共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 31 毫秒
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A K Chakraborti 《Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing》1993,21(2):87-97
‘Watershed Management’ has assumed urgency for planned development of land and water resources and to arrest land degradation process to preserve environment and ecological balance. Decision support to such management planning requires scientific knowledge of resources information, expected runoff and sediment yield, priority classification of watersheds for conservation planning, monitoring of watershed for environmental impact assessment and technologies of GIS for data base creation, scenario development and appropriate decision making. Remote sensing technique is ideally suited to evolve such a management strategy. Scientific basis of this approach is explained. 相似文献
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基于可达性测度的公园绿地服务公平性时空分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
由于城区土地资源的稀缺性,公园绿地的供给与人口对绿地的需求往往难以匹配,出现了公园绿地空间分布不均衡和服务不公平性的现象。本文以两步移动搜索法的可达性测度为基础,开展武汉市主城区公园绿地社会公平性的时空分析研究。研究表明:新一轮规划实施后,从服务的整体效益来看,武汉市主城区公园绿地资源分配向着更趋于公平的方向发展;从公园绿地服务的空间格局来看,绿地可达性提高较为显著,可达性极低区域面积减少。 相似文献
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南昌市建设用地适宜性扩展路径研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
快速城市化过程中,建设用地持续吞噬优质土地资源,造成生态环境恶化。本文以移动窗口法获取建设用地源地,选取经济和社会因子构建阻力体系,生成MCR面,通过自然断点分级法获取适宜性分区,通过ArcGIS中的Hydrology扩展模块获得适宜扩展路径、生态隔离带和生态关键点,为未来城市建设用地扩展方向和生态建设提供借鉴。结果表明：①南昌市70%的区域属于允许建设区,对于维持城市生态环境的重要区域,应当重点保护,兼顾经济-生态共同发展;②利用Hydrology扩展模块对南昌市MCR面进行进行特征提取,发现主城区北部和西部较适宜建设用地扩张;③生态关键点对于维持城市生态环境具有重要作用,未来规划中应重点保护,限制开发。 相似文献
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The aim of this study is finding suitable locations for ecotourism development in Cox’s Bazar, Bangladesh. For this, potential ecotourism sites were identified and ranked using Geographical Information System and Analytical Hierarchy Process. Five factors and 15 criteria were identified to evaluate suitability of sites. Factors and criteria were selected based on literature review, local knowledge and experts’ opinions. Considering the national and international contexts and effects of ecotourism, this study proposes treating highly suitable areas more ‘naturally’ and, for conservation programmes, creating tourist facilities in moderately suitable areas by targeting growth centres and protecting agricultural land as well as local primary activities in marginally suitable areas. 相似文献
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Since there is an increasing demand for integrating landscape ecology and urban planning theories to study complex urban ecosystems and establish rational and ecological urban planning, we introduced a new concept-urban functional landscapes which can be reclassified based on detailed land use data to fulfill the various urban functions, such as residential, commercial, industrial, and infrastructure purposes. In this paper, urban functional landscapes were defined based on urban land use data produced from Pleiades images, and then landscape metrics and population density were combined to identify the urban functional zones along an urban–rural gradient. The features of urban functional landscape patterns and population density were also analyzed, and their relationship has been explored. The results showed that the pattern of urban functional landscapes and population density in the urban functional zones (Urban center, Urban peripheral area, Landscape barrier, Satellite city and Far-suburb) along the urban–rural gradient in Xiamen doesn't totally conform to the classical theories in spatial and social aspects. Urban functional landscapes is potential of acting as bridges between the landscape ecology and urban planning theories, providing scientific support for rational urban landscape planning and urban land use policy making. 相似文献
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基于光谱和空域信息的城区变化检测方法研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
目前的变化检测研究主要集中在利用中、小比例尺遥感图像进行自然环境等方面的变化检测,如草场的季节性变化、灾害检测、植被分布变化、土地使用规划等。然而随着城市的快速发展,为了满足城区管理规划中对道路、房屋等变化细节进行分析的需求,并由于高分辨率卫星诸如Ikonos,Quickbird等的出现,我们有必要并且有可能开发出一套实用、有效的、可靠的城区自动变化检测系统。针对城市区域的复杂性及其高分辨率卫星影像的配准误差问题,本文提出一种通过模糊逻辑结合光谱特征和空域特征的城区变化检测方法,以期望减小图像整体及局部配准误差对变化检测精度的影响。 相似文献
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S. S. Verma 《Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing》1985,13(1):9-16
Open spaces in a city which includes parks, playgrounds, gardens, greenaries agricultural fields and other vacant land, are decreasing very fast. They are being utilised to provide the new space for growing population of the city. Certain amount of open spaces in the city as well as at the out skirt of the city is necessary for healthy breathing and for various civic facilities to the city dwellers and to maintain the ecological balance in the city. Spatio-Temporal study of open spaces shows the trend of growth of the city as well as social changes and economic development of the city dwellers which helps the planners and administrators to exercise better planning and environmental control on the city. This paper intended to describe how and upto what extent the use of Remote Sensing techniques (Air Photos) could be made for extracting information for analysis of the open spaces and their densification. This has been explained with reference to a case study undertaken by author for part of Jaipur City (Rajasthan). 相似文献
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Manish Kumar Vasim Riyasat Shaikh 《Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing》2013,41(2):417-424
Identification of suitable site for urban development in hilly areas is one of the critical issues of planning. Site suitability analysis has become inevitable for delineating appropriate site for various developmental initiatives, especially in the undulating terrain of the hills. The study illustrates the use of geographic information system (GIS) and multicriteria evaluation (MCE) technique for selection of suitable sites for urban development in Mussoorie municipal area, Dehradun district, Uttarakhand. For this purpose Toposheet and IKONOS satellite data were used to generate various thematic layers using ArcGIS software. Criteria using five parameters, i.e. slope, road proximity, land use/land cover, land values and geological formation were used for site suitability analysis following land evaluation. The generated thematic maps of these criteria were standardized using pairwise comparison matrix known as analytical hierarchy process (AHP). A weight for each criterion was generated by comparing them with each other according to their importance. With the help of these weights and criteria, final site suitability map was prepared. 相似文献
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应用不同的方法对IKONOS遥感影像进行处理,提取城市生态环境要素,研究高分辨率遥感影像在城市生态环境监测中的典型应用及采用的技术手段. 相似文献
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地理模拟优化系统(GeoSOS)及其在地理国情分析中的应用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
第一次全国地理国情普查工作已基本完成,需要对所获取的地理国情监测数据进行空间统计分析,以得到地理国情的时空分布模式、演变规律及发展趋势,形成地理国情信息和知识。地理国情监测生成的基础数据源,可用于土地资源集约利用、城乡及城市群协调发展、生态环境保护等问题的空间智能决策分析,但目前有效的模拟分析工具还比较缺乏。笔者提出的地理模拟优化系统(GeoSOS)理论框架,耦合了地理过程模拟预测和空间优化,为上述研究提供了有利的理论支持和实用工具。为进一步方便与GIS进行无缝的链接,本文提出了基于ArcGIS插件的GeoSOS以方便进行高效的地理模拟分析。并以快速城市化地区的城市扩张与生态保护研究为例,通过在地理国情信息分析中的应用,得到了一些重要的发现。模拟结果显示,按照现在的发展趋势,广东省优化开发区域在2020年其土地开发强度将超出规定的约束指标,并发现各区域均存在大量城乡建设用地占用生态保护压力等级高和较高地块的现象,而基于土地开发强度和生态保护双重约束的城镇化扩张能够在满足约束指标的同时获得更紧凑的景观格局。表明GeoSOS及其ArcGIS插件可以成为地理国情信息分析的有利工具,并给出了今后需解决的问题和发展方向。 相似文献
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Sustainable development is a vital and challenging factor for managing urban growth smartly. This factor contains three main components, namely economic growth, ecological protection and social justice. Green Transit-Oriented Development (GTOD) is a consummate planning approach in line with those components. Implementation of GTOD in an urban area is underpinned by its quantification. Therefore, a quantitative spatial index based on several indicators related to TOD and Green urbanism concepts should be developed. In this study, Geo-spatial Information Science and hierarchical fuzzy inference system (HFIS) were employed to calculate the indicators and aggregate them, respectively. In order to showcase the feasibility of the proposed method, it was implemented in a case study area in the City of Tehran, Iran. The result of this method is an integrated spatial GTOD index, which measures the neighbourhoods’ GTOD levels. These measurements specify weaknesses and strengths of neighbourhoods’ factors. Therefore, this index helps decision-makers to plan neighbourhoods based on land use and public transit views. Additionally, the HFIS method helps decision-makers to consider criteria and indicators with their inherent uncertainties and aggregate them with much fewer rules. For evaluating the results, the developed GTOD index was assessed with municipal action planning and attraction maps. According to the outcomes of the assessment, it is concluded that the proposed method is adequately robust and efficient for smart and sustainable urban planning. 相似文献
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基于SVM决策支持树的城市植被类型遥感分类研究 总被引：17，自引：0，他引：17
城市植被类型不同,生物量不同,其生态功能与绿化效应也不同。在目前难直接获取城市“绿量”实测数据的情况下,可以绿地面积和植被类型间接反映绿地的生物量和绿化效应。本文利用高分辨率卫星影像IKONOS,以实验区与验证区城市植被类型信息为对象,在对常用的参数和非参数分类方法进行对比实验的基础上,对SVM的核函数进行了分析,构建了基于SVM决策树的城市植被类型分类模型。分类实验结果表明：与其他传统方法分类结果比较,SVM的决策树分类方法对植被类型的分类精度达到83．5％,绿化面积总精度接近95％,取得了良好的效果。 相似文献
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To ensure successful conservation of ecological and cultural landscape values, detailed and up-to-date spatial information of existing habitat patterns is essential. However, traditional satellite-based and raster classifications rely on pixels that are assigned to a single category and often generalized. For many fragmented key habitats, such a strategy is too coarse and complementary data is needed. In this paper, we aim at detecting pixel-wise fractional coverage of broadleaved woodland and grassland components in a hemiboreal landscape. This approach targets ecologically relevant deciduous fractions and complements traditional crisp land cover classifications. We modeled fractional components using a k-NN approach, which was based on multispectral satellite data, assisted by a digital elevation model and a contemporary map database. The modeled components were then analyzed based on landscape structure indicators, and evaluated in conjunction with CORINE classification. The results indicate that both broadleaved forest and grassland components are widely distributed in the study area, principally organized as transition zones and small patches. Landscape structure indicators show a substantial variation based on the fractional threshold, pinpointing their dependency on the classification scheme and grain. The modeled components, on the other hand, suggest high internal variation for most CORINE classes, indicating their heterogeneous appearance and showing that the presence of deciduous components in the landscape are not properly captured in a coarse land cover classification. To gain a realistic perception of the landscape, and use this information for the needs of spatial planning, both fractional results and existing land cover classifications are needed. This is because they mutually contribute to an improved understanding of habitat patterns and structures, and should be used to complement each other. 相似文献
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The aim of this research is evaluation of land suitability for urban land‐use planning. Four factors and fourteen criteria were selected for suitability analysis and land‐use planning. Factors and criteria were defined based on literature survey, experts’ opinions, local contexts and availability of data. GIS‐based Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) was used as a Multi‐criteria Decision Making model. The study was conducted on a selected area of Dhaka city, which is one of the fastest growing mega‐cities of the world. The research result shows that highly suitable area (13%) should be used for urban residential zone; moderately suitable area (35%) should be designated as mixed use zone; low suitable area (42%) should be reserved for agricultural use and open spaces; and not suitable area (10%) should be protected from any types of activities except agriculture. The research approached an urban land‐use planning at a regional scale. 相似文献
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生态敏感性分析是城市规划编制研究的重要依据,运用GIS空间分析技术可以有效地实现生态敏感性定量分析。文中以环滆湖地区为研究区,选择海拔、水域、农田、水源保护区、生态保护区和建成区六项有区域代表性的生态因子,借助GIS空间缓冲区分析、叠加分析等功能,采用因子叠加取最值法得到规划研究区的总体生态敏感性区划,对研究区生态敏感性进行定量化分析与评价,为环滆湖地区的生态环境保护和空间管制规划策略制定与用地空间合理布局提供科学依据、方法支撑和决策支持。 相似文献
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Urban growth pattern modeling using logistic regression 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Transformation of land use/land cover change occurs due to the numbers and activities of people.Urban growth mod-eling has attracted substantial attention because it helps to comprehend the mechanisms of land use change and thus helps relevant policies made.This paper tends to apply logistic regression to model urban growth in the Jiayu county of Hubei province,China.It is applied in a GIS environment to calculate variables and,then,in SPSS to discover the relationships between urban growth and the driving forces.The relative operating characteristic(ROC) shows the modeling accuracy with the curve 0.891 with standard er-ror 0.001.A probability map is generated finally to predict where urban growth will occur as a result of the computation.The result shows the model simulates urban growth well in the county scale. 相似文献
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Elisabeth Schoepfer Kristin Spröhnle Olaf Kranz Xavier Blaes Jan Kolomaznik Filip Hilgert 《国际地球制图》2017,32(10):1139-1158
The exploitation of resources, if not properly managed, can lead to spoiling natural habitats as well as to threatening people’s health, livelihoods and security. The paper discusses a multi-scale Earth observation-based approach to provide independent information related to exploitation activities of natural resources for countries which are experiencing armed conflict. The analyses are based on medium to very high spatial resolution optical satellite data. Object-based image analysis is used for information extraction at these different scales. On a subnational level, conflict-related land cover changes as an indication of potential hot spots for exploitation activities are classified. The regional assessment provides information about potential activity areas of resource exploitation, whereas on a local scale, a site-specific assessment of exploitation areas is performed. The study demonstrates the potential of remote sensing for supporting the monitoring and documentation of natural resource exploitation in conflict regions. 相似文献