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1.
We present an interpretation of gravity data acquired in 1984 by the French R/V Jean Charcot on the submarine part of the eastern flank of Piton de la Fournaise volcano. We comment on the Bouguer anomaly map and give a quantitative interpretation of three gravity profiles. The main results are that a gravity high over Grand Brûlé, the lower subaerial part of the eastern flank, does not extend far offshore and that an anomalous topographic feature, discovered in 1982 on the submarine eastern flank, is characterized by a large negative anomaly. We propose three hypotheses to explain the origin of this anomaly, i. e., it marks the site of a new volcano, or it is a consequence of lateral volcanism from a volcano older than Piton de la Fournaise, or more probably, it represents a great landslide deposit. 相似文献
2.
Global ellipsoid-referenced topographic,bathymetric and stripping corrections to gravity disturbance
This paper revisits several aspects of defining and computing the anomalous gravity data for purposes of gravimetric inversion/interpretation.
Attention is paid to evaluation of a refined global topographic correction to the gravity disturbance based on the reference
ellipsoid (RE) and constant reference density for solid topography onshore and sea water density for liquid topography offshore.
The global bathymetric correction is discussed. Two issues associated with compilation and inversion of bathymetrically and
topographically corrected gravity disturbances in regions of negative ellipsoidal (geodetic) heights are pointed out: the
evaluation of normal gravity and the harmonic continuation of the gravity data. Stripping, the removal of an effect of a known
density contrast, is considered also for additional geological elements such as lakes, glaciers, sedimentary basins, isostatic
mountain roots, etc. The stripping corrections are discussed in the context of the gravimetric inverse problem. 相似文献
3.
Several new features are described which facilitate an automatic, more meaningful, and more accurate interpretation of gravity anomalies associated with approximately two-dimensional mass distributions. These include a provision for fixed points on the bounds of a distribution, outward dipping boundaries, calculation of the gravity effect at individual elevations of stations, smoothing of models and end-corrections for distributions of limited strike length. It is possible to obtain distributions about a median plane; these distributions are sensitive to shape and allow estimates of optimum depths and minimum density contrasts for the anomalous masses. 相似文献
4.
Geological interpretation based on gravity gradiometry data constitutes a very challenging problem. Rigorous 3D inversion is the main technique used in quantitative interpretation of the gravity gradiometry data. An alternative approach to the quantitative analysis of the gravity gradiometry data is based on 3D smooth potential field migration. This rapid imaging approach, however, has the shortcomings of providing smooth images since it is based on direct integral transformation of the observed gravity tensor data. Another limitation of migration transformation is related to the fact that, in a general case, the gravity data generated by the migration image do not fit the observed data well. In this paper, we describe a new approach to rapid imaging that allows us to produce the density distribution which adequately describes the observed data and, at the same time, images the structures with anomalous densities having sharp boundaries. This approach is based on the basic theory of potential field migration with a focusing stabilizer in the framework of regularized scheme, which iteratively transfers the observed gravity tensor field into an image of the density distribution in the subsurface formations. The results of gravity migration can also be considered as an a priori model for conventional inversion subsequently. We demonstrate the practical application of migration imaging using both synthetic and real gravity gradiometry data sets acquired for the Nordkapp Basin in the Barents Sea. 相似文献
5.
A new class of algorithms for solving the inverse problems of gravity prospecting is considered. The best interpretation is selected from the set Q of the admissible versions by the optimality criteria that are borrowed from the solution-making theory and adapted for the geophysical problems. The concept of retrieving the information about the sources of gravity anomalies, which treats the result of the interpretation as a set of locally optimal solutions of the inverse problem but not as a single globally optimal solution is discussed. The locally optimal solutions of the inverse problem are sort of singularity points of set Q. They are preferable to the other admissible solutions by a certain criterion formulated in terms of the geologically important information about the anomalous bodies. The admissible versions of the interpretation of the gravimetry data that meet the criteria of the decision-making theory are the primary candidates for the singularity points. The results of the numerical calculations are presented. The set of the admissible solutions from which the locally optimal versions of interpretation are selected is formed by the modifications of the assembly method developed by V.N. Strakhov. 相似文献
6.
The approach, fundamentally different from the known ones, to estimating the spatial location of the domain filled with the disturbing masses based on the gravity field measurement data is suggested. The main idea of the approach is, using the set of the probable variants of the interpretation, to construct the distribution of a certain parameter associated with the estimate of probability of detecting the sources of the field in any point of the studied geological medium and then to apply this distribution to each domain eligible for being the true carrier of the anomalous masses. These constructions yield the generalized admissible solutions of the inverse problem with ranking the separate fragments of the model carrier in terms of the probability of detecting anomalous masses in them. 相似文献
7.
This paper focuses on one particular way of linear filtering the gravity data to facilitate gravity inversion or interpretation. With the use of integral transforms the gravity anomalies are transformed into new quantities that allow an easier interpretation with the help of pattern recognition. As the integral transforms are in fact filters, and as the regions of integration are caps with a variable radius, which can be systematically changed as a free parameter, we refer to such methodology as the truncation filtering. Such filters may be understood as weighted spherical windows moving over the surface, on which the gravity anomaly is defined, the kernel of the transform being the weight function. The objective of this paper is to define and deploy the truncation filtering for a planar model, i.e. for a homogenous horizontally infinite layer with embedded anomalous masses, and for a spherical model, i.e., for a homogenous massive sphere with embedded anomalous masses. Instead of the original gravity anomaly, the quantities resulting from the truncation filtering are interpreted/inverted. As we shall see, this approach has certain benefits. The fundamental concept of the truncation filtering methodology is demonstrated here in terms of the model consisting of one point mass anomaly.The relationship between the depth of the point mass and the instant of the onset of the dimple pattern observed in sequences produced by truncation filtering the synthetic gravity data generated by point masses is, for both the planar and spherical models, compiled by computer simulations, as well as derived analytically. It is shown, that the dimple pattern is a consequence of truncating the domain of the filter and is free of the choice of the kernel of the filter. It is shown, that in terms of the mean earth and depths of point masses no greater than some 100 km the spherical model may be replaced by a planar model from the perspective of the truncation filtering methodology. It is also shown, that from the viewpoint of the truncation filtering methodology the rigorous gravity anomaly may be approximated by the vertical component of the gravity disturbance. The relationship between the instant of the dimple onset and the depth of the point mass thus becomes linear and independent of the magnitude (mass) of the point mass. 相似文献
8.
I. E. Stepanova 《Izvestiya Physics of the Solid Earth》2009,45(4):287-300
The application of the R-approximation method based on the use of the Radon integral transform within the framework of the method of linear integral representations to the interpretation of detailed gravity and magnetic data is considered in this paper. The results are presented for some research areas located in Russia and in the Crimea (Ukraine). The method determines the distribution of anomalous field elements, construction of the analytical continuation of fields, and their linear transformations with a sufficiently high degree of accuracy. 相似文献
9.
叙述了山西中南部重力测量情况、重力分布特征、重力异常变化等。并根据重力异常变化结合几个震例进行了分析。讨论了重力测量对山西中南部地区地震监测的实际意义。认为利用重力测量捕捉山西中南部的中强地震信息是完全有可能的。 相似文献
10.
以湖南地区为例,利用超高阶地球重力位模型EGM2008计算了研究区的重力大地水准面,并采用棱柱体公式和球体公式相结合的方法分别进行了完全地形改正和Airy-Heiskanen局部均衡改正,得到布格大地水准面和均衡大地水准面.对三种大地水准面进行不同波长分量的分离处理,得到包含不同深度异常信息的剩余大地水准面,并结合其他地球物理资料对研究区进行了详细的地球物理解释.结果表明,剩余重力大地水准面可以有效地反映出研究区内的深部构造特征,如深大断裂带分布、构造块体位置、上地幔密度横向分布等,但对地壳内异常结构反映不明显;研究区岩石圈密度变化相对平缓,厚度由东向西增加;根据剩余均衡大地水准面及研究区Airy局部均衡莫霍面,可以大致推测出研究区的莫霍面起伏形态以及均衡状态,可作为一种有用的参考信息. 相似文献
11.
12.
F. DE MEYER 《Geophysical Prospecting》1984,32(1):37-50
This paper is concerned with an interpretation of the Bouguer anomaly on the Western flank of the Brabant Massif (Belgium). The position, shape, and density contrast of elementary bodies in the upper part of the earth's crust are determined in a purely numerical manner. A batholith-like body and a basin-type structure both adequately account for the observed surface field, at least from a one-sided geophysical and mathematical point of view. Since seismological control is lacking the two models are representative of the ambiguity and indeterminacy of the definitions of the geologic cause of the anomalous features, if the data are restricted to gravity information alone. 相似文献
13.
14.
Gravity and magnetic anomalies may have the same source but it is always difficult to achieve correlated solutions if interpretations are carried out separately. Therefore it is useful to invert both anomalous gravity and magnetic profiles at the same time, so that the solution mav be more constrained. Existing inversion techniques do not lend themselves equally to this kind of extension, since the parameters—such as density and susceptibility contrasts—should not be related. The algorithms more easily adaptable to simultaneous inversion are those which look for the shape and the position of anomalous bodies with constant unknown density or susceptibility contrasts. In this study, we use the generalized inverse method in the 2 1/2 D case. Parameters are the coordinates of the vertices of the polygonal cross-sections of the anomalous bodies and both density and susceptibility contrasts of each body. The two types of profile to be processed must be superposable but may have different lengths, spacings, and coordinate origins. Both synthetic examples and field data from geologically known areas have been processed, and it appears that the simultaneous inversion technique may provide an important additional degree of control in the interactive interpretation process. 相似文献
15.
Gravity and magnetic data for the volcanic island of Ischia, Naples, Italy, have been analyzed and interpreted in light of recent geological and volcanological data to define a model of the island's shallow and deep structures. From the interpretation of the gravity data it appears that the shallow structures consist of pyroclastic material (p=2.0 g/cm3). Within these pyroclastics there are domes and lava flows of higher density and eruptive centres filled with lower density material. The basement is a “horst” with the shallowest depth at about 1.0 km, south of the centre of the island, if we assign a density contrast of 0.5 g/cm3 relative to the above pyroclastics.Interpretation of magnetic data measured at 725 stations showed that the basement derived from the gravity interpretation is magnetized. Moreover, this basement is less magnetized on the western side of Ischia which may be caused by the anomalous thermal state of the area, as indicated by surface fumaroles, hot springs etc. and temperature measurements in deep drillings. 相似文献
16.
We analyse spatial and spectral characteristics of various refined gravity data used for modelling and gravimetric interpretation of the crust–mantle interface and the mantle-lithosphere structure. Depending on the purpose of the study, refined gravity data have either a strong or weak correlation with the Moho depths (Moho geometry). The compilation of the refined gravity data is purely based on available information on the crustal density structure obtained from seismic surveys without adopting any isostatic hypothesis. We demonstrate that the crust-stripped relative-to-mantle gravity data have a weak correlation with the CRUST2.0 Moho depths of about 0.02. Since gravitational signals due to the crustal density structure and the Moho geometry are subtracted from gravity field, these refined gravity data comprise mainly the information on the mantle lithosphere and sub-lithospheric mantle. On the other hand, the consolidated crust-stripped gravity data, obtained from the gravity field after applying the crust density contrast stripping corrections, comprise mainly the gravitational signal of the Moho geometry, although they also contain the gravitational signal due to anomalous mass density structures within the mantle. In the absence of global models of the mantle structure, the best possible option of computing refined gravity data, suitable for the recovery/refinement of the Moho interface, is to subtract the complete crust-corrected gravity data from the consolidated crust-stripped gravity data. These refined gravity data, that is, the homogenous crust gravity data, have a strong absolute correlation of about 0.99 with the CRUST2.0 Moho depths due to removing a gravitational signal of inhomogeneous density structures within the crust and mantle. Results of the spectral signal decomposition and the subsequent correlation analysis reveal that the correlation of the homogenous crust gravity data with the Moho depths is larger than 0.9 over the investigated harmonic spectrum up to harmonic degree 90. The crust-stripped relative-to-mantle gravity data correlate substantially with the Moho depths above harmonic degree 50 where the correlation exceeds 0.5. 相似文献
17.
MAHBOUB AL-CHALABI 《Geophysical Prospecting》1972,20(1):1-16
The interpretation of a gravity anomaly in terms of the shape of the anomalous body is a non-linear problem and may, therefore, be carried out using non-linear optimisation techniques. The formulation is extended to include cases where the density contrast and the regional background are also unknown. For a given model the objective function is provided by the discrepancy between the observed anomaly and the calculated anomaly due to the model. Given an initial model, the optimisation procedure searches for a minimum of the objective function by an iterative adjustment of the parameters. A number of suitable objective functions is given. The behaviour of these functions in the parameter hyperspace is quite complex. Accordingly, direct search methods should be employed at the early stages of the search, changing to gradient methods at later stages. The use of constraints is also necessary to ensure the geological feasibility of the model. The required computer time may be largely reduced by careful programming. Two examples of interpretation by optimisation methods are given. 相似文献
18.
Depth Estimation from the Scaling Power Spectral Density of Nonstationary Gravity Profile 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
-- A technique to estimate the depth to anomalous sources from the scaling power spectra of long nonstationary gravity profiles is presented. The nonstationary profile is divided into piecewise stationary segments based on the criterion of optimum gate length in which the time-varying and time-invariant autocorrelation functions are similar. The division of a nonstationary into piecewise stationary allows identification of the portion of the crust with different geological histories, and using the stationary portion of the gravity profiles, more consistent depths to the anomalous sources have been obtained. The technique is tested with the synthetic gravity profile and applied along the Jaipur-Raipur geotransect in western and central India. The geotransect has been divided into four stationary parts: Vindhyan low, Bundelkhand low, Narmada rift and Chhattisgarh basin; each section corresponding to a different geological formation. Forward modeling of gravity data using results of each stationary section is carried out to propose the subsurface structure along the Jaipur-Raipur transect. 相似文献
19.
银川地震台重力观测在民乐山丹地震前异常分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
对2003年度银川基准地震台重力观测资料进行潮汐分析和非潮汐分析,提取出2003年10月25日民乐山丹地震前3个月出现的异常信息,通过对银川台观测条件、仪器的工作情况和数据精度的分析,表明此异常信息可信,阐述一定距离范围内发生地震时,重力观测短临异常的形态特征。 相似文献
20.
埋藏在6000m以下的地震反射异常体是礁体还是火成岩体？或者是海底滑塌体？在高质量重磁电资采集的基础上，通过对研究区域内的地层岩石物性细致研究，利用CEMP资料界面约束二维反演、重磁力异常剥离技术和LCT重磁力地震联合反演解释技术细致研究了异常体的物性参数，从密度、磁化率、电阻率、速度等多种特征推测判断了深层异常体地质属性，为钻井部署提供了间接依据。 相似文献