共查询到16条相似文献，搜索用时 140 毫秒
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综合主动和被动微波数据监测土壤水分变化 总被引：12，自引：1，他引：12
微波遥感测量土壤水分的方法主要分主动和被动两种，它们都是基于干燥土壤和水体之间介电常数的巨大差异。估算植被覆盖土壤表面土壤水分必须要考虑地表粗糙度和植被覆盖影响的问题。植被覆盖土壤表面的后向散射包括来自植被的体散射，来自地表的面散射和植被与地表间的交互作用散射项。本研究建立了一个半经验公式模型，用来计算体散射项，综合时间序列的主动和被动微波数据，消除植被覆盖的影响，估算地表土壤水分的变化状况。并应用1997年美国SGP‘97综合实验中的机载800m分辨辐射计ESTAR数据计算表面反射系数，综合Radarsat的SCAN-SAR数据得到体散射项，然后，由NOAA/AVHRR和TM计算得到的NDVI值加权分配50m分辨率的体散射项，最后计算50m分辨率的表面反射系数的变化值，从而得到土壤水分的变化情况，验证数据表明该计算结果与实测值一致。 相似文献
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在利用微波辐射计进行对地观测的过程中，陆地表面特性参数（如土壤水分、土壤粗糙度和植被冠层）是土壤微波辐射的重要影响因素。地表粗糙度的标定对于利用微波辐射计数据反演地表参数而言是十分重要的工作。地表粗糙度参数（h和Q）随着观测频率而变化。通常的标定方法是，假设h的空间分布是变化的，Q在全球均一地分布，则在沙漠地区首先采取h=0的近似，再对Q进行标定。但是事实上，h和Q在全球的分布都是变化着的，这与地面环境状况有关。以AMSR—E数据为例，在对MPD1分析的基础上，推导给出了简单的、基于理论模型的参数厂。厂可以直接由观测亮温值计算得到，它是一个与土壤水分无关，仅与植被层含水量7．0，和土壤粗糙度σ有关的参量，因此它可以用于地表粗糙度的标定和对植被层含水量、植被生长／变化的估计。本文选择干旱季节里的北非地区，在没有对h采取任何假设的前提下，利用参数厂实现了对地表粗糙度参数h和σ的标定，并与原有标定方法的结果做了比较分析。 相似文献
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地表土壤水分含量的时空分布信息是十分重要的,常常作为水文模型、气候模型、生态模型的输入参数,同时,也是干旱预报、农作物估产等工作的重要指标。被动微波遥感是监测土壤含水量最有效的手段之一。相比红外与可见光,它具有波长长,穿透能力强的优势。相比主动微波雷达,被动微波辐射计具有监测面积大、周期短,受粗糙度影响小,对土壤水分更为敏感,算法更为成熟的优势。目前,已研究出许多反演土壤水分的方法.本课题的主要内容是借助AMSR-E土壤水分影像数据、MODIS归一化植被指数(NDVI)影像数据和MODIS分类影像数据,利用ENVI软件进行遥感图像数据处理,运用统计分析方法建立NDVI与土壤水分的经验模型,研究中国西部地区稀疏植被覆盖区土壤水分的反演。 相似文献
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微波植被指数在干旱监测中的应用 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
在植被覆盖区域,归一化植被指数(NDVI)被广泛地应用于干旱遥感监测。和基于光学遥感的植被指数相比,Shi等提出的微波植被指数MVI(Microwave Vegetation Index)被证实能够反映更多的植被生长信息。本文以MVI为基础,利用MVI代替目前比较成熟的温度植被指数TVDI(Temperature Vegetation Index)中的NDVI,构建温度微波植被干旱指数TMVDI(Temperature Microwave Vegetation Index),发展了一种新的干旱监测方法。本文以2006年夏季四川省发生的百年难遇的干旱为研究对象,将基于TMVDI与TVDI的干旱监测结果进行了对比分析。最后,为评估监测结果的准确性,将遥感监测的结果与基于气象站点降雨观测数据构建的标准降雨指数SPI(Standardized Precipitation Index)的计算结果进行了对比分析。结果表明,利用低频降轨微波辐射计数据计算的T MVDI最适合于进行植被覆盖区域的干旱监测。 相似文献
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干旱指数的土壤湿度监测适应性分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
针对干旱指数在雨热不同期的气候下的应用效果的相关研究较少的问题,该文选取雨热不同期气候下的西班牙杜埃罗盆地一块区域分析观测网站点处土壤湿度、植被覆盖和季节对PDI、MPDI两个干旱指数进行土壤湿度监测的效果影响.得到以下结论:①PDI、MPDI指数与土壤湿度间回归方程决定系数与站点土壤湿度大小间不存在明显的相关关系;②NDVI值的范围在0.2～0.35的区域PDI、MPDI指数与土壤湿度的相关性较其他范围好;③不同季节下PDI、MPDI指数与土壤湿度的相关性有差异,在作物生长初期、雨水较多的春、冬季节PDI、MPDI指数与土壤湿度的相关性较夏、秋季高.结合上述结论得出,在半干旱地中海气候下PDI、MPDI指数在研究区域作物生长期的土壤水分监测中有较好的适用性. 相似文献
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PDI与MPDI在内蒙古干旱监测中的应用和比较 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以内蒙古明安镇为试验区,基于TM遥感影像对PDI和MPDI两种干旱监测方法进行了应用、验证和比较。试验表明,PDI、MPDI与植被覆盖区实测土壤含水量的相关系数的平方分别为0.37、0.535 5,这两种指数在试验区进行干旱监测具有一定的可行性,且MPDI的监测精度高于PDI。此外,通过整个试验区PDI和MPDI空间分布格局的比较以及这两种指数值与植被覆盖区实测土壤含水量的对比分析,发现在整个试验区,两者的监测结果基本一致,但在植被覆盖区,MPDI的干旱监测效果要明显好于PDI,这主要是因为MPDI考虑了植被覆盖的影响。 相似文献
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研究增强型植被指数基于Landsat-8数据反演土壤水分的可行性及适用性,分析研究区土壤水分总体分布,提高该地区应对干旱灾害的能力。基于温度植被干旱指数方法,以淮河流域上游地区作为研究区,基于2017年2月的Landsat-8影像,分别计算了地表温度、归一化植被指数、增强型植被指数,基于TVDI构建了两种土壤水分反演模型。研究比较了:1) EVI在TM数据中的应用特点;2)研究区土壤含水率的空间分布特征;3)两种模型反演结果的差异。结果表明:1)基于TM数据计算的EVI总体明显低于NDVI,但不同时间段的结果并不总是低于NDVI;2)基于EVI的模型结果精度低于基于NDVI模型结果。3)两种模型结果与植被覆盖度、地表温度的关系均为负相关,其中,基于EVI的模型结果与地表温度的负相关程度极高,即基于EVI的模型结果受植被影响较小,受温度影响程度高。 相似文献
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基于卫星遥感数据的地表信息特征--NDVI-Ts空间描述 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
介绍了基于卫星遥感数据的可操作NDVI、Ts和Ts／NDVI计算方法，讨论了NDVI、Ts和Ts／NDVI数据对植被覆盖信息表达的差异，分析了不同地表覆盖在NDVI—Ts空间的年内变化特征。利用信息熵和平均梯度定量分析了NDVI、Ts和Ts／NDVI数据在信息表达丰富度方面的差异，讨论了在不同地表植被覆盖下，Ts／NDVI数据信息提高程度的敏感性。 相似文献
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Shui-sen Chen Xiu-zhi Chen Wei-qi Chen Yong-xian Su Da Li 《International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation》2011
The analysis of the passive microwave radiance transfer equation certifies that there is a linear relationship between satellite-generated brightness temperatures (BT) and in situ observation temperature and that land surface temperature (LST) is largely influenced by vegetation cover conditions. Microwave polarization difference index (MPDI) is an effective indicator for characterizing the land surface vegetation cover density. Based on the analysis of LST models from AMSR-E BT with 6.9 GHz MPDI intervals at 0.04, 0.02 and 0.01, respectively, this paper developed a simplified LST regression model with MPDI-based five land cover types, combining observation temperatures from 86 meteorological observation stations. The study shows that smaller MPDI intervals can obtain higher accuracy of AMSR-E LST simulation, and that the combination of HDF Explorer and ArcGIS software was useful for automatically processing the pixel latitude, longitude and BT information from the AMSR-E HDF imagery files. The RMSE of the five LST simulation algorithms is between 1.47 and 1.92 °C, with an average LST retrieval error of 0.91–1.30 °C. Besides, only 7 polarization bands and 5 land surface types are required by the proposed simplified model. The new LST simulation models appears to be more effective for producing LST compared to past most studies, of which the accuracy used to be more than 2 °C. This study is one of the rare applications that combine the meteorological observation temperature with MPDI to produce the LST regression analysis algorithms with less RMSE from AMSR-E data. The results can be referred to similar areas of the world for LST retrieval or land surface process research, in particular under extreme bad weather conditions. 相似文献
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Intercomparison of two trapezoid-based soil moisture downscaling methods using three scaling factors
This paper compared two soil moisture downscaling methods using three scaling factors. Level 3 soil moisture product of advanced microwave scanning radiometer for EOS (AMSR-E) is downscaled from 25 to 1?km. The downscaled results are compared with the soil moisture observations from polarimetric scanning radiometer (PSR) microwave radiometer and field sampling. The results show that (1) the scaling factor of normalized soil thermal inertia (NSTIs) and vegetation temperature condition index (VTCI) are better than soil evaporative efficiency in reflecting soil moisture; (2) for method 1, NSTIS is the best in the downscaling of soil moisture. For method 2, VTCI is the best; (3) no significant differences of the correlation coefficients (R2) and the biases were found between the two methods for the same scaling factors. However, method 2 shows a better potential than method 1 in the time-series applications of the downscaling of soil moisture; (4) compared with the relationship between the area-averaged soil moisture of AMSR-E and that of PSR, R2 of the 6 sets of the downscaled soil moisture almost do not decrease, which suggests the validity of the downscaling of soil moisture with the two downscaling methods using the three scaling factors. 相似文献
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Mehdi Hosseini Mohammad Reza Saradjian 《Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing》2014,42(4):719-726
High difference between dielectric constant of water (dielectric constant about 80) and dielectric constant of dried soil (dielectric constant about 2–3) makes Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) highly capable in soil moisture estimation. However, there are other factors which affect on radar backscattering coefficient. The most important parameters are vegetation cover, surface roughness and sensor parameters (frequency, polarization and incidence angle). In this paper, the importance of considering the effects of these parameters on SAR backscatter coefficients is shown by comparing different soil moisture estimation models. Moreover, an experimental soil moisture estimation model is developed. It is shown that this model can be used to estimate soil moisture under a variety of vegetation cover densities. The new developed model is based on combination of different indices derived from Landsat5-Thematic Mapper and AIRSAR images. The AIRSAR image is used for extraction of backscattering coefficient and incidence angle while TM image is used for calculation of Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI), Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI) and Brightness Temperature. Then a soil moisture estimation model which is named as Hybrid model is developed based on integration of all of these parameters. The accuracies of this model are assessed in the NDVI ranges of 0–0.2, 0.2–0.4 and 0.4–0.7 by using SAR data in C band and L band frequencies and also in different polarizations of HH, HV, VV and TP. The results show that for instance in L band with HV polarization, R-square values of 0.728, 0.628 and 0.527 are obtained between ground measured soil moisture and estimated soil moisture values using the Hybrid model for NDVI ranges of 0–0.2, 0.2–0.4 and 0.4–0.7, respectively. 相似文献
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Since soil moisture and vegetation index are direct and important indicators for surface drought status, a new drought monitoring method (MPDI1) is developed in NIR-Red reflectance space. It is a combination of two satellite-derived variables—a soil moisture component using the Perpendicular Drought Index (PDI), and a vegetation component using the Perpendicular Vegetation Index (PVI). Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+) image and in-situ ground observation are introduced to validate the accuracy of the proposed method. Results indicate that MPDI1 is highly consistent to the in-situ ground observation with the coefficient of determination (R2?=?0.49) between MPDI1 and 5–20 cm mean soil moisture, which is slightly higher than the coefficient of determination (R2?=?0.42) between MPDI1 and 10 cm soil moisture. Compared with drought indices such as PDI and the Modified Perpendicular Drought Index (MPDI), MPDI1 provides quite similar trends for bare soil or lower vegetated surface, but it demonstrates a better performance in measuring densely vegetated surface. This paper concludes that MPDI1 provides correct and sufficient information on surface drought status in soil-plant continuum, which appears to have robust available and great potential for surface drought estimation in China and other countries. 相似文献
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For the soil moisture retrieval from passive microwave sensors, such as ESA’s Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity (SMOS) and the NASA Soil Moisture Active and Passive (SMAP) mission, a good knowledge about the vegetation characteristics is indispensable. Vegetation cover is a principal factor in the attenuation, scattering and absorption of the microwave emissions from the soil; and has a direct impact on the brightness temperature by way of its canopy emissions. Here, brightness temperatures were measured at three altitudes across the TERENO (Terrestrial Environmental Observatories) Rur catchment site in Germany to achieve a range of spatial resolutions using the airborne Polarimetric L-band Multibeam Radiometer 2 (PLMR2). The L-band Microwave Emission of the Biosphere (L-MEB) model which simulates microwave emissions from the soil–vegetation layer at L-band was used to retrieve surface soil moisture for all resolutions. A Monte Carlo approach was developed to simultaneously estimate soil moisture and the vegetation parameter b’ describing the relationship between the optical thickness τ and the Leaf Area Index (LAI). LAI was retrieved from multispectral RapidEye imagery and the plant specific vegetation parameter b′ was estimated from the lowest flight altitude data for crop, grass, coniferous forest, and deciduous forest. Mean values of b’ were found to be 0.18, 0.07, 0.26 and 0.23, respectively. By assigning the estimated b′ to higher flight altitude data sets, a high accuracy soil moisture retrieval was achieved with a Root Mean Square Difference (RMSD) of 0.035 m3 m−3 when compared to ground-based measurements. 相似文献