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基于2008-11-10、2009-08-28两次大柴旦Mw6.3地震期间的6景Envisat SAR影像,利用小基线集技术提取相应的InSAR地表形变场。结果显示,震中周缘区域未观测到显著的震后形变空间模式,6个特征点区域的形变序列也未显示由快到慢的时变特征。基于震后形变理论对获取的地表形变进行余滑解释,分析两次地震同震破裂的主要参数,建立震时及期间地下断层滑移过程。两次地震分别在不同深度发生破裂且平均滑移量差异较大,前次地震未产生显著的浅层震后余滑。地震区域岩石圈8.2~23.7km深度内在同震阶段的滑移亏损可能以震间无震滑动的形式予以补偿。 相似文献
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基于SB-DInSAR时间序列探测地震形变过程的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对2009年4月6日意大利拉奎拉6.3级地震9景ENVISAT重轨单视复数据采用双轨模式进行小基线（SB）干涉处理,获得了此次地震的SB-DInSAR时间序列干涉图、位移场以及位移速度场。结果表明：1)地震位移场形变过程为由震前的缓慢变化到震后的加速运动,速度明显由慢到快;2）震中以西为大面积隆起区,最大隆起量为140 mm;震中以东为大面积下沉区域,但形变集中在破裂区,主要在发震过程及震后形成,最大沉降量达185 mm;3）地震产生的破裂主要沿震中的东南方向传播,集中在约13.4 km×7.6 km、方向约135°的椭圆形区域内。 相似文献
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以基于大地测量观测资料研究断层运动为主线,分析讨论地震大地测量观测资料在分析研究断层不同孕震周期运动模式中发挥的作用。回顾断层位错模型的发展,包括弹性回跳理论的提出、位错理论在描述同震、震间和震后形变中的发展应用,总结地震大地测量观测在判断断层孕震阶段中的应用,为断层地震危险性分析提供支撑。 相似文献
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采用横向分段、纵向分层的断层位错模式研究了美国加州帝国河谷地区四期三角复测资料,确定了1940年该河谷地区的M_ W=7.1级地震的断层活动方式及震后不同时期的滑动速率。 模式的要点是:大震间歇期发震层(孕震层)是闭锁或接近于闭锁状态,地表浅层和地壳深层可以发生无震滑动(蠕动);地震发生时,浅层与发震层产生滑动,且滑动量沿断层呈非均匀分布。 相似文献
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基于2017年九寨沟MS7.0地震破裂模型及区域均匀分层粘弹性地壳模型,计算此次地震引起的周边地区同震及震后库仑应力变化,讨论地震对周边若干活动断层的影响。结果表明,此次地震增加了虎牙断裂北段发震破裂区两端的库仑应力,最大同震库仑应力增量为148 kPa,在很大程度上超过地震应力触发阈值10 kPa,震后50 a内破裂区两端的库仑应力有所增强,但增量较小,仅在3~5 kPa左右;虎牙断裂南段同震库仑应力增量较小,在3 kPa左右,震后50 a内应力基本无变化;塔藏断裂带西北段的同震应力增量在5～33 kPa之间,在大部分区域超出应力触发阈值,震后应力有所加强,但是增量较小(约为3 kPa)。库仑应力加载有可能增加以上活动断层的地震危险性,需加强监测。地震对雪山断裂带西段(以虎牙断裂与雪山断裂交叉点为界)的影响较小,其同震库仑应力最大增量仅在6.15 kPa左右,未超过地震应力触发阈值。同时,地震还减小了雪山断裂带东段、白龙江断裂舟曲段、岷江断裂北部以及龙日坝断裂北部地区的库仑应力,可能短时间内减小了这些地区的地震危险性;而对距离震中较远(150 km以外)的地区(如青川断裂)影响十分微弱,其同震与震后应力变化可忽略不计。 相似文献
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计算古冶5.1级地震震前、同震、震后唐山地区9口流体井的孔压分布和实测井水位升降情况。结果表明：1)震前,唐山古冶地区处于应力累积的状态,压缩区为近东西向,拉张区为近南北向,实测的井水位升、降情况基本与压缩、拉张情况一致;2)震时,压缩、拉张区没有改变,但应力有所释放,实测的井水升、降情况存在与压缩、拉张情况不一致的现象;3)震后,压缩区演变为拉张区,拉张区演变为压缩区,实测的井水位升、降情况也基本与压缩、拉张情况一致。本文较为全面地解释了地震静应力从震前到震后的调整过程,通过计算震前、震时、震后的井孔压分布得知,井孔压在走滑断层破裂带周边呈四象限分布,这种变化特征可用震前闭锁剪力模型解释。 相似文献
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利用2015年尼泊尔MW7.9地震震后16个站531 d的连续观测数据,基于弹性位错理论,使用主成分反演方法（PCAIM）分析该地震震后断层滑动的时空变化特性。结果表明：1）震后断层滑动服从对数衰减模式;2）余滑主要分布在主震破裂带北部区域,最大滑动量达到20.6 cm,位于地表以下26.7 km处;3）余滑释放的地震矩为3.36×1020 N·m,对应矩震级约为MW7.6。 相似文献
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昆仑山口西Ms8.1地震的地壳变形特征 总被引：33，自引：15，他引：18
利用全球定位系统1991－2001年及震后4期GPS观测数据。获得了2001年11月14日昆仑山口西地震（Ms8.1)的同震和震后形变运动图像，跨破裂带GPS网最近两点测得的最大同震形变为1.9m左右，而震后4个月断层蠕滑引起的变形约为80mm，破裂带两侧震后变形幅度具有非对称性。南侧震后变形基本是北侧的2－3倍。研究结果显示破裂带南盘在震后向偏东方向有明显移动，预示本次地震后能量的重新分配与积累，根据近几十年以来东昆仑断裂带的大地震由西向东扩展的特点，未来地震有向东迁移的可能。 相似文献
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处理尼泊尔境内及中国藏南的连续GPS数据,获得尼泊尔地震震后1 a的三维形变场。结果表明,震后形变主要发生在尼泊尔北部及中尼边境区域,水平形变以向南运动为主,垂直形变以隆升为主。采用有限断层模型反演的震后余滑分布范围十分广泛,主要集中在同震破裂下倾部分,向下延伸至30 km,平均余滑深度为20 km。震后1 a余滑释放的地震矩为8.8×1019 Nm,等价矩震级为MW7.3,占同震释放总能量的12%。扣除黏弹性松弛效应之后,反演的余滑分布更加集中于同震破裂下倾区域,断层模型底部无余滑,平均余滑深度减小为16 km。经黏弹性松弛效应改正后的余滑模型释放的地震矩为 5.7 ×1019Nm,仅为同震释放能量的8%左右。该余滑模型不但提高了数据的拟合精度,且其分布特征更接近应力驱动的模型。由于震后余滑发生在深部而非浅部未破裂区域,说明断层浅部仍处在闭锁状态,其未来的地震危险性仍需密切关注。 相似文献
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从地震矩张量的理论和点源的垂直位移公式出发，通过离散化地震矩密度，得到了用水准资料反演断层非均匀破裂的有限元模型。利用唐山地震前后的水准资料，采用非负限制的梯度方法反演了唐山地震的非均匀破裂，发现唐山地震的破裂主要是由两部分组成的，其中最大点滑动量为９．９０ｍ。计算得到地震矩为１．５×１０（２２）Ｎ·ｃｍ，说明唐山地震前后一年内的垂直形变是同震变化。 相似文献
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Based on the hydrographic data in austral summer during the 22nd Antarctic Expedition of China(2005/2006),some features can be found about the northern margin of Emery ice shelf as follows.The heat content in the surface layer(0-50 m) at the eastern end and the western end of the ice-shelf margin is much higher than that at the middle.The upper mixing-layer depth and the seasonal thermocline depth at the middle of the ice-shelf northern margin are much shallower than those at the both ends.However there is much less difference between the middle and the ends in the bottom layer.The remote sensing photos show that the inhomogeneity in the surface-layer water is closely related to the spatial distribution of the floes and polynia in the area. 相似文献
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Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rDNA of 8 strains of cultivable bacteria isolated from Arctic sea-ice was studied.The results showed that strain BJ1 belonged to genus Planococcus,which was a genus of low mole percent G C gram-positive bacteria;strain BJ6 belonged to genus Burkholderia of β-proteobacteria and the rest 6 strain all belonged to γ-proteobacteria,of which strain BJ8 was a species of Pseudoalteromonas,strain BJ2-BJ5 and BJ7 were members of genus Psychrobacter.Phylogenetic analysis also indicated that bacteria of genus Psychrobacter of the isolates formed a relatively independent phylogenetic cluster in comparison with other bacteria belonged to genus Psychrobacter. 相似文献
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《极地研究(英文版)》2014,(3)
正1 Aims and Scope Advances in Polar Science(APS)is an international,peer-reviewed journal jointly sponsored by the Polar Research Institute of China and the Chinese Arctic and Antarctic Administration.APS is a comprchensive academic journal dedicated to presentation of multi-disciplinary achievements in Arctic and Antarctic expeditions and research.Its primary purpose is to publish achievements in fundamental research,applied 相似文献
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《山地科学学报》2014,(4):I0004-I0009
<正>AIMS AND SCOPE(Editorial Policy)The Journal of Mountain Science(JMS)is devoted to mountains and their surrounding lowlands-ecoregions of particular global importance,with a particular emphasis on the important highlands/mountains in the world,such as the Tibetan Plateau,the Himalayas,the Alps,the Andes,the Rockies and many other mountain ranges of our planet. 相似文献
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《山地科学学报》2014,(4)
<正>The Journal of Mountain Science(JMS),founded in2004,is an international English-language journal on mountain sciences.JMS is supervised by the Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS),sponsored by the Chengdu Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment,CAS,published by Science Press China,and distributed by Springer exclusively throughout the world(excluding Mainland China).The JMS is published bimonthly,fulltexted in SpringerLink and CNKI,indexed/abstracted by 相似文献
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References： 《极地研究(英文版)》2007,18(1):73-83
Using the NCEP/NCAR reanalysis monthly 500 hPa height data on a 2.5 latitude-longitude grid and 1°×1° sea ice data,the polar vortex area,intensity index and arctic sea ice area index are calculated respectively,and the meridional distribution,period variation and the abrupts in the long range trend are analyzed to study their relationship.The results show that the meridional distribution of sea ice and polar vortex h-ave distinctive difference,the relative positions of them are different in the eastern and western hemispheres,and exept they have periods of 4 months,quasi half year,quasi year,4-5 years and 10 years commonly,and each of them has its own respective variation as well.The sea ice area is decreasing apparently since 1980's,so is the polar vortex area,but their abrupt changge time are different totally.The area of sea ice and polar vortex has prominent positive correlation,but the relationship of sea ice intensity,polar vortex intensity,polar vortex area is complicated. 相似文献
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The ability of cell to modulate the fluidity of plasma membrane was crucial to the survival of microorganism at low temperature. Plasma membrane proteins, fatty acids and carotenoids profiles of Antarctic psychrophilc yeast Rhodotorula sp. NJ298 were investigated at -3 ℃, 0 ℃ and 8 ℃. The results showed that plasma membrane protein content was greater at -3 ℃ than that at 8 ℃, and a unique membrane polypeptide composition with an apparent molecular mass of 94.7 kDa was newly synthesized with SDS-PAGE analysis; GC analysis showed that the main changes of fatty acids were the percentage of unsaturated fatty acids (C18∶ 1 and C18∶ 2) and shorter chain saturated fatty acid (C10∶ 0) increased along with the decrease of the culture temperature from 8 ℃ to -3 ℃; HPLC analysis indicated that astaxanthin was the major functional carotenoids of the plasma membrane, percentage of which increased from 54.6±1.5% at 8 ℃ to 81.9±2.1% at -3 ℃. However the fluidity of plasma membrane which was determined by measuring fluorescence anisotropy was similar at -3 ℃, 0 ℃ and 8 ℃. Hence these changes in plasma membrane's characteristics were involved in the cellular cold-adaptation by which NJ298 could maintain normal plasma membrane fluidity at near-freezing temperature. 相似文献