共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 21 毫秒
1.
寒区岩石的力学特征往往受到冻融循环和荷载的共同影响,冻融岩石单轴压缩破坏断口蕴含着与冻融循环和荷载有关的损伤演化信息,冻融岩石单轴压缩破坏断口研究对冻融岩石断裂破坏机理分析有重要价值。为研究冻融岩石单轴压缩破坏断口形貌特征及其与宏观力学参数之间的关联性,通过摄影观测经历不同次数冻融循环的砂岩单轴压缩破坏断口形貌,采用像素点覆盖法计算断口分维值,探究了断口分维值与宏观力学参数之间的关系。结果表明:随着冻融次数的增加,冻融砂岩的力学性能劣化,单轴抗压强度、弹性模量、断口分维值、耗散能密度逐渐减小,峰值应变增大;单轴抗压强度、弹性模量、耗散能密度均与断口分维值之间存在指数关系,断口分维值越大,对应的单轴抗压强度、弹性模量、耗散能密度越大。冻融岩石单轴压缩破坏断口分维值可作为寒区岩体断裂破坏机理分析的有效参数。 相似文献
2.
三峡库区广泛分布侏罗系红砂岩, 在水库运行期间红砂岩的渗流-应力耦合特性关乎库区内多数滑坡和岩质边坡的稳定性。借助岩石多场耦合三轴试验系统, 对三峡库区侏罗系红砂岩开展了不同围压、不同渗透压下的三轴压缩试验, 系统研究了红砂岩的三轴压缩力学特性和渗透率演化特征。研究结果表明: ①红砂岩的峰前应力-应变曲线可分为孔隙压密阶段、弹性变形阶段、微裂隙稳定发展阶段和非稳定发展阶段。红砂岩的力学参数与渗透压的关系呈负相关, 与围压呈正相关。②随着围压升高, 红砂岩的破坏模式由张拉破坏过渡到剪切破坏。③不同渗透压下, 渗透率曲线呈平稳发展→缓慢上升→快速上升3阶段演化规律; 不同围压下, 渗透率曲线先降低后升高。④从能量角度分析了渗透压和围压对岩石的作用, 验证了渗流对岩石的劣化效应以及围压对裂纹发展的抑制作用。本试验对鲜有报道的侏罗系红砂岩的强度、变形和渗透特性做了系统的研究, 对渗流-应力耦合课题有补充意义。其工况根据三峡库区边坡岩体的应力水平来确定, 试验结果对分析库区边坡稳定性具有指导意义。 相似文献
3.
高寒、高海拔地区由于反复冻融导致的岩体变形破坏,对区内工程建设有重大影响。为研究不同裂隙条件下岩体循环冻融特性,在汶马高速沿线选择具有代表性的千枚岩和砂岩,制备了不同裂隙条件（长度、张开度、裂隙组数）试样,在干燥和饱水两种状态下分别进行大温差（-20℃到20℃）循环冻融（50次）试验。试验揭示了饱水裂隙岩样冻融变形过程:冻缩→冻胀→冻缩（冻结阶段）→融胀→融缩→融胀（融化阶段）,干燥裂隙岩样冻融变形过程:冻缩（冻结阶段）→融胀（融化阶段）。进一步,选择冻胀量εd为指标,分析了两类岩样冻融循环次数与εd的关系,揭示了裂隙长度、宽度和组数对εr的影响规律;选择残余变形量εr为指标,揭示了千枚岩和砂岩试样在饱水条件下εr随εd的增加规律,获得了εd与εr间的定量关系;分析了干燥和饱水试样单轴抗压强度随冻融循环次数增加而减小规律,确定了冻融次数与试样劣化间的线性关系。最后,初步讨论了饱水条件、岩性和裂隙条件对岩体冻融循环变形的影响机制。 相似文献
4.
Under the effect of chemical etching, the macroscopic mechanical properties, mesoscopic structure, mineral content, and porosity of rocks undergo significant changes, which can lead to the geological disasters; thus, an understanding of changes in the microscopic and macroscopic structure of rocks after chemical etching is crucial. In this study, uniaxial mechanical tests and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy were carried out on sandstone samples that had been previously subjected to chemical erosion under different pH values. The aim was to study changes in properties and mechanical characteristics, including deformation and strength characteristics, of the rock, and microscopic pore variation characteristics, and to perform preliminary studies of the chemical corrosion mechanism. Results show that different chemical solutions have a significant influence on the uniaxial compressive strength, the axial strain corresponding to the peak axial stress, elastic modulus, etc. With the passage of time, porosity increases gradually with exposure to different chemical solutions, and exposure to chemical solutions results in large changes in the NMR T2 curve and T2 spectrum area. Sandstone exposed to different chemical solutions exhibits different corrosion mechanisms; the root cause is the change of mineral. 相似文献
5.
自然界中岩石内部均存在一定程度的损伤,损伤的持续演化过程对岩体的稳定性极为不利。为了研究岩石的损伤演化过程,将岩石分为未损伤部分、闭合裂隙部分与张开裂隙部分,采用统一强度理论与统计损伤理论分析岩石微元强度的分布,通过分析变形协调条件下各部分的应力-应变特征得到岩石的损伤本构模型与损伤演化模型,与巴东组紫红色泥岩三轴压缩试验结果对比验证后将模型应用于某反倾层状岩质边坡的破坏深度分析。分析结果表明:提出的损伤本构模型可以较好地模拟巴东组紫红色泥岩的三轴压缩应力-应变特性,提出的损伤演化模型可以较好地分析巴东组紫红色泥岩的损伤演化过程,且模型参数具有明确的物理意义;此外,根据基于损伤演化模型的反倾层状岩质边坡破坏深度修正模型计算得到的结果偏保守,用于岩土工程设计偏安全。 相似文献
6.
A modified Hoek-Brown failure criterion considering the damage to reservoir bank slope rocks under water saturation-dehydration circulation 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
After water is impounded in a reservoir, rock mass in the hydro-fluctuation belt of the reservoir bank slope is subject to water saturationdehydration circulation (WSDC). To quantify the rate of change of rock mechanical properties, samples from the Longtan dam area were measured with uniaxial compression tests after different numbers (1, 5, 10, 15, and 20) of simulated WSDC cycles. Based on the curves derived from these tests, a modified Hoek- Brown failure criterion was proposed, in which a new parameter was introduced to model the cumulative damage to rocks after WSDC. A case of an engineering application was analyzed, and the results showed that the modified Hoek-Brown failure criterion is useful. Under similar WSDC-influenced engineering and geological conditions, rock mass strength parameters required for analysis and evaluation of rock slope stability can be estimated according to this modified Hoek-Brown failure criterion. 相似文献
7.
岩石蠕变特性对岩体工程的长期稳定有着重要影响, 尤其是在酸雨等水化学作用下, 岩石的细观结构遭到破坏, 蠕变特性及变形更为显著。以重庆二佛寺红层砂岩为研究对象, 通过开展室内三轴压缩分级蠕变试验, 研究了酸腐蚀状态下砂岩的蠕变特性。结果表明: 酸的腐蚀和浸泡会使砂岩内部孔隙增加, 导致砂岩在第一级荷载下会产生较大的瞬时应变和蠕变量, 之后瞬时应变量和蠕变量随着应力增加而增大; 岩样受到腐蚀软化, 蠕变破坏强度为抗压强度的76%, 长期强度仅为抗压强度的54%。为了描述蠕变全过程, 建立了一个损伤蠕变模型来拟合试验数据, 验证了其适用性, 可以为岩土工程建设的稳定性提供参考。 相似文献
8.
致密砂岩储层脆性评价对于“甜点”区预测和压裂改造都有重要作用。针对目前脆性评价力学机理不足、脆性矿物组分分析准确性不高的问题，提出了一种考虑岩石力学性质、脆性矿物组分和岩石成熟度的Adam-神经网络脆性综合评价方法。根据南堡凹陷高北边坡27块岩样的三轴力学实验结果，分析了岩石应力-应变曲线和破坏形态得出Rickman脆性指数，根据全岩矿物X-衍射实验分析得到反映成熟度的黏土矿物和反映脆性组分的非黏土矿物的含量，然后以反映力学性质的Rickman脆性指数为目标函数，以黏土矿物和非黏土矿物含量为训练参数，通过改进的Adam算法建立神经网络脆性评价模型，最后用测井曲线验证模型的准确性。研究表明，该地区脆性矿物以石英、长石为主，中等脆性程度，岩石区域各向异性较强，测井动态力学参数计算的脆性指数与模型相吻合。该Adam-神经网络算法结合力学、地质和矿物学因素, 可以快速得到更加准确的区域脆性指数，对指导选井选层，压裂施工都有很好的指导意义。 相似文献
9.
As an estimate for the in-situ spalling strength around massive underground excavations to moderately jointed brittle rocks, crack initiation stress marks the initiation of rock micro fracturing. It is crucial to accurately identify crack initiation stress level by proper method. In this study, confined compression tests of sandstone samples are used to examine the validity/applicability of proposed axial strain stiffness method. The results show that by highlighting the minuscule changes in stress-strain curve, the axial strain stiffness curve provided further insight into rock failure process and revealed five stages:(a) irregular fluctuation,(b) nearly horizontal regular fluctuation,(c) irregular fluctuation gradually decreasing to zero,(d) extreme fluctuation, and(e) near zero, which mainly correspond to five stages of stress–strain curve. The ratio of crack-initiation stress to peak strength determined using this approach is 0.44–0.51, similar to the ranges previously reported by other researchers. In this method, the key is to accurately detect the end point of the stage(b), "nearly horizontal regular fluctuation" characterized by a sudden change in axial strain stiffness curve, and the sudden change signifies crack initiation in rock sample. Finally, the research indicates that the axial strain stiffness curve can provide a mean to identify the crack-initiation stress thresholds in brittle rocks. 相似文献
10.
岩体变形和破坏可以看作能量耗散和释放的过程.由于节理岩体结构复杂且难以开展室内试验,因此无法通过试验直接求取其能量学参数.基于Hoek-Brown准则和岩石能量理论,提出了节理岩体在临界状态能量学参数的估算方法.针对含贯通节理(或层面)岩体,通过修正岩块单轴抗压强度以体现贯通节理的方向效应.采用PFC3D分别模拟小尺寸岩样(Φ50mm×100mm)和大尺寸岩体(Φ2m×2m)的三轴压缩试验,通过岩石三轴试验结果拟合岩石数值模拟的细观参数并应用于节理岩体的模拟.根据节理岩体模拟得到应力应变曲线和能量流,验证了Hoek-Brown准则对节理岩体能量参数估算的合理性. 相似文献
11.
首先,应用 Venedikow 调和分析方法计算体应变仪观测记录的M2波视潮汐因子;然后,对体应变仪井下传感器观测层岩芯进行单轴压缩试验,根据应力-应变曲线求取岩芯试样的力学参数。对比研究试样的单轴抗压强度和弹性模量与M2波视潮汐因子的关系,结果表明,弹性模量E对M2波视潮汐因子有明显的影响,随着M2波视潮汐因子的增大,岩石弹性模量呈线性函数降低,二者具有很好的相关性。钻孔岩芯力学性质的差异性是造成体应变仪之间M2波视潮汐因子差异较大的主要因素。 相似文献
12.
Compacted loess is widely used as fills of road embankments in loess regions of northern China. Generally, densely-compacted loess can satisfy the requirements of embankment strength and post-construction deformation. I lowever, uneven subsidence, pavement cracks and other related damages can affect the integrity of loess subgrade after several years of operation, and even cause some hazards, especially in North China, where the strong freeze-thaw erosion occurs. In this study, cyclic freeze-thaw tests for both densely and loosely compacted loess samples were performed to determine the variation in engineering properties such as volume, void ratio, collapsible settlement, microstructure, and the related mechanisms were addressed. The experimental results showed that an obvious water migration and redistribution occurred within the samples during freeze-thaw cycles. Ice lenses and fissures could be identified in the upper frozen layers of the samples. After freeze-thaw cycles, the dry densities of the nipper layers of samples changed significantly due to strong freeze-thaw erosion. The dry densities decreased for the dense sample and increased for the loose sample. It can be found that dense samples become loose, while loose samples became dense with the increasing number of freeze-thaw cycles. Their related void ratios changed reversely. Both void ratios tended to fall into a certain range, which verified the concept of a residual void ratio proposed by Viklander. The loosening process of densely compacted samples involves the formation of large pores, volume increase and density reduction as well as the related changes in mechanical properties because freeze-thaw cycles may be important contribution to problems of loess road embankments. Adverse effects of freeze-thaw cycles, therefore, should be taken into account in selecting loess parameters for the stability evaluation of road embankment in seasonally frozen ground regions. 相似文献
13.
针对季冻区春融期岩锚失效的问题, 研究了玻璃纤维(GFRP)锚杆在冻融循环作用下的锚固能力。通过设计物理模型对经历25, 50, 75冻融周期的试块进行了加载试验, 根据试验数据和破坏现象分析了GFRP锚杆在冻融后锚杆应力和承载力的变化规律。研究结果表明: 冻融循环会导致环氧树脂砂浆与混凝土的黏结性能下降, 在25, 50, 75周期后承载力损失分别为38.24%, 42.65%, 52.94%。冻融循环加速黏结材料及围岩的材料性能劣化, 荷载向内部传递加速, 使得GFRP锚杆上各点之间的应力差值逐渐减小, 锚杆应力分布比常温状态下更趋于均匀, 但材料性能的劣化导致局部破坏提前, 锚杆整体承载性能降低。研究结果可以为GFRP锚杆的工程应用提供建议。 相似文献
14.
To study the tensile mechanical properties of constant resistance bolts, the RFPA(Rock Failure Process Analysis) statics software is used to perform a uniaxial tensile test on a constant resistance bolt. The numerical test results show that the plastic strain value is 12 times the magnitude of the elastic strain. During plastic deformation, the fluctuation in the stress magnitude is relatively stable, indicating that the bolt has good constant resistance characteristics. The numerical test results are in good agreement with the laboratory test results of M.C. He, and the accuracy and reliability of the numerical test method are verified. Therefore, the RFPA software with coupled static-dynamic loading is further adopted to study the supporting effects of traditional bolts and constant resistance bolts under coupled staticdynamic loading. The numerical comparison of the test results show that the constant resistance bolts can effectively control the deformation amount and rate of the laneway surrounding rock, reduce the total and rate of increase in the accumulated acoustic emissions,decrease the stress on the units in the model and protect the stability of the laneway. This paper verifies that a constant resistance bolt has better impact resistance mechanical properties than those of a traditional bolt and provides an effective way to control rock burst and soft rock that is prone to large deformation damage. 相似文献
15.
Son Jin-Dam 《世界地质(英文版)》2000,3(2)
The Yuchon Group in the Late Cretaceous of Haenam and Mokpo area on the southwest coast of Korea peninsula can be divided into two Formations: (1) the intermediate volcanic Formation (Hwawon Formation), about 500m thick, (2)the acidic volcanic Formation (Hwangsan Formation), about 400m thick in ascending order.The former comprises intermediate volcaniclastics interlayered with volcanic rocks, and red mudrock and tuffaceous sandstone indicating fluvial deposits. The latter is subdivided into the upper part (Hwangsan Tuff Member) consisting of subaerial pyroclastics and intercalated rhyolites, and the lower part (Byeongonri Member) including subaqueous volcaniclastics, lake deltaic sandstone and gravelstone, lacustrine black shale and limestone and chert, and lake turbidite sandstone.The Late Cretaceous basin including Haenam subbasin in southwest Korea was largely formed of extensional nonmarine depressions (volcano- tectonic) bounded by NE- SW sinistral fault system.The thermal maturation based on geochemical and mineralogical studies for the black shales and tuffaceous sandstones reached the late stage of oil generation zone or gas generation stage. It seems that black shales and limestones are fairly good as source rock. The porosity of potential reservoir sandstone and tuff ranges from 5 % to 11%, but their permeability except the fractured rocks is very low ( ＜1md) because of fine pore throats reduced by diagenetic cementation of tuffaceous sandstones. Numerous potential traps might have been formed by the later folding and faulting along with lateral facies change and abundant mudrocks and volcaniclastics should make excellent seals. 相似文献
16.
《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2019,(6)
The complex distribution of gas hydrate in sediments makes understanding the mechanical properties of hydrate-bearing sediments a challenging task. The mechanical behaviors of hydrate-bearing interlayered sediments are still poorly known. A series of triaxial shearing tests were conducted to investigate the strength parameters and deformation properties of methane hydrate-bearing interlayered sediments at the effective pressure of 1 MPa. The results indicate that the stress-strain curves of hydrate-bearing interlayered sediments are significantly different from that of hydrate-bearing sediments. The peak strength, Young's modulus, initial yielding modulus, and failure mode are deeply affected by the methane hydrate distribution. The failure behaviors and mechanism of strain softening and hardening patterns of the interlayered specimens are more complicated than those of the integrated specimens. This study compares the different mechanical behaviors between integrated and interlayered specimens containing gas hydrate, which can serve as a reference for the prediction and analysis of the deformation behaviors of natural gas hydrate reservoirs. 相似文献
17.
碳酸盐岩声波传播特征具有重要的应用价值，系统性地分析流体类型、流体压力、温度及围压对碳酸盐岩声波速度与频谱特性影响的研究仍需加强。选取四川盆地合川-潼南地区灯影组缝洞碳酸盐岩，开展了不同条件下的声波透射实验，分析了围压、孔隙压力、压力差、温度及流体类型对碳酸盐岩样品声波速度的影响及不同条件下透射声波的主频特征。研究结果表明:饱和地层水时声波速度对压力变化的敏感度较饱和氮气时低。压力变化过程中，声波速度变化幅度与岩样孔隙度为正相关关系。实验温度范围内，随着温度逐渐升高，饱和地层水、氮气岩心纵波速度、横波速度均小幅降低。当差应力较低时，通过改变孔隙压力来改变差应力的方式对应的声波速度大于通过改变围压来改变差应力方式对应的声波速度，当差应力较高时，结论相反。相同差应力条件下，声波速度对围压变化较孔隙压力变化更为敏感。定围压变孔隙压力与定孔压变围压曲线所对应的2条声波速度-差应力关系曲线的夹角及斜率差可定性反映岩样动态Biot有效应力系数相对大小。随着差应力增大，孔隙压力对有效应力的贡献逐渐降低。随着孔隙压力增大，纵波主频幅值、横波主频幅值均逐渐下降，随着围压增大，纵波主频幅值、横波主频幅值均逐渐增大，随着温度逐渐升高，纵波主频幅值、横波主频幅值均逐渐增大。研究结果有助于基于测井声波信息开展碳酸盐岩地层孔隙压力预测相关理论研究及工程应用。 相似文献
18.
High geothermal temperatures appear to be unfavorable for the construction of tunnels in slate rocks with high overburden. To investigate the mechanical characteristics of slates at various levels of geothermal temperature, conventional triaxial compression tests at different levels of confining stress were carried out at 4 different temperatures from 20℃ to 120℃. The obtained results show high confining pressures weaken the thermal effects on rock mechanical characteristics while higher temperatures enhance the effect of confining pressure.At higher levels of confining stress the thermal effects on the rock strength characteristics decrease. The higher the temperature, the larger is the effect of confining pressure on the mechanical characteristics of the slate. Increase of temperature leads to a decrease of the peak strength but increases the deformability and ductility of the slate, the thermo effect on the peak strength and Poisson's ratio is larger than on the elastic modulus. Higher temperatures reduce the shear strength of slate, the decrease is mainly caused by a decrease of the cohesion. In general, the slate samples fail in shear failure. 相似文献
19.
根据砂岩岩石薄片、石英阴极发光和重矿物组合分析,结合沉积构造及地震解释成果,对塔里木盆地库车坳陷东部上三叠统—中侏罗统物源体系及其演化进行详细分析,确定了物源方向及母岩性质。结果表明:塔里木盆地库车坳陷东部上三叠统—中侏罗统物源主要来自北部南天山造山带物源区,以岩浆岩和变质岩母岩为主,兼有少量沉积岩物源的影响。其中,塔里奇克组砂岩中陆源碎屑岩岩屑含量较高,阴极发光条件下不发光石英含量较高,重矿物组合具有高锆石、白钛矿和磁铁矿含量以及低石榴子石含量的特征,母岩可能为上奥陶统—上三叠统早期沉积;阿合组及阳霞组砂岩中岩浆岩岩屑含量升高,重矿物组合以较高的石榴子石含量为特征,阴极发光条件下石英主要为蓝紫色及棕褐色发光,其母岩主要来自二叠系及其下伏地层;克孜勒努尔组及恰克马克组砂岩中变质岩岩屑含量明显升高,石榴子石含量极高,阴极发光条件下棕褐色发光石英含量增多,表明变质岩母岩的影响增强。晚三叠世—中侏罗世,研究区物源区母岩演化具有明显规律性,即晚三叠世受较多沉积岩母岩影响,早侏罗世岩浆岩母岩供给增多,中侏罗世以变质岩母岩为主。晚三叠世,库车坳陷东部南天山造山带大幅抬升,导致大量变质岩母岩卷入造山带遭受剥蚀;早—中侏罗世,南天山造山带中段构造活动具有东西分段的特点,吐格尔明30团剖面以东早侏罗世砂岩率先具有高石榴子石含量的特点,而西部地区中侏罗世砂岩才大量出现石榴子石,表明南天山造山带中段的虎拉山及额尔宾山在早侏罗世隆升-剥蚀强烈,而哈尔克山在中侏罗世才进入强烈抬升期。 相似文献
20.
Son Jin - Dam 《东北亚地学研究》2000,(2)
IntroductionThe Haenam Depression filled with the LateCretaceous sediments and volcanics lies to the southwestern coast of Korea peninsula. The Cretaceousstrata (Yucheon Group) cover an area of ca. 200km2in the Haenam and Mokpo area. Regional geologicalsu… 相似文献