共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 218 毫秒
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本文讨论了一种新的数学工具,即惯量投影椭球（和椭圆）,在具有任意形状构造变形体的变形描述与应变分析中的意义。论证了在均匀的递进变形过程中,构造标志体惯量投影椭球的变形与其自身的变形保持一致,两者遵循同样的均匀变形方程。在进行构造变形描述和分析时,构造标志体形状与其惯量投影椭球是等效的。惯量投影椭球具有有限应变椭球相同的性质,可以用来描述任意形状构造标志体的变形,并可以替代具有任意形状构造标志体进行变形分析。先前适用于椭圆形标志体变形分析的方法均可应用于具有任意形状的构造标志体。这将为我们对具有任意形状的构造标志体变形的描述和分析提供方便和有用的数学工具。 相似文献
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岩石有限应变测量反向轮法的计算机CSD软件设计 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
用计算机实现反向轮法测岩石有限应变的过程, 可提高有限应变测量的准确性和效率.开发出了用Visual Basic 5.0编写的CSD软件, 利用岩石薄片图像或者矿物颗粒轮廓图测出岩石有限应变的大小及应变椭圆长轴方向, 同时测出矿物颗粒分布的优选方位.其操作相当简便, 首先统计出图像中0°~180°各方向上矿物颗粒的边界数目; 然后在方位-边界坐标系中投点, 并利用最小二乘法进行数据点的多项式曲线拟合; 最后求出曲线的极值点坐标, 并根据坐标绘制相应的应变椭圆.软件运行中, 统计出的边界数据和拟合曲线以及应变椭圆图形都是可视的, 并能进行相应的保存. 相似文献
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砂泥岩间互地层等效岩石力学参数计算模型及其应用 总被引：4，自引：3，他引：1
以地层岩石的变形分析为基础,从能量的角度出发,利用应变能理论及能量守恒定律推导出了等效岩石力学参数的一般计算公式,并建立了测井资料计算模型;利用该模型计算了库车坳陷克拉A气田目的层系巴什基奇克组的等效岩石力学参数,并以计算结果为基础进行了应力场及储层裂缝的数值模拟;最后讨论了等效岩石力学参数测井资料计算模型的优点及适用条件。模拟结果显示,储层裂缝集中发育在背斜高点及单斜构造部位,与气田目前的开发实践基本一致,表明了所建模型的合理性;等效岩石力学参数适用于区域性的横向应力场及储层裂缝预测,不适于预测局部或垂向上的储层裂缝分布规律。 相似文献
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数值计算中利用随机分布对各单元赋予不同的物理力学参数来考虑岩石的非均质性,赋值过程是纯随机的,并没有考虑岩石矿物组成的结构特征。故提出一种新的岩石非均质参数赋值方法--岩石矿物细胞元随机性参数赋值方法,基于岩石矿物种类及其含量定义细胞元类别判定区间,利用Monte Carlo方法对各个细胞元进行矿物类别判定,并进行相应的参数赋值,通过各矿物细胞元的随机混合体来描述岩石的非均质性。该方法既考虑了组成岩石的矿物种类及其含量（结构特征）,又考虑了组成矿物在岩石中的随机分布特征。针对矿物分布的随机特征,利用两矿物细胞元混合模型和三矿物细胞元混合模型进行数值试验,研究了矿物细胞元随机分布特征对岩石宏观力学参数的影响。研究结果表明,岩石矿物细胞元随机性参数赋值方法具有结构性和随机性的双重特性,其随机性不依赖于随机参数,岩石宏观力学参数受细胞元随机性特征的影响很小。 相似文献
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利用ECS测井资料反演火山岩中矿物含量 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
火山岩的分类定名主要依据主要造岩矿物的含量。根据ECS测井解谱后得到的元素干重百分含量,通过建立的模型可以反演矿物的体积含量。为了说明计算矿物含量的准确性,利用计算的矿物含量得到岩石随深度变化的骨架密度,再计算出孔隙度,然后与岩心颗粒密度、孔隙度进行对比,结果说明,得到的矿物含量是可靠的,可用于测井解释求取储层参数。 相似文献
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岩石变形变质过程中体积变化的估算方法 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
简林地介绍了估算岩石体积变化的５种方法：在可能求得岩石有限应变椭球体真实大小的情况下计算岩石体变的方法；在平面应变状态下求岩石体变的方法；非平面应变状态下岩石体变的估算方法；利用岩石中有关元素的含量变化求岩石体变的方法；利用岩石有关矿物的含量变化球岩石体变的方法，并对这些估算方法的运用条件及误差产生的原因进行了分析。 相似文献
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为了研究岩石在加载-卸载过程中的应力-应变关系,以砂岩为例,对其进行常规三轴加卸载试验。分析了峰后卸载阶段岩石的非线性特性,对岩石的损伤变量进行定义,给出了峰后卸载过程中用于描述应力-应变关系的弹性模量模型。通过分析加载-卸载过程中的轴向应变与径向应变的关系,得到了卸载过程中泊松比模型。引入D-P塑性模型,针对砂岩的塑性硬化特性,对硬化函数进行修正,建立了与等效塑性应变相关联的损伤模型。将计算模型矩阵化后进行数值计算。在此过程中得到如下结论:多孔隙岩石在加载过程中表现出明显的非线性特征,随着体应力的增大,岩石的弹性模量逐渐增大。岩石峰后卸载过程中,当轴向应力大于围压时,应力-应变可以利用峰前弹性阶段的弹性模量模型乘以连续性因子进行描述。随着等效塑性应变的增大,泊松比先增大后减小,最终趋于稳定。峰后卸载过程中,等效塑性应变不发生变化,此时泊松比保持不变。利用提出的本构模型进行了数值计算,数值计算结果与试验结果进行对比,结果表明,提出的模型能够反映出岩石在峰后卸载过程中的应力-应变规律。 相似文献
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根据非均质岩石参数赋值方法具有随机性的特点,以随机参数的变异系数定义岩石非均质度,推导了Weibull分布参数赋值方法的非均质度计算方法,并与形状参数进行了对比分析;推导了基于矿物细胞元参数赋值方法的岩石非均质度的计算方法;利用上述2种赋值方法研究了岩石非均质度对其力学性能的影响。研究结果表明,利用变异系数定义岩石非均质度是合理的,可用于描述不同非均质岩石模型的非均质程度;非均质岩石的力学特性由细观单元力学特性和其非均质特性共同决定,岩石的非均质性对其极限强度具有弱化影响;对于不同的非均质岩石模型,可建立相同的线性函数关系表示非均质岩石极限强度受其非均质度的影响。 相似文献
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J. Wheeler 《Tectonophysics》1986,126(2-4)
Many rocks contain ellipsoidal objects (such as pebbles or reduction zones) which display a variety of shapes and orientations. In deformed rocks such objects may be used for strain analysis by using the concept of an average ellipsoid (here called the “fabric ellipsoid”). Two fabric ellipsoids are defined which are the results of two different algebraic averaging processes. During deformation of ellipsoidal distributions, the fabric ellipsoids change as if they were themselves material ellipsoids and are therefore of fundamental importance in strain analysis.In most studies to date, such 3-D fabric ellipsoids have been obtained from 2-D average ellipses determined on section planes cut through the rock sample. Previous work has assumed that the average ellipses will approximate to section through a single fabric ellipsoid. I show here that this is not the case as sectioning introduces a systematic bias into the section ellipse data. This bias is distinct from the statistical errors (due to finite sample size and measurement errors) discussed in other work and must be considered in any method of strain analysis using section planes. 相似文献
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现浇X形桩是为了提高单位混凝土承载力性能而开发的一种新型桩,异形横截面在确保桩周周长的前提下,能有效地减少混凝土用量;但目前针对异形横截面对水平向承载力特性影响方面的研究相对较少。基于X形横截面的3个控制参数：外包圆直径、开弧间距和开弧弧度,建立任意方向轴惯性矩控制方程,并分析X形横截面3个控制参数对截面轴惯性矩的影响规律。最后,提出控制截面面积或周长情况下X形截面惯性矩的最优化设计方案。研究结果表明,X形截面惯性矩随着开弧角度、开弧间距的减小而增大,随着外包圆直径的增大而增大。因此,在等混凝土材料用量或者控制桩周长情况下,适当增大外包圆直径、减小开弧角度和开弧间距有利于提高X形截面轴惯性矩,从而提高X形桩整体水平向承载力。 相似文献
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This paper considers the basic principles of the strain analysis method based on the analysis of antitaxial regeneration fibrous fringes around linear rigid inclusions in a low-viscosity rock matrix. This method has been developed for pressure shadows composed of fibrous minerals, whose orientation is controlled by the major elongation direction rather than the orientation of rigid inclusions. This approach is applicable only for rocks exposed to uniform coaxial straining. The strain ellipse is calculated in two ways: for three variably oriented strain markers, it is calculated using Mohr’s circles, and for numerous strain markers by average body ellipse. The strain ellipsoid is calculated using the parameters of a few strain ellipses calculated with three and more non-parallel planes. This paper provides the data on the method testing in reference sites of Dora–Pil’ ore field in the Upper Indigirka district and Vangash area in the Yenisei Range. Regeneration fibrous fringes around fragments of fern fossils and linear rutile metacrystals were used as markers. The results of strain analysis obtained for the reference sites in the Upper Indigirka district made it possible to describe the signs of variable strain stages of developing strike-slip zones making up the Adycha–Taryn Fault Zone. Sublatitudinal ore-bearing strike-slip zones are characterized by a subvertical orientation of the elongation axes X of elongated strain ellipsoids, which are subperpendicular to quartz–carbonate veins and slope kink zones. NW-trending strike-slip zones are characterized by subhorizontal orientation of the Z shortening axes of flattened strain ellipsoids, which are subparallel to the normals of quartz–carbonate veins and veinlets. The results of strain analysis obtained for reference sites in the Vangash area made it possible to describe the thrust strain environment following the metamorphism stage and to reveal specific features in the formation of the strain textures of ore-bearing rocks based on their rheological properties. 相似文献
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为了弄清深埋硬岩的加、卸荷破坏机制,系统开展了深埋大理岩的常规三轴试验、保持 不变的卸围压试验和变 的卸围压试验等。以裂纹体应变为主要分析变量,结合体应变、等效塑性应变等参量深入分析上述不同应力路径下硬岩的破坏过程。运用裂纹体应变-轴向应变曲线、等效塑性应变-轴向应变曲线和轴向应力-应变曲线来解释岩石破坏过程所产生的现象与规律。结果表明：在裂纹闭合阶段岩样裂纹闭合的变化程度（裂纹体应变改变的大小）可以反映岩石的初始损伤程度;裂纹闭合阶段对岩石弹性模量的计算有重要的影响,需要根据合适的阶段划分,消除裂纹闭合阶段对弹性模量计算的影响,进而得到较为准确的弹性模量;在卸围压点处岩石的可闭合程度突然增加,裂纹体应变-轴向应变曲线发生突变;岩石卸荷破坏过程中裂纹扩展存在滞后性。研究成果有助于进一步理解深埋硬岩的加、卸荷破坏过程和机制,为深埋隧洞的灾害防治提供理论依据。 相似文献
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Nicholas J. Milton 《Tectonophysics》1980,64(1-2)
An ellipsoid is defined by, and may be re-constructed from, any three sections through it. In the field, calculation of the strain ellipsoid from general sections (two-dimensional strain ellipses determined from measured strain markers) is complicated by the fact that, due to experimental error and/or strain inhomogeneity, the three ellipses may not come from the same ellipsoid. The ellipses must first be adjusted to make them compatible. A method is suggested by which an adjustment ellipse is determined analytically for each of the three sections. Application of these adjustment ellipses makes the three sections compatible, and the strain ellipsoid may be determined. The principal axes of the ellipsoid are derived from the ellipsoid matrix by eigenvector analysis. Examples are given of practical applications of this method. 相似文献
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Hatem Gasmi Essaïeb Hamdi Nejla Bouden Romdhane 《Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering》2014,47(4):1393-1409
Homogenization in fractured rock analyses is essentially based on the calculation of equivalent elastic parameters. In this paper, a new numerical homogenization method that was programmed by means of a MATLAB code, called HLA-Dissim, is presented. The developed approach simulates a discontinuity network of real rock masses based on the International Society of Rock Mechanics (ISRM) scanline field mapping methodology. Then, it evaluates a series of classic joint parameters to characterize density (RQD, specific length of discontinuities). A pulse wave, characterized by its amplitude, central frequency, and duration, is propagated from a source point to a receiver point of the simulated jointed rock mass using a complex recursive method for evaluating the transmission and reflection coefficient for each simulated discontinuity. The seismic parameters, such as delay, velocity, and attenuation, are then calculated. Finally, the equivalent medium model parameters of the rock mass are computed numerically while taking into account the natural discontinuity distribution. This methodology was applied to 17 bench fronts from six aggregate quarries located in Tunisia, Spain, Austria, and Sweden. It allowed characterizing the rock mass discontinuity network, the resulting seismic performance, and the equivalent medium stiffness. The relationship between the equivalent Young’s modulus and rock discontinuity parameters was also analyzed. For these different bench fronts, the proposed numerical approach was also compared to several empirical formulas, based on RQD and fracture density values, published in previous research studies, showing its usefulness and efficiency in estimating rapidly the Young’s modulus of equivalent medium for wave propagation analysis. 相似文献
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基于强度折减原理的地下洞室群整体安全系数计算方法探讨 总被引：18，自引：2，他引：16
为解决大型地下洞室群的整体稳定性评价这一难题,吸收边坡强度折减有限元的优点,提出了基于强度折减技术的地下洞室群整体安全系数求解方法。该方法采用Mohr-Coulomb屈服准则,以洞室之间的等效塑性应变贯通作为洞室群整体失稳的临界判据。洞群整体安全系数计算是通过搜索折减系数F,将岩土材料的力学强度参数（黏聚力c和内摩擦角?）按F值折减代入数值计算中,使计算模型的洞室间正好出现明显的贯通性等效塑性应变来实现。拉西瓦水电站地下发电枢纽洞室群和锦屏二级水电站A、B辅助洞两个典型工程实例的整体安全系数计算表明,该方法可以便捷、客观地获得洞室群的整体安全系数,可为大型地下多洞室的稳定性评价和开挖与支护设计提供定量指标和科学依据。 相似文献