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1.
云南元谋干热河谷造林区植被生长与土壤渗透性的关系   总被引:8,自引:3,他引:8  
张建辉  李勇  杨忠 《山地学报》2001,19(1):25-28
通过云南元谋干热河谷造林区林分生物量及生产力指标与双环入渗试验的土壤入渗性能指标的相关分析,发现乔木生长与土壤渗透性具有显著正相关关系(P<0.01),地表枯枝落叶量与土壤渗透性的相关关系也较密切(P<0.05),而灌草生长与土壤渗透性无显著相关。研究指出,改善土壤入渗性能的措施,如沿等高线开深沟种植、禁止放牧践踏、保护地表枯枝落叶等均对林木生长有积极的影响。  相似文献   

2.
<正> 桉树,原产大洋洲和印度尼西亚及其附近岛屿,其纯种、变种及天然杂交种多达945种,为高大乔木,速生丰产,生产周期短。目前,在世界90多个国家和地区广泛栽种,占世界人工林的三分之一。  相似文献   

3.
横断山区干旱河谷植被类型   总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2  
横断山区干旱河谷植被,按植物群落的生态外貌、种类组成与结构特点,可分为4个类型(即:稀树灌木草丛,肉质刺灌丛,扭曲云南松疏林,小叶刺灌丛)15个群落。按干旱河谷的区域分异、水热状况、山地植被垂直带和利用方向,将本区干旱河谷分为4个类型(即:干热、干暖、干温、干凉)7个区。  相似文献   

4.
对甘肃小陇山锐齿栎群落乔木层生物量进行大量的野外调查和分析,结果表明:1.锐齿栎单一优势种混交群落生物量最大,其次为锐齿栎-鹅耳枥等小乔木混交群落,而锐齿栎单一优势种群落(纯林)生物量相对较小,杂木林群落生物量最小,其生物量比锐齿栎单一优势种混交群落低34.27%;2.锐齿栎群落乔木层的生物量增长规律为在群落发育成熟(80林龄左右)之前生物量在一直增加,到形成稳定的群落结构(成熟林),生物量趋于稳定(200 t/hm2),随群落发育进入末期,生物量有可能稍有降低;3.锐齿栎群落乔木层生物量在阴、阳坡都随海拔梯度先升高,后降低,呈典型的“中间膨胀”模式。  相似文献   

5.
云南干热河谷农业干旱和对策研究   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
何永彬  朱彤  卢培泽 《热带地理》2003,23(2):154-157
干热河谷是我国西南散布的一类半干旱、干旱地带,自然水分的缺乏制约着干热河谷优势光、热、土地等资源的开发。干旱环境的形成,有显著的低纬、山原、季风的背境特征,农业干旱直接受区域降水与蒸发,地表水与地下水,人类开发利用水资源程度等因素的制约影响,并形成了3种类型的农业干旱地域。为了改善农业干旱状况,需要采取增加控制水量,山地—河谷水资源整体规划,发展高效用水的农业产业等措施。从实际中提炼干热河谷水资源开发的4个模式,并提出了相关的对策意见。  相似文献   

6.
川西米亚罗林区云杉天然林与人工林的群落特征比较   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
云杉林是四川西部山区重要的群落类型,为了解云杉天然林和人工林在物种组成、物种多样性以及群落结构等方面的差异,促进该区域植被的恢复与重建,我们设置典型样地对两种林型进行了详细调查,通过比较分析表明:在川西米亚罗林区,林龄在30 a左右的云杉林,其天然林乔木层、灌木层的物种数以及其所属科、属数均明显比人工林多一些,而草本层物种数相差不大;但从物种多样性指数方面看,除天然林乔木层物种多样性要明显高于人工林外,二者在灌木层和草本层上无显著差异.天然林和人工林乔木层的生长状况无显著差异,天然林灌木层物种的平均密度和平均高度要显著大于人工林,平均盖度则没有显著差异;草本层各群落特征指标在两种林型之间没有显著差异.但是天然林乔木层、灌木层和草本层的物种个体数在不同样地之间的变幅均要比人工林小.物种相似性指数的比较表明,天然林与人工林内物种组成较为一致,没有显著差异.  相似文献   

7.
栌菊木是菊科中木本属栌菊木属(Nouelia)的唯一种,1888年由Franch确立,模式产地在云南宾川大坪子。该种产于滇北、川西海拔1000-2800m的干旱河谷,多见于金沙江河谷环境较为干热的山坡灌木丛中。栌菊木是菊科中的原始类型。是第三纪的孑遗植物,起源比较古老,为中国特有分布种。在虎跳峡内,该种分布于海拔1730-1900m间的谷坡上,呈乔木状,聚成群落而且成为建群种。  相似文献   

8.
细根是植物根系中直径2 mm的部分,对植物群落功能的发挥和土壤碳库及全球碳循环具有重要意义。人工林是森林的重要组成部分,在全球碳循环中扮演着重要的角色,但目前对人工林的研究相对较少。沙枣人工林是西部荒漠地区重要的人工林类型,目前对于其固碳能力的研究尚属空白。利用土柱法和分解袋法,于2010年5~10月整个生长季节内,对三工河流域人工沙枣群落的细根生物量、分解与周转规律进行了研究。结果表明:沙枣群落的细根生物量表现出明显的季节和垂直变化,即在5~8月逐渐增加,8月达到最大值,9~10月逐渐下降。平均月细根生物量为146.24 g/m2,活细根和死细根分别占总细根生物量的73%和27%。在垂直变化上,随土壤深度增加细根生物量逐渐降低,其中,0~10 cm土层细根生物量比例最大,占总生物量的44.63%。沙枣群落的细根年分解率为58.5%。达到半分解和95%分解时,分别需要277d和1093d。沙枣群落的细根净生产力分别为151.99 g·m-2·a-1,细根年周转率分别为1.43次。实验证明,沙枣人工群落地下根系具有较高的生产力,具有良好的固碳能力,是适合在荒漠地区大力推广的人工林树种。  相似文献   

9.
元谋干热河谷植被呈多顶极分布格局.稀树灌草丛是一具次生性的河谷气候顶极群落,但在发生上也有一定的古老性.扭黄茅+车桑子群落是在现代自然-人为因素强烈影响下形成的一个亚顶极群落.  相似文献   

10.
千年桐人工林乔木层的生物量特征   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
研究生物质能源树种千年桐人工林乔木层生物量特征及其分配规律.采用样地调查和标准木收获法测定2a、3 a、5a、7a、9a生千年桐人工林乔木层生物量,建立千年桐人工林乔木层生物量回归模型,其全株的相关系数为0.980 1,其他组分相关系数均在0.9093以上,具有良好的相关性.结果表明:2a、3a、5 a、7 a、9a生林分乔木层生物量分别为41.162t/hm2,51.15 t/hm2,58.656 t/hm2,114.005 t/hm2,134.894 t/hm2,9a生林分乔木层生物量是分别7a,5a,3 a,2a生林分的1.183倍,2.300倍,2.637倍,3.277倍.各器官生物量分配中,9 a生林分的树杆对乔木层生物量贡献最大,达到41.09%,贡献率最小的是2a生林分,为38.54%;7 a生林分的树枝对乔木层生物量贡献率最大,达到26.1%,贡献率最小的是5a生林分,为22.8%;5 a生林分的树叶对乔木层生物量贡献率最大,为13.72%,贡献率最小的是7a生林分,为10.38%;7 a生林对林分的树根生物量贡献率最大,为23.68%,贡献率最小的是9a生林分,为21.52%.乔木层的生物量主要以树杆为主,杆、枝、叶、根的生物量均表现出明显随林龄增长而递增的规律.  相似文献   

11.
BOOK REVIEWS     
Book Reviewed in this article: Development and Environment in Peninsular Malaysia . S. Robert Aiken, Colin H. Leigh, Thomas R. Leinbach, Michael R. Moss. The Rural-Urban Fringe: Canadian Perspectives . Ken B. Beesley and Lorne H. Russwurm, eds. Women and Development . Lourdes Benería, ed. The Border that Joins: Mexican Migrants and U.S. Responsibility . Peter G. Brown and Henry Shue, eds. Cities of the World: World Regional Urban Development . Stanley D. Brunn and Jack L. Williams, eds. Time Resources, Society, and Ecology: On the Capacity for Human Interaction in Space and Time (Vol. I, Preindustrial Societies). Tommy Carlstein. Urban Geography . David Clark. Spanish City Planning in North America . Dora P. Crouch, Daniel J. Garr, and Axel I. Mundigo. Not On Our Street: Community Attitudes to Mental Health Care . M. J. Dear and S. M. Taylor Unequal growth: Urban and Regional Employment Change in the U.K. Stephen Fothergill and Graham Gudgin. Agricultural Land in an Urban Society . Owen J. Furuseth and John T. Pierce. The Petroleum Industry in Oil-Importing Developing Countries . Fariborz Ghadar. Historical Understanding in Geography, An Idealist Approach . Leonard Guelke. Regional Planning in Europe . R. Hudson and J. R. Lewis, eds. Remote Sensing for Resource Management . Chris J. Johannsen and James L. Sanders, eds. Geography and The State . R. J. Johnston. Texas Graveyards: a Cultural Legacy . Tlrry G. Jordan. The Politics of Location: An Introduction . Andrew Kirby. A Social Geography of the City . David Ley. Energy and the Future . Douglas MacLean and Peter Brown, eds. The Natural Environment of Newfoundland Past and Present . A. G. Macpherson and J. B. Macpherson, eds. Tourism: Economic, Physical and Social Impacts . Alister Mathieson and Geoffrey Wall. Railroads and Land Grant Policy: A Study in Government Intervention . Lloyd J. Mercer. Progress in Rural Geography . Michael Pacione, ed. Progress in Urban Geography . Michael Pacione, ed. Models of Spatial Inequality: Settlement Patterns in Historical Archaeology . Robert Paynter. Natural Hazard Risk Assessment and Public Policy, Anticipating the Unexpected . William J. Petak and Arthur A. Atkisson. The Nature of Geomorphology . Alistair F. Pitty. Regional Conflict and National Policy . Kent A. Price Women and Spatial Change: Learning Resources for Social Science Courses . Arlene C. Rengert and Janice J. Monk, eds. Urban and Regional Analysis for Development Planning . Richard Rhoda. Rivers: Form and Process in Alluvial Channels . Keith Richards. This Remarkable Continent: An Atlas of United States and Canadian Society and Culture . John F. Rooney, Jr., Wilbur Zelinsky, and Dean R. Louder, gen. eds. The Origins of Open-Field Agriculture . Trevor Rowley, ed. Residential Location Determinants of the Older Population . Gundars Rudzitis. Borderland Sourcebook: A Guide to the Literature on Northern Mexico and the American Southwest . Ellwyn R. Stoddard, Richard L. Nostrand, and Jonathan P. West, eds. Arctic and Antarctic . David Sugden. Tall Timbers Ecology and Management Conference, February 22–24, 1979, Proceedings No. 16 . Graphic Communication and Design in Contemporary Cartography (Progress in Contemporary Cartography , Vol. II). D. R. Fraser Taylor, ed. Living with Energy Shortfall: A Future for American Towns and Cities . Jon Van Til. The United States: Habitation of Hope . J. Wreford Watson. Air Photo Interpretation for Archaeologists . D. R. Wilson. Urban and Rural Change in West Germany . Trevor Wild, ed. Population and Resources . Harry Robinson.  相似文献   

12.
<正>1 Introduction In 2013,Chagusaba,which is traditional tea-grass integrated system in Shizuoka,were accepted as new world heritage site of agriculture.Shizuoka prefecture occupies a variety of elevations,from 0 to 3000m or more above sea level.Because of the diversity of land features and climates,this area produces 167 agricultural commodities.In addition,a lot of traditional agriculture and over200 local native varieties of crops have been conserved in Shizuoka  相似文献   

13.
<正>There are more than 10000 years of agricultural development history in the world that has provided very fruitful and ingenious traditional knowledge and experiences reflecting the evolution of humanity and the nature.In2002,the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations(FAO)initiated an international partnership initiative of"Conservation and Adaptive Management of Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems  相似文献   

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BOOK REVIEWS     
Book Reviewed in this article: Geography and the Third World. International Seminar, 14–18 May 1980, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia . Ishmail Ahmad and Jamaluddin Md Jahi, eds. The Growth Dilemma: Residents' Views and Local Population Change in the United States . Mark Baldassare. Sport and Place: A Geography of Sport in England, Scotland & Wales . John Bale. The Deindustrialization of America: Plant Closings, Community Abandonment, and the Dismantling of Basic Industry . Barry Bluestone and Bennett Harrison. Selected Essays 1963–1975: Carl O. Sauer . Bob Callahen, ed. Housing and Planning in the Countryside . G. Clark. Conflict, Politics and the Urban Scene . Kevin R. Cox and R. J. Johnston, eds. Thematic Maps: Their Design and Production . David J. Cuff and Mark T. Mattson. Wine: A Geographic Appreciation . Harm Jan de Blij. USSR in Maps . J. C. Dewdney. Political Geography: A Contemporary Perspective . Ramesh D. Dikshit. Rethinking Human Adaptation . Rada Dyson-Hudson and Michael A. Little, eds. Sacred Sands: The Struggle for Community in the indiana Dunes . J. Ronald Engel. Geography of the Biosphere . A. Furley and Walter W. Newey. Disaster and Reconstruction . Robert Geipel. Glasgow: The Making of a City . Andrew Gibb. Design for Arid Regions . Giden S. Golany, ed. Urbanization and Cancer Mortality: The United States Experience, 1950–1975 . Michael R. Greenberg. Geology in the Nineteenth Century: Changing Views of a Changing World . Mott T. Greene. Colonización y Destrucción de Bosques en Panamá . Stanley Heckadon Moreno and Alberto McKay, eds. Urban Geography: A First Approach . David T. Herbert and Colin J. Thomas. The Visual and Spatial Structure of Landscapes . Tadahiko Higuchi. Climate from Tree Rings . M. K. Hughes, P. M. Kelly, J. R. Pilcher, and V. C. LaMarche, Jr., eds. The structure of Nineteenth Century Cities . James H. Johnson and Colin G. Pooley, eds. The American Planner: Biographies and Recollections . Donald A. Krueckeberg, ed. Urban Land Policy For the 1980s, the Message for State and Local Government . George Lefcoe, ed. Regional Planning: Evolution, Crisis and Prospects . Gill C. Lim, ed. Relevance and Ethics In Geography . Bruce Mitchell and Dianne Draper. China: The Geography of Development and Modernization . Clifton W. Pannell and Laurence J. C. MA. The Urban Retailing System . Robert B. Potter. Hants. Nonconventional Energy Resources . Philip R. Pryde. Caribbean Migrants: Environment and Human Survival on St. Kitts and Nevis . Bonham C. Richardson. Population and Resources . Harry Robinson. East Los Angeles: History of A Barrio . Ricardo Romo. Integrated Impact Assessment . Frederick A. Rossini and Alan L. Porter, eds. Environmental Aesthetics: Essays in Interpretation . Barry Sadler and Allen Carlson, eds. Earthwatch . Charles Sheffield. Field Techniques and Research Methods in Geography . Robert H. Stoddard. Haiti: Land of Poverty . Robert J. Tata. Weathering and Erosion: Sources and Methods in Geography . Stephen T. Trudgill. Once Beneath the Forest. Prehistoric Terracing in the Río Bec Region of the Maya Lowlands . B. L. Turner, II. The Historical Geography of Scotland since 1707 . David Turnock.  相似文献   

16.
BOOK REVIEWS     
Book Reviewed in this article: The City in Cultural Context . John Agnew, John Mercer, David Sopher, eds. Soils and Geomorphology Peter W. Birkeland. Urbanization and Settlement Systems, International Perspectives . L. S. Bourne, R. Sinclair, and K. Dziewoński. eds. An Introduction to Urban Historical Geography . Harold Carter. Overshoot, The Ecological Basis of Revolutionary Change . William J. Catton, Jr. Rivers of the World . Eberhard Czaya. Jewish Communities in Frontier Societies: Argentina, Australia and South Africa . Daniel J. Elazar with Peter Medding. Color in Public Spaces: Toward a Communication-Based Theory of the Urban Built Environment. Kenneth E. Foote. Spatial Statistics and Models. Gary L. Gaile and Cort J. Willmott, eds. Mega-Geomorphology. Rita Gardner and Helen Scoging, eds. Technological Change and Regional Development. Gillespie, ed. The Arid Lands: Their Use and Abuse. R. L. Heathcote. The Location of Industry in Britain. A. G. Hoare. Groundwater as a Geomorphic Agent . R. G. LaFleur, ed. Rural Public Services: International Comparisons. Richard E. Lonsdale and Gyorgy Enyedi, eds. Saving Water in a Desert City. William E. Martin, Helen M. Ingram, Nancy K. Laney, and Adrian H. Griffin. Water Resources: Distribution, Use and Management. John R. Mather. Transnationals and the Third World: The Struggle for Culture. Armand Mattelart. South Hadley, MA: USGS Digital Cartographic Data Standards. R. B. McEwen, R. E. Witmer, and B. S. Ramey, eds. The Ecosystem Concept in Anthropology. Emilio F. Moran, ed. Boulder, CO: Women, Men, and the International Division of Labor. June Nash and Maria Patricia Fernandez-Kelly, eds. Nuclear Power: Assessing and Managing Hazardous Technology. Martin J. Pasqualetti and K. David Pijawka, eds. Mary Somerville and the Cultivation of Science 1815-1840. Elizabeth Chalmers Patterson. An Introduction to Coastal Geomorphology. John Pethick. Late Quaternary Environments of the United States , Vol. 1, The Late Pleistocene. Stephen C. Porter, ed. Planning and Ecology. R. D. Roberts and T. M. Roberts, eds. Regionalism and the Pacific Northwest. William G. Robbins, Robert J. Frank, and Richard E. Ross, eds. Environment and Health. Anthony J. Rowland and Paul Cooper. Sunbelt/Snowbelt: Urban Development and Regional Restructuring. Larry Sawers and William K. Tabb, eds. The Bad Earth. Environmental Degradation in China. Vaclav Smil. Armonk, NY: Voyage into Substance: Art, Science, Nature, and the Illustrated Travel Account, 1760–1840. Barbara Maria Stafford. The Institute of British Geographers: The First Fifty Years. Robert W. Steel. Visions of the Past. Christopher Taylor and Richard Muir. Glacial Lake Agassiz. J. T. Teller and Lee Clayton, eds. The Tule Breakers: The Story of the California Dredge. John Thompson and Edward A. Dutra. The Balkan City 1400–1900. Nikolai Todorov. Explanation, Prediction and Planning: the Lowry model. Michael J. Webber. Mercedes Reales: Hispanic Land Grants of the Upper Rio Grande Region. Victor Westphall. The World Atlas of Revolutions. Andrew J. M. Wheatcroft. The West European City, A Social Geography. Paul White. Urban Elites and Mass Transportation. J. Allen Whitt. Princeton, NJ: Urban Life In Contemporary China. Martin King Whyte and William L. Parish. The Demand for Energy in the Soviet Union. David Wilson. London and Canberra: Rethinking Geographical Inquiry. J. David Wood, ed.  相似文献   

17.

Reviews of geographic software in this article:

DEMO-GRAPHICS: WORLD POPULATIONS AND PROJECTIONS.

ESP

GAUSS.

CEMODEL S. Damus

LIMDEP. William H. Greene

MICROSTAT 4.1

OTIS

PCIPS. (Personal Computer Image Processing System). H.J. Meyers and R. Bernstein.

REGRESSION ANALYSIS OF TIME SERIES (RATS)

SPSS/PC+

URBAN DATA MANAGEMENT SOFTWARE (UDMS)  相似文献   

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BOOK REVIEWS     
Book Reviewed in this article: Rabat: Urban Apartheid in Morocco . Janet Abu -Lughod . Marketplaces in a Developing Country: The Case of Western Nigeria . Isaac Ayinde Adalemo . Farming Development and Space: A World Agricultural Geography . Bernd Andreae . Section and Party: A Political Geography of American Presidential Elections, from Andrew Jackson to Ronald Reagan . J. Clark Archer and Peter J. Taylor . Women and Space: Ground Rules and Social Maps . Shirley Ardener , ed. European Progress in Spatial Analysis . R. J. Bennett , ed. The Origins of Academic Geography in the United States . Brian W. Blouet Geographic Perspectives on Global Problems . Ronald Reed Boyce . Seasonal Dimensions to Rural Poverty . Robert Chambers , Richard Longhurst and Arnold Pacey eds. The New Nationalism and the Use of Common Spaces: Issues in Marine Pollution and the Exploitation of Antarctica . Jonathan I. Charney , ed. Communications Tomorrow: The Coming of the Information Society . Edward Cornish , ed. The Design of Suburbia . Arthur Edwards . Explorer on the Northern Plains: Lieutenant Gouverneur K. Warren's Preliminary Report of Explorations in Nebraska and Dakota in the Years 1855–56–57. With an Introduction by Frank N. Schubert . The Changing Climate: Responses of the Natural Flora and Fauna . Michael J. Ford . Essentials of Physical Geography . Robert E. Gabler , Robert J. Sager , Sheila Brazier , and Daniel L. Wise. The Road to Jaramillo . William Glen . Valued Environments . John R. Gold and Jacquelin Burgess , eds. Proximity and Preference: Problems in the Multidimensional Analysis of Large Data Sets . Reginald G. Golledge and John N. Rayner , eds. A Search for Common Ground . Peter Gould and Gunnar Olsson , eds. Geography: Its History and Concepts . Arild Holt -Jensen . A Population Geography . Huw R. Jones . The Human Mosaic: A Thematic Introduction to Cultural Geography, 3rd ed. Terry G. Jordan and Lester Rowntree . Urban Social Geography: An Introduction . Paul Knox . The Anatomy of Job Loss: The How, Why and Where of Employment Decline . Doreen Massey and Richard Meegan . The Information Society as Post-Industial Society . Yoneji Masuda . Map Librarianship, 2nd ed. Harold Nichols . India: Cultural Patterns and Processes . Allen G. Noble and Ashok K. Dutt , eds. The God that Limps: Science and Technology in the Eighties . Colin Norman . Geography: An Introductory Perspective . Robert E. Norris , Keith D. Harries and John D. Vitek . The Politics of Technology Assessment . David M. O'Brien and Donald A. Marchand . Ethnic Segregation in Cities . Ceri Peach , Vaughan Robinson and Susan Smith , eds. Churches and Church Membership in the United States, 1980 . Bernard Quinn , Herman Anderson , Martin Bradley , Paul Goetting and Peggy Shriver . Energy in Australia: Politics and Economics . Hugh Saddler . Development from Above or Below? The Dialectics of Regional Planning in Developing Countries . Walter B. Stóuhr and D. R. Fraser Taylor , eds. Human Impact on the Ecosystem . Joy Tivy and Greg O'Hare . Plants and People: Vegetation Change in North America . Thomas R. Vale . The Mapmakers: The Story of the Great Pioneers in Cartography from Antiquity to the Space Age . John Noble Wilford .  相似文献   

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