共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
三峡库区广泛分布侏罗系红砂岩, 在水库运行期间红砂岩的渗流-应力耦合特性关乎库区内多数滑坡和岩质边坡的稳定性。借助岩石多场耦合三轴试验系统, 对三峡库区侏罗系红砂岩开展了不同围压、不同渗透压下的三轴压缩试验, 系统研究了红砂岩的三轴压缩力学特性和渗透率演化特征。研究结果表明: ①红砂岩的峰前应力-应变曲线可分为孔隙压密阶段、弹性变形阶段、微裂隙稳定发展阶段和非稳定发展阶段。红砂岩的力学参数与渗透压的关系呈负相关, 与围压呈正相关。②随着围压升高, 红砂岩的破坏模式由张拉破坏过渡到剪切破坏。③不同渗透压下, 渗透率曲线呈平稳发展→缓慢上升→快速上升3阶段演化规律; 不同围压下, 渗透率曲线先降低后升高。④从能量角度分析了渗透压和围压对岩石的作用, 验证了渗流对岩石的劣化效应以及围压对裂纹发展的抑制作用。本试验对鲜有报道的侏罗系红砂岩的强度、变形和渗透特性做了系统的研究, 对渗流-应力耦合课题有补充意义。其工况根据三峡库区边坡岩体的应力水平来确定, 试验结果对分析库区边坡稳定性具有指导意义。 相似文献
2.
Deformation and failure mechanism of phyllite under the effects of THM coupling and unloading 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Although the study of TM(Thermo Mechanics),HM(Hydraulic-Mechanics) and THM(Thermo-Hydraulic-Mechanics) coupling under a loading test have been under development,rock failure analysis under THM coupling and unloading is an emerging topic.Based on a high temperature triaxial unloading seep test for phyllite,this paper discusses the deformation and failure mechanism of phyllites under the "H M,T→H,T→M" incomplete coupling model with unloading conditions.The results indicate that the elastic modulus and initial permeability decrease and the Poisson’s ratio increases with increasing temperature;the elastic modulus decreases and the Poisson’s ratio and initial permeability increase with increasing water pressure.During the unloading process,rock penetrability is small at the initial elastic deformation phase,but the penetrability increases near the end of the elastic deformation phase;mechanisms involving temperature and water pressure affect penetrability differently.Phyllite failure occurs from the initial thermal damage of the rock materials,splitting and softening(which is caused by pore water pressure),and the pressure difference which is formed from the loading axial pressure and unloading confining pressure.The phyllite failure mechanism is a transtensional(tension-shearing) failure. 相似文献
3.
In this study, the undrained behaviour of silt under low stress level is studied. An effective preparation method for built—in
silt samples in the triaxial test was firstly developed. By triaxial testing of samples at low confining pressures it was
found that silt easily loses stability and liquefies. Loose silt may show temporary liquefaction under static loading, and
develop full liquefaction under cyclic loading. The most important factors influencing the silt behaviour are porosity, confining
pressure, consolidation state, cyclic loading level and number of cycles. The maximum obtainable shear stress is primarily
a function of the confining pressure and the internal frictional angle. The actual structure of the silt material is the key
factor in controlling its behaviour. 相似文献
4.
库岸滑坡受到库水升降作用影响, 内部渗透压力会产生周期性的变化。动态渗透压力会导致滑带结构与强度产生劣化, 进而影响滑坡整体稳定性。为揭示滑带在渗透作用下的结构演变特征, 通过室内渗流试验结合CT扫描技术获取了黄土坡滑坡滑带在不同渗流条件下的细观结构特征, 采用Avizo软件量化滑带细观结构参数, 定量分析了不同渗透条件下滑带结构的演变规律。结果表明, 滑带的渗透系数随渗流时长的增加而呈指数形式下降, 且水力梯度越大最终试样的渗透系数越小; 连续的CT重构图像显示渗流过程中部分黏土团聚体发生解体, 大孔隙被附近的细颗粒逐渐充填, 试样结构的宏观均一性增强; 统计数据表明滑带土的表观孔隙率由5%下降到了1%, 等效直径小于80 μm的孔隙占比随渗流时长的增加而增多, 而等效直径大于80 μm的孔隙占比随渗流时长的增加而减少。结果证明周期性渗透作用会影响滑带内孔隙结构的分布特征, 细观上表现为大孔隙被小颗粒充填, 导致渗流通道变得细长而弯曲, 孔隙的有效连通性被削弱, 宏观上表现为渗透系数随渗流时长的增加而降低。 相似文献
5.
包括恐龙化石在内的古生物化石是重要的地质遗迹,是研究生物进化的最重要资料。该文从物理力学角度,通过数值试验模拟分析围压和轴压作用下对恐龙化石强度和破坏特性的影响效果。试验结果表明:不同埋深时围压对含有不同角度裂隙化石应力影响较大,随着埋深增加,含有裂隙化石的应力大幅增大。在围压与轴压共同作用时,埋深对开裂角的影响较小,而随埋深增大时极限载荷也随之增大。同时,在不同埋深下开裂角随裂隙角度的变化趋势一致,均随着裂隙角度的增大而减小;而极限载荷随裂隙角度的变化趋势一致。 相似文献
6.
Undrained behaviour of sand under low cell pressure was studied in static and cyclic triaxial tests. It was found that very loose sand liquefies under static loading with the relative density being a key parameter for the undrained behaviour of sand. In cyclic triaxial tests, pore water pressures built up during the cyclic loading and exceeded the confining cell pressure. This process was accompanied by a large sudden increase in axial deformation. The necessary number of cycles to obtain liquefaction was related to the confining cell pressure, the amplitude of cyclic loading and the relative density of sand. In addition, the patterns of pore water pressure response are different from those of sand samples with different relative densities. The test results are very useful for expounding scour mechanism around coastal structures since they relate to the low stress behaviour of the sand. 相似文献
7.
The construction of a high-speed railway (HSR) in Southwest China is being hindered by a severe shortage of high-quality subgrade materials. However, red mudstone is widely distributed in the Sichuan Basin of China. The ability to use weathered red mudstone (WRM) to fill subgrade beds by controlling its critical stress and cumulative strain would enable substantial savings in project investments and mitigate damage to the ecological environment. To better understand the dynamic behaviour of WRM, both monotonic and cyclic triaxial tests were performed. The evolution of the cumulative strain vs. increased loading cycles was measured. The influences of confining pressure and loading cycles on the dynamic modulus, damping ratio, critical cyclic stress ratio (CSR), and dynamic stress level (DSL) were investigated. The relationship between the CSR and loading cycles under different failure strain criteria (0.1%-1.0%) was analysed. The prediction model of cumulative strain was also evaluated. The results indicated that the shear strength of WRM sufficiently meets the static strength requirements of subgrade. The critical dynamic stress of WRM can thus satisfy the dynamic stress-bearing requirement of the HSR subgrade. The critical CSR decreases and displays a power function with increasing confining pressure. As the confining pressure increases, the DSL remains relatively stable, ranging between 0.153 and 0.163. Furthermore, the relationship between the dynamic strength and loading cycles required to cause failure was established. Finally, a newly developed model for determining cumulative strain was established. A prediction exercise showed that the model is in good agreement with the experimental data. 相似文献
8.
《山地科学学报》2019,(12)
During the constructions of motorways and high-speed railway lines in the Yanji Basin, large amounts of excess mudstones due to the enormous tunnel excavations and slope cuts would be deposited as landfills. Assessing the deformation and permeability of Yanji mudstone became important for the design, construction and operation of the landfills.This paper presents an experimental study on the deformation and permeability of Yanji mudstone by carrying out a series of oedometer tests with loading/unloading cycles. The results show that the sample with a lower initial water content exhibited greater swelling deformation after inundation, a lower yield stress, greater deformation and a higher hydraulic conductivity during the loading/unloading cycles. As the number of loading/unloading cycles increased, the yield stress and accumulated plastic deformation increased, while the compression index,rebound index and hydraulic conductivity decreased.The samples became stiffer and their hydromechanical behaviour tended to be stable after three cycles. The compression curves could be divided into pre-yield and post-yield zones. The post-yield zones of compression curves and the rebound curves could be normalized into a unique line, and the pre-yield zones of the compression curves could be described as lines.Basic equations were developed to predict mudstone deformation under cyclic loading and unloading.Additionally, an empirical relationship between the hydraulic conductivity and void ratio was also proposed. The ability of the proposed methods was verified by the overall good agreement between the experimental results and predicted values. 相似文献
9.
水可动性是影响煤层气产出的重要因素,分析孔渗对水可动性的作用对鸡西盆地煤层气开发具有重要意义。以鸡西盆地不同矿区主力煤层为研究对象,开展了低场核磁共振（NMR）及渗透率实验,同时,结合称重测定煤样含水饱和度的方法,分析了煤层孔渗特征对煤中水可动性的影响。结果表明:①研究区煤样中吸附孔较为发育,平均占比为58.36%;渗流孔和裂隙发育程度相当,平均占比分别为21.23%和20.41%,且两者之间连通性较好;②确定了煤样达到束缚水状态的离心力为1.38 MPa,此压力下煤中可排出半径约0.1 μm半开放或开放孔隙中的可动水。煤样可动水饱和度为27.84%~60.87%,平均值37.86%;束缚水饱和度为39.13%~72.16%,平均值62.14%,可动水含量相对束缚水含量较低。随着离心压力的增加,可动水首先沿着大裂隙流动,随后经过渗流孔流出,束缚水主要存在于吸附孔中,需要克服较大的毛细管阻力,难以流动;③尽管煤样变质程度相近,但其内部水的可动性及赋存状态存在明显差异,这可能是造成同一区块不同煤层气井气水产出差异的原因之一;④研究区煤中半径>1 000 nm段孔喉越发育、煤岩渗透率越大,煤的可动水饱和度越高,水在其中越容易流出;煤中半径0~100 nm段孔喉越发育,煤的可动水饱和度越低,水在其中被束缚而难以流动。 相似文献
10.
Effect of Freeze-Thaw Cycles on Mechanical Properties and Permeability of Red Sandstone under Triaxial Compression 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
Geological disasters will happen in cold regions because of the effects of freeze-thaw cycles on rocks or soils, so studying the effects of these cycles on the mechanical characteristics and permeability properties of rocks is very important. In this study,red sandstone samples were frozen and thawed with 0,4, 8 and 12 cycles, each cycle including 12 h of freezing and 12 h of thawing. The P-wave velocities of these samples were measured, and the mechanical properties and evolution of the steady-state permeabilities were investigated in a series of uniaxial and triaxial compression tests. Experimental results show that, with the increasing of cyclic freeze-thaw times, the P-wave velocity of the red sandstone decreases. The number of freeze-thaw cycles has a significant influence on the uniaxial compressive strength, elastic modulus, cohesion, and angle of internal friction. The evolution of permeability of the rock samples after cycles of freeze-thaw in a complete stress-strain process under triaxial compression is closely related to the variation of the microstructure in the rock. There is a highly corresponding relationship between volumetric strain and permeability with axial strain in all stages of the stress-strain behaviour. 相似文献
11.
基于两相流低渗油藏合理注采井距确定方法 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
目前确定低渗油藏合理注采井距的方法,主要以启动压力梯度为判断基础,而实际生产过程中两相渗流阻力也有影响.从渗流力学出发,考虑非活塞驱替两相流及启动压力梯度,分别以油相区、油水两相区及纯水区的渗流数学表达式为基础,得出基于两相渗流低渗油藏合理注采井距的新方法,并通过实例计算与结果对比证实其理论的合理性与可靠性.实例计算得出注采压差为40.0MPa,渗透率为1.0×10-3μm2时油藏合理注采井距为130m.考虑两相渗流确定的合理注采井距随渗透率增大而增大,但增长幅度随渗透率的增大而减缓,且渗透率与井距呈近似幂函数关系;随渗透率增大,新旧方法确定的井距相差越来越大,因此计算合理注采井距时,应考虑启动压力梯度与油水两相渗流阻力共同作用,以使其计算结果更加合理可靠. 相似文献
12.
碳酸盐岩声波传播特征具有重要的应用价值,系统性地分析流体类型、流体压力、温度及围压对碳酸盐岩声波速度与频谱特性影响的研究仍需加强。选取四川盆地合川-潼南地区灯影组缝洞碳酸盐岩,开展了不同条件下的声波透射实验,分析了围压、孔隙压力、压力差、温度及流体类型对碳酸盐岩样品声波速度的影响及不同条件下透射声波的主频特征。研究结果表明:饱和地层水时声波速度对压力变化的敏感度较饱和氮气时低。压力变化过程中,声波速度变化幅度与岩样孔隙度为正相关关系。实验温度范围内,随着温度逐渐升高,饱和地层水、氮气岩心纵波速度、横波速度均小幅降低。当差应力较低时,通过改变孔隙压力来改变差应力的方式对应的声波速度大于通过改变围压来改变差应力方式对应的声波速度,当差应力较高时,结论相反。相同差应力条件下,声波速度对围压变化较孔隙压力变化更为敏感。定围压变孔隙压力与定孔压变围压曲线所对应的2条声波速度-差应力关系曲线的夹角及斜率差可定性反映岩样动态Biot有效应力系数相对大小。随着差应力增大,孔隙压力对有效应力的贡献逐渐降低。随着孔隙压力增大,纵波主频幅值、横波主频幅值均逐渐下降,随着围压增大,纵波主频幅值、横波主频幅值均逐渐增大,随着温度逐渐升高,纵波主频幅值、横波主频幅值均逐渐增大。研究结果有助于基于测井声波信息开展碳酸盐岩地层孔隙压力预测相关理论研究及工程应用。 相似文献
13.
The ruckburst of granite from Kailuan coal mine was reproduced by a new triaxial experimental system.The experimental results show that the rockburst process can be divided into four stages including calm period,grain ejection,sheet cracking and entire collapse.The rockburst intensity is classified by the ratio of maximum principal stress to uniaxial compressive strength.Three types of rockburst for the granite have been defined as delayed rockburst,normal rockburst,and instantaneous rockburst,according to the duration from suddenly unloading to rockburst occurring.Primary mechanism for the granite was studied. 相似文献
14.
Rockburst disasters in coal mine 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
Manchao HE 《世界地质(英文版)》2006,9(2)
The ruckburst of granite from Kailuan coal mine was reproduced by a new triaxial experimental system. The experimental results show that the rockburst process can be divided into four stages including calm period, grain ejection, sheet cracking and entire collapse. The rockburst intensity is classified by the ratio of maximum principal stress to uniaxial compressive strength. Three types of rockburst for the granite have been defined as delayed rockburst, normal rockburst, and instantaneous rockburst, according to the duration from suddenly unloading to rockburst occurring. Primary mechanism for the granite was studied. 相似文献
15.
Chun-liang Dong Guang-ming Zhao Xiao-yu Lu Xiang-rui Meng Ying-ming Li Xiang Cheng 《山地科学学报》2018,15(5):1115-1128
The unloading effect of the excavation of deep roadways has been considerably studied, but most research methods have been limited to numerical simulations and field measurements. Only a few have adopted experimental methods for similar simulations. On the basis of the theory of mechanics, the testing system is designed considering initial geostress and dynamic unloading. The system includes an impact unloading gear and in-situ stress loading equipment, and a designed three-link structure and the impact hammer can effectively realize the dynamic excavation of roadways. Meanwhile, a cyclic excavation similar simulation experiment on a deep roadway is conducted in a laboratory. The testing system and the relevant monitoring facilities are utilized, and the unloading effect inside the surrounding rock under the cyclic dynamic excavation is studied. Results show that the cyclic dynamic excavation causes significant unloading only in the nearby rock mass, and the unloading indicators show nonlinear changes. Moreover, when the lateral pressure coefficient is 1.2, the damage is concentrated on both roadsides due to the excavation unloading. Meanwhile, the damage gradually decays as the span increases. 相似文献
16.
低渗储层中启动压力梯度导致流体渗流规律呈现非线性特征,使得低渗储层的开发方式与中高渗储层不同。为了研究新立油田低渗储层中的非线性渗流现象,以新立油田天然低渗岩心为研究对象,通过精密压力测试多孔介质渗流实验分析超低界面张力体系对新立油田低渗岩心中单相及两相流体启动压力梯度的影响。研究结果表明:对于任何流体,新立油田低渗岩心均表现出非线性渗流特征,存在着一定启动压力梯度;低渗岩心拟启动压力梯度的值高于启动压力梯度,且两者均随着渗透率的提高而降低且与渗透率之间均为幂关系;超低界面张力体系可以明显地降低低渗岩心最小启动压力梯度与拟启动压力梯度;对于不同渗透率的岩心,两相临界启动压力梯度与含水饱和度的关系均表现出相似的变化规律,即两相临界启动压力梯度随着平均含水饱和度的上升先上升后降低;在不同渗透率下,对比水驱和超低界面张力体系驱的临界压力梯度最高点,超低界面张力体系下的临界压力梯度最高点明显小于水驱,这表明界面张力的减小可以明显地降低驱油时产生的两相临界压力梯度,超低界面张力体系改善了油藏的注入性。本研究对新立低渗储层水驱后开发方式的选择提供了参考。 相似文献
17.
煤层开采对所在矿区地下水系统有着重要影响。以往研究单煤层开采对地下水系统的影响较多，而对多煤层的影响研究甚少，特别对于我国西部缺水矿区。以南梁煤矿为例，运用地下水系统演化理论和岩石力学模拟等，对该矿井水文地质结构、矿井涌水变化规律、矿井地下水流场演变、矿井地下水化学成分变化等方面进行了综合分析研究，重构了多煤层开采条件下南梁矿井地下水系统流动模型，初步揭示了矿井水化学成分的演化机理。研究结果表明，2-2煤单煤层开采时，顶板导裂带的最大发育高度为42.1 m，而2-2和3-1煤层重复开采时则增大为83.1 m，相应地应力、位移、塑性区范围后者也比前者增大许多。这揭示出多煤层重复采动明显增大了顶板导裂带的发育高度，加剧了矿井水文地质结构变异，进一步地，导水裂隙带改变了天然地下水渗流路径，沟通了不同含水层之间的水力联系，增强了地下水流动速度和水文地球化学作用，整体扩大了地下水流动系统的规模，从降雨入渗→导裂带渗流→各煤层涌水→井底水仓排水构成了一个自然-人工复合地下水流动模式。研究成果可以为南梁煤矿的矿井水害防治及水资源高效利用提供科学依据，也为类似矿区提供研究参考。 相似文献
18.
针对页岩储层气体滑脱效应特征及其影响机制不清问题，选取四川盆地长宁地区志留系龙马溪组页岩样品，开展了低温氮气吸附孔隙结构表征实验，并利用非稳态脉冲衰竭方法测量了不同围压下氦气、氮气在页岩岩心上的气体渗透率，分析了平均孔隙压力、气体类型、围压对滑脱效应的影响，建立了滑脱因子的预测关系式。结果表明:压力低于2.5 MPa时，页岩气体滑脱效应不能忽略。由于“分子筛效应”的影响，页岩克氏渗透率与测试流体介质类型有关，以氦气为流动介质测试得到的克氏渗透率大于以氮气为流动介质的测试结果。滑脱效应与气体类型有关，龙马溪组页岩的氦气滑脱因子约为氮气滑脱因子的1.7倍。利用滑脱因子计算得到围压为10~40 MPa时，氦气在页岩上的有效渗流孔径为113~166 nm，氮气的有效渗流孔径为66~99 nm，均远大于液氮吸附法测试的平均孔径。建立了龙马溪组页岩气体滑脱因子与克氏渗透率的幂函数关系，为页岩气流动模型的建立提供了基础。 相似文献
19.
This paper presents a general solution for active earth pressure acting on a vertical retaining wall with a drainage system along the soil-structure interface. The backfill has a horizontal surface and is composed of cohesionless and fully saturated sand with anisotropic permeability along the vertical and horizontal directions. The extremely unfavourable seepage flow on the back of the retaining wall due to heavy rainfall or other causes will dramatically increase the active earth pressure acting on the retaining walls, increasing the probability of instability. In this paper, an analytical solution to the Laplace differential governing equation is presented for seepage problems considering anisotropic permeability based on Fourier series expansion method. A good correlation is observed between this and the seepage forces along a planar surface generated via finite element analysis. The active earth pressure is calculated using Coulomb’s earth pressure theory based on the calculated pore water pressures. The obtained solutions can be degenerated into Coulomb’s formula when no seepage exists in the backfill. A parametric study on the influence of the degree of anisotropy in seepage flow on the distribution of active earth pressure behind the wall is conducted by varying ratios of permeability coefficients in the vertical and horizontal directions, showing that anisotropic seepage flow has a prominent impact on active earth pressure distribution. Other factors such as effective internal friction angle of soils and soil/wall friction conditions are also considered. 相似文献
20.
将石油天然气行业发展很成熟的水平井多裂隙开发技术用于增强型地热系统(EGS)可显著提高EGS的经济效益。本研究建立了三维EGS水平井多裂隙物理模型, 采用CFX模拟分析了在井间距以及裂隙间距等不同储层特征条件下EGS的运行性能, 揭示了不同储层特征对于EGS储层采热过程的影响机理。研究结果表明: ①裂隙间距是影响EGS工程运行寿命和开采率的关键因素, 在相同注水流量下, 较大的裂隙间距不易形成热穿透, 系统运行寿命更长, 但降低了储层开采率; 过小的裂隙间距易形成热穿透, 系统运行寿命短, 但开采率高。②井间距对裂隙中的流体流速影响显著, 随着井间距增加, 在相同开采时间下, 产流流体的温度不断升高, 系统的寿命也会随着井间距的增加而增加, 井间距的增大也意味着储层的体积也就更大, 从而有更多的热量可供开采, 因而提高了系统的运行寿命。研究结果可以为EGS储层的建造提供理论指导, 为实现商业化开采地热能做好理论准备。 相似文献