三角形进行重新剖分。实验结果表明,该方法可以快速准确地完成离视点最近的三角网模型表面的切割。 相似文献
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基于点删除的地形TIN 连续LOD模型的建立和实时动态显示 总被引：6，自引：1，他引：6
介绍了一种对于地形不规则三角网(TIN)建立层次细节(LOD)模型和实时动态显示的方法按照给定的条件通过重复执行顶点删除和局部三角化，对TIN中的点和三角形数据结构进行调整，建立地形TIN的连续LOD模型。在显示的过程中，根据视点的远近从上述LOD模型自适应地获取和显示所需三角形，实现地形TIN的实时动态显示。 相似文献
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关于以约束Delaunay三角网剖分模型为基础的地图综合的研究,已经有了很多成熟的算法理论,但在应用中这些模型算法建立的约束性Delaunay三角网都比较复杂,并且在动态更新上,这些模型在实际应用中存在一定的困难。基于此问题,本文提出了以地类图斑多边形为数据源,利用Arcob jects建立TIN模型,从中获取内部约束性Delaunay三角网并提取骨架线,利用骨架线进行剖分多边形,达到图斑多边形融合的目的,来解决大比例尺到小比例尺数据转换中地类图斑的制图综合问题。 相似文献
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An enhanced approach for surface flow routing over drainage‐constrained triangulated irregular networks 
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下载免费PDF全文 The accuracy and efficiency of the simulations in distributed hydrological models must depend on the proper estimation of flow directions and paths. Numerous studies have been carried out to delineate the drainage patterns based on gridded digital elevation models (DEMs). The triangulated irregular network (TIN) has been increasingly applied in hydrological applications due to the advantages of high storage efficiency and multi‐scale adaptive performance. Much of the previous literature focuses mainly on filling the depressions on gridded DEMs rather than treating the special cases in TIN structures, which has hampered its applications to hydrological models. This study proposes a triangulation‐based solution for the removal of flat areas and pits to enhance the simulation of flow routing on triangulated facet networks. Based on the drainage‐constrained TIN generated from only a gridded DEM by the compound point extraction (CPE) method, the inconsistent situations including flat triangles, V‐shape flat edges and sink nodes are respectively identified and rectified. The optimization algorithm is an iterative process of TIN reconstruction, in which the flat areas are generalized into their center points and the pits are rectified by embedding break lines. To verify the proposed algorithm and investigate the potential for flow routing, flow paths of steepest descent are derived by the vector‐based tracking algorithm based on the optimized TIN. A case study of TIN optimization and flow path tracking was performed on a real‐world DEM. The outcomes indicate that the proposed approach can effectively solve the problem of inconsistencies without a significant loss in accuracy of the terrain model. 相似文献
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With the widespread use of tag clouds, multiple map-based variations have been proposed. Like standard tag clouds (also called word clouds), these ‘tag maps’ all share the basic strategy of displaying words within a ‘geographic space’ and scaling the word size to depict frequency (or importance) of those words within some dataset. While some tag maps simply plot a standard tag cloud on top of a map, the subset of tag maps we focus on here are those in which the collection of words are displayed within bounded geographic regions (often of irregular shape) that the words are relevant for. For this form of tag map, map scale and polygon shape add constraints to word size and position that have not been considered in most prior approaches to tag map word layout. In this paper, we present a layout strategy for tag map generation that includes consideration of the shape and size of the geographical regions acting as containers for the tags. The method introduced here uses a triangulated irregular network (TIN) to subdivide the geographical region into many triangle subareas, with the centroid of each triangle being a potential location to centre a tag on. All the triangles are sorted by their area and all the tags are sorted by their weight value (e.g. frequency, importance or popularity). Positioning of tags is undertaken sequentially from most important (or frequent or popular) with potential locations being the TIN triangle centroids (tried from largest to smallest triangle). After each tag placement, the TIN is recalculated to integrate the tag centroid and bounding corners into the TIN creation. The limited whitespace in the geographical region, at any specific scale, is used fully by dynamically adjusting the font size along with the number and the direction of tags. The method can be applied to add tags within geographic polygons that are convex, concave and other more complex regions containing holes or islands. 相似文献
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针对边坡的台阶状地形特征是露天矿地形表达的关键和难点问题,该文基于边坡台阶要素的空间关系建立边坡层次关系模型,采用一种逐层加入扩展点和约束线的方法生成扩展约束TIN模型,将某露天煤矿作为实验区,实现了露天矿DEM的动态建模。结果表明:提高了边坡坡面的层级可视化效果,保持了地形结构的完整性,实现了边坡实体单元的分层次表达,能够获得不同水平层次的DEM数据。基于边坡特征分析的分层约束方法为露天矿DEM的构建提供了一种思路,可为边坡监测、灾变分析和灾情预测等领域提供精确的地形数据。 相似文献
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This paper reports an investigation into the generalization of a grid-based digital elevation model (DEM) for the purpose of terrain analysis. The focus is on the method of restructuring the grid-based surface elevation data to form a triangulated irregular network (TIN) that is optimized to keep the important terrain features and slope morphology with the minimum number of sample points. The critical points of the terrain surface are extracted from the DEM based on their significance, measured not only by their local relief, but also by their importance in identifying inherent geomorphological and drainage features in the DEM. A compound method is proposed by integrating the traditional point-additive and feature-point methods to construct a drainage-constrained TIN. The outcome is then compared with those derived from other selected methods including filtering, point-additive or feature-point algorithms. The results show that the compound approach is capable of taking advantage of both point-additive and feature-point algorithms to maximally keep the terrain features and to maintain RMSE at an acceptable level, while reducing the elevation data points by over 99%. The analytical result also shows that the proposed method outperforms the compared methods with better control in retaining drainage features at the same level of RMSE. 相似文献
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基于球面投影的单站地面激光扫描点云构网方法 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
为正确判断点与点之间的邻接关系，结合单站地面激光扫描点云数据的特性，提出了利用球面投影对其构建三角网的方法；讨论了球面Delaunay构网方法的若干细节；采用球面有向搜索和球面LOP局部优化算法，提高了构网时间效率；实验表明本方法能快速、有效的对单站激光扫描点云构网。相似文献
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机载LiDAR点云数据滤波是获取高精度数字高程模型的关键,也是目前LiDAR点云数据处理领域研究的重点和难点之一。提出了基于渐进三角网的机载LiDAR点云数据滤波方法,首先以规则格网和不规则三角网组织数据,采用区域分块法或数学形态学法选取种子地面点建立初始稀疏三角网,通过不断向上加密三角网提取地面点。试验结果表明,该算... 相似文献