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东昆仑祁漫塔格东段晚二叠世-早侏罗世侵入岩岩石组合时空分布、构造环境的讨论 总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2
祁漫塔格地区是青藏高原北部最重要的多金属矿集区,晚二叠世-早侏罗世岩浆作用与成矿作用关系密切,以祁漫塔格东段为研究区分析讨论了祁漫塔格及临区晚二叠世-早侏罗世花岗岩特点,从晚二叠世-早侏罗世可以识别出4个阶段5个花岗岩组合.(1)晚二叠世弱过铝质高钾钙碱性系列二长花岗岩+正长花岗岩组合与偏铝质-弱过铝质钙碱性系列英云闪长岩+花岗闪长岩组合,LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年龄在252.0~258.5Ma,普遍含暗色铁镁质微粒包体;(2)中三叠世闪长岩+英云闪长岩+花岗闪长岩+(二长花岗岩)组合,LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年龄在226.9~238.6Ma,富含暗色铁镁质微粒包体,为偏铝质-弱过铝质钙碱性-高钾钙碱性系列岩石,Sr含量一般在400×10-6~537×10-6,δEu在0.67~0.95;(3)晚三叠世石英闪长岩+英云闪长岩+花岗闪长岩+二长花岗岩组合,LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年龄在211.7~214.1Ma,为偏铝质高钾钙碱性系列岩石,Sr含量一般在341×10-6~515×10-6,δEu在0.69~0.95之间;(4)晚三叠世-早侏罗世正长花岗岩组合,LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年龄在199.5~204.4Ma,为偏铝质高钾钙碱性系列岩石,Sr含量在54×10-6~195×10-6.晚二叠世花岗岩组合为大陆边缘弧火成岩构造组合,与古特提斯洋俯冲相关;中三叠世花岗岩组合出露面积巨大,构成了印支期北昆仑岩浆弧的主体,形成于俯冲-碰撞转换阶段,与俯冲岩石圈板片的断离相关,这一事件在东昆仑具有普遍意义,是东昆仑造山带最具规模的地幔物质注入与壳幔岩浆混合事件,晚三叠世花岗岩组合形成于后碰撞阶段,是加厚陆壳底部幔源玄武质岩浆底侵作用的结果. 相似文献
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东昆仑野马泉铁矿相关花岗质岩体年代学、地球化学及Hf同位素特征 总被引：13，自引：4，他引：9
野马泉大型铁多金属矿床位于东昆仑造山带祁漫塔格地区,矿区发育大量与铁多金属成矿关系密切的花岗质岩体。LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年表明北矿带隐伏二长花岗岩、花岗闪长岩年龄分别为393±2Ma、386±1Ma;南矿带斑状石英二长闪长岩、正长花岗岩年龄为219±1Ma、213±1Ma,分别为早-中泥盆世和晚三叠世岩浆活动的产物。早-中泥盆世花岗闪长岩与二长花岗岩均为高钾钙碱性,A/CNK值（0.92~1.01）<1.1,具中等强度的负Eu异常（δEu为0.60~0.81）,明显亏损P、Nb、Ta、Ti、Sr、Ba等,富集LREE、Rb、Th、U、K等,显示了I型花岗岩的特征。晚三叠世斑状石英二长闪长岩含有少量角闪石,A/CNK值（0.88~0.95）<1,轻稀土富集,具中等负Eu异常（δEu为0.49~0.67）,富集Rb、U、Th、K等大离子亲石元素,亏损P、Nb、Ta、Ti、Sr、Ba等,具有I型花岗岩的特征;正长花岗岩高硅（SiO2=77.20%~78.13%）、富碱（K2O+Na2O=7.91%~8.27%）、贫铝（Al2O3=11.71%~12.18%）、贫钙（CaO=0.90%~1.01%）,富集LREE、Y、Zr、Hf、Th、U、Ga等,强烈亏损Ba、Sr、P、Ti、Eu,具强烈的负Eu异常（δEu为0.08~0.13）,显示弱过铝质A型花岗岩的特征。锆石Hf同位素组成表明,早-中二叠世岩体的εHf（t）为-3.3~6.2,晚三叠世岩体的εHf（t）为-6.3~5.5,显示在成岩过程中有地幔组分的参与。综合研究认为,野马泉矿区早-中泥盆世、晚三叠世岩体分别形成于早古生代构造-岩浆旋回的碰撞-后碰撞阶段和晚古生代-早中生代构造-岩浆旋回的碰撞-后碰撞阶段,可能是由地幔底侵古老陆壳,幔源基性岩浆与壳源花岗质岩浆发生不同程度混合作用而生成,壳幔物质交换为区内大规模铁铜铅锌多金属矿化提供大量成矿物质。 相似文献
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造山带岩浆作用的强度和旋回性:以东昆仑古特提斯花岗岩类岩基为例 总被引：13，自引：6，他引：7
大陆造山带的重要特征之一是常常发育强烈的岩浆活动。如何刻画造山带古岩浆作用的强度?岩浆从深部添加到中上地壳的速率有多大?岩浆活动强弱的变化规律如何?这些都是近年来国际上有关岩浆动力学的新的研究主题。位于青藏高原北部的东昆仑造山带岩浆活动强烈,尤其发育与古特提斯构造演化相关的晚二叠世-晚三叠世岩浆活动(年龄主要介于270~200Ma之间)。发育于东昆仑东段的香日德复式花岗岩类岩基,主要由早、中、晚三叠世的石英闪长岩、二长花岗岩和花岗闪长岩等多种岩性单元构成,岩石类型多,时间跨度大(258~218Ma),是造山带岩浆活动的缩影。本文以香日德岩基为例,在深入的野外地质、岩石学和年代学研究基础上,结合各岩性单元的出露面积、U-Pb锆石年龄和假定的岩体厚度,对岩浆的体积添加速率(岩浆通量)进行了估算,发现从早到晚,该岩基的岩浆体积添加速率存在着旋回性的变化特征。其中,早三叠世石英闪长岩的岩浆体积添加速率最低,而晚三叠世花岗闪长岩的岩浆体积添加速率则最高,中三叠世介于其间。以2.5km的岩体厚度计算得到的岩浆体积添加速率分别是,早三叠世峰期的添加速率约33km~3/m.y.,中三叠世峰期添加速率约50km~3/m.y.,而晚三叠世的峰期添加速率达到了99km~3/m.y.。研究表明,从230Ma开始,东昆仑地区晚三叠世时期Hf同位素初始比值显著增大,并出现了大规模的铁多金属成矿作用。因此,晚三叠世时期该区强烈的Fe多金属成矿大爆发是在亏损地幔岩浆底侵影响下,发生大规模的花岗岩类岩浆活动和壳幔岩浆活动的结果。 相似文献
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基于东昆仑造山带祁漫塔格构造走廊域晚古生代—早中生代侵入岩类的野外地质学、岩石学、时空分布和同位素定年资料,可以识别出5个构造岩浆阶段和5个构造岩浆带。研究区的岩浆活动主要集中于早中二叠世阶段、晚二叠世晚期—中三叠世早期、中三叠世、晚三叠世和晚三叠世—早侏罗世。早中二叠世阶段的岩浆活动产物为花岗闪长岩+(斑状)二长花岗组合、石英闪长岩+斑状石英闪长岩组合及闪长岩+石英闪长岩组合,晚二叠世晚期—中三叠世早期(254.1～240.6Ma)为(斑状)二长花岗岩+正长花岗岩组合;中三叠世(安尼期晚期—拉丁初期)为闪长岩+石英闪长岩+花岗闪长岩+英云闪长岩组合;晚三叠世(212～225Ma)为石英二长闪长岩+花岗闪长岩+(斑状)二长花岗岩+正长花岗岩组合;晚三叠世—早侏罗世(瑞替—郝塘期)代表性的岩石组合为石英二长岩+(斑状)正长花岗岩+碱长花岗岩。这些火成岩组合有规律地分布在构造走廊域内,是揭示东昆仑造山带构造演化的关键所在。 相似文献
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通过对东昆仑造山带晚三叠世岩浆岩的岩石类型、形成时代、岩石地球化学和同位素地球化学资料综合分析,对岩浆岩的岩石组合、分布特征和岩石成因进行研究,探讨东昆仑造山带晚三叠世构造演化的地球动力学背景。东昆仑造山带晚三叠世是古特提斯演化过程中重要的构造转换期,岩浆岩岩石类型多样,主要包括辉长岩、花岗闪长岩、二长花岗岩和正长花岗岩,并且广泛出露具埃达克质特征的岩浆岩和A型花岗岩。晚三叠世岩浆岩的出露规模与俯冲阶段相比,规模较小,一般以小岩体、岩株和岩脉侵入于早期岩体和地层中。东昆仑晚三叠世岩浆岩主体为准铝-弱过铝质高钾钙碱性-钾玄岩系列,轻重稀土元素具有一定分异,富集大离子亲石元素,亏损高场强元素,岩石类型不同时分异程度、富集和亏损程度有一定差异。大部分晚三叠世花岗质岩浆岩的同位素特征与晚二叠世-三叠纪镁铁质岩浆岩近似,部分具有更高的εNd(t)和εHf(t)值。镁铁质岩浆岩、普通花岗岩、埃达克质岩浆岩在东昆仑各个构造带皆有分布,A型花岗岩主要分布在祁漫塔格构造带(东昆北)的阿牙克库木湖-香日德断裂附近。东昆仑晚三叠世镁铁质岩浆岩具有弧岩浆岩特征,为俯冲流体交代的地幔楔部分熔融产物。普通花岗岩和埃达克质岩浆岩多为新生下地壳部分熔融产物,少量埃达克质岩浆岩由于与地幔的交代作用,具有幔源特征。A型花岗岩为残留下地壳部分熔融的产物。部分普通花岗岩、埃达克质岩浆岩和A型花岗岩由于岩浆混合作用,具幔源特征。构造环境研究表明,东昆仑在晚三叠世进入古特提斯演化的后碰撞阶段。巴颜喀拉地块同东昆仑地块的持续碰撞导致地壳加厚,密度增大,使岩石圈重力不稳定发生拆沉作用,引发岩石圈地幔减压熔融,产生大量的镁铁质岩浆岩;镁铁质岩浆底侵不同类型地壳熔融及拆沉地壳部分熔融而形成的岩浆交代地幔,以及岩浆混合和岩浆后期演化,形成了东昆仑造山带晚三叠世丰富多样的岩浆岩。 相似文献
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西藏驱龙矿区早侏罗世斑岩的Sr-Nd-Pb及锆石Hf同位素研究 总被引：8，自引：3，他引：5
近年的研究基本揭示,在冈底斯南缘存在一条晚三叠世-侏罗纪的花岗岩带,其成因认识有助于恢复青藏高原中生代演化历史,但却存在争议。为此,本文选择拉萨东部驱龙早侏罗世花岗斑岩开展Sr-Nd-Pb及锆石Hf同位素研究,调查岩浆源区特征,以期查明岩浆成因。分析结果显示,驱龙早侏罗世斑岩具有相对较低的87Sr/86Sr初始比值(0.7029~0.7050)、正的εNd(t)(平均0.7)和锆石εHf(t)值(2.6~8.2),表明岩浆来自新生地壳物质的部分熔融。综合对比发现,冈底斯南部晚三叠世-早侏罗世花岗岩的锆石Hf同位素在500km宽的范围内显示出由西向东亏损程度逐渐减弱、甚至变得富集的规律,表明在此类花岗岩的形成过程中,成熟地壳组分的贡献自西向东逐渐增多。这既可因南部拉萨地体基底Hf同位素组成的东西向不均一所引起,也可能因东段驱龙、米林等地花岗岩更靠近古老的拉萨微陆块所致。 相似文献
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都兰热水地区位于东昆仑造山带东段,发育着大量花岗岩岩石组合,主要岩石类型为二长花岗岩和花岗闪长岩,本文报道了对都兰热水地区二长花岗岩和花岗闪长岩的地球化学、LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年的研究结果,为建立完善的年代学格架和构造演化提供了新资料。锆石U-Pb同位素定年研究表明东昆仑东段都兰热水地区的二长花岗岩和花岗闪长岩的结晶侵位时代分别是232.4±1.3 Ma、230.8±1.1 Ma,属中三叠世花岗岩浆作用的产物。岩矿特征和岩石地球化学特征显示二长花岗岩和花岗闪长岩属高钾钙碱性I型花岗岩,具较高的K_2O含量(2.2%～4.74%);铝饱和指数A/CNK值都小于1.1,显示准铝质特征;P_2O_5与SiO_2之间存在明显的负相关性,还表现出富集轻稀土元素、大离子亲石元素(如K、Rb、La),亏损重稀土元素和高场强元素(如Nb、Ta、Ti、P)及Eu负异常特征。结合前人区域地质研究,我们认为东昆仑东段都兰热水地区花岗岩岩石组合是受幔源岩浆的底侵作用导致下地壳部分熔融而形成,幔源岩浆与壳源岩浆发生不同比例混合,并在岩浆演化过程中发生了一定的分离结晶作用。晚二叠世阿尼玛卿洋向东昆仑板块俯冲,直至中三叠世都兰热水地区仍处于洋壳俯冲而产生的火山弧环境,二长花岗岩和花岗闪长岩就是这一阶段的典型产物。 相似文献
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皖南旌德花岗闪长岩与暗色包体的成因: 地球化学、锆石U-Pb年代学与Hf同位素制约 总被引：12，自引：7，他引：5
旌德复式岩体位于安徽南部,主体相花岗闪长岩中发育暗色包体。本文对花岗闪长岩与暗色包体进行了岩相学观察、全岩主微量元素分析、锆石U-Pb定年与Hf同位素测试。岩相学观察发现暗色包体为典型岩浆岩结构,且发育针状磷灰石。主量元素分析数据表明花岗闪长岩的SiO2含量为66.04%~67.80%;暗色包体的SiO2含量为54.63%~54.77%,为二长闪长岩。花岗闪长岩的Mg#=38~40;暗色包体的Mg#=44~45。微量元素分析数据表明花岗闪长岩与暗色包体的REE球粒陨石标准化图呈右倾型,Eu负异常;大离子亲石元素富集,高场强元素亏损。锆石U-Pb年代学与Hf同位素研究表明,花岗闪长岩与暗色包体的年龄分别为139.7±1.3Ma和142.3±1.7Ma,在误差范围内一致。花岗闪长岩锆石的εHf(t)为-2.5~0.4,地壳模式年龄(tDMC)为1170~1350Ma;暗色包体锆石的εHf(t)为-5.2~1.8,地壳模式年龄(tDMC)为1090~1530Ma。两者的tDMC峰值都在1.2~1.3Ga。这些数据表明花岗闪长岩中的暗色包体为同源岩浆混合成因,源区为年轻地壳,有可能为中新元古代古华南洋壳俯冲扬子板块形成的火山岛弧。旌德花岗闪长岩在Pearce et al.(1984)的构造判别图上落在岛弧花岗岩区。在Sr/Y-Y图解上落在经典岛弧岩浆岩区。花岗闪长岩的岩浆Zr饱和温度低(630~680℃),与锆石钛温度计(630~720℃)给出的结果基本一致。锆石的Ce(Ⅳ)/Ce(Ⅲ)高(240~530),指示岩浆具有高的氧逸度。旌德岩体的低温与高氧逸度特征说明岩体的源区物质受到过洋壳俯冲的影响。旌德岩体的成因可能与太平洋板块后撤诱发的地壳部分熔融有关。 相似文献
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东昆仑山脉晚志留世-早侏罗世花岗类岩石中锆石微量元素地球化学特征及地质意义 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了更深入的认识东昆仑山脉岩浆作用和构造演化历史,本文采用激光剥蚀电感耦合等离子质谱仪(LA-ICP-MS)方法对东昆仑山脉中部和东部不同时代的花岗类岩石中锆石进行了系统的微量元素分析。东昆仑山脉晚志留世二长花岗岩和晚二叠世、晚三叠世、早侏罗世花岗岩中绝大多数锆石Th/U0.5,锆石的球粒陨石标准化REE配分曲线均为HREE相对于MREE和LREE富集,并且具有Ce正异常和Eu负异常,为典型的岩浆锆石。晚志留世二长花岗岩和晚二叠世、晚三叠世花岗岩锆石具有低的Ce正异常,高的Eu负异常;早侏罗世花岗岩锆石则具有高的Ce正异常,高Nb、Ta含量,低Eu负异常;晚二叠世花岗岩锆石还具有高∑REE、Y、Th、U含量;而晚三叠世花岗岩锆石则在所有样品中具有最高的Hf含量,是演化程度高的岩浆产物。除此之外,晚志留世、晚二叠世、晚三叠世和早侏罗世样品中部分锆石呈现LREE富集,说明它们在岩浆晚期可能遭受LREE富集热液的改造。根据锆石Ti温度计,计算出所有样品的结晶温度小于800℃,说明它们很有可能形成于富集流体的俯冲带环境。结合前人研究资料和所分析锆石的U-Pb年龄数据,对东昆仑山脉中古-中生代多期的构造-岩浆事件提供了新的约束:(1)晚志留世二长花岗岩的形成可能与一个小型洋盆的俯冲作用有关,其岩浆源区是地壳浅部的沉积基底;(2)晚二叠世花岗岩可能是在古特提斯洋向北俯冲过程中由于幔源岩浆使浅层地壳发生熔融形成;(3)晚三叠世-早侏罗世花岗岩在羌塘和昆仑-柴达木同碰撞过程形成。 相似文献
11.
Police, politics, and the right to the city 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Mustafa Dikeç 《GeoJournal》2002,58(2-3):91-98
Space and spatiality have recently been at the core of debates concerning the political possibilities of the city. The arguments advanced in this paper might be seen as an attempt to contribute to these debates through a reflection on the spatiality of (in) justice, politics, and the right to the city. The case of French urban policy, with its focus on distressed urban areas, and the `suburban problem' in France are used as examples to make arguments more concrete. 相似文献
12.
I. M. Gorokhov M. A. Semikhatov M. M. Arakelyants E. A. Fallick N. N. Mel’nikov T. L. Turchenko T. A. Ivanovskaya T. S. Zaitseva E. P. Kutyavin 《Stratigraphy and Geological Correlation》2006,14(3):260-274
Clay subfractions (SFs) of <0.1, 0.1–0.2, 0.2–0.3, 0.3–0.6, 0.6–2 and 2–5 μm separated from Middle Riphean shales of the Debengda Formation are studied using the TEM, XRD, K-Ar and Rb-Sr isotopic methods. The oxygen and hydrogen isotope compositions in the SFs are studied as well. The low-temperature illite-smectite is dominant mineral in all the SFs except for the coarsest ones. The XRD, chemical and isotopic data imply that two generations of authigenic illite-smectite different in age are mixed in the SFs. The illite crystallinity index decreases in parallel with size diminishing of clay particles. As compared to coarser SFs, illite of fine-grained subfractions is enriched in Al relative to Fe and Mg, contains more K, and reveals higher K/Rb and Rb/Sr ratios. The Rb-Sr age calculated by means of the leachochron (“inner isochron”) method declines gradually from 1254-1272 Ma in the coarsest SFs to 1038-1044 Ma in finest ones, while the K-Ar age decreases simultaneously from 1225–1240 to 1080 Ma. The established positive correlation of δ18O and δD values with dimensions of clay particles in the SFs seems to be also consistent with the mixing systematics. The isotopic systematics along with data on mineral composition and morphology lead to the conclusion that mixedlayer illite-smectite was formed in the Debengda shales during two periods 1211–1272 and 1038–1080 Ma ago. The first period is likely close to the deposition time of sediments and corresponds to events of burial catagenesis, whereas the second one is correlative with the regional uplift and changes in hydrological regime during the pre-Khaipakh break in sedimentation. 相似文献
13.
E. M. Prasolov S. A. Sergeev B. V. Belyatsky E. S. Bogomolov K. A. Gruzdov I. N. Kapitonov R. Sh. Krymsky V. O. Khalenev 《Geochemistry International》2018,56(1):46-64
This paper reports the first results of a study of 11 isotope systems (3He/4He, 40Ar/36Ar, 34S/32S, 65Cu/63Cu, 62Ni/60Ni, 87Sr/86Sr, 143Nd/144Nd, 206–208Pb/204Pb, Hf–Nd, U–Pb, and Re–Os) in the rocks and ores of the Cu–Ni–PGE deposits of the Norilsk ore district. Almost all the results were obtained at the Center of Isotopic Research of the Karpinskii All-Russia Research Institute of Geology. The use of a number of independent genetic isotopic signatures and comprehensive isotopic knowledge provided a methodic basis for the interpretation of approximately 5000 isotopic analyses of various elements. The presence of materials from two sources, crust and mantle, was detected in the composition of the rocks and ores. The contribution of the crustal source is especially significant in the paleofluids (gas–liquid microinclusions) of the ore-forming medium. Crustal solutions were probably a transport medium during ore formation. Air argon is dominant in the ores, which indicates a connection between the paleofluids and the atmosphere. This suggests intense groundwater circulation during the crystallization of ore minerals. The age of the rocks and ores of the Norilsk deposits was determined. The stage of orebody formation is restricted to a narrow age interval of 250 ± 10 Ma. An isotopic criterion was proposed for the ore-bearing potential of mafic intrusions in the Norilsk–Taimyr region. It includes several interrelated isotopic ratios of various elements: He, Ar, S, and others. 相似文献
14.
Influences of the unsaturated,saturated, and riparian zones on the transport of nitrate near the Merced River,California, USA 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Joseph L. Domagalski Steven P. Phillips E. Randall Bayless Celia Zamora Carol Kendall Richard A. WildmanJr Janet G. Hering 《Hydrogeology Journal》2008,16(4):675-690
Transport and transformation of nitrate was evaluated along a 1-km groundwater transect from an almond orchard to the Merced River, California, USA, within an irrigated agricultural setting. As indicated by measurements of pore-water nitrate and modeling using the root zone water quality model, about 63% of the applied nitrogen was transported through a 6.5-m unsaturated zone. Transport times from recharge locations to the edge of a riparian zone ranged from approximately 6 months to greater than 100 years. This allowed for partial denitrification in horizons having mildly reducing conditions, and essentially no denitrification in horizons with oxidizing conditions. Transport times across a 50–100-m-wide riparian zone of less than a year to over 6 years and more strongly reducing conditions resulted in greater rates of denitrification. Isotopic measurements and concentrations of excess N2 in water were indicative of denitrification with the highest rates below the Merced River. Discharge of water and nitrate into the river was dependent on gradients driven by irrigation or river stage. The results suggest that the assimilative capacity for nitrate of the groundwater system, and particularly the riverbed, is limiting the nitrate load to the Merced River in the study area. 相似文献
15.
扬子北缘马元铅锌矿床闪锌矿微量元素及S-Pb-He-Ar-C同位素地球化学研究 总被引：7，自引：3，他引：4
马元铅锌矿床是近年扬子陆块北缘铅锌找矿的新突破。矿体呈层状、似层状产于碑坝隆起翼部震旦系灯影组角砾状白云岩层间构造带中,围岩蚀变很弱。矿石中硫化物以闪锌矿、方铅矿为主,中粗粒晶质结构,充填于白云岩角砾间。闪锌矿富集Cd、Ge、Ag,贫In、Tl、Se,Ga/In为6~132,Ge/In多1000,成矿温度以中-低温为主。金属硫化物ε~(34)S值相对集中,为12.9‰~19.4‰,平均为17.4‰,来自于海相硫酸盐的还原。铅同位素组成稳定,~(206)Pb/~(204)Pb为17.858~17.918:~(207)Pb/~(204)Pb为15.603~15.694;~(208)Pb/~(204)Pb为37.756~38.046,具有造山带和上地壳铅的特征,震旦系可能提供了金属成矿物质。闪锌矿中流体包裹体的~3He/~4He为0.03Ra~1.05Ra,~(40)Ar/~(36)Ar为326.1~765.1,~(38)Ar/~(36)Ar为0.183~0.204,表明成矿流体主要为地壳流体和饱和大气水(大气降水或海水)的混合。闪锌矿内流体包裹体挥发分δ~(13)C_(CH_4)值为-36.01‰~-28.80‰,δ~(13)C_(C_2H_6)值为-27.72‰~-22.44‰,δ~(13)C_(CO_2)值为-23.24‰~-9.68‰,表明有机流体参与了成矿作用。石英、方解石的H-O同位素结果表明具有海水和有机水混合的特征。可见,成矿流体具有两种流体混合的特征,一为蒸发海水与围岩反应所形成的盆地卤水,二为有机流体。推测矿区可能存在一个古油气藏,由于TSR生成一高硫气藏,为区内还原性有机流体的主要来源。当富含Pb、Zn等成矿物质的成矿流体运移至富含CH_4和H_2S的还原性流体的矿区角砾岩带时,两种流体混合,Pb、Zn等遇到H_2S发生反应而沉淀成矿,并伴生热液白云石等,形成了马元铅锌矿床。综上所述,我们认为马元矿床属MVT型铅锌矿床。 相似文献
16.
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18.
Over the past decade researchers working on the rocks of the Beaufort Group in the main Karoo Basin of South Africa have vastly increased our understanding of this important Permo-Triassic sequence. Many new fossil forms have been discovered, allowing for breakthroughs into the biodiversity, biogeography and biostratigraphy of the group. Taxonomic and phylogenetic advances are many and varied, and cover most of the vertebrate taxa, but with emphasis placed on the temnospondyl amphibians, archosauriforms and non-mammalian synapsids, in particular the anomodontia. Biostratigraphic breakthroughs have centered on the Middle Permian Eodicynodon and Tapinocephalus assemblage zones, the Late Permian Dicynodon Assemblage Zone, and the Triassic Lystrosaurus and Cynognathus assemblage zones. Correlation of these biozones with better dated sequences in Europe, Russia and China has allowed for many chronostratigraphic refinements, which are in turn vital for sequence stratigraphical analysis of the basin fill. Based on fossil data, both the lower (Ecca–Beaufort) and upper (Beaufort–Molteno) contacts of the group have been proved to be highly diachronous. The refined chronostratigraphic framework has also allowed for a better analysis of the basin evolution through time, particularly in terms of the correlation of external stimuli that affect basin sedimentation patterns. 相似文献
19.
Delivery of Trace Metals (Al,Fe, Mn,V, Co,Ni, Cu,Cd, Ag,Pb) from the Trinity River Watershed Towards the Ocean 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
The Trinity River (Texas, USA) contains in its watershed 23 different reservoir lakes, the largest one being Lake Livingston
situated in the lower Trinity River watershed and two potentially polluting metroplexes, Dallas and Houston. In order to determine
fluxes of nutrients and trace metals to Galveston Bay, a survey that included 24 discreet samples collected over a year and
at various stages of discharge was carried out during 2000–2001. Geochemical (i.e., sorption by Fe oxyhydroxides), biological
(i.e., seasonal uptake by sinking algae in Lake Livingston), and hydrological (i.e., dilution effects by increasing flow rates)
controls were found to be mainly responsible for variations in dissolved trace metal concentrations rather than pollution
sources. The Trinity River loads of suspended sediments and pollutant trace metals entering Galveston Bay at Anahuac were
<20% of those reaching Lake Livingston, and only a few percent of the total upstream trace metal load is entering the Gulf
of Mexico. Thus, during the transit through the 23 man-made lakes and an estuary, >96% of the pollutant trace metal load is
lost to sediments. 相似文献