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1.
采用丙酮萃取分光光度法、荧光显微计数法、平板计数法分别研究湖光岩玛珥湖5个站位表层水体浮游植物生物量、浮游细菌生物量、可培养细菌数量的周年变化。结果表明,湖光岩玛珥湖浮游植物生物量(以碳C计)和浮游细菌生物量(以C计)、可培养细菌数量周年波动范围分别为84.17~243.64 mg/m3、20.53~43.60 mg/m3、0.10×103~3.63×103 m L-1。三者的周年变化趋势呈规律性同步增减,峰值均出现在3月份,且在5个采样站位间差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。与主要生态因子的相关分析显示,浮游植物与浮游细菌生物量均与总氮呈显著正相关(P0.05),而可培养细菌数量与氨氮呈显著正相关(P0.05),与溶解性氮和磷酸盐呈显著负相关(P0.05),但三者与多数调查的生态因子之间相关性无统计学意义(P0.05)。浮游植物的初级生产可能是调控细菌周年变化潜在的主导因素。  相似文献   

2.
【目的】研究宿主菌密度和感染复数对海洋蛭弧菌捕食弧菌效率的影响。【方法】以溶藻弧菌(Vibrio alginolyticus)zouA(下称"zouA")为宿主,通过海水共培养实验研究海洋蛭弧菌菌株DA5(下称"DA5")在初始宿主密度10~3~10~8 cfu/mL下24 h的生长,评估低感染复数和高感染复数下DA5对zouA 10 d的生物控制效果。【结果】DA5捕食所需最低zouA密度约为5×10~5 cfu/mL;在zouA密度≥10~6 cfu/mL时,DA5方对其发挥控制效应,且感染复数越高捕食效率越高,即使感染复数低至0.001,一定时间后DA5亦可有效控制zouA数量。而当初始zouA密度低至10~4 cfu/mL时,DA5需在感染复数≥100条件下方可显著控制zouA。【结论】宿主密度与感染复数均影响海洋蛭弧菌DA5对溶藻弧菌的控制效果。  相似文献   

3.
【目的】研究威氏海链藻在不同盐度条件下的生长和生化组分变化。【方法】设置盐度梯度为5、15、25、35、45,采用血细胞计数板计数法、热乙醇提取法、尼罗红染色法、苯酚硫酸法和考马斯亮蓝法,分别测定威氏海链藻在不同盐度下的生物量、叶绿素a、类胡萝卜素、中性脂质、总糖和蛋白质含量。【结果】盐度对威氏海链藻细胞密度影响显著(P<0.05),当盐度25和盐度35时,培养8 d细胞密度最高,均为2.0×106 mL-1;盐度对威氏海链藻叶绿素a和类胡萝卜素含量有显著影响(P<0.05),当盐度15时,细胞叶绿素a和类胡萝卜素含量均最高,分别为3.4814μg/mL(4 d)、2.3549μg/mL(8 d)。盐度对威氏海链藻可溶性总糖含量有显著影响(P<0.05),当盐度15时,8 d时可溶性总糖积累含量最高,为123μg/mL。当盐度35时,6 d时可溶性蛋白积累含量最高,为142.9μg/mL,且显著高于其他实验组(P<0.05)。盐度45时,8 d时中性脂含量最高,显著高于其他实验组(P<0.05)。【结论】盐度为15~35时,威氏海链藻生长速度较快,生化组成较为稳定,盐度15时最有利于藻细胞叶绿素a和类胡萝卜素、总糖的合成;盐度25和盐度35时,藻细胞平均增长速度较快,盐度35时最有利于藻细胞可溶性蛋白积累。  相似文献   

4.
【目的】研究冰温条件下罗非鱼片复合保鲜剂的最佳复配比,并评价该复合保鲜剂对罗非鱼片的保鲜效果。【方法】选择海藻酸钠、Nisin、异VC钠作为保鲜剂,设置不同的保鲜剂浓度,进行单因素和正交试验,通过测定菌落总数、挥发性盐基氮(wTVB-N)、硫代巴比妥酸值(wTBA)以及pH等指标,探究生物保鲜技术结合冰温技术对罗非鱼片品质的影响。【结果】复合保鲜剂处理的罗非鱼片在冰温条件下贮藏15d时,鱼片微生物生长较为缓慢,细菌总数(cfu/g)的对数(以10为底)为5.38,wTVB-N值达到167.3mg/kg,脂肪氧化程度较小,wTBA值为0.443 mg MDA/kg,pH回升至6.58,各指标均显著低于对照组(P <0.05),鱼片仍保持良好的品质。【结论】获得复合保鲜剂最佳配比是海藻酸钠浓度为8 g/L,Nisin浓度为0.8g/L,异抗血酸钠浓度7.5 g/L,使用该复合保鲜剂处理可将冰温罗非鱼片的货架期由15 d延长至22 d,该复合保鲜剂对冰温罗非鱼片有较好的保鲜效果。  相似文献   

5.
中亚各国自独立以来,先后经历了政治经济改革、俄罗斯金融危机、全球金融危机、国际原料价格浮动等多次重大事件。为研究中亚地区1992—2017年近30年的社会经济发展变化,以DMSP/OLS、NPP/VIIRS夜光数据以及年鉴数据为数据源,采用夜光总量(SNL)、夜光增长率(PNLG)等指数并结合社会经济参量对中亚社会经济的时空动态发展过程及驱动因子进行分析,研究结果表明:① 夜光可较好的反映中亚国家社会经济发展的时空变化,且夜光对社会经济发展变化的反映较GDP等社会经济参量更直观更敏感;② 独立初期的社会经济改革对中亚地区影响大、范围广,仅土库曼斯坦夜光总量(SNL)增长4.5%,其他各国夜光总量(SNL)均有下滑;③ 20世纪以来的中亚国家由于基础条件、资源禀赋等的差异,各国间差距逐渐拉大,抗风险能力差异大。如全球金融危机(2008年)对塔吉克斯坦影响最大(PNLG=-36.4%),哈萨克斯坦影响最小(PNLG=-3.6%);④ 中亚国家易受国际能源市场价格的影响尤其是油气价格增长。通过夜光对中亚社会经济的研究分析,能为中亚区域安全保障以及“一带一路”倡议的实施提供决策参考。  相似文献   

6.
气溶胶粒径分布可反映气溶胶的主要来源及其经历的动力学和化学等过程。使用宽范围粒径谱仪对青藏高原东缘四川省理塘县2017年7月6日至8月3日10 nm~10μm气溶胶粒径分布进行观测,结合环保六要素(PM2.5、PM10、SO2、NO2、CO和O3)和气象要素数据、HYSPLIT轨迹模式、潜在源区贡献函数(PSCF)和浓度权重轨迹(CWT)分析,探讨了青藏高原东缘气溶胶的粒径分布特征、潜在来源和影响区域。结果表明:青藏高原东缘理塘地区气溶胶数浓度较低,平均值为4 660.3 cm-3,粒径分布主要集中在500 nm以下,占总数浓度的99.95%;不同模态粒子数浓度差异较大,核模态、爱根核模态、积聚模态和粗模态粒子数浓度分别为391.9、4 218.0、50.1和0.4 cm-3;不同模态粒子数浓度日变化均为双峰型分布,但是峰值时间存在差异,核模态粒子数浓度日变化的峰值时间位于12:00和19:00,爱根核模态、积聚模态和粗模态粒子数浓度...  相似文献   

7.
浮游植物物候能够反映浮游植物的生长变化与湖泊生态系统的变化,水温、营养盐浓度等因素对物候有重要影响。太湖富营养化程度较高,水温的影响作用日趋显著,物候与水温关系的研究对理解、控制和改善太湖生态系统具有重要意义。本研究利用2003—2018年MODIS遥感数据计算浮游植物物候指标和湖泊水表温度(Temperature of Water Surface,LSWT),通过分析太湖浮游植物物候时空变化特点探究了不同区域的物候特征,并结合LSWT揭示了浮游植物物候对LSWT变化的响应关系。结果表明:① 不同浮游植物物候指标具有不同空间分布特点,水华发生次数、峰值叶绿素a(Chla)浓度和水华总持续时间呈现由西部沿岸向湖心区递减的趋势;浮游植物生长开始时间和峰值Chla发生时间分布复杂但在沿岸区域相对较早;② 太湖可被划分为4种具有不同物候特征的区域,Ⅰ类区域主要位于贡湖湾、东部沿岸以及太湖中部开阔水域,该区Chla浓度范围为50~60 μg/L,且波动平缓,水华发生次数最少、开始最晚、持续时间最短;Ⅱ类区域主要分布于太湖西部沿岸,Chla浓度范围为50~90 μg/L且变化剧烈,该区水华发生次数最多、开始最早、持续时间最长;Ⅲ和Ⅳ类属于过渡区域,前者主要分布于梅梁湾、竺山湾及入湾口,后者主要位于南部沿岸以及太湖中部;③ 浮游植物物候对LSWT变化的响应受营养水平影响,当营养水平较高时,浮游植物的生长受LSWT的促进作用显著,LSWT年际变化的升高趋势对浮游植生长物候提前、生物量增加的影响明显,反之,则LSWT变化对浮游植物生长的影响减弱。  相似文献   

8.
将枯草芽孢杆菌、纳豆芽孢杆菌、地衣芽孢杆菌等比例混合,制成芽孢杆菌制剂;将芽孢杆菌制剂与粪肠球菌、嗜酸乳杆菌等比例混合制成复合益生菌制剂;将分别用3种芽孢杆菌发酵的中草药等比例混合制成中草药芽孢杆菌制剂;将分别用5种益生菌发酵的中草药等比例混合,制成中草药复合益生菌制剂。在饲料中分别添加4种益生菌制剂(活菌为2×10~7 cfu/g),研究4种制剂对凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)生长、抗病力及水质的影响。结果表明:1)4种益生菌制剂均可提高凡纳滨对虾的成活率、增重率和饲料利用率(P0.05),中草药益生菌制剂组的促生长效果优于益生菌制剂组,以中草药复合益生菌制剂组促生长效果为最佳(P0.05);2)4种益生菌制剂均可维持对虾养殖水体p H值、氨态氮和亚硝酸盐含量的稳定(P0.05),中草药益生菌制剂对水质的改良效果优于益生菌制剂(P0.05);3)用1×10~8 cfu/m L的哈维氏弧菌(Vibro harveyi)菌液浴浸泡凡纳滨对虾10 d,凡纳滨对虾的累计死亡率由大到小依次为中草药复合益生菌制剂组(31.11%)、复合益生菌制剂组(35.56%)、中草药芽孢杆菌制剂组(37.78%)、芽孢杆菌制剂组(44.44%)、对照组(93.33%)。在饲料中添加一定比例的中草药复合益生菌制剂可提高凡纳滨对虾的生长指标、改善养殖水体环境、提高对虾的抗病力。  相似文献   

9.
3种免疫途径对嗜水气单胞菌灭活疫苗保护作用的影响   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
应用间接ELISA方法,研究经嗜水气单胞菌疫苗浸泡、口服、注射免疫后鳜皮肤、肠道黏液和血清中抗体的变化关系,揭示鳜对3种免疫途径的免疫应答效果。结果显示:黏液抗体产生快(7 d达到峰值),但持续时间短,抗体水平低(213);血清抗体产生慢(28 d方达峰值),但持续时间长,抗体水平高(225)。不同方式免疫鳜后均产生远高于对照组的抗体滴度(P<0.05)。注射组产生的抗体水平高(225),免疫保护率最理想(70.6%);口服组相对另两个实验组,其抗体峰值(215)和免疫保护率(41.2%)均较低;浸泡组在皮肤黏液产生水平和溶菌酶含量方面,产生较好的免疫效应,分别为213和178μg/mL,但相对保护率仅为47.1%,低于注射组的70.6%。浸泡和口服组可诱发局部黏膜免疫,在抗体动态变化方面表现出相似的规律且峰值时间早于注射组。初步推断浸泡和口服可以直接刺激鱼体黏膜组织产生局部的特异性抗体。  相似文献   

10.
在系统收集柴达木盆地西部地区各主要油田古近系和新近系油田地层水化学测试分析资料后,发现该地区地层水矿化度很高,均值为166g·L-1,最低值达到3.90g·L-1,具有高浓缩地层水特征,属卤水级,且主要是由Na++K+组成的CaCl2型水,反映封闭条件好。各主要离子在纵向上呈增加和减小交替变化的趋势,矿化度随深度的增加表现为先减小后增大的趋势,这与中国东部盆地明显不同。各离子比值(钠氯系数、变质系数和脱硫酸系数)均反映出该地区地层整体封闭性好。上、下油砂山组Ca2+富集主要由白云石化作用导致,其次是方解石溶解,白云石化同时也使其Mg2+贫乏。上、下干柴沟组仅有少数数据点表现出Ca2+富集,应是方解石溶解导致的,绿泥石化是其Mg2+贫乏的主要原因。SO2-4亏损主要是由大量膏岩的沉淀和油藏中大量硫酸盐还原细菌的还原作用导致。除了SO2-4被还原会产生HCO-3之外,有机质成熟过程中CO2及有机酸的加入也可造成地层水中HCO-3质量浓度的增加。  相似文献   

11.
12.
The ability of cell to modulate the fluidity of plasma membrane was crucial to the survival of microorganism at low temperature. Plasma membrane proteins, fatty acids and carotenoids profiles of Antarctic psychrophilc yeast Rhodotorula sp. NJ298 were investigated at -3 ℃, 0 ℃ and 8 ℃. The results showed that plasma membrane protein content was greater at -3 ℃ than that at 8 ℃, and a unique membrane polypeptide composition with an apparent molecular mass of 94.7 kDa was newly synthesized with SDS-PAGE analysis; GC analysis showed that the main changes of fatty acids were the percentage of unsaturated fatty acids (C18∶ 1 and C18∶ 2) and shorter chain saturated fatty acid (C10∶ 0) increased along with the decrease of the culture temperature from 8 ℃ to -3 ℃; HPLC analysis indicated that astaxanthin was the major functional carotenoids of the plasma membrane, percentage of which increased from 54.6±1.5% at 8 ℃ to 81.9±2.1% at -3 ℃. However the fluidity of plasma membrane which was determined by measuring fluorescence anisotropy was similar at -3 ℃, 0 ℃ and 8 ℃. Hence these changes in plasma membrane's characteristics were involved in the cellular cold-adaptation by which NJ298 could maintain normal plasma membrane fluidity at near-freezing temperature.  相似文献   

13.
正1 Aims and Scope Advances in Polar Science(APS)is an international,peer-reviewed journal jointly sponsored by the Polar Research Institute of China and the Chinese Arctic and Antarctic Administration.APS is a comprehensive academic journal dedicated to presentation of multi-disciplinary achievements in Arctic and Antarctic expeditions and research.Its primary purpose  相似文献   

14.
<正>Copyright Submfnion of a roanusatpt inks:that the work described has not been published before(exoept In the form of an abstrW or as part of a published lecture,review,or thesis);that it is not under consideration for publication elsewhere that its publication has been approved by ail  相似文献   

15.
<正>The Journal of Ocean University of China(Oceanic and Coastal Sea Research)is a comprehensive academic quarterly sponsored by the Ocean University of China,published one volume per year.This journal is devoted to the publication of the theoretical and applied research results on oceanography and marine fisheries.The fieldcovered include the physical,chemical,biological,geo-  相似文献   

16.
<正>The 35th IAHR World Congress was held in Chengdu,China from September 8 to September 132013.The title of the conference was:"The Wise Finds Pleasure in Water:Meandering through Water Science and Engineering".During the congress,1239 papers were presented in 139sessions for oral presentations and 7 sessions for poster presentations.After the Congress,a Committee was appointed to select some of the best papers presented at the Congress for publication,after a  相似文献   

17.
As an important component of the cryosphere,sea ice is very sensitive to the climate change.The study of the sea ice physics needs accurate sea ice thickness.This paper presents an electromagnetic-induction(EM) technique which can be used to measure the sea ice thickness distribution efficiently,and the successful application in Bothnian Bay.Based on the electromagnetic field theory and the electrical properties of sea ice and seawater,EM technique can detect the distance between the instrument and the ice/water interface accurately,than the sea ice thickness is obtained.Contrastive analysis of the apparent conductivity data obtained by EM and the value of drill-hole at same positions allows a construction of a transformable formula of the apparent conductivity to sea ice thickness.The verification of the sea ice thickness calculated by this formula indicates that EM technique is able to get reliable sea ice thickness with average relative error of only 12%.The statistic of all ice thickness profiles shows that the level ice distribution in Bothnian Bay was 0.4-0.6 m.  相似文献   

18.
Based on the hydrographic data in austral summer during the 22nd Antarctic Expedition of China(2005/2006),some features can be found about the northern margin of Emery ice shelf as follows.The heat content in the surface layer(0-50 m) at the eastern end and the western end of the ice-shelf margin is much higher than that at the middle.The upper mixing-layer depth and the seasonal thermocline depth at the middle of the ice-shelf northern margin are much shallower than those at the both ends.However there is much less difference between the middle and the ends in the bottom layer.The remote sensing photos show that the inhomogeneity in the surface-layer water is closely related to the spatial distribution of the floes and polynia in the area.  相似文献   

19.
Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rDNA of 8 strains of cultivable bacteria isolated from Arctic sea-ice was studied.The results showed that strain BJ1 belonged to genus Planococcus,which was a genus of low mole percent G C gram-positive bacteria;strain BJ6 belonged to genus Burkholderia of β-proteobacteria and the rest 6 strain all belonged to γ-proteobacteria,of which strain BJ8 was a species of Pseudoalteromonas,strain BJ2-BJ5 and BJ7 were members of genus Psychrobacter.Phylogenetic analysis also indicated that bacteria of genus Psychrobacter of the isolates formed a relatively independent phylogenetic cluster in comparison with other bacteria belonged to genus Psychrobacter.  相似文献   

20.
正1 Aims and Scope Advances in Polar Science(APS)is an international,peer-reviewed journal jointly sponsored by the Polar Research Institute of China and the Chinese Arctic and Antarctic Administration.APS is a comprchensive academic journal dedicated to presentation of multi-disciplinary achievements in Arctic and Antarctic expeditions and research.Its primary purpose is to publish achievements in fundamental research,applied  相似文献   

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