共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 421 毫秒
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通过模型振动台试验和数值仿真,对适用于高层建筑结构的大吨位摩擦摆隔震支座在不同地震荷载工况下的动力响应和隔震性能进行了深入研究,试验模型的力学及承载性能在不同地震动水准下保持较好,且随着输入激励的增大,支座耗能能力逐渐提高,减隔震效果逐渐增强。隔震支座的数值模拟结果和振动台试验结果吻合良好,取得了较好的模拟效果。在此基础上,选取一复杂高层建筑结构作为研究对象,进行了不同地震波小震和大震激励作用下的动力响应分析,通过对比设置隔震支座与未设置隔震支座的计算结果,总结了高层建筑结构的动力响应规律。结果表明:(1)摩擦摆隔震支座耗能能力随着地震作用的增大而增强;(2)不同类型地震波作用对复杂高层建筑结构的响应明显不同:长周期地震波作用下结构响应明显比普通地震波作用下的结果大,且长周期地震波对结构位移响应的影响较加速度明显;(3)摩擦摆隔震支座对复杂高层建筑结构的地震反应有较为理想的隔震效果,不同地震波作用下结构响应的隔震效果有所不同,且不同响应之间的隔震效果也不相同,位移响应的隔震效果明显大于加速度的隔震效果。 相似文献
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《地震工程与工程振动》2016,(2)
滑动摩擦隔震支座具有良好的耗能能力、较大水平位移能力和较好的耐久性能,为桥梁减隔震设计提供了一种新方法。本文针对分别安装有单球面摩擦摆支座、双凹面摩擦摆支座、多球面滑动摩擦支座的3种隔震桥梁模型开展了振动台试验研究。通过观察和量测模型桥梁位移、加速度等反应,得出采用3种滑动摩擦支座的隔震桥梁反应特性和隔震效果。由此可知,滑动摩擦隔震支座能有效减小地震对桥梁上部结构的影响,滑动摩擦隔震支座的自振周期与桥梁上部结构无关,只与支座摩擦系数和等效曲率半径相关。 相似文献
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将凯威特网壳结构的固定支座设置成隔震支座，分别采用弹簧支座和粘弹阻尼支座对结构进行了隔震控制。在有控和无控状态下，计算了凯威特网壳结构的自振频率，初步分析了凯威特网壳结构的隔震控制机理。分别在常遇和罕遇各三种地震作用下，对网壳结构进行了时程分析，对网壳结构的最大水平位移、隔震支座的最大水平位移、最大支座反力和网壳结构的杆件轴力进行了数值计算。研究结果表明：两种隔震装置均有效地控制了凯威特网壳结构的支座反力和杆件轴力，粘弹阻尼支座还明显地减少了隔震支座的水平位移和隔震结构的水平位移。隔震方法对于大跨网壳结构的减振是有效的。 相似文献
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作者在钢管混凝土柱支座隔震房屋实验研究中发现,隔震支座中上盖与底座的接触无论如何处理,摩擦力总是存在的。因此,隔震支座实际是摩擦耗能与钢管混凝土耗能复合减震系统。本文通过对单个和一组隔震支座的实验研究,确定了短柱支座的恢复力模型,采用了高阶单步算法分析了装有此类支座隔震结构的地震反应,验证了复合隔震支座的良好的隔震性能及隔震效果。 相似文献
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摩擦-钢管混凝土短柱复合隔震支座性能试验与隔震分析 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
作者在钢管混凝土柱支座隔震房屋实验研究中发现,隔震支座中上盖与底座的接触无论如何处理,摩擦力总是存在的．因此,隔震支座实际上是摩擦耗能与钢管混凝土耗能复合减震系统。本文通过对单个和一组隔震支座的实验研究,确定了短柱支座的恢复力模型,采用了高阶单步算法分析了装有此类支座隔震结构的地震反应,验证了复合隔震支座良好的隔震性能及隔震效果。 相似文献
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大尺寸超弹性形状记忆合金(Shape Memory Alloy,简称SMA)螺旋弹簧是一种可用于结构减振控制的阻尼器。然而,迄今为止这种超弹性阻尼器在土木工程结构隔震领域的研究较少。本文提出了一种SMA弹簧-摩擦支座(SMA Spring-Friction Bearing,简称SFB)并研究了其隔震性能。首先,在考虑材料内部相变过程的SMA本构关系模型的基础上,针对超弹性SMA弹簧的恢复力性能建立了一种便于工程应用的新的宏观现象模型。随后,推导了SFB隔震结构体系运动方程,利用MATLAB程序进行了结构地震响应的数值模拟。最后,将SFB隔震体系的地震响应与具有相同结构参数的纯摩擦支座(Pure Friction Bearing,简称PFB)隔震体系和摩擦摆(Friction Pendulum System,简称FPS)隔震体系的地震响应进行了对比分析。研究结果表明,SFB对上部结构具有良好的加速度减振效果,同时,该支座较其它两种滑动支座在降低隔震层位移峰值响应和抑制隔震支座残余位移两方面具有明显的优势。 相似文献
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复合隔震结构模型振动台试验研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
作者对一个二层复合隔震结构钢框架模型进行了振动台试验,该模型采用夹层橡胶支座与摩擦滑移支座并联组合作为隔震层,既能提供足够的弹性恢复力,又具有良好的结构耗能能力。试验测得结构各项动力响应,并将软件计算数据与试验数据进行了比较,结果表明复合隔震结构的加速度反应小,楼层层间位移也较小,上部结构基本为平动,结构耗能能力显著,而且软件可以很好地模拟结构的地震反应规律。 相似文献
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通过对5种不同支座布置方案的组合基础隔震结构施加不同场地条件下的双向水平地震波,研究了场地类别和地震波加速度峰值及支座布置方式对结构总输入能量的影响,并进行了耗能分析。结果表明,随着地震波峰值的增大,结构总输入能量增大;相同地震峰值条件下,场地土越软,总的输入能量越大;组合隔震结构应用于软土场地时隔震层滞回耗能比更大,隔震效果更好;组合隔震结构两种支座中选择分散布置方案时,隔震层耗能比更大,隔震效果优于支座集中布置方案。 相似文献
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Gtz Schroth Luciana Ferreira Da Silva Marc‐Andree Wolf Wenceslau Geraldes Teixeira Wolfgang Zech 《水文研究》1999,13(10):1423-1436
The partitioning of rain water into throughfall, stemflow and interception loss when passing through plant canopies depends on properties of the respective plant species, such as leaf area and branch angles. In heterogeneous vegetation, such as tropical forest or polycultural systems, the presence of different plant species may consequently result in a mosaic of situations with respect to quantity and quality of water inputs into the soil. As these processes influence not only the water availability for the plants, but also water infiltration and nutrient leaching, the understanding of plant effects on the repartitioning of rain water may help in the optimization of land use systems and management practices. We measured throughfall and stemflow in a perennial polyculture (multi‐strata agroforestry), monocultures of peach palm (Bactris gasipaes) for fruit and for palmito, a monoculture of cupuaçu (Theobroma grandiflorum), spontaneous fallow and primary forest during one year in central Amazonia, Brazil. The effect on rain water partitioning was measured separately for four useful tree species in the polyculture and for two tree species in the primary forest. Throughfall at two stem distances, and stemflow, differed significantly between tree species, resulting in pronounced spatial patterns of water input into the soil in the polyculture system. For two tree species, peach palm for fruit (Bactris gasipaes) and Brazil nut trees (Bertholletia excelsa), the water input into the soil near the stem was significantly higher than the open‐area rainfall. This could lead to increased nutrient leaching when fertilizer is applied close to the stem of these trees. In the primary forest, such spatial patterns could also be detected, with significantly higher water input near a palm (Oenocarpus bacaba) than near a dicotyledonous tree species (Eschweilera sp.). Interception losses were 6·4% in the polyculture, 13·9 and 12·3% in the peach palm monocultures for fruit and for palmito, respectively, 0·5% in the cupuaçu monoculture and 3·1% in the fallow. With more than 20% of the open‐area rainfall, the highest stemflow contributions to the water input into the soil were measured in the palm monocultures and in the fallow. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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M. N. French R. L. Bras W. F. Krajewski 《Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment (SERRA)》1992,6(1):27-45
A procedure for short-term rainfall forecasting in real-time is developed and a study of the role of sampling on forecast ability is conducted. Ground level rainfall fields are forecasted using a stochastic space-time rainfall model in state-space form. Updating of the rainfall field in real-time is accomplished using a distributed parameter Kalman filter to optimally combine measurement information and forecast model estimates. The influence of sampling density on forecast accuracy is evaluated using a series of a simulated rainfall events generated with the same stochastic rainfall model. Sampling was conducted at five different network spatial densities. The results quantify the influence of sampling network density on real-time rainfall field forecasting. Statistical analyses of the rainfall field residuals illustrate improvement in one hour lead time forecasts at higher measurement densities. 相似文献
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M. A. Kahn 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2000,28(2):95-101
Red tide, a recurrent phenomenon has become conspicuous in several Kashmir lake ecosystems since 1991. The responsible organism (Euglena pedunculata), a rare flagellate rediscovered in the Kashmir Himalaya (Khan 1993) caused first and unprecedented red tide outbreak, constituting a maximum of 96% of resident numerical phytoplankton density in Dal Lake. At present, conflicting hypotheses exist on the generation of causal assemblage(s) imparting redness to waters: Jeeji Bai (1991) linked its origin to acid precipitation – a fallout of burning oil‐fields during the Gulf War – whilst Khan (1993) holds local factor(s) responsible. Field/experimental studies support the latter contention that the influx of untreated sewage, in unison with warm temperatures, high levels of PhAR, iron and interruption to hydrological flow‐pattern together with absence/or reduction in grazing activity created conducive environmental milieu for red tide outbreak. Dal Lake “red tide” drifted the bloom‐inoculum to other waters, including Lake Wular, where additional ecological niches were carved out, threatening the aesthetic value and biological diversity of Kashmir lakes. Ecological monitoring indicates frequent seasonal red tide occurrence in Dal Lake (including summer‐autumn event of 1998) which testifies its unabated eutrophication status. Further studies are needed on ecological adaptability and biogeographic distribution of this rare and unique red tide‐causing flagellate. 相似文献