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本文从现代海底热液成矿系统和古代块状硫化物矿床中都含有大量的贵金属这一事实出发，论证了贱金属硫化物矿床中贵金属的重要性，并论述了Ａｕ，Ａｇ在矿物、矿石、矿体及矿床类型中的分布特征及其Ｃｕ－Ａｕ共生、Ｐｂ（Ｚｎ）－Ａｇ共生相合对于矿床地质和找矿的意义。 相似文献
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美国科罗拉多地区,矿产资源丰富,计有金、银、钼、钨、铜、铅、锌、铀、萤石等多种矿产资源。其矿化类型有:①与第三纪岩株共生的浸染状或网脉状钼矿床;②在第三纪火山岩中的贵金属和贱金属组合的脉状矿床;③在古生代沉积岩中的贱金属交代矿床和脉状矿床。前寒武纪岩石中的矿脉,包括含贵金属硫化物脉,金、银碲化物矿脉和钨矿脉。此外尚有前寒武纪沉积铁矿和第三纪沉积岩中的铀矿床,与碱金属侵入杂岩共生的钍—铌—稀土金属矿床等。 相似文献
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本文介绍了贵子弧形构造带西段控岩控矿因素,主要矿床工业类型及矿床共生组合特征和找矿标志;并阐述了“锡石硫化物—斑岩型”和“斑岩—云英岩—层控绿片岩型”的矿床共生组合特征与地质找矿工作的重要意义。 相似文献
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讨论了喀拉通克矿区工号含贵金属硫化铜镍矿床含矿岩体及矿体地质特征、成岩成矿物质来源和成矿作用等,建立了相应的成岩成矿模式。该模式认为,喀拉通克Ⅰ号含贵金属硫化铜镍矿床是一叠生矿床,它是由深部熔离作用形成的富含硫化物的含矿岩浆,侵位后经就地熔离成矿作用、纯硫化物矿浆就地结晶和挤压迁移作用以及热液成矿作用形成的,矿床类型属岩浆熔离型。 相似文献
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讨论了喀拉通克矿区I号含贵金属硫化铜镍矿床含矿岩体及矿体地质特征、成岩成矿物质来源和成矿作用等，建立了相应的成岩成矿模式。该模式认为，喀拉通克I号含贵金属硫化铜镍矿床是一叠生矿床，它是由深部熔离作用形成的富含硫化物的含矿岩浆，侵位后经就地熔离成矿怍用、纯硫化物矿浆就地结晶和挤压迁移作用以及热液成矿作用形成的，矿床类型属岩浆熔离型。 相似文献
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铂族元素矿物共生组合(英文) 总被引：1，自引：2，他引：1
由于铂族元素能有效地降低汽车尾气的污染 ,其需求量日益增加 ,对铂族元素矿床的寻找已是当务之急。着重从矿物矿床学角度对铂族元素的矿物共生特点进行了探讨。铂族元素可呈独立矿床产出 ,主要产于基性超基性层状侵入体、蛇绿岩套及阿拉斯加式侵入体中。铂族元素也伴生于铜镍矿床中 ,该类铜镍矿床主要与苏长岩侵入体、溢流玄武岩及科马提岩有关。产于基性超基性层状侵入体中的铂族矿物有铂钯硫化物、铂铁合金、钌硫化物、铑硫化物、铂钯碲化物、钯砷化物及钯的合金。这些铂族矿物可与硫化物矿物共生 ,也可与硅酸盐矿物共生 ,还可与铬铁矿及其他氧化物矿物共生。产于蛇绿岩套中的铂族矿物主要是钌铱锇的矿物 ,而铂钯铑的矿物则较少出现 ,这些铂族矿物可呈合金、硫化物、硫砷化物以及砷化物 4种形式出现。产于阿拉斯加式侵入体中的铂族矿物主要有铂铁合金、锑铂矿、硫铂矿、砷铂矿、硫锇矿及马兰矿等少数几种 ,其中铂铁合金与铬铁矿及与其同时结晶的高温硅酸盐矿物共生 ,而其他的铂族矿物则与后来的变质作用及蛇纹岩化作用中形成的多金属硫化物及砷化物共生。产于铜镍矿床中的铂族矿物主要是铂和钯的矿物。产于基性超基性层状侵入体、蛇绿岩套及阿拉斯加式侵入体中的铂族矿物的共同特点是它们均与铬铁矿? 相似文献
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冷水箐铜镍硫化物矿床的铂族元素地球化学特征 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采用镍铳试金预处理中子活化分析方法,测定了冷水箐铜镍硫化物矿床的矿石和含矿围岩的铂族元素含量,探讨了岩浆演化和熔离作用过程中铂族元素的地球化学行为和贵金属配合型式。结果表明,冷水箐矿床的铂族元素配分型式与玄武岩浆有关的铜镍硫化物矿床相似,而明显不同于与科马提岩浆有关的铜镍硫化物矿床。认为冷水箐岩体镁铁－超镁铁岩的原始岩浆为玄武岩浆。 相似文献
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绪言贱金属块状硫化物矿床对世界贱金属和贵金属的供应有重要的经济意义,但对其在科学上的重要性大概未能给以充分的重视。块状硫化物矿床产于从太古宙至第四纪的整个地质时代的岩石中,并发现于从内硅镁层至内硅铝层的极其广泛的地质环境中。不同类型块状硫化物矿床在时、空上的分布有力地说明,这些差异是构造作用演化的结果。 相似文献
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热液在裂隙中的沸腾作用和金银矿床的成矿关系 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
由于过去几年中国际市场上金银矿产价格的上涨,使地质和矿业人员对储量大品位低的金银矿床产生了比过去更大的兴趣。这些大储量低品位的矿床大都位于中低温热液体系中复杂硫化物矿化带的上部。贵金属和金属硫化物矿化带的分界线,通常是热液在成矿作用过程中发生沸腾的部位。热液在沸腾过程中物理化学条件的变化以及裂隙的封顶作用是使贵金属矿物发生沉淀的重要因素。研究沸腾包裹体以及成矿模式对于我们寻找盲矿体和低品位大储量的矿床类型具有一定的指导意义。 相似文献
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蒙甘新相邻(北山)地区地处塔里木、哈萨克斯坦-北山和西伯利亚板块交汇处,区内深大断裂纵横交错,各类岩浆岩分布广泛,金属矿床(点)星罗棋布,是我国北方最重要的金属矿化集中区之一.近几年来,随着该区矿产地质调查工作的全面开展,本区金属矿床理论研究和找矿勘查均获重要进展,特别是白山铼(钼)矿床和流沙山金(钼)矿床的发现与厘定,致使本区再度成为国内外矿床地质学家关注的"热点”.认真研究和分析上述2种新类型矿床的产出环境和地质特征,不仅有助于贵重金属矿床形成过程的了解,而且对在北山海西期岩浆岩发育区进一步寻找新类型贵重金属矿床具有重要指导意义. 相似文献
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Mineralization Controls in Island Arc Settings: Insights from Philippine Metallic Deposits 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
A review of the gold-copper, volcanogenic massive sulfide and ultramafic-hosted (i.e., chromitite, nickel sulfide, platinum-group minerals) deposits in the Philippines is presented. It is critical that a thorough understanding of the spatial and temporal relationship among magmatism, structures and mineralization must be gained if the correct evaluation of the economic potential of a particular deposit is to be done. Structural features conducive to precious and base metal mineralizations are associated with shear zones, extensional jogs and collision zones. In Northern Luzon, alkali and adakitic magmatism are considered good markers for gold-copper mineralization. Volcanogenic massive sulfide deposits are hosted by either ophiolites of marginal basin origin or metamorphic terranes. Exploration works on these deposits have been geared in determining the gold content of the massive sulfides. Chromitite deposits are related with ultramafic rock-hosted deposits. Their occurrence is attributed to crystallization, magma mixing and mantle-melt interaction processes in subduction-related settings. The multiple stages of partial melting responsible for the formation of supra-subduction zone ophiolites result in the generation of second to third stage melts that are enriched in nickel sulfides and platinum group minerals. On the basis of structural, geochemical and tectonic controls, Panay, Mindoro and Central Mindanao and the Sierra Madre, Leyte, and Samar are good exploration targets for precious and base metal deposition in the western and eastern sides of the Philippines, respectively. 相似文献
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《Journal of South American Earth Sciences》2000,13(4-5):403-413
The Guerrero Terrane has produced Ag, Au, Pb, Zn, Cu, and Fe from Cretaceous, Paleocene, and mid-Tertiary ore bodies, which here are considered to be those deposits hosted by Guerrero Terrane rocks regardless of their ages or genetic links. The deposits formed during the three metallogenetic epochs are described. The most important, economically, are the mid-Tertiary deposits hosted in rocks of the Guerrero Terrane, which show a characteristic distribution. Fe-skarn deposits are close to the Pacific coast. Ag–Au and base metal ore bodies are generally located along the eastern border of the Guerrero Terrane. Copper deposits are present between these two zones. Important precious and base metal epithermal deposits are aligned along the suture zone between the Guerrero Terrane and the Sierra Madre Oriental Terrane, where mid-Tertiary age igneous bodies intruded shallow levels. 相似文献
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The 3.09 to 2.97 Ga Murchison Greenstone Belt is an important metallotect in the northern Kaapvaal Craton (South Africa), hosting several precious and base metal deposits. Central to the metallotect is the Antimony Line, striking ENE for over 35?km, which hosts a series of structurally controlled Sb–Au deposits. To the north of the Antimony Line, hosted within felsic volcanic rocks, is the Copper–Zinc Line where a series of small, ca. 2.97 Ga Cu–Zn volcanogenic massive sulfide (VMS)-type deposits occur. New data are provided for the Malati Pump gold mine, located at the eastern end of the Antimony Line. Crystallizations of a granodiorite in the Malati Pump Mine and of the Baderoukwe granodiorite are dated at 2,964?±?7 and 2,970?±?7?Ma, respectively (zircon U–Pb), while pyrite associated with gold mineralization yielded a Pb–Pb age of 2,967?±?48?Ma. Therefore, granodiorite emplacement, sulfide mineral deposition and gold mineralization all happened at ca. 2.97?Ga. It is, thus, suggested that the major styles of orogenic Au–Sb and the Cu–Zn VMS mineralization in the Murchison Greenstone Belt are contemporaneous and that the formation of meso- to epithermal Au–Sb mineralization at fairly shallow levels was accompanied by submarine extrusion of felsic volcanic rocks to form associated Cu–Zn VMS mineralization. 相似文献
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西成地区铅-锌矿、金矿硫铅同位素特征及成矿关系的研究 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4
甘肃省西成地区分布有多种类型的铅-锌矿和金矿,已探明海底喷流型（SEDEX）铅-锌矿资源量超过1300×10^4t（金属量）。金矿主要分布于盆地中西部泥盆系厚层碎屑岩中．受控于韧性剪切带。对矿床中硫化物硫、铅同位素研究结果表明,西成铅-锌矿田北矿带的后期改造是在相对封闭的环境下实现的、而南矿带铅-锌矿则有部分外来物质的参与,但并未发生明显的分异,同时,两个矿带喷流（气）-沉积过程的不同,这也是导致硫同位素存在差异的重要原因。在印支期的成矿过程中金矿具有明显独立于铅-锌矿的地质特点与硫、铅同位素演化过程,硫主要源自区内的围岩,而铅同位素中则有较多放射性成因铅的加入。 相似文献
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The Platinova Reef, in the Skaergaard Intrusion, east Greenland, is an example of a magmatic Cu–PGE–Au sulfide deposit formed in the latter stages of magmatic differentiation. As is characteristic with such deposits, it contains a low volume of sulfide, displays peak metal offsets and is Cu rich but Ni poor. However, even for such deposits, the Platinova Reef contains extremely low volumes of sulfide and the highest Pd and Au tenor sulfides of any magmatic ore deposit. Here, we present the first LA-ICP-MS analyses of sulfide microdroplets from the Platinova Reef, which show that they have the highest Se concentrations (up to 1200 ppm) and lowest S/Se ratios (190–700) of any known magmatic sulfide deposit and have significant Te enrichment. In addition, where sulfide volume increases, there is a change from high Pd-tenor microdroplets trapped in situ to larger, low tenor sulfides. The transition between these two sulfide regimes is marked by sharp peaks in Au, and then Te concentration, followed by a wider peak in Se, which gradually decreases with height. Mineralogical evidence implies that there is no significant post-magmatic hydrothermal S loss and that the metal profiles are essentially a function of magmatic processes. We propose that to generate these extreme precious and semimetal contents, the sulfides must have formed from an anomalously metal-rich package of magma, possibly formed via the dissolution of a previously PGE-enriched sulfide. Other processes such as kinetic diffusion may have also occurred alongside this to produce the ultra-high tenors. The characteristic metal offset pattern observed is largely controlled by partitioning effects, producing offset peaks in the order Pt+Pd>Au>Te>Se>Cu that are entirely consistent with published D values. This study confirms that extreme enrichment in sulfide droplets can occur in closed-system layered intrusions in situ, but this will characteristically form ore deposits that are so low in sulfide that they do not conform to conventional deposit models for Cu–Ni–PGE sulfides which require very high R factors, and settling of sulfide liquids. 相似文献
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本文结合国内外典型研究事例分析 ,介绍了钨氧化物钐 钕同位素直接定年技术在贵重和有色金属矿床研究中的适用性和局限性 ,探讨了利用钕同位素数据示踪成矿物质来源与流体运移轨迹的可能性 ,指出对同一金属矿床开展多种同位素分析的重要性和必要性。 相似文献