共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
山区公路拓宽路基与衡重式挡土墙动态相互作用的数值模拟 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
针对山区公路路基拓宽改建的特殊性,运用非线性有限元法,开展衡重式挡土墙修建、新路基逐层分步填筑的动态施工力学行为数值模拟。针对新路基是否加筋、加筋层位以及衡重台上下方新路基填土压实状况的差异性,对新旧路基稳定安全性、滑动面形态、沉降、挡土墙变位等力学响应的影响开展参数敏感性分析。结合室内模拟墙体不同主动位移模式下拓宽路基土工离心模型试验成果,考察新旧路基顶面沉降与挡土墙变位的动态耦合关系。在山区公路路基拓宽改建动态施工中,挡土墙的变位和新旧路基顶面沉降、差异沉降相互耦合,呈正相关关系。衡重台下方新路基填土压实不足会导致新旧路基顶面差异沉降增大。挡土墙主动外倾诱发新旧路基顶面产生较大附加（差异）沉降,宜对新路基自重压密作用造成的差异沉降予以适当修正放大后进行上承路面结构设计。 相似文献
2.
石笼挡土墙的颗粒离散元细观力学模拟研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
针对在施工过程中,石笼挡土墙墙面位移的发展、墙背填土中土应力的变化的问题,从细观层面,采用基于离散单元法的颗粒流程序,通过多组试件的模拟压缩试验,确定了填土、填石、石笼等材料合理的力学参数值,以工程中的实体石笼挡土墙为原型,建立了墙背阶梯式石笼挡土墙数值模拟模型。通过在填土表面施加均布荷载,研究了挡土墙的力学行为。模拟结果显示：填土中的水平应力随深度的增加对均布荷载的敏感性降低,填土深度越浅,应力值越早得到增加,增加幅度越大,这主要是由于石笼挡土墙上部发生了较大的位移,均布荷载的作用大部分消耗在上层填土中,仅有小部分能量传递到较深填土;石笼挡土墙变形主要发生在填土阶段,应加强石笼挡土墙填土阶段的施工管理;无论是在填土阶段,还是均布荷载作用阶段,石笼挡土墙墙面的位移值均是中上部较大,下部较小。由此可推断,墙背阶梯式石笼挡土墙的破坏形式为倾覆式。 相似文献
3.
为充分利用采煤过程中的废弃物煤矸石,并支持我国碳中和政策,湖南安邵高速公路K128+573—K128+740填方路段采用煤矸石进行填筑,并以格宾网加筋来增强煤矸石路堤边坡的稳定性。基于煤矸石化学成分、级配情况掌握其基本特性,并通过大型直接剪切仪获得格宾网加筋煤矸石的界面剪切特征。借助有限差分软件分析加筋及加筋方式对加筋煤矸石路堤稳定性的影响。结果表明:击实后煤矸石的颗粒级配得到有效改善,曲率系数从4.20变为1.28,有助于满足路堤填筑要求;通过格宾网加筋,煤矸石内摩擦角从35.0°增至40.2°,残余强度衰减率降低;煤矸石路堤边坡坡角水平位移显著减小,有效约束了边坡的变形,且随着路堤高度的增加,加筋效果更为明显;格宾网铺设间距越小,煤矸石路堤边坡安全系数越高,其横向铺设长度存在最优值;对于本工程而言,建议加筋间距、长度分别为3、8 m。随着煤矸石弹性模量的改变,其加筋边坡的稳定性变化并不明显;而当增大格宾网筋材的拉伸模量,格宾网加筋煤矸石路堤边坡的稳定性显著增大。 相似文献
4.
刘汝明 《中国地质灾害与防治学报》2006,17(2):23-27
文章论述了云南昭通盆地膨胀土的工程地质特征、物理力学特征和膨胀性指标,对云南昭通盆地膨胀土地基进行了综合评价,分析了国道213线昭通-麻柳弯汽车专用二级公路膨胀土填土路堤及挡墙向外滑移和纵向开裂的产生原因,并结合具体的工程实践,对昭通地区公路工程的膨胀土灾害提出了采取设置土质台阶,放缓边坡;采用纵横向盲沟排水,采用地基帷幕隔绝沟水渗入地基,采用土工膜隔绝地表水;设置钢筋混凝土轻型挡墙,并采用土工格栅与路堤相连接,选用填料砂性土或碎石土等综合措施进行处理的路基处理方案,以及膨胀土地区进行公路路基施工的原则。该处理方法为云南省首次采用,对膨胀土地区公路的勘察、设计、施工有一定的参考价值。 相似文献
5.
2010年6月28日, 广西凌云-凤山地区在特大强降雨活动之后发生密集的浅源低震级地震活动, 造成严重经济损失.该震群活动是否与强降雨有关, 强降雨是否可以触发震群活动, 仍存在争议.基于该地区地震构造背景, 对震群的活动特征、震源机制解及其与断裂构造的关系进行了分析, 并建立了断层内流体孔隙压力触发断层滑动的力学模型.该浅层震群活动的发生时间、震中位置和活动频次均与特大强降雨具有密切的相关性.认为岩溶地区长期干旱和地下水缺乏有利于地壳浅层的应力积累.地表流体很难通过下渗扩散触发断层的完全解锁和深部滑动, 但岩溶裂隙和管道有利于地表流体快速汇聚下渗, 引起断层浅层强度的弱化, 导致断层部分解锁滑动.并在断层附近形成局部应力场异常和离散的封闭性超压流体, 触发密集的浅层低震级震群活动. 相似文献
6.
作用于挡土墙侧土压力的计算一直沿用经典的土压力理论,其土压力分布沿墙高呈直线分布,但实践证明它们与实际情况不符。在已有研究成果的基础上,为提高计算精度,假定挡土墙后土体潜在滑裂面为由对数螺线面和平面组合而成,根据挡土墙后土体薄层单元的极限平衡条件推导出土压力的计算公式。由于土压力计算值与滑裂面的位置有关,为寻找潜在最危险滑裂面,在简单遗传算法中引入复合形搜索法得到一种高效的复合形遗传算法,并将其用于墙后填土潜在最危险滑裂面搜索和相应主动土压力计算。最后,对室内模型挡墙和现场实际挡墙后填土土压力进行了分析计算,计算值与实测值吻合很好,这表明该方法不仅可行,而且可靠。 相似文献
7.
桩锚挡墙联合支护残积土边坡离心模型试验研究 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
利用土工离心机分别对钢轨桩、锚杆联合重力式挡土墙支护土质边坡的效果进行模型对比试验研究,分析了钢轨桩和锚杆在重力式挡土墙支护土质边坡中的作用。试验结果表明,强降雨诱发重力式挡土墙支护下的残积土边坡产生滑动变形,对边坡稳定构成威胁;挡土墙下打入钢轨桩联合支护土质边坡会大大降低因降雨产生的墙体偏移,但墙顶上部坡体的局部浅层滑动仍不可避免;植入墙顶上部坡体内并锚固于墙身的锚杆对边坡局部浅层滑动起到了很好的抑制作用。在不增加挡墙自重前提下,钢轨桩下延作用以及锚杆锚固作用提升了挡土墙的抗倾覆能力和边坡浅层抗滑塌能力,从坡体内部和浅层同时改善了重力式挡土墙的支护效果;钢轨桩和锚杆的使用均布了挡土墙背部土压力,有效避免了局部应力集中。 相似文献
8.
The common slope stability analysis is incapable of accurately forecasting shallow slides where suction pressures play a critical role. This realization is used for elaborate stability analyses which include soil suction to better predict rainfall-induced slides at railway embankment at Malda where three known cases of slope failures and train derailments occurred after heavy rainfall. The relationship between the soil–water content and the matric suction is established for the embankment soil. It is then used in the coupled analyses of seepage and slope stability to estimate performances of the embankment at different intensity and duration of rainfall. The numerical simulations are performed with the FE code Geo-Studio. The numerical results show significant reduction in the factor of safety of the railway embankment with the increase in the intensity and duration of rainfall. The effectiveness of the proposed mitigation measures including placement of 2 m-wide free draining rockfill across the slopes and drilling 5-m-long sheet pile wall at the toe of the embankment is studied numerically. The study confirms that the proposed mitigation measures effectively increase the factor of safety of the embankment and stabilizing it even in case of a heavy rainfall of 25 mm/h over 12 h. 相似文献
9.
The Kualiangzi landslide was triggered by heavy rainfalls in the “red beds” area of Sichuan Basin in southwestern China. Differing from other bedrock landslides, the movement of the Kualiangzi landslide was controlled by the subvertical cracks and a subhorizontal bedding plane (dip angle < 10°). The ingress of rainwater in the cracks formed a unique groundwater environment in the slope. Field measurement for rainfall, groundwater movement, and slope displacement has been made for the Kualiangzi landslide since 2013. The field monitoring system consists of two rainfall gauges, seven piezometers, five water-level gauges, and two GPS data loggers. The equipments are embedded near a longitudinal section of the landslide, where severe deformation has been observed in the past 3 years. The groundwater responses to four heavy rainfall events were analyzed between June 16 and July 24 in 2013 coincided with the flood season in Sichuan. Results showed that both of the water level and the pore-water pressure increased after each rainfall event with delay in the response time with respect to the precipitation. The maximum time lag reached 35 h occurred in a heavy rainfall event with cumulative precipitation of 127 mm; such lag effect was significantly weakened in the subsequent heavy rainfall events. In each presented rainfall event, longer infiltration period in the bedrock in the upper slope increased the response time of groundwater, compared to that of in the gravels in the lower slope. A translational landslide conceptual model was built for the Kualiangzi landslide, and the time lag was attributed to the gradual formation of the uplift pressure on the slip surface and the softening of soils at the slip surface. Another important observation is the effect on the slope movement which was caused by the water level (H w) in the transverse tension trough developed at the rear edge of the landslide. Significant negative correlation was found for H w and the slope stability factor (F s), in particular for the last two heavy rainfall events, of which the drastic increase of water level caused significant deterioration in the slope stability. The rapid drop (Δ?=?22.5 kPa) of pore-water pressure in the deep bedrock within 1 h and the large increase (Δ?=?87.3 mm) of surficial displacement were both monitored in the same period. In the end, a four-level early warning system is established through utilizing H w and the displacement rate D r as the warning indicators. When the large deformation occurred in flood season, the habitants at the leading edge of the landslide can be evacuated in time. 相似文献
10.
Rainfall, infiltration, and groundwater flow in a terraced slope of Valtellina (Northern Italy): field data and modelling 总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2
The aim of this work was to understand and reproduce the hydrological dynamics of a slope that is terraced by dry retaining
walls. This approach will help to assess the influence of temporary groundwater perched tables, which can form at the area
of contact between the backfill of the wall and the bedrock, on the wall’s stability. The study area is located in Valtellina
(Northern Italy) near the village of Tresenda, which was affected by three debris flows that caused 18 casualties in 1983.
In 2002, another event of the same type affected this area, but that event only caused the interruption of a major transport
road. Direct observations of one of the three flows in 1983 and the reconstruction of 2002 indicated that the most probable
triggering cause was the collapse of a dry retaining wall after its backfill was saturated. After field work was conducted
to discover the principal hydrological and hydrogeological characteristics of the slope, numerical modelling was performed
to determine under what conditions the soil will saturate, and therefore, when the collapse of a dry retaining wall might
occur. First, a study of the interaction between pluviometric events and groundwater behaviour was conducted; then, modelling
was performed using finite element analysis software that permits the calculation of groundwater flow both for completely
and partially saturated conditions. The model was calibrated and validated using the hydrographs of the groundwater table
recorded on site. It can be used as a predictive instrument for rainfall events of a given duration and return period. 相似文献
11.
降雨使坡内地下水位上升,坡体的基质吸力和暂态孔隙水压力会随着降雨过程和时间呈现不同的变化趋势。采用抗滑桩、挡墙等工程防治后,针对滑坡体滑带土的性质变化以及抗滑结构的设置是否会影响到滑坡体的自然排水通道,导致坡体地下水位的抬升,从而影响滑坡防治效果等问题进行了研究。以鹰厦线K290滑坡为主线,通过开展滑坡饱和-非饱和渗流模型试验与数值分析,探讨了降雨入渗及地下水位变化下滑坡体及滑带土体积含水率与基质吸力的变化规律,以及其对滑坡防治前后坡体渗流场的影响。在此基础上,探讨了滑带土基质吸力对抗剪强度的贡献。研究表明：防治前后滑坡体及滑带土基质吸力受降雨强度等条件影响明显,不同深度处滑带土基质吸力变化呈现不同的变化规律,在土质滑坡的防治中应考虑抗滑桩的布置对滑带土性质的影响。 相似文献
12.
强降雨可诱发新近纪软岩质滑坡滑移变形。1955年至今,降雨在陕西宝鸡诱发超过十起大型滑坡灾害。2011年9月19日,宝鸡市区72 h内的降雨量达到332 mm,北坡金鼎寺、簸箕山与高家崖滑坡出现裂缝,威胁市区居民安全。为分析滑坡的变形机制与降雨触发的滑体内地下水位的波动关系,2012—2015年,开展了降雨量、地下水位、孔隙水压力、滑坡应力与位移等物理量的实时监测,统计分析了它们的频率、活动强度及累积变化规律,提出了滑坡的位移扩展模型。研究显示:(1)地下水的活动会影响新近纪软岩质滑坡的变形,但降雨量、地下水位、孔隙水压力、滑坡体应力与位移等物理量变化机制有差异,地下水位、孔隙水压力呈周期性变化,滑坡体的应力、位移的变化具有累积效应;(2)宝鸡市北坡滑坡运动变形具有蠕变、快速滑移两个阶段。降雨会触发的滑坡体各物理量出现加速变化,地下水位波动幅度为0.27~1m,孔隙水压力的变化幅度为10kPa,滑体浅层的水平应力变化幅度为5.6kPa;(3)在判断降雨能否诱发滑坡快速滑移过程中,既需分析滑体应力、位移变化的累积效应,又需分析新近纪软岩质滑带的摩擦破坏机制。 相似文献
13.
针对无黏性土体,采用模型试验的方法,研究平移模式下刚性挡土墙后被动破坏滑裂面的空间形态。自主设计一种模型试验装置,重复开展6次试验,通过记录挡土墙后土体中预埋脆性玻璃条断裂的空间坐标,复原土体发生滑动的位置,绘制出挡土墙后滑裂面的三维形态图。试验结果表明：挡土墙后滑裂面具有明显的三维效应;挡土墙宽度内滑裂面纵向高度呈先缓慢增高后近似直线增高的曲面,初始破裂角度为9°,平均破裂角为26°,朗肯土压力理论的破裂角为28°;最大纵向破裂面长度为1.8倍挡土墙高度,与经典土压力理论的平面假定基本一致;滑裂面均有一定的横向扩展,主平面投影以初始扩散角约45°的斜线往外扩展,距离挡土墙最远处是宽度为0.7倍挡土墙宽度的水平线,斜线与水平线之间以半径为挡土墙宽度的圆弧过渡连接。研究结果为分析土体被动破坏的滑裂面空间形态提供了试验依据。 相似文献
14.
《工程地质学报》2017,25(4):1094-1104
近些年,由于机场建设、公路铁路等地面交通网以及城镇化的建设在黄土丘陵地区开展越来越频繁,形成大量的黄土填方高陡边坡,虽然这些地区的年降雨量较小,但是降雨已经是诱发黄土滑坡的主要因素,通过对研究区黄土高填方边坡进行原位渗流实验和裂缝存在条件下暂态非饱和渗流以及饱和黄土力学特性进行分析的基础上,对降雨诱发黄土高填方支挡边坡失稳机理研究,研究表明:（1）3d后的原位渗流中实验试坑中心的最大入渗深度为1.30m,湿润锋最大深度位于入渗最大深度以下0.20m,但降雨条件下,裂缝的存在是黄土边坡发生浅层滑动的重要因素;（2）当围压小于300kPa时,饱和土体的轴向应变增长到20%左右时,达到稳定状态,在静力驱动剪应力大于稳态抗剪强度的条件下则会使高填方坡体的局部发生流滑破坏;（3）总体来说黄土高填方支挡边坡变形破坏的形成机制为:推移式蠕滑-支挡结构失效-累进性滑移剪断-牵引式溃滑。 相似文献
15.
洪世兴 《水文地质工程地质》1998,25(1):19-22
安顺关脚电站厂区后坡,系一间歇性古滑坡,因压力管道明槽开挖增加新的临空面及工程弃碴堆放欠妥,遇１９９１年汛期短时间内特大降雨量的影响,导致古滑坡复活,毁坏了压力钢管,造成重大经济损失,为了制止滑坡的活动,保证已成建筑物施工期和运行期的安全,在对滑坡进行了稳定分析的基础上,采取了多种工程治理手段,诸如滑坡减载、排水明沟及盲沟、抗滑挡土墙、抗滑桩、坡面整治及绿化等。经过４年多的观察及１９９２年７月１７日厂房三机联合满载甩负荷试验的检验证明,滑坡工程治理是成功的。 相似文献
16.
滑坡是三峡地区主要的地质灾害之一。三峡地区滑坡形成及发展的阶段性与新构造活动密切相关,与气候的冷暖变化也有密切关系。在系统收集三峡地区断裂活动同位素测试年龄的基础上,做出了断裂活动的年龄分布直方图。与滑坡年代分布对比发现,断裂活跃峰期与滑坡活跃峰期相间分布,后者明显滞后于前者;与气候期对比发现,断裂活跃期多对应于气候的由暖转冷阶段。综合分析表明,断裂活跃峰期的构造活动主要为后期滑坡的发生准备了充分的条件,而暖湿气候环境的强降水及地震活动,则是触发滑坡发生的主要因素。 相似文献
17.
Accurate determination of the slip surface profile beneath a landslip is difficult and costly using traditional methods, yet such knowledge is essential for stability analysis and for the design of remedial works. The technique presented here utilises measurements of surface displacements to predict the position and shape of the underlying slip surface. The proposed method has been tested in model studies of all major classes of landslip and on three large landslips. Results indicate that, from a knowledge of ground surface displacements alone, the position of the slip surface can be predicted to within 2% of the distance between movement monitoring stations on the ground surface. 相似文献
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Landslips are often triggered due to non-engineered excavation of potential unstable slopes. Such slips can be stabilized by implementing suitable remedial measures.A landslip occurred at a drilling site of Oil India Limited in Mizoram State due to slope excavation. There was an immediate concern to protect the slope as the drilling platform and the highway at the top of the slope are at risk if further landslide occurs in future. Slope stability analysis of the failed slope was carried out to design suitable control measures for the protection of the slope from further sliding. Slope stability using various methods indicated that the slope is marginally stable. To improve the stability of the slope, suitable retaining structure at the toe of the slope was suggested and designed. Stability analysis performed with inclusion of retaining wall showed a significant increase in factor of safety of the slope. The suggested remedial measure has been implemented at the site and there is no landslip reported since then. The paper presents the results of the slope stability analysis and the design details of the retaining structure prescribed as the protection measure. 相似文献
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如何保持新旧路基间的变形协调是拓宽工程中普遍关注的问题,目前尚缺乏对于拓宽方式对软土路基工程特性影响的直接对比分析。本文开展离心模型试验,采用普通填料或气泡轻质土进行放坡或挡墙拓宽,分析了新旧路基变形、地基土中孔压和土压力在路基拓宽后的变化规律。试验结果表明,气泡轻质土显著减小拓宽过程中产生的孔隙水压力增量和附加应力增量。相较于边坡拓宽,挡墙拓宽方式对地基影响更小。轻质土路堤采用挡墙拓宽方式引起的挡墙倾角和墙背土压力均较小。采用Boussinesq公式计算得到的拓宽路堤引起的地基中附加应力分布与实测值基本吻合,且偏于保守。本文的研究成果对指导路基拓宽工程具有借鉴意义。 相似文献