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1.
YANG Xiang-peng ZHANG Fa-wang XU Qi CHEN Zhen BI Xue-li SHI Jian ZHOU Li-xin YANG Chen 《地下水科学与工程》2015,3(3):280-284
As China and Southeast Asian countries have accelerated and globalized their economic development, karst environmental problems have become increasingly prominent and studying on and compiling maps of karst geology is quite important. Therefore, based on a wide collection of data in Southeast Asian countries, a cooperative map compilation has been carried out internationally. Through comprehensive research and analysis, a unified understanding has been achieved in terms of compiling principles, contents and representing methods, Distribution of Karst in Southern China and Southeast Asia (1/5 000 000) has been compiled, which provides foundations for environmental protection and scientific studies of karst geology. 相似文献
2.
东南亚地区位于全球特提斯成矿域、环太平洋成矿域与印度-澳大利亚成矿域的交汇地带。构造演化独特,先后经历了原-古-中-新特提斯增生造山、印度-欧亚陆陆碰撞造山、太平洋俯冲等多期次构造-岩浆事件,形成了多条火山弧带、蛇绿混杂带以及同碰撞和后碰撞岩浆岩带。本文在总结前人大地构造研究成果基础上,将东南亚地区划分为6个一级构造单元、32个二级构造单元和57个三级构造单元。伴随着原-古-中-新特提斯构造演化、印度-欧亚大陆碰撞、太平洋俯冲等多期次构造域事件,以构造单元划分为基础,将东南亚地区划分为3个一级成矿域,6个二级成矿省,21个三级成矿带,并结合构造演化初步探讨了主要成矿事件。 相似文献
3.
在干旱气候背景下常常有风尘物质的释放和传输,风尘沉积被认为是干旱环境变化良好的地质记录。在亚洲中部和中国北方,大面积的干旱区被沙漠戈壁覆盖,这些地区是粉尘物质的重要源地,释放的风尘物质影响局地和区域环境,并通过参与生物地球化学循环等影响更大空间尺度的气候变化。因此,亚洲中部干旱气候的形成和演化以及发展趋势一直受到重视。长期以来,关于晚新生代亚洲中部干旱气候发展的驱动机制至少有两种解释:一是青藏高原的隆升控制着亚洲中部的干旱化过程,随着高原的阶段性隆升亚洲干旱气候逐步增强;二是晚新生代全球变冷直接驱动着亚洲变干,全球变冷是主导因素。中国黄土高原及其周边地区堆积的黄土-红粘土序列是指示亚洲干旱化过程良好的地质记录,通过对新获得的风尘堆积记录的分析,发现在晚新生代中国风尘堆积的时空演化与全球变冷有较好的对应,全球变冷可以促使亚洲中部干旱气候发展并加强粉尘活动,而青藏高原隆升的幅度和时间还不清楚,进而认为是全球变冷而不是青藏高原隆升直接驱动亚洲内陆的阶段性变干。基于这些结果,我们认为以前关于青藏高原隆升影响全球气候的结论可能高估了青藏高原在地球环境演化中的作用,关于高原隆升直接驱动亚洲干旱化的结论还需要检验。 相似文献
4.
东南亚地区是“21世纪海上丝绸之路”（以下简称“海洋丝路”）的重要组成部分,该区历史上曾发生十余次巨大地震,地震及其次生地质灾害是威胁东南亚地区经济社会发展和国际合作的主要自然灾害。系统梳理该区地震活动的时空分布特征及评估未来灾害风险格局,对于推进“一带一路”倡议实施及区域经济社会可持续发展具有重要意义。文章基于东南亚地区1900年以来M≥5地震的时空分布统计分析和地震b值计算,揭示出该区的地震活动在时间上表现出活跃期与平静期交替变化的特征;空间上表现出明显的聚集效应,成丛性强且主要集中在5个地震统计区内,其中印尼—马来多岛弧盆系地震区和菲律宾群岛地震区的地震活动最为活跃。总体而言,东南亚5个地震区的b值偏低,在0.42~0.91之间。该区内的地震b值也存在时空差异,受大地震事件、俯冲带年龄、活动断裂带和震源深度等众多因素影响,但主控因素在不同区域有所不同。地震b值时空变化特征对区域地震活动预测具有启示作用。上述认识为推进“海洋丝路”工程建设和“一带一路”防灾减灾对策提供了科学支撑。 相似文献
5.
Z.N. Pojarkova 《Cretaceous Research》1984,5(1):1-14
Northeastern Central Asia during the Albian and Early Cenomanianwas one of the peripheral basins of the Central Asian region. The similarity of their freshwater molluscs makes it possible to correlate isolated series in these two regions. Subsequently, a pulsating transgression of the Tadzhik Sea invaded northeastern Central Asia which became a part of the Central Asian Province of the Tethys. The complicated palaeogeography means that there are many different local biostratigraphic successions. The relations between these have been worked out from an integrated study of the biostratigraphy, palaeogeography, ecology and biogeography. Marked endemism amongst the molluscs, sometimes total, limits correlation with other regions of the Tethys; in particular, correlation of some of the local biozones (or “lones”) with western European zones is still uncertain. 相似文献
6.
S.K. Acharyya 《Tectonophysics》1979,56(3-4)
The fit and configuration of India and Southeast Asia vis-à-vis Australia—Antarctica are critically analysed together with the evolutionary history of the Himalaya. Peninsular India, Himalaya, Tibet and Southeast Asia appear to be tied up with the development of Paleozoic-Mesozoic peripheral “Gondwanide” and Mesozoic-Cenozoic Alpine-Himalayan-Indonesian orogenic belts. Southeast Asia and Tibet are usually included within Cathaysia-Laurasia. The extent of the Tethys, separating Gondwanaland from the latter, thus appears to be much narrower than commonly believed. An alternative Gondwanaland reconstruction is proposed, placing India amidst a proto-Indian Ocean adjacent to Africa, but separated from Antarctica-Australia. 相似文献
7.
王承书 《沉积与特提斯地质》2002,22(1):92-112
东南亚位于欧亚、印－澳和菲律宾海三大板块汇聚结合带，现代及古代汇聚区域广泛，弧碰撞起着重要作用。根据地质、古地磁和浅源地震等地球动力演化的研究建立了一系列构造模式 表明该区地表构造运动的复杂性。尽管规模较小，台湾地区的弧碰撞可能是目前全世界的研究热点之一，因为这一碰撞带较年青（数百万年），非常活跃，易于通过地质、地球物理、大地测量和遥感手段进行测定和监控。未来对活动俯冲带和造山带的研究应与地震、海啸、污染、气候变化等这些与自然灾害有关的社会问题紧密联系起来。 相似文献
8.
新生代亚洲形变与海陆相互作用 总被引：26，自引：0，他引：26
在现今各个大陆中, 亚洲经历的新生代形变最强. 白垩纪到老第三纪时的亚洲大陆, 不仅面积较今为小, 而且形态偏瘦"; 自从始新世印度与亚洲碰撞之后, 亚洲的面积与高度急剧增大. 随着青藏高原隆升和边缘海的张裂, 东亚原来西倾的地势发生倒转, 形成了从大陆中央隆升区向周围辐射的亚洲大河流系. 亚洲隆升有可能是北极冰盖形成与发展的重要因素, 因为隆升不仅改变大气环流、加剧风化作用, 而且还使西伯利亚河系改向北流, 通过注入北冰洋的淡水促使海水结冰、导致冰盖形成. 新生代亚洲形变, 也使得亚洲季风系统在早中新世形成, 又在约8 Ma与约3 Ma时强化. 同时, 西太平洋边缘海系列的形成, 也改变了亚洲大陆与太平洋之间的物质与能量的交换. 流经边缘海的太平洋西部边界流, 对于洋面升降和构造运动极为敏感, 在冰期低海面时边界流位于边缘海之外, 使大洋输向大陆的热量和水分大为减少. 今天, 亚洲与太平洋之间的能流与物流最为活跃, 可惜亚洲在全球气候环境演变中的重要性至今未能获得学术界的充分认识. 相似文献
9.
An alternative model for the geodynamic evolution of Southeast Asia is proposed and inserted in a modern plate tectonic model. The reconstruction methodology is based on dynamic plate boundaries, constrained by data such as spreading rates and subduction velocities; in this way it differs from classical continental drift models proposed so far. The different interpretations about the location of the Palaeotethys suture in Thailand are revised, the Tertiary Mae Yuam fault is seen as the emplacement of the suture. East of the suture we identify an Indochina derived terrane for which we keep the name Shan–Thai, formerly used to identify the Cimmerian block present in Southeast Asia, now called Sibumasu. This nomenclatural choice was made on the basis of the geographic location of the terrane (Eastern Shan States in Burma and Central Thailand) and in order not to introduce new confusing terminology. The closure of the Eastern Palaeotethys is related to a southward subduction of the ocean, that triggered the Eastern Neotethys to open as a back-arc, due to the presence of Late Carboniferous–Early Permian arc magmatism in Mergui (Burma) and in the Lhasa block (South Tibet), and to the absence of arc magmatism of the same age East of the suture. In order to explain the presence of Carboniferous–Early Permian and Permo-Triassic volcanic arcs in Cambodia, Upper Triassic magmatism in Eastern Vietnam and Lower Permian–Middle Permian arc volcanites in Western Sumatra, we introduce the Orang Laut terranes concept. These terranes were detached from Indochina and South China during back-arc opening of the Poko–Song Ma system, due to the westward subduction of the Palaeopacific. This also explains the location of the Cathaysian West Sumatra block to the West of the Cimmerian Sibumasu block. 相似文献
10.
近十年来,尽管准噶尔盆地上古生界油气勘探不断获得突破,准噶尔周缘盆地也相继有油气显示,但北疆地区含油气盆地的宏观构造背景与中亚含油气盆地群的关系还不清楚,尤其缺少板块尺度的岩相古地理分析。因此深入分析中亚盆地群石炭-二叠系的构造-岩相古地理是十分必要的。本文充分调研中亚盆地群区域地质、油气地质资料,从中亚盆地群古板块、古地理环境分析准噶尔盆地与中亚盆地群的大地构造背景,并结合构造大剖面和岩相发育特征,对中亚盆地群石炭-二叠纪岩相古地理进行研究,研究结果表明：（1）中亚盆地群石炭-二叠系的岩相特征具有明显的东西分带性,西侧的滨里海盆地、图尔盖盆地和楚-萨雷苏盆地以碳酸盐岩发育为主要岩性特征,东侧的斋桑盆地、准噶尔盆地和三塘湖盆地以火山岩和砂泥岩为主要岩性特征;（2）石炭纪时期,中亚西侧盆地群处于低纬度,气温较高,具有较为稳定的台地环境,广泛沉积碳酸盐岩,而中亚东侧盆地群处于中-低纬度,多以岛弧相为主,沉积火山岩和碎屑岩;（3）二叠纪时期,中亚盆地群已由海相沉积转化为陆相沉积,晚二叠世,中亚盆地群整体遭受抬升剥蚀,地层缺失,普遍存在不整合特征;（4）中亚地区石炭-二叠系岩相上的湖相中心和残余洋盆可作为石炭-二叠系油气勘探的重点。 相似文献
11.
Groundwater System Division and Description of Asia 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Based on landform, climate, river system, geological structure and hydrogeological structure and from the perspective of systematology, the groundwater system of Asia can be divided into 36 secondary groundwater systems under 11 primary ones by the intercontinental scale. This forms part of the work of the groundwater series map of Asia, which is compiled according to groundwater system division and evaluation of the total amount and types of aquifer, reflecting the large-scale features of groundwater resources in Asia. Systematic profiling of groundwater in this way provides a scientific basis for groundwater exploitation planning and management in Asia, and avoiding disputes over groundwater resources and the environment among Asian countries. 相似文献
12.
Analysis of the negative effects of groundwater exploitation on geological environment in Asia 
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下载免费PDF全文 This paper summarizes the negative effects on geological environment caused by groundwater exploitation and its distribution. There are seven main types of the geological environment negative effects, which are generally as follows:(1) Constant decrease of groundwater level is mainly distributed in China(East Asia), India(South Asia), Tajikistan(Central Asia) and Saudi Arabia(West Asia);(2) land subsidence occurs mainly in eastern plains of East Asia and west Siberian Plain of North Asia;(3) seawater intrusion occurs mainly in China, Japan and South Korea in East Asia, Philippines and Indonesia in Southeast Asia, the Indian coastal areas in South Asia;(4) groundwater level decline caused by groundwater exploitation in oil fields;(5) mining collapse is mainly in 50° to 70° north latitude band;(6) the total area of karst collapse in China of East Asia is as much as 197.05 km~2; and(7) ground fracture is mainly distributed in the North China Plain, Fenwei Plain and the Yangtze River Delta. Asia can be divided into 6 zones in terms of the geological environment negative effect caused by groundwater exploitation. According to analysis, with the increasing intensity of human activities, geological environment issues become more and more serious, therefore it is vital to control the human activities within the scope of 5× 10~5 people/km~2 to 9.9× 10~5 people/km~2 for the effective control of the size of the affected area by geological environment problems. 相似文献
13.
Chew-Hung Chang 《Natural Hazards》2011,56(3):667-679
The 2007 Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Assessment Report 4 found an average increase in global surface
temperature of 0.74°C between 1906 and 2005. There is general agreement in the literature that the frequency of extreme precipitation
events in Southeast Asia will increase with global warming. In particular, the potential impact of associated storm hazards
will render the densely populated countries in Southeast Asia vulnerable to such changes in precipitation events. One main
adaptation strategy given such impending changes is preparedness. Using existing literature and historical meteorological
data, this paper establishes that Southeast Asia is indeed experiencing storms of higher intensities and more frequently.
Two case of extreme storm event in Southeast Asia, the extreme high rainfall event in December 2006 in Southern Johor and
Typhoon Vamei, are presented to consider the implications of the increased storm activities due to global warming. These two
examples also discuss the need for preparedness in adapting to the impact of global warming. 相似文献
14.
东南亚地区矿产资源十分丰富,特别是铜、镍、铬、钾盐、铝土矿等矿产资源与中国有较强的互补性,受到中国地质学家和矿业界的广泛关注。东南亚地区总体矿产勘查、开发程度低,随着东南亚地区经济的快速发展和找矿技术方法的提高,该地区一大批新矿床的发现和一系列新矿山的陆续建成投产必将为全球经济发展和社会进步注入新的活力。通过对东南亚地区产出的大型-超大型或代表性重要矿床地质特征和分布规律进行总结,对其产出环境和找矿潜力进行讨论,旨在为中国地质学家、矿业企业了解该地区重要矿床的地质特征、时空分布规律、找矿潜力和找矿模型提供有益信息,为中国地勘单位和矿业企业"走出去",在东南亚地区开展综合性找矿评价提供参考依据,同时也为在中国西南三江成矿带开展勘查找矿工作提供对比依据。 相似文献
15.
中国西南泛亚大通道环境工程地质问题概论 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
西南泛亚大通道是中国近期和今后将要重点规划建设的能源和交通廊带,具有重要的经济和战略意义。由于地处中国西南地质环境条件极其复杂的横断山区南段,该廊带地形地貌和地质构造都极其复杂,新构造活动强烈,导致地质灾害频发,并以类型全、数量多、规模大为特点。外动力地质灾害主要包括滑坡、崩塌、泥石流,它们制约着地表工程的建设和运营安全;高地温、高地应力和岩溶突水等又是控制地下工程规划建设的瓶颈。文中从地质环境演化过程的内外动力作用入手,简要地总结了中国西南泛亚大通道规划和建设过程中可能遇到的地质灾害和重大工程地质问题,并探讨了上述问题的研究途径。 相似文献
16.
日本在亚洲前沿的构造定位及其对中国东部区域构造的含义 总被引：7，自引：1，他引：7
日本列岛是晚古生代以来洋、陆沿活动陆缘汇聚及南来地体拼贴的产物，在日本海中新世张开以前曾是亚洲大陆的一部分，因此其历史对于完善东亚显生宙后期的构造演化记录是极为可贵的。本文在有关研究成果的基础上提出：(1)日本列岛主体是中亚造山带沿走向的延伸，记录了从朝鲜半岛向南中生代亚洲大陆的增生历史。中朝克拉通的东界应在它的西面经图们江带弧形转折后沿朝鲜半岛以东南下。(2)从锡霍特阿林到菲律宾，亚洲前沿以侏罗纪为主的消减-增生杂岩也可能在闽粤沿海的大片中生代火山岩下面发现；长乐-南澳变质带可能相当于巴拉望或西菲律宾地块并与日本的黑濑川带有关。(3)日本学者有关飞骅边缘带是秦岭-大别缝合带向东延续的论述，提示该带可能是中亚和秦岭两个造山带向东延续的复合，中朝和扬子陆块在它以西依次尖灭。 相似文献
17.
XU Qi YANG Xiang-peng ZHANG Fa-wang BI Xue-li SHI Jian CHEN Zhen ZHOU Li-xin YANG Chen 《地下水科学与工程》2015,3(3):247-255
The compilation of serial maps of karst geology in China and Southeast Asia is a project under the “One Belt One Road” geological survey plan granted by China Geological Survey. This paper summarized the research trend of geoscientific mapping in China and Southeast Asia and introduced the significance, contents, technical routes, operating methods and progress of the project. Through bilateral and multilateral cooperation, this project builded an international cooperation platform for mapping and completes the preliminary compilation of related karst geological maps in China and Southeast Asia, thus filling up the blank of karst geological maps in this region. 相似文献
18.
中亚地区的地貌自中生代以来发生过两次巨变：一次是青藏高原的隆起,另一次是中生代中国东部高原及其西侧共存的中亚准平原的兴衰。青藏高原的隆起引起了全球气候和中亚环境的巨变。对此,自80年代以来开展的国际合作已经在地质学和地球物理学等研究领域取得了丰硕的成果。不过,在解释高原隆升-气候变化-剥蚀作用的相互关系方面仍存歧见。相比之下,中亚地区中生代的地貌巨变尚属新的研究课题。人们认识到,中亚地区在中侏罗世至新近纪曾存在一个准平原,而在中国东部则存在一个中生代高原。这一中生代地貌巨变引发出许多新的思考,如：为什么这一中生代准平原能保存长达150 Ma？中国东部高原是怎样形成的,又是怎样消失的？这两次地貌巨变及其相关的岩石圈动力学将是“TOPO?CENTRAL?ASIA”这一国际岩石圈计划项目的研究主题。 相似文献
19.
Borneo occupies a central position in the Sundaland promontory of SE Asia. It has a complex Cenozoic geological history of sedimentation and deformation which began at about the same time that India is commonly suggested to have started to collide with Asia. Some tectonic reconstructions of east and SE Asia interpret a large SE Asian block with Borneo at its centre which has been rotated clockwise and displaced southwards along major strike–slip faults during the Cenozoic due to the indentation of Asia by India. However, the geological history of Borneo is not consistent with the island simply forming part of a large block extruded from Asia. The large clockwise rotations and displacements predicted by the indentor model for Borneo are incompatible with palaeomagnetic evidence and there is no evidence that the major strike–slip faults of the Asian mainland reach Borneo. Seismic tomography shows there is a deep high velocity anomaly in the lower mantle beneath SE Asia interpreted as subducted lithosphere but it can be explained just as well by alternative tectonic models as by the indentor model. Very great thicknesses of Cenozoic sediments are present in Borneo and circum-Borneo basins, and large amounts of sediment were transported to the Crocker turbidite fan of north Borneo from the Eocene to the Early Miocene, but all evidence indicates that these sediments were derived from local sources and not from distant sources in Asia elevated by India–Asia collision. The Cenozoic geological history of Borneo records subduction of the proto-South China Sea and Miocene collision after this ocean lithosphere was eliminated, and a variety of effects resulting from long-term subduction beneath SE Asia. There is little to indicate that India–Asia collision has influenced the Cenozoic geological record in Borneo. 相似文献
20.
Late Cenozoic volcanic province in Central and East Asia 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
The paper presents materials on the inner structure of the Late Cenozoic within-plate volcanic province in Central and East
Asia, in which two subprovinces are distinguished: Central Asian and Far Eastern, which comprise a number of autonomously
evolving volcanic areas. Some of the volcanic areas are proved to have evolved for a long time, starting in the Late Mesozoic.
In spite of differences in their age and structural setting, the volcanic areas evolved according to similar scenarios in
the Late Cenozoic. Magmatism in the province was related to a mantle source of the within-plate type. The magmatic associations
are dominated by mafic alkaline high-K rocks. The rocks are geochemically close to basalts of the OIB type, and their isotopic
composition corresponds to a combination of mantle sources of the PREMA, EMI, and EMII types at the predominance of PREMA.
Geological, geochemical, and isotopic lines of evidence suggest that magmatism in the province was related to mantle plumes.
This is consistent with geophysical data, which testify that the volcanic areas are underlain by upwellings of the asthenospheric
mantle or plumes. Seismic tomography data indicate that the “stems” of the plumes can be traced down to the upper and lower
mantle. The province is thought to have been produced when the eastern margin of the Asian plate overlapped one of the branches
of the Pacific superplume at approximately 160 Ma. This branch of the superplume is pronounced in the modern mantle structure
as a cluster of mantle plumes that control (according to seismic tomography data) the interaction zone of the Pacific and
Asian lithospheric plates. 相似文献