共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 187 毫秒
1.
地质环境安全评价是国土空间规划的基础性工作.其目的是对人类生命财产、城镇和工程建设构成威胁的地质环境问题进行评价.基于人类生命安全至上和灾害链综合风险的原则,选取区域地壳稳定性、突发地质灾害易发程度和地面沉降易发程度等制约国土空间规划的“短板”要素,以全国为例,采用基于灾害链综合评价的图形叠置法开展地质环境安全综合评价,将地质环境安全程度分为5个等级.地质环境安全程度由高到低所占面积分别为28.34%、29.36%、21.00%、4.51%和4.24%.评价结果宏观反映了地质环境条件和安全程度,揭示了区域分异特征,能够从地质环境安全角度为国土空间规划,特别是城镇和工程建设选址综合安全评价和用途管制等工作提供科学参考依据. 相似文献
2.
3.
我国土地研究领域知名学者,原中国土地勘测规划院(现中国国土勘测规划院)院长、党委书记,曾担任中国土地学会副理事长的黄小虎研究员,应邀于2020年11月21日在清华大学土地利用与住房政策研究中心主办的“后疫情时代:国土空间规划与城乡高质量发展”论坛上作主题报告。他在发言中指出:传统规划体系存在多类型规划矛盾冲突的问题,多规合一为解决这一问题指明了方向、奠定了基础。十八大以后,中央对经济社会的发展战略、路线方针等陆续做出重大调整,国家发展内涵发生转变,要求突出发展质量,强调环境保护、农业农村优先。在体制机制上明确由新组建的自然资源部负责建立空间规划体系,其他部门不再编制涉及空间布局的规划,“多规合一”得到实现。国土空间规划的核心内容是国土利用和土地利用的功能分区,这也是用途管制的依据。 相似文献
4.
5.
以山西省乡宁县城区扇子坪–崔家坡段为例，将“木桶效应”理论与地质灾害风险“点面双控”体系相结合，提出了一种基于地质灾害风险评价的国土空间规划优化方法。该方法以1∶1万地质灾害风险评价为基础，结合地质灾害风险“点面双控”体系，将坡度、河流距、地质灾害风险分区以及地质灾害隐患点致灾范围作为“木桶效应”中的短板因子，按照等级从高到低依次为严控开发区、适度开发区和优先开发区的先后顺序进行分级赋值，将同一地块内各短板因子的最高等级值作为该地块的国土空间规划优化结果值。结果表明，研究区内的严控开发区占比26.67%，适度开发区占比54.81%，优先开发区占比18.52%，从理论上说明了研究区以优先开发区和适度开发区为主，具有较大的开发潜力。文中提出的优化方法能够便捷高效地完成大比例尺山区城镇国土空间规划，研究成果可为类似地区开展国土空间规划提供参考依据。 相似文献
6.
针对三峡水利枢纽工程建成蓄水后,涉水新型城镇建设面临的地质灾害及其风险定量评价难问题,在地质灾害精细化调查基础上,以重庆市万州区大周镇集镇区为例,通过分析计算地质灾害的发育特征、稳定性和危害性,构建了基于斜坡单元的危险性评价和基于危险源分析的承灾体易损性评价的城镇尺度地质灾害风险评价框架。定量计算不同重现期降雨极值情景下的斜坡稳定性和不同灾害强度下承灾体易损性,实现了库区集镇区地质灾害风险评价; 基于社会经济发展和地质灾害风险现状分析,提出了大周镇集镇区国土空间规划建议。地质灾害风险评价结果对制定地方发展规划具有指导意义,评价方法对同类沿江城镇地质灾害风险评价具有参考价值。 相似文献
7.
探究贵州喀斯特山区“三生空间”格局演变特征,有助于该区国土空间优化和区域协调发展。基于1980—2018年贵州省土地利用遥感监测数据,应用动态度、转移矩阵、重心迁移模型分析其38a间“三生空间”演变特征,探寻贵州喀斯特山区土地利用结构演化的过程和规律。结果表明:(1)1980—2018年,贵州喀斯特山区绿色生态空间与农业生产空间缩减,工矿生产空间、城镇生活空间和农村生活空间迅速扩张;(2)贵州喀斯特山区用地优势功能空间是绿地生态空间,平均占比为71%;(3)各功能空间转移方向主要是农业生产空间转入城镇生活空间与工矿生产空间,绿色生态空间转入城镇生活空间与工矿生产空间;(4)贵州喀斯特山区“三生空间”用地类型在不同时期的重心迁移差异较大。 相似文献
8.
9.
10.
在构建全国国土空间规划体系的新时代背景下,地质工作如何有效支撑服务国土空间规划成为地质工作转型升级的新命题。我国地质成果在国土空间规划领域的应用程度与发达国家还存在明显差距,主要原因在于地质调查精度和信息集成程度不足,而且在体制机制和技术层面都存在与规划行业的脱节。通过深度参与《上海市国土空间生态修复规划》编制,我们进一步发现地质工作的应用价值被普遍低估,地质工作的技术路径难以契合规划行业思路,传统地质成果表达方式也难以引起社会关注。为解决这些问题,建议加强重点规划区地质调查和信息集成,通过法律法规明确国土空间规划必须考虑的地质要素,畅通地质信息获取渠道,构建支撑国土空间规划的地质评价标准体系。在操作层面,建议进一步开展以需求为导向的主动宣传,构建问题导向、简单易行的技术路径,强化空间导向、聚焦重点的成果表达形式。 相似文献
11.
12.
中国地级及以上城市紧凑度的综合测度及其空间关联分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
从经济紧凑度、 土地利用紧凑度、 人口紧凑度和基础设施紧凑度等方面, 构建城市紧凑度的综合测度模型. 运用主成分分析法, 对2009年中国287个地级及以上城市紧凑度及其空间溢出效应进行综合测度. 结果表明: 紧凑度大致以"塔河-凭祥"一线为界, 以东区域的城市紧凑度水平较高, 以西的地区城市紧凑度水平低. 紧凑度Moran's I高值区连片集中在珠三角和长三角两个区域, 中心城市紧凑度的带动性和辐射性较强. 紧凑度呈现明显的热点-次热点-次冷点-冷点自东向西带状分布的格局. 经济发展、 土地利用结构和人口密度是目前中国地级以上城市紧凑度的重要决定因素, 城市土地利用因子表现相对较均衡, 而经济发展和人口密度两个主因子则表现出较强的不均衡性. 相似文献
13.
随着我国煤炭去产能政策的有力实施,一批资源枯竭及产能落后矿井陆续关停废弃,传统的独立工矿区因此沉寂,服务于煤炭生产和职工生活的工业广场面临功能丧失、土地闲置等问题。挖掘关闭煤矿工业广场的价值并赋予其新功能,是盘活存量资源、激发独立工矿区活力的关键。以山西省晋城市关闭煤矿凤凰山矿为例,研究该矿与晋城市的发展演变及其相互作用;分析关闭煤矿工业广场空间构成要素,采用层次分析法(AHP)进行价值评估,判明主要空间要素的价值特征与更新挑战;进而探索关闭煤矿工业广场的再开发城市设计策略。分析认为,山地矿业风貌与绿色生态本底是凤凰山矿的核心价值表征,应将风貌存续与生态保育作为再开发重点。关闭煤矿需确立“矿退城进”的更新目标,主动与城市产业对接,由“封闭的工业广场”转变为“开放的城市街区”。在此基础上,提出景观引导下的秩序控制、功能空间的整合与重置、交通体系的外通与内融、矿业文脉特色的延续与塑造、既有建筑的再循环改造5个方面的城市设计策略。研究表明,通过基础设施景观化改造,可在提升矿区环境质量的同时创造城市特色;借鉴城市设计思维可为关闭煤矿保护性再开发策略的制定提供帮助,在此类资源型地区的城市更新中具有应用前景。 相似文献
14.
赞比亚是非洲第二大铜钴矿资源国,不仅云集了嘉能可集团和第一量子集团等国际矿业巨头,也是中资企业第四大境外矿业投资国,在非洲乃至世界矿业领域占据重要的地位。本文从构造演化与成矿的关系角度划分赞比亚的地质构造单元,并通过跟踪研究赞比亚矿产资源勘查开发动态和矿业投资政策变化情况,分析研判矿业国际投资发展前景。本文认为赞比亚从太古代到中-新生代经历了5个大的构造事件,形成了8个构造单元,随着复杂的地质构造运动,境内产出了砂页岩型铜钴矿床、VMS型铅锌矿床、花岗伟晶岩型锡钨钽矿床等丰富的矿产资源,但全国仅18%的矿业项目进入了生产阶段,矿业发展潜力巨大,同时其投资环境相对良好。在此基础上,本文提出在赞比亚开展矿业投资,需谨慎评估矿业政策和运输贸易成本方面的因素,最大化的利用投资激励政策和产业园区的优势,赞比亚将成为矿业国际产能合作的热土。 相似文献
15.
钢铁行业是河北省的支柱产业, 其发展紧密依赖于铁矿资源, 保障铁矿资源供给安全, 对于河北省钢铁行业乃至国民经济健康发展具有重要的战略意义。本文采用多级模糊综合评判方法, 从发展力和协调力两方面对河北省铁矿资源的保障能力进行了分析研究, 同时对上述两个准则层之下又细分为不同的要素层。分析结果显示, 在发展力方面, 得益于河北省铁矿资源赋存的先天条件, 资源禀赋和开发条件较强; 对环境影响的评价为较差, 应加紧环境的治理和恢复; 在协调力方面, 铁矿产资源转化效率处于较强水平, 说明河北省钢铁工业的技术水平具有一定的优势; 经济协调度处于较差水平, 而社会协调度和环境协调度都处于中等水平。总之, 河北省的铁矿矿产资源禀赋较强, 开发条件较好, 矿产资源能够为矿业的发展提供物质保障, 具有较强的保障能力, 可为河北省钢铁行业的可持续发展提供重要的基础原材料。 相似文献
16.
Pawan Kumar Singh Arvind Kumar Mishra Deepanshu Ranjan Singh 《Journal of the Geological Society of India》2017,89(3):307-314
Indian coal mining industry is in transition phase with the growing demand of coal and is likely to escalate further with the need of ultra-mega power projects as well as announcement of smart cities projects. Although, there exist sufficient coal reserves in India, continuous acquisition and possession of coal bearing land is required to minimize the existing gap prevailing between coal demand and supply.The solution of the problem lies not only in modification of laws and policies of industry, but also in modification of mining engineering practices towards sustainable development. This paper critically examines the cause of the problem in the light of Indian laws and practices of the industry. In this paper a method of exact reclamation of post-mining land has been designed as a solution to make easier land acquisition by way of proposing a system of returning back the exact reclaimed land to its owners under corporate social responsibility activity of the industry. The proposed conceptual model of interlinking corporate social responsibility with land exchange will encourage sustainable development practice by mining engineers, and may turn around the public image of the industry. 相似文献
17.
“Industrial landscapes” as positive settings for tourism development in declining industrial cities — 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Dr. Yoel Mansfeld 《GeoJournal》1992,28(4):457-463
This paper discusses the possibilities of revitalising declining industrial cities through tourism development. The main question is whether obsolete or declining industrial land uses in or around the city can be transformed into successful tourist land uses? Traditionally tourism and heavy industry have been considered contradictory land uses. The “industrial landscape” concept is developed here to show that undergiven circumstances, and because of the changing nature of modern industry, positive relations between the two could substantially contribute to the revitalisation process of the city. Two industrial zones within the city of Haifa, Israel, are used as a case study to show and evaluate how the concept can be implemented to bring about urban revitalisation through tourism development. 相似文献
18.
Hoshu Chou 《Frontiers of Earth Science》2010,4(1):83-88
Because of slender land and high mountain, steep slope, and rapids of natural environment, the whole regional ecosystem has
the changeable terrain and landscape with diverse ecology and species. During the past 300 years, the humanity lives and spreads
on this splendid domain, accomplished the complex, fragment and sensitive of nature and humanities ecosystem, and its Landscape
ecology texture. This paper finds out that, although the National Parks system in China has been in operation for over 30
years and has achieved the objective of species conservation, it is still facing the a conflicting situation and coordinated
demand of its conservation and recreation. With the global tendency of “sustainable development” and “ecotourism”, this paper
suggests that National Park system should establish a sustainable development mechanism integrating “conservation, recreation,
and research.” Therefore, this paper suggests shifting the traditional planning paradigm of resource benefit guidance and
resource valuation framework of Ecological Planning to the “Sustainable Planning” theory and technique that are suitable for
sustainable development concept in order to meet the demand for a new conservation concept and technique of sustainable development
for the human beings dealing with the environment resources. Also, the texture and model of Landscape ecology and the model
and method of Geographic Informational System could be considered as the proper tool. This paper points out that the landscape
ecology texture and tendency should represent the secret code of sustainable development. Furthermore, the situation of the
sustainable development is dynamic, and the GIS model is necessary for corresponding planning. Finally, this paper develops
a suitable sustainable development operation definition and planning methodology to represent the interlacing framework of
ecology (conservation) and human being (e.g., recreation, research, life, etc.) system of National Park management. 相似文献
19.
Solid backfill mining for coal pillar recovery in industrial squares has to ensure that the mine infrastructure, such as the shafts and substations, is not degraded or has its utility impaired by that mining. At the same time, it is important to recover as much coal as possible. As a result, it is necessary to predict mining subsidence during solid backfilling mining of coal pillars in industrial squares and to optimize the design of the working faces. At the Baishan coal mine in Anhiu province, China, there are thick layers of unconsolidated overburden above the coal seam so it is not appropriate to use the surface subsidence prediction method of equivalent mining height to predict subsidence during the mining of the coal pillars there. In order to find a reasonable coal pillar recovery scheme for the Baishan mine, a numerical simulation method is used to determine the relationships between the compression ratio of the backfilling material and the surface subsidence prediction parameters. Research was done to determine the appropriate parameters, and based on the final prediction parameters and taking the mandated protection standards for buildings and structures into account, surface subsidence is predicted and a backfill mining scheme for pillar recovery is proposed. The results show that of the six mining schemes considered, scheme 5 is the best scheme for coal pillar recovery in the industrial square at the Baishan mine. The research results are significant for similar mines with thick unconsolidated overburden anywhere in the world. 相似文献