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1.
Models for Support and Information Effects: A Comparative Study 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The recoverable reserves in an ore deposit depend on several factors, in particular the size of the selective mining units (support effect) and the misclassifications when sending these units to mill or dump according to their estimated grade (information effect). Both effects imply a loss of selectivity and have to be correctly forecasted. In this work, several models are reviewed and applied to a synthetic ore deposit characterized by a highly skewed grade histogram and a spatial connectivity of high grades. The affine correction, mosaic correction, and discrete Gaussian model are compared when assessing the global recoverable reserves, whereas local estimations are performed by indicator kriging with affine correction, bigaussian disjunctive kriging, and multigaussian conditional expectation. Despite their convenience and simplicity, distribution-free methods like affine correction or indicator kriging have a poorer accuracy than the other methods. In the global framework, the discrete Gaussian model is a better alternative and is based on mild assumptions. Local estimations are not accurate and may be improved by resorting to a more suitable parametric model or to conditional simulations. 相似文献
2.
克里格法在离子吸附型稀土矿勘查储量估算中的应用 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
我国在离子吸附型稀土矿勘查工作中,一般采用地质块段法估算储量,块段法是将矿体划分为不同厚度的块段投影到水平或垂直方向上,块段的划分、各块段的面积和厚度、品位都会影响储量估算结果。本文以赣南某离子吸附型稀土矿床作为研究对象,基于先期勘探钻孔数据资料,运用三维建模软件创建了该矿床钻孔数据库,建立了矿区内矿体的三维DTM模型;采用克里格法对矿体进行稀土氧化物品位分析,将克里格法的储量计算结果与块段法的储量计算结果作对比分析。结果显示,克里格法计算的矿体体积比块段法增加了11.8%,稀土氧化物储量增加了15%,与实际勘探数据相比较,克里格法的计算结果基本合理,且具有快速、准确、方便的特点。本文利用自主开发的以克里格法为基础的三维数字矿山经济评价系统中价格-边界品位敏感性分析模块,动态设置边界品位,灵活圈定不同价格下经济可采的矿体边界,如当精矿的市场价格从10万元/吨变化为12万元/吨时,通过计算获得了此矿山经济可采矿体的空间扩展范围。基于克里格法的三维估算系统能够帮助矿山选择合理的采矿工程布置,有利于满足矿山动态管理的需要以及保证矿产资源的合理利用。 相似文献
3.
在矿产勘查、矿山设计、生产及管理等各阶段都需要进行资源储量估算的工作。地质统计学方法相对于传统储量估算方法具有明显优势,在资源储量估算中获得了广泛的应用。估值过程中单元块尺寸的合理选择对储量估算结果至关重要,然而,在以往实践中块尺寸通常根据经验或主观判断进行选择,缺乏科学依据。本文在总结前人工作及地质统计学资源储量估算经验的基础上,将块尺寸的选取问题明确地划分为勘探阶段和生产阶段。针对不同阶段的特点,重点讨论了块尺寸与品位、储量、估计精度、选别开采单元的关系,为块尺寸的合理选择提供参考。并以某特大型钼矿为工程背景,进行了深度解析及数据实验,得出了块尺寸不仅影响资源品位分布、矿石量而且影响开采技术经济指标的结论,综合考虑估计精度和选别开采单元,推荐该矿床选择15m×15m×15m的单元块尺寸进行储量估算。 相似文献
4.
P. S. N. Murthy 《Mathematical Geology》1989,21(4):443-461
This paper presents the results of disjunctive kriging applied to a supergene iron ore deposit of Bailadila Range of India. Disjunctive kriging is applied firstly to compare estimates of the blocks by ordinary kriging and secondly to estimate benchwise local recoverable reserves of the orebody. Good agreement exists between block estimates by ordinary kriging and disjunctive kriging except for peripheral blocks with less borehole information. Estimation of benchwise reserves shows that the behavior of the distribution of grades is different in various benches. The study shows that disjunctive kriging can be applied successfully for estimation of local recoverable reserves in the case of a good grade hematite iron ore deposit. 相似文献
5.
金山金铜矿经过几十年的大规模生产,金矿开采已进入矿体的边部和底部,矿体规模小,形态、产状复杂,矿石性质变化大,保有资源储量仅能满足矿山未来几年的生产需要,急需勘探接替资源。结合矿山生产实际和矿区地质条件,选择空气反循环钻探作为主要探矿手段。在分析空气反循环钻探工艺原理和适用条件的基础上,对施工机具的选取进行了详细阐述。通过对比,分析空气反循环钻探在紫金山金铜矿露采生产勘探、北口排土场含金废石（人工堆渣“矿床”）勘查中的成效以及问题。实践证明,空气反循环钻探技术可以用于紫金山金铜矿的生产勘探。 相似文献
6.
矿床数学—经济模型及其在元江金矿的应用 总被引：11，自引：3，他引：11
利用地质统计学的原理和方法，编制出矿床数学－经济模型软件包，它作为一种储量计算和矿床经济评价方法。介绍了该软件包各模块的功能，并以元江金矿应用为例，展示了该软件包的功能及效果。 相似文献
7.
Strategic mine planning includes different cut-off grade policy depending on economic parameters of mining projects and grade–tonnage
distribution of the deposit. Minimizing incorrect classification of ore and waste during grade–tonnage distribution is of
critical importance for a mining operation. This article reviews the influence of the ore grade–tonnage distribution over
the cut-off grade policy in a given mining operation. In this study, firstly, the interpolation parameters used to characterize
the grade–tonnage distribution in the orebody are given. The resulting distribution of ore and waste is used to analyze uncertainty,
risk impact, and to justify mine-planning decisions, according to the interpolation technique used and the number of geological
settings and sampling scenarios being considered. Then, the working scheme of the cut-off grade policy and economic parameters
are compared according to the resulting estimation from the inverse distance and the nearest neighbor methods. 相似文献
8.
南岭是中国钨矿高度集中的地区。崇义县聂都章源钨矿（瓦窑坑白钨矿区）即位于南岭构造带之崇（义）—（大）余—（上）犹钨锡成矿区内。该矿床属于矽卡岩型钨矿。该矿区因合理规划矿山生产和办理采矿许可证延续之需,委托江西省赣州市地质队在充分收集以往地质资料的基础上,对矿权范围已发现矿体补充开展了部分勘查地质工作后编制了资源储量地质报告,并附有多张关于资源储量的数据表形成的数据集。数据集共包含七个数据表（.doc格式）,采用国家标准对矿区白钨矿的品位、资源储量、保有储量等进行了测试与估算,精度满足资源储量估算要求。数据集可对周边同类型矿床的资源储量评估做一参考,同时对研究矿床的分型与分带情况也具有参考意义。 相似文献
9.
Xavier Emery 《Mathematical Geology》2006,38(7):801-819
Multigaussian kriging aims at estimating the local distributions of regionalized variables and functions of these variables
(transfer or recovery functions) at unsampled locations. In this paper, we focus on the evaluation of the recoverable reserves
in an ore deposit accounting for a change of support and information effect caused by ore/waste misclassifications. Two approaches
are proposed: the multigaussian model with Monte Carlo integration and the discrete Gaussian model. The latter is simpler
to use but requires stronger hypotheses than the former. In each model, ordinary multigaussian kriging gives unbiased estimates
of the recoverable reserves that do not utilize the mean value of the normal score data.
The concepts are illustrated through a case study on a copper deposit which shows that local estimates of the metal content
based on ordinary multigaussian kriging are close to the optimal conditional expectation when the data are abundant and are
not dominated by the global mean when the data are scarce. The two proposed approaches (Monte Carlo integration and discrete
Gaussian model) lead to similar results when compared to two other geostatistical methods: service variables and ordinary
indicator kriging, which show strong deviations from conditional expectation. 相似文献
10.
毕机构钒钛磁铁矿床是陕南目前正在开发利用的钒钛磁铁矿床,矿体产出于辉长岩中,属岩浆分异—后期热液改造型钒钛磁铁矿床,本文以3DMine软件为操作平台,运用地质统计学法,通过数据整理—建库—半变异函数分析—普通克里格插值—资源储量计算等步骤,对毕机构矿床进行了资源储量计算,论证了合适的圈矿工业指标。充分体现了地质统计学法在复杂矿区资源储量计算过程中较传统资源储量计算方法表现出的优势和便利。 相似文献
11.
敦煌金滩子金矿床系20世纪70年代初,在区调工作中检查古代采矿遗迹时发现,80年代开展过普查,经2014~2015年详查提交的一处中型金矿床。矿区由梭子山、八卦图和金滩子3个矿段组成。金矿化受断裂破碎带控制,加里东晚期石英闪长岩为八卦图和金滩子矿段石英脉型金矿的赋矿岩石,华力西中期二长花岗岩为梭子山矿段蚀变岩型金矿的赋矿岩石。目前控制主矿体长151~320 m、斜深155~350 m、矿体平均品位7.61×10~(-6)~17.94×10~(-6),矿体延伸较稳定,金品位较高。黄铁矿、褐铁矿、石英、方解石为主要载体矿物。据对金滩子金矿各矿段深部矿化特点及走向上控矿因素的分析,认为该矿床具有较好的找矿前景。 相似文献
12.
依据河南省鲁山—宝丰韩梁地区铝土矿的地质特征,利用Surpac 6.3矿业软件建立了该矿区的地质数据库及地层、矿体、断层和地表模型,形象表达了矿区的地形地貌和矿体的产状及空间关系。推断出矿床形成的环境和成因,应用块体模型和距离幂次反比法对矿体的品位分布和资源量进行了动态估算,表明块体估算资源量的方法可靠准确,提高了储量估算的效率,为勘查工作提供了可靠的参考和科学依据。 相似文献
13.
据个旧锡矿开发勘探资料,在计算机上实现不同网度稀空试验的结果、讨论了误差估计问题,提出了矿石品位、矿体厚度、矿体投影面积、矿体体积和金属储量等误差估值公式。以实例建立了不同穿透样锡品位变化系数值的金属储量误差与工程数量的回归模型,并将其应用于金属储量误差估计和工程效果的预测。 相似文献
14.
从北京市铁矿资源的地质矿产特征,矿床类型及其分布情况,矿石类型及其利用情况以及资源储量特征出发,重点分析了北京市铁矿资源的基本情况,从而把北京市铁矿划分为3个矿集区：库西北、库东北、库南铁矿矿集区,并对目前北京市铁矿的开发利用情况进行了分析,指出库西北,库东北铁矿矿集区在确保区内矿山企业适度发展的前提下,宜限制开采,作为战略储备,库南铁矿矿集区可以适度发展。 相似文献
15.
The aim of this paper is to present a fast method based on bootstrapping, for simulating recoverable reserves for input to financial Monte Carlo simulations. In mining, the three parameters defining recoverable reserves are the cutoff grade, z, the ore tonnage above cutoff, T, and the metal quantity above cutoff, Q. After introducing the concept of 3-dimensional QTz curves, the statistical technique called bootstrapping is reviewed and applied to a set of South African gold grades. As selective mining is carried out on blocks not points, these curves have to be calculated for blocks. The QTz curves obtained by bootstrapping are compared to those obtained by conditionally simulating the same deposit. The procedure has been extended to incorporate geologists' ideas of the likely size of the ore volume. Lastly, the recoverable reserves obtained by bootstrapping are compared with those obtained by traditional risk analysis (base case ± 10% or 20%). 相似文献
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17.
大马芦锡矿层间氧化矿床规模大、品位高、工业利用价值大。按"向、断、凹式"、"断裂加互层式"及"断裂式"成矿模式,结合实际指出具体找矿方向及找矿区域,对增加矿山资源储量、延长矿山服务年限、促进矿山经济发展起积极作用。 相似文献
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19.
近年来许多老矿山的保有资源量日趋减少,随着开采的不断深入,保有储量已难维持矿山日常生产,而针对这些矿山的勘探资料充分和数据量大的特点,可以借助GIS的强大的空间分析技术,以计算机为辅助工具,对老矿山的周围和深部进行成矿预测研究.MAPGIS在空间分析方面提供了强大的空间分析模块--DTM分析.笔者以广西大厂锡矿为例,采用MAPGIS软件,利用其DTM功能,从建立矿体的矿化强度模型入手,对矿山的周围进行了成矿预测研究.文章认为：运用GIS的空间分析技术进行成矿预测是今后几年内进行成矿预测研究的一个重要发展方向. 相似文献