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1.
Morphological Characteristics of （K, Na）-Rectorite from Zhongxiang Rectorite Deposit, Hubei, Central China 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
The morphological characteristics of the Zhongxiang (钟祥) rectorite have been studied using X-ray diffraction (XRD), electron probe micro-analyzer (EPMA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscope (AFM), and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). The structural formula of the Zhongxiang rectorite is: interstratification of (K, Na)-mica and Ca-montmorillouite. SEM observations show that Zhongxiang rectorite occurs as platy and fold-shaped crystals, and mainly as extremely thin plates with thickness ranging from 0.4 to 0.05 μm and a smooth (001) surface. There are well-developed polygonal steps on the surfaces of some thick crystals, suggesting a layer-by-layer growth mechanism. AFM observations show a series of steps with a height of 2 nm on the platy particles, suggesting the stacking of 20 nm fundamental particles. Club-like or fiber-shaped halloysite is included in the platy crystals with their elongated dimension paralleling (001) of the platy crystals or crossing the (001) surface of the platy rectorite, indicating multi-stage crystallization and involvement of hydrothermal fluids. The Zhongxiang rectorite was generated by both layer-by-layer growth mechanism and dissolution and crystallization growth mechanism with multistages. 相似文献
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有机累托石的合成与特性研究 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
累托石是二八面体云母层与蒙脱石层1：1规间民支矿物，兼有云母和蒙脱三 某些特征。本文利用二甲基十八烷基羟乙基季铵盐与累托石进行阳离子交换反应合成有机累托石。并采用物理化学、X射线衍射、差热、热失重和红外吸收光谱等分析方法对它的特性进行了研究。经季铵盐复合处理后，累托放扣蒙脱石层间被有机阳离子覆盖，它的面网间距d001由原来的24.8°/A增至29.5°/A。累托石粘土亲水憎油性转变为憎水亲油性有机粘土后能在有机溶剂中膨胀和分散。它是一种有应用前景的新材料。 相似文献
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采用具有不同孔隙尺寸的沸石为基质约束CdS团簇的大小.通过测定Raman光谱观察到随着CdS团簇尺寸减小,Raman光谱中LO声子振动频率略向低频方向移动.利用二级LO声子的振动强度与一级LO声子的振动强度之比(2LO/LO),研究团簇电-声子耦合强弱的结果表明,随着团簇尺寸减小,电-声子耦合增强. 相似文献
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累托石的阳离子交换性能及其应用研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
累托石是二八面体云母层与蒙脱石层1:1规则间层矿物。本文阐明累托石矿物结晶构造与阳离子交换性能的关系。阳离子交换性能在累托石定量与定性、改型、合成交联累托石和有机累托石等方面的应用。并介绍氧化钛交联累托石和在机累托石的有关特性。 相似文献
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采用焙烧-磁选法、酸洗提纯法、煅烧法均能有效减少湖北钟祥累托石粘土中的黄铁矿.实验用累托石粘土中黄铁矿含量为4.37%, 硫含量为2.32%.采用焙烧磁选法, 温度300℃、时间2.0h、二次磁选后, 累托石粘土中硫含量降为0.52%;酸洗法, 酸液浓度60%、时间1.0h、温度60℃时, 硫含量为0.57%;煅烧法, 当温度550℃、时间为0.5h时, 硫含量为0.78%.研究发现所得粘土矿物对聚合复合法制备累托石/聚丙稀酰胺-丙烯酸(钠) 吸水保水复合材料的阻聚作用不明显, 且不影响后续聚合反应最高硫含量约为0.78%.在65~70℃反应条件下, 含煅烧累托石粘土20%、丙烯酰胺15%、引发剂0.25%、交联剂0.08%, 丙烯酸中和度为80%的吸水保水复合材料的吸去离子水倍率为870, 吸自来水倍率为250, 吸生理盐水倍率为68.累托石粘土添加量在0%~30%之间时, 吸水保水复合材料的吸液倍率比不含累托石的吸水树脂高.吸水保水复合材料吸液倍率从870g/g降到84g/g时, 凝胶强度从49g/cm2上升到235g/cm2. 相似文献
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钛基柱撑累托石矿物材料的研究 总被引：17，自引：0，他引：17
在氮气环境中用TiCI4和HCI制成钛基柱撑液，采用离子交换法，用[Ti20O32(OH)12(OH2)18]^4 Dawson型Ti多核阳离子，交换累托石蒙皂石质晶层中的Na等阳离子，制成钛基柱撑累托石。通过电子探针定量分析、X射线衍射、红外光谱、热分析及魔角旋转核磁共振等方法，对钛基柱撑累托石的成分、结构和热稳定性进行了表征。钛基柱撑累托石具1．6nm的层孔隙，是一种很有应用前途的柱撑粘土矿物材料，有望在催化剂载体及环保材料领域中得到广泛的使用。 相似文献
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湖北钟祥累托石粘土造浆机理及影响造浆率因素研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文从累托石的晶体化学特征出发,依据双电层理论和累托石的动电性质[ζ电位--48mV(pH=8)],阐明累托石与水作用,形成稳定的凝胶结构原理,论证累托石是一种优质钻井泥浆原料,它的凝胶性能优于膨润土。通过造浆试验、化学分析、 X射线衍射分析及电镜观察,查明影响本区累托石矿石造浆率的主要因素是;累托石含量、结晶度、粒度、形态、伴生矿物及pH值。 相似文献
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累托石制备润滑脂的初步研究 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
累托石是一种具有独特的结构组成和性质的粘土矿物,其既具有象蒙脱石一样的阳离子交换性,吸水膨胀性,制浆性等,又具有象云母一样的耐高温性和光滑性等性能。经提纯和有机改性后的累托石吸油速度快,膨胀率高,是一种较好的稠化剂,用它制备的润滑脂滴点〉６３３．１５Ｋ,远高于膨润土润滑脂的指标要求,研究表明,累托石是制备润肖脂稠化剂的好原料,累托石润滑脂是一种新型高温润滑脂。 相似文献
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华北石炭二叠纪煤系中I／S间层矿物的研究 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1
华北石炭二叠煤系中的Ｉ／Ｓ间层粘土岩夹矸或粘土岩层，在太行山以东较为发育。Ｉ／Ｓ间层矿物的类型有累托石、ＩＳ有序间层矿物、Ｓ／Ｉ无序间层矿物，它们是在近岸泥岩沼泽或沼泽环境中由同期降落的火山灰蚀变而成，在酸性介质的影响下，形成ＩＳ有序间层矿物，在偏碱性的介质条件下，形成Ｓ／Ｉ无序间层矿物；高压异常区则形成累托石。 相似文献
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便携式短波红外矿物分析仪(PIMA)在西藏墨竹工卡县驱龙铜矿区矿物填图中的应用 总被引：8，自引：1，他引：8
介绍了应用国内近两年新引进的便携式短波红外矿物分析仪(Portable Infrared Mineral Analyser，简称PIMA)在西藏驱龙铜矿区所做的矿物填图的工作情况，以及依据PIMA测试所获得的光谱数据进行矿物识别的初步研究成果。通过野外对探槽TC0701和TC1101系统采样和对应的光谱测试分析，识别出了与矿化和矿体有直接关系的蚀变指示矿物硬石膏(anhydrite)。在矿物识别过程中，提取到了可以作为矿区标准光谱的白云母等矿物的纯光谱曲线，并且在野外验证过程中确认了航天图像(Hyperion)上解译的零星分布的蚀变矿物绿泥石的存在。 相似文献
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在矿物红外光谱研究中运用差谱技术可消除其它矿物相谱带的覆盖,鉴定混合相中微量矿物成分,并得到单矿物谱图。 本文通过两个实例,介绍计算机差谱技术的特点、操作要点。云南腾冲热泉地区的粘土样品,用Perkin-Elmer983型红外分光光度计和3600数据站配合,应用视屏差减程序(Screen Diffe-rence)剥离掉主要组成矿物玉髓的红外光谱后,清晰显示出微量矿物明矾石的单矿物谱。西藏羊应乡热泉地区的岩心经处理后得到的粘粒,用计算机差谱技术进行多次剥离,得到一系列差减光谱,经确定,其矿物相为高岭石、蒙脱石、伊利石、石英、钠长石和微斜长石。 相似文献
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Mineralogical changes and geotechnical properties of an expansive soil interacted with caustic solution 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Puvvadi Venkata Sivapullaiah Gullapalli Sankara Mehter M. Allam 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2010,60(6):1189-1199
The type and amount of clay mineral plays an important role in the behaviour of fine-grained soils. Clay minerals are the
primary source and moisture is often the external agent of swelling in soils. Also soils may exhibit increased/reduced swelling
due to interaction with chemicals. Alkalis used in industrial operations are one such example. Concentrations of alkali and
mineral type are the key factors in such interactions. The present paper reports the changes in the properties of an expansive
Black Cotton soil containing a mixed layer mineral, rectorite upon interaction with high concentration caustic solutions.
X-ray diffraction studies have shown that the rectorite present in the soil undergoes changes with increase in the concentration
of alkali. Saponite gets transformed to nantronite. Small amount of kaolinitic mineral present in the soil also reacts with
alkali producing some changes in its mineralogy. Many hydroxides are produced. Differential thermal analysis studies have
been supportive of these changes. Consequent of these changes, the soil-specific surface increases, changes its Atterberg
limits and free swell volume increases. The results have been supported by the characteristics and behaviour of samples contaminated
in the field with alkali from an alumina extraction plant. 相似文献
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文章基于ASTER和Landsat-8OLI两种多光谱遥感数据,采用高光谱遥感技术混合调谐滤波(MTMF)、多光谱遥感技术相对吸收深度(RBD)、波段比值(BR)等方法提取了西藏多龙矿集区地堡那木岗斑岩型铜金矿床地表的蚀变矿物组合。其结果表明,基于ASTER数据的MTMF技术可将Al—OH矿物划分为白云母+高岭石/蒙脱石和地开石+蒙脱石+累托石两种组合,进一步可细分出斑岩型矿床多光谱遥感地表蚀变矿物组合并呈现出良好的分带特征:地堡那木岗铜金矿床自内而外依次为白云母+高岭石/蒙脱石→地开石+蒙脱石+累托石→Mg—OH类矿物组合,分别对应于前人野外调查所勘测到的的绢英岩化带+泥化带→泥化带→青磐岩化带,Fe3+矿物叠加于绢英岩化带、泥化带及其两带的叠合部位。所提取的多光谱遥感蚀变矿物组合分带特征对该区斑岩型铜金矿床的勘查工作提供了重要的遥感线索,对定位找矿靶区具有指导意义。 相似文献
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Sorption of Ni2+ on Na-rectorite as a function of contact time, temperature, pH and fulvic acid (FA)/humic acid (HA) was studied under ambient conditions. A pseudo-second-order rate equation was used to simulate the kinetic sorption. The removal of Ni2+ increased with increasing pH. The presence of FA/HA enhanced the sorption of Ni2+ at low pH values, whereas no drastic effect of FA/HA on Ni2+ uptake to rectorite was found at high pH values. The diffuse layer model (DLM) fitted the experimental data of Ni2+ sorption in the absence and presence of FA/HA very well with the aid of FITEQL 3.2. The Langmuir, Freundlich and Dubinin–Radushkevich (D–R) models were used to simulate the sorption isotherms of Ni2+ at different temperatures. The thermodynamic data (ΔH0, ΔS0, ΔG0) were calculated from the temperature dependent sorption isotherms and the results suggested that the sorption process of Ni2+ on rectorite was spontaneous and endothermic. The sorption and species of Ni2+ on rectorite in the presence and absence of FA/HA was also investigated and characterized by XPS. The spectroscopic analysis indicated no drastic structural changes of Na-rectorite and the sorption of Ni2+ mainly occurred on the surface and at the edge position of Na-rectorite. 相似文献
18.
M. Sayed N. Burham 《International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology》2018,15(1):105-118
A novel polyurethane foam/organobentonite/iron oxide nanocomposite adsorbent was successfully prepared via in situ polymerization of toluene diisocyanate and polyol in presence of 5 wt% organobentonite/iron oxide. The obtained nanocomposite was characterized in detail, and the results revealed that the clay layers are exfoliated and/or intercalated in the polymer matrix forming a nanocomposite structure. The application of the prepared nanocomposite for adsorption of cadmium ions from aqueous solution was tested as a function of various experimental parameters using batch procedures. Adsorptive removal of Cd(II) onto the nanocomposite attained maximum at adsorbent content 1.5 g/L, pH 6, and the equilibrium was established within 60 min. Kinetic studies showed that the experimental data fit very well to pseudo-second-order model, and the adsorption process proceeds through three steps. It was found that external liquid film and intraparticle diffusion steps deeply affect the rate of Cd2+ ions adsorption onto the synthesized nanocomposite. Langmuir isotherm model fitted the adsorption data better than Freundlich with a maximum adsorption capacity (q m) for Cd(II) equal to 78 mg/g under the specified experimental conditions. The synthesized nanocomposite afforded effective extraction for Cd2+ ions from natural water samples and excellent reusability feature. This study declares the potential efficiency of a new clay/polymer nanocomposite as alternative for wastewater remediation. 相似文献
19.
Niranjan D. Chatterjee 《Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology》1973,42(3):259-271
The reaction 3 Na-montmorillonite + 2 albite 3 paragonite + 8 quartz has been studied experimentally using starting materials composed of natural low albite, kaolinite and quartz. Rate studies at 2, 4 and 7 kb demonstrate that the reaction takes place at 335–315° C from lower to higher pressures. Attempts to reverse this reaction with runs lasting several months were without success. Comparison with pertinent data from natural mineral assemblages indicate that despite non-reversal, the data presented here may be very near to the true lower thermal compatibility limit of the assemblage quartz-paragonite.The above reaction becomes metastable beyond the upper pressure stability limit of the phase Na-montmorillonite; it is replaced here by another reaction 1 albite + 1 kaolinite 1 paragonite + 2 quartz + 1 H2O, as suggested originally by Zen (1960). A P-T-grid showing possible compatibility relations of the assemblage quartz-paragonite is provided (Fig. 4). Perusal of natural assemblages belonging to the subsystem Na2O-Al2O3-SiO2-H2O lends credence to this grid.In course of the rate studies reported here, various regular paragonite-sodium montmorillonite mixed-layer phases were encountered (Fig. 2); the 11 regular mixed-layer phase represents the synthetic analogue of the mineral rectorite (sometimes called allevardite), widely recorded from deep diagenetic and anchimetamorphic environments. Results of rate-studies (Fig. 3) suggest that the mixed-layer phases are all transient, metastable products obtained during the transformation of the albite-Na-montmorillonite assemblage to paragonite-quartz. As such, rectorite and related mixed-layer phases on the join montmorillonite-paragonite, are always less stable relative to the assemblage Na-montmorillonite-paragonite. 相似文献
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《International Geology Review》2012,54(4):353-367
Metasedimentary and sedimentary rocks that represent the allochthonous Bolkardagi Unit crop out in the Central Taurus Belt. Devonian units include mainly slate, metadolomite, metadolomitic limestone, and metasandstone. Slates with slaty cleavage and chlorite-mica stacks are characterized by phyllosilicate, quartz, calcite, dolomite, feldspar, and goethite. Phyllosilicates consist of 2M1 and lesser amounts of 1M muscovite, IIb chlorite, pyrophyllite, paragonite. PM, C-V, C-S. rectorite, and dickite, and reflect conditions of the low epizone-anchizone. In the Carboniferous-Triassic units, limestone, clayey limestone, dolomitic limestone, marl, shale, and sandstone retaining primary textures are composed of calcite, dolomite, quartz,1Md illite, chlorite, and I-S, and locally smaller quantities of 2M1 muscovite, PM, paragonite, pyrophyllite, and rectorite. In contrast, the Triassic formation is made up of calcite, 1Md illite, I-S, kaolinite, smectite, chlorite, C-S, C-V, dolomite, and quartz. Textural and mineralogical data indicate that development of the diagenetic-metamorphic grade in the Central Taurus was related to sedimentary burial and thrusting; moreover, the metasedimentary rocks were metamorphosed in a typical anticlockwise P-T-t pathway in an extensional setting. 相似文献