共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 171 毫秒
1.
INTRODUCnON-WatertemperatheanddissolvedoxygenareimportantenvironmentalfactorsinthegmwthanddevelOPmntofaqUaticorgAnsms.ThereareInanPublishedstUdiesontheox-.ygenconsUInPtionrate(OCR)oftheprawn')(WangJim,l986;WangDanghenetal-,199l;ZangWeilingetal-,l992,l993),buttheydidnotcontalndetailedinfonnaionabouttheeffectoftemPerabeontheOCR-ThePresentstudydetendnedtheOCRofju-venilesofChineseprawn,gianttiserprawnandgiantfreshwaterprawnthatwererearedatdifferenttemperatllresforaboutaweekattheCaoj… 相似文献
2.
The patterns of isozyme variation throughout the life cycle of the giant tiger prawn,Penaeus monodon were described for ten enzyme systems (G3PD, MDH, LGG, GPI, MPI, FBP, PGM, LDH, PGD, and PROT). The zymograms showed little
variation in the number of isozymic loci expressed during larval development compared with results reported for other penaeid
prawns. There were specific ontogenic patterns at some loci. As larvae developed beyond the embryonic stage, there was a tendency
for intensity of staining and complexity of banding patterns to increase. 相似文献
3.
A solid powder oxygen-releasing agent was developed and tested in prawn culture. Dissolved oxygen (DO) is a basic necessity
for aquatic life and is affected by water temperature, climate, plankton, etc. DO variation in culture ponds strongly and
consequently affects prawn growth and production output. In summer, when air temperature is high, pond water is polluted (by
prawn feed leftovers) and cannot be changed fully and as frequently as necessary; especially at night, when there is no sunlight
for photosynthesis with oxygen as a by-product, the DO in pond water can decrease rapidly. Under the above circumstances,
the prawns experience serious lack of oxygen before dawn and die in large number. To solve this problem, we developed an oxygen-releasing
agent with excellent performance.
Contribution No. 1857 from the Institute of Oceanology, Academia Sinica. 相似文献
4.
ImooUrnONTheedycarsePiddricofprawndiscaseintheprawnculturecoastalarmsofChi-naandsoutheastAsiaresultedinnoproduCtinnoutputfromrnostprawnpondsandheaVyerenoAnclosscyumbull,l994).Upt0now,devemeasimtopreventandtreatthediseasehavenotbopresental,althoughwaterenvironmentdeteriorationisconunn-lyknowntobethekcyfactorcausingthisdhase(Jiang,l994).ThispreliIninrystudyonthereati0nsbetweenprawndiseaseandfactorsthatseriouslyaffodwatetenvirDimtalquality(WaterteInPeratllre,waterexchangeamount,andarnountSa… 相似文献
5.
This study deals with the hydrochemical state and management measures for the intermediate culturepond for Chinese prawn (Penaeus orientalis) juveniles. The test result showed that the intermediate cultureof Chinese prawn juvenile can be advanced to around March 20 in the Shanghai area if they are culturedin ponds in simple greenhouses of plastic knitting cloth.The density of juveniles introduced was about35 million per hectare, survival was up to 55%. 相似文献
6.
The present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of either individual or combined wheat bran(WB) replacement with Azolla pinnata supplemented with Digestin~(TM) in the diet of freshwater prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii Postlarvae(PL) on growth performance, nutrient utilization, chemical body composition and survival(%). Experimental diets were a wheat bran-soybean based diet with no Azolla and Digestin~(TM)(control, T_1), and diets containing 17% Azolla supplemented with Digestin~(TM) 0%(T_2), 1%(T_3), 2%(T_4) and 3%(T 5). Each experimental diet was allocated into three tanks(6 m~3/tank) fed for 12 wks. Each tank was subdivided into three equal pens by nets(2 m~3) and stoked with 84 PL/m~2. The experimental diets were readily consumed by prawns PLs where both high growth and good feed efficiency were achieved for all diets. The results showed that the diets containing A. pinnata supplemented with Digestin? at the level up to 3% have the higher growth and better nutrient utilization than the control diet. No differences were observed for moisture and protein content among the experimental diets. However, the highest protein content was observed on prawns fed on diets T_1 and T 5 respectively, while the lowest value was recorded for T_4 diet. The results also show that prawn PLs fed the diets contain A. pinnata and supplemented with Digestin~(TM) recorded the highest values of body lipid content compared to the control diet. Feed efficiency and economic conversion rate(ECR) values show that economic performance and the cost-effectiveness of the A. pinnata supplemented with up to 3% Digestin~(TM) recorded the highest net return, and therefore it is recommended for prawn, M. rosenbergii PL's. These results are clearly indicating that A. pinnata have a good potential for use in prawn diets at reasonable levels than other conventional diets. 相似文献
7.
This study deals with the toxic effects of Zn2+, Cu2+, Cd2+ and NH3 on Chinese prawn (Penaeus orientalis). The median lethal concentrations of the toxic matters on Chinese prawn were determined. Cd2+>Cu2+>Zn2+>NH3-Nm is the toxic order of these chemicals to Chinese prawn. The toxic order of concentrated Zn2+ and Cd2+ in tissues and organs of Chinese prawn is in the order. gill>shell+appendage>viscera>muscle. 相似文献
8.
王小华 《中国海洋湖沼学报》1995,13(2):147-154
Studies of dynamics in Albatross Bay, the Gulf of Carpentaria, Australia, show strong tides of which M_2is the dominant constituent in the region. Tidal fronts are present and they can be modeled by a 2-Dtidal model. Density currents have also been observed with seasonal variations due to the influence ofwet or dry seasons. This paper reviews the effects of these dynamics on the migration of prawn postlarvae in AlbatrossBay and its estuaries. It is found that through its vertical movement triggered by change of salinity theprawn postlarvae can be transported from the coast to the estuary by tides within 2.8 weeks. Howeverthis horizontal displacement mechanism may be destroyed by the tidal front in Albatross Bay. Densitycurrents may alter prawn postlarvae positions in Albatross Bay on a seasonal scale. 相似文献
9.
在实验室条件下模拟多种氮源共存的虾池水环境,利用稳定同位素示踪剂,研究温度、光照、盐度、pH、藻浓度对波吉卵囊藻氨氮吸收速率的影响。结果表明:温度、光照和藻浓度对波吉卵囊藻氨氮吸收速率影响极显著(P<0.01)。当温度为20℃,照度为4 500 lx,藻浓度为5.5×105/mL,波吉卵囊藻对氨氮均有最大的吸收速率,分别为1.114、1.400、1.482μg g-1 h-1。单因素方差分析得出波吉卵囊藻吸收氨氮的最优组合为:温度20℃,照度4 500lx,盐度15,pH 7.5,藻浓度5.5×105/mL。可通过对环境因子的调控,提高波吉卵囊藻对水体中氨氮的吸收速率。 相似文献
10.
Endosulfan, an organochlorine pesticide, is highly toxic and effective at controlling pests in agriculture, horticulture, and public health programs. In this study, static bioassays were used to evaluate the toxicity of endosulfan to freshwater prawns( Macrobrachium rosenbergii) of various lengths(1.5±0.03,4±0.08, and 7±0.06 cm). Additionally, the activities of peroxidase(POD), acid phosphatase(ACP),alkaline phosphatase, acetylcholinesterase(AChE), and Na + /K +-ATPase were analyzed to refl ect the effects of endosulfan exposure. The 96 h LC 50 of endosulfan for prawns 1.5, 4, and 7 cm long were 1.86, 4.53,and 6.09μg/L, respectively, improved tolerance to endosulfan with growth. The POD activities of test organisms exposed to low concentrations of endosulfan were inhibited, indicating the presence of oxygen damaged tissue. Moreover, a notable decrease in AChE activity was observed due to overstimulation of neurotransmission, which might result in abnormal behavior. The effect caused by endosulfan on phosphatase production in the hepatopancreas of prawns 1.5, 4, and 7 cm long was different because the ability of nonspecifi c immune regulation increased with growth. The 96 h LC 50 values obtained in this study could be used in the formulation of water-quality criteria in China. Moreover, the changes in enzymes activities of M. rosenbergii under stress of endosulfan could be applied in the establishment of early warning indicators for bio-safety. 相似文献
11.
光照与日本沼虾繁殖和孵化关系极为密切。研究了不同波长的光对日本沼虾孵化的影响 ,结果表明 :在环境光谱主峰值 4 70 .5nm、4 77.9nm、4 92 .6nm、5 0 4 .8nm和 6 15 .2nm条件下 ,适度成熟的亲虾都能顺利孵化 ,日本沼虾孵化与否 ,与孵化环境中的光波波长无关 ,而与抱卵日本沼虾胚胎发育有关。日本沼虾在孵化期对不同波长的光谱有明显的视觉敏感度分布 ,在前 4种光谱条件下 ,日本沼虾视觉器官敏感 ,而在光谱主峰值 6 15 .2nm时日本沼虾视觉器官不敏感。这一特点在日本沼虾育苗生产上具指导意义 ,可防止抱卵亲虾在孵化过程中吞食幼体 ,提高幼体成活率 相似文献
12.
The patterns of isozyme variation throughout the life cycle of the giant tiger prawn, Penaeusmonodon were described for ten enzyme systems (G3PD, MDH, LGG, GPI, MPI, FBP, PGM, LDH,PGD, and PROT). The zymograms showh little variation in the number of isozymic loci expressed duringlarval development compared with results reported for other penaeid prawns. There were specific ontogenicpatterns at some loci. As larvae developed beyond the embryonic stage, there was tendency for intensityof staining and complexity of banding patterns to increase. 相似文献
13.
Samee Haider 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2010,9(2):178-184
In order to better understand shrimp allergen,some basic characters of the major allergen of greasy-back shrimp (Metapenaeus ensis)were investigated.The major allergen was extracted and separated,and its peptide mass fingerprint(PMF) was analyzed using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry(MALDI-TOF-MS).After screening in the NCBI database with Mascot searching engine,the results indicated that the major allergen of greasy-back shirmp was muscle tropomyosin.Database matching search showed that the top protein matched,i.e.the tropomyosin from giant tiger prawn(Penaeus monodon),had a Mowse value of 268.In addition,there were 27 queries matched with the allergen in greasy-back shirmp with an amino acid sequence coverage value of 65%.The matching scores and the sequence coverage values were also high with tropomyosins of other invertebrates,including Tyrophagus putrescentiae and Lepisma saccharina.These results indicated that the allergen of Metapenaeus ensis had high homology with other crustacean allergens,and provided molecular explanations for the high cross-reactivity of the major allergens between crustaceans and some other invertebrates. 相似文献
14.
《中国海洋湖沼学报》2017,(5)
A massive bloom of the giant jellyfi sh Nemopilema nomurai occurred in waters off Qinhuangdao,a port city in Hebei Province,in July 2013.However,jellyfi sh larvae were not found in this location during the previous winter and spring.To determine the possible origin of the giant jellyfi sh medusa in the Bohai Sea,we developed a backward particle-tracking model and a series of numerical simulations were conducted by using the hydrodynamic,three-dimensional Regional Ocean Modeling System(ROMS)results.The simulated results showed that passive particles,representing jellyfi sh medusae,released in surface waters at diff erent dates during the summer had consistent trajectories.Particles released at the sea surface on August1 and 15 could be traced back to the center of the Bohai Sea and to waters between Feiyan Shoal and the new Huanghe(Yellow)River estuary.Particles released on July 1 and 15 could also be traced back to the center of the Bohai Sea and to waters between Feiyan Shoal and only to Zhuangxi tide station.However,none of the particles released in the middle and bottom water layers could be traced back to those areas.Based on the results of the numerical simulations,the distribution characteristics of seafl oor sediments,and observational data for giant jellyfi sh in the region,we suggest that waters between Feiyan Shoal and the new Huanghe River estuary are the likely origin of giant jellyfi sh observed near Qinhuangdao in summer. 相似文献
15.
The Wenchuan Earthquake that occurred in May of 2008 caused damages to large areas of Sichuan, Gansu, and Shaanxi provinces
in China. Reports from local governments and related management agencies show that the giant panda nature reserves in the
earthquake-hit areas were heavily damaged. Our estimates in this paper of the impacts of the earthquake on the giant panda
in the earthquake-hit areas were made based on the interpretation of remote sensing images and information collected by field
survey. A rapid assessment method was designed to estimate the damages of the earthquake on giant panda habitats. By using
visual interpretation methods, we decoded the remote sensing images of the disaster area in the 49 giant panda nature reserves.
Research results showed that the Wenchuan Earthquake and the succeeding secondary geological disasters caused great damages
to the giant panda nature reserves and disturbed the normal life of the giant pandas there (e.g., landscape fragmentation
increased significantly). Undoubtedly, the life of the giant pandas there was affected. However, although the earthquake caused
certain impacts on the giant pandas, it did not really threat their survival. Even so, we still strongly advocate for protection
of the giant pandas, and have prioritized a couple of measures to be taken to restore the giant panda nature reserves in the
earthquake-hit areas. 相似文献
16.
Massive geological landslides and unstable landslide areas were triggered by the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake. These landslides caused deaths, damaged infrastructure and threatened endanger species. This study analyzed the impact of landslides on giant pandas and their habitats from the following aspects: threatening pandas‘ lives, damaging pandas‘ habitat, influencing giant panda behavior, increasing habitat fragmentation; the final aspect, and blocking gene flow by cutting off corridors. A habitat suitability map was created by integrating the landslide factors with other traditional factors based on a logistics regression method. According to the landslide inventory map, there are 1313 landslides, 818 rock debris flows, 117 rock avalanches and 43 mud flows occurred in the study area. A correlation analysis indicated that landslides caused the pandas to migrate, and the core landslides within 1 km2 had greater influence on panda migration. These core landslides primarily occurred in mid-altitude regionscharacterized by high slopes, old geological ages, large areas and large rock mass volumes. The habitat suitability assessment results for the Wolong Natural Reserve had better prediction performance(80.9%) and demonstrated that 14.5%, 15.9%, 20.5%, 47.6% and 1.5% of the study area can be classified as very high, high, moderate, low and very low giant panda suitability areas, respectively. This study can be used to inform panda and panda habitat research, management and protection during post-quake reconstruction and recovery periods in China. 相似文献
17.
Sea level anomalies observed by altimeter during the 1993–2006 period, thermosteric sea level anomalies estimated by using subsurface temperature data produced by Ishii and SODA reanalysis data, tide gauge records and HOAPS freshwater flux data were analyzed to investigate the long term sea level change and the water mass balance in the South China Sea. The altimeter-observed sea level showed a rising rate of (3.5±0.9) mm yr-1 during the period 1993–2006, but this figure was considered to have been highly d... 相似文献
18.
Solar light, seawater temperature, and nutrients, which one is more important in affecting phytoplankton growth？ 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
Based on research results on the impacts of solar light, seawater temperature, and nutrient available to phytoplankton growth
and changes in phytoplankton physiology and assemblage, we discussed the order of influence of these factors. By clarifying
the mechanisms and processes of the impacts by these factors, we have determined the rising order of the importance as solar
light, seawater temperature, and nutrient silicon (Si). Therefore, for human interests in sustaining economic development,
the first thing to be considered is the input of nutrient Si into the ocean, followed by seawater temperature change. 相似文献
19.
Changes in the thermal and hydraulic regime within the active layer in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
The change trends of air temperature,precipitation and evaporation from 1999 to 2008 shows that the climate in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau permafrost region had become warmer.The analysis of the systematic active-layer data monitoring network along the Qinghai-Tibet Highway indicated that the active-layer thickness had been increasing and the soil temperature was rising.The soil temperature was rising in winter but not at the end of spring or during the entire summer.With thickening and warming of the active layer,the liquid water content of the active layer had an obvious downward migration and liquid water content in the top horizons decreased,but in the deeper horizons it increased. 相似文献
20.
中国江蓠的商品生产及其与对虾混养(英文) 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以江湾和对虾混养预防虾病。试验和生产实践表明，江蒿和对虾混养能明显地改善虾池水质，防止对虾细菌性病害，除江南有一定产量外，可使对虾产量比单养增加60％以上。并论述了中国江蓠人工栽培的种类、生长条件和主要生产方式。 相似文献