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1.
日本建设省砂防部砂防课池谷浩主任研究员是该国泥石流著名学者之一。他致力于泥石流分类、泥石流危险区划分、泥石流灾害调查以及泥石流防治工作,发表有许多论著。 1985年6月17—31日应邀来我国讲学。讲演内容为:1.日本砂防事业;2.泥沙灾害的实况;3.泥石流及 相似文献
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日本京都大学防灾研究所泥石流学家高桥保教授,应中国科学院成都地理研究所的邀请,于1982年10月18—20日在成都讲学三天。讲学的内容有:1.日本泥石流研究现状;2.泥石流及其堆积过程;3.潜在泥石流及泥石流危险区的确定;4.泥石流的防治;5.土壤侵蚀及人类活动。我国30多个从事泥石流工作的科研单位,大专院校,交通、矿山、水利等生产单位和设计部门的50余位专家和科研人员听取了讲学内容,并与高桥保教授就泥石流有关问题进行了座谈、讨论和交流。 相似文献
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滩地抑螺防病林的幼林抚育技术主要包括以下3方面: 1)松土除草:滩地抑螺防病林的幼林期,林木与杂草、芦苇的竞争力弱,因此,在造林后的2～3年,林木未郁闭前,要加强松土除草和毁芦工作,提高土壤通透性,增加肥力,以保证林木正常生长.尤其是滩地芦苇多,芦苇萌生性很强,单靠一次整地毁芦是不彻底的,必须反复进行多年,才能奏效. 相似文献
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泥石流监测预警站利用的是泥石流预警报系统,以便对泥石流进行监测后,作出泥石流预警报。泥石流预警报系统由三个子系统组成,这就是:1.暴雨类泥石流预报子系统;2.泥石流地声报警子系统;3.泥石流规模报警子系统。三个子系统分别用在泥石流监测预警站所属的雨量、地声、泥位三类泥石流监测点上。泥石流预警报系统由中国科学院东川泥石流观测研究站在蒋家沟研制而成,1985年底通过鉴定,获1986年度中国科学院科学技术进步三等奖。 相似文献
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四川省德昌县群发性泥石流的特征和成因 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
地处川西南的德昌县近年来由局地暴雨诱发的泥石流造成了严重的经济损失.通过德昌群发性泥石流事件中局地暴雨过程和地面条件的分析,探讨了泥石流形成过程中的雨地耦合关系.根据TM遥感影像(30 m)解译,德昌泥石流分布具有明显的区域规律,以安宁河及其支流茨达河流域最为集中,安宁河支流老碾河流域次之.根据泥石流的分布特征,结合流域的高程、坡度、地层岩性等信息,分析了泥石流易发区域的流域坡度以及NDVI特点,并将两者结合起来进行泥石流易发区的判别,准确率达92%.因此,遥感影像的光谱差异可以作为识别群发性泥石流地区的遥感标志之一.此类泥石流易发区的下垫面判别准则有两条:(1)流域平均坡度大于20°;(2)NDVI介于0.1～0.3.将泥石流易发区的下垫面识别与诱发泥石流的局地暴雨过程结合起来分析,泥石流灾害的时空分布取决于暴雨中心落点及移动路径,以德昌2004-08-24群发性泥石流进行了实例验证,结果表明泥石流最终的暴发相对于局地暴雨的峰值过程约有1 h的滞后时间,此时段正是实施临灾预警的关键时间.据此,提出了群发性泥石流的减灾思路. 相似文献
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2010-08-07-08发生的甘肃舟曲特大泥石流造成了1 765人死亡和失踪,33幢面积共11.472 km2的建筑物被直接冲毁,有20幢面积约69 km2建筑被部分损坏.现场的调查表明,泥石流破坏建筑物主要有冲击、淤埋和摩擦三种方式.通过对8座破坏建筑物的具体分析,发现泥石流破坏建筑物有正向以撞击为主、侧向以淤埋和摩擦为主,沿流向呈现波浪式变化以及遮蔽效应等特点.根据泥石流的破坏方式、特点和建筑物类型,初步提出了我国山区居民住宅两种常见结构的泥石流破坏分级标准.最后提出了几条能有效减轻泥石流对建筑物破坏的具体措施,可供坐落于泥石流危险区的山区城镇借鉴. 相似文献
8.
汶川地震后四川省都江堰市龙池镇群发泥石流灾害 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
在2008 -05 - 12汶川地震后的极震区暴发了多处群发性泥石流灾害,龙溪河流域的龙池“8·13”群发泥石流灾害就是其中之一.龙溪河流域在2010 -08 -13遭遇强降雨过程,流域内共有45处暴发泥石流,其中34处沟谷泥石流,11处坡面泥石流,泥石流冲出总量共334×104m3,造成大量泥沙淤积在龙溪河下游河道内,该段河床平均淤高5 m.诱发“8·13”群发泥石流的最大1h降雨量达75 mm,相当于20 a一遇的1h降雨量.“8·13”群发泥石流中88.9％的泥石流活动集中在汶川地震发震断裂带附近3 km范围内,仅有11.1％的泥石流分布在距汶川地震发震断裂带3～5 km范围.除受汶川地震发震断裂带影响外,泥石流分布还受地层岩性和地形的影响.龙池群发泥石流以粘性泥石流为主,占总数的88.9％,而稀性泥石流很少,仅占总数的11.1％.小规模泥石流占多数,达到总数的60.0％;大规模泥石流很少,仅占总数的11.1％,其他为中等规模泥石流.泥石流流域主要为小流域,＜1 km2的泥石流流域占多数,达到总数的68.9％;而＞3 km2的泥石流流域很少,仅占总数的6.7％.龙溪河河道内的泥沙淤积受泥石流活动、主河道坡度和宽度的控制,河道上半段没有泥沙淤积,而下半段有大量泥沙淤积.龙溪河河道内淤积的泥沙颗粒粒径受沿岸泥石流流域岩性的影响,粒径从龙溪河上游到下游呈明显的从大到小的变化规律.龙溪河流域在遭遇较强降雨时还会暴发泥石流灾害;在汶川地震发震断裂带附近的山区,在暴雨激发下还有可能暴发群发性泥石流灾害.在雨季到来时需要提高警惕,预防地震次生泥石流灾害,特别要提防不易被发现的小流域泥石流灾害,做好防灾预案和预警报工作,最大程度地减轻泥石流灾害. 相似文献
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《山地学报》2018,(6)
泥石流的声波是泥石流声波预警的重要媒介,声波的特性从一定程度上可以反映泥石流的性质和规模。通过开展容重为1. 3 t·m~(-3)、1. 5 t·m~(-3)、1. 7 t·m~(-3)、2. 0 t·m~(-3)和不同流量(规模)的34次室内泥石流实验,采集了泥石流流速、流量(规模)数据及声波信号,采用短时傅里叶变换(STFT)和滤波器对声波信号进行处理,分析研究了泥石流容重、流量对声波最大振幅、时域频域、声波能量的影响规律。实验表明:声波振幅的高低可反映泥石流规模的大小,泥石流声波最大振幅与流量表现出线性正相关性;泥石流声波最大振幅随容重呈线性增长趋势,拟合函数系数与容重满足线性正相关性,据此可以估算泥石流的峰值流量及规模;不同容重的泥石流声波能量分布频带不同,稀性泥石流的声波能量均匀分布在高(Band3)、中(Band2)、低(Band1)三个频带上,过渡性泥石流的声波能量集中在中、高两个频带上,粘性泥石流的声波能量集中在中、低两个频带上。通过对声波能量分布的分析,可以对泥石流的性质和类型进行判别。 相似文献
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甘肃省舟曲县城2010年“8·8”特大泥石流灾害损失惨重,造成1675人死亡失踪,损毁房屋200余栋,世界震惊.通过现场对舟曲三眼峪泥石流调查和研究,认为“8·8”特大泥石流灾害既是天灾(自然条件),又是人祸(人为因素).换言之,自然条件和人为因素是导致“8·8”特大泥石流的主要致灾因素.自然因素调查结果表明:1.三眼峪流域在25 km2范围内高差达2500m,且大眼峪和小眼峪沟谷纵坡降分别达到33％和36％,地形较为陡峻;2.三眼峪流域内松散固体物质总量约为26.4×106 m3,被“8·8”特大泥石流冲出的固体物质仅为1.52×106m3,松散物源丰富;3.小时降雨量为77.3 mm,属极端强降雨.人为因素分析表明:1.城镇建设(建筑物和农田)挤占泥石流排泄通道,导致行洪能力每秒不足300 m3;2.按50 a一遇的防洪标准进行设计,以往防治工程设计标准显然不足. 相似文献
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《The Professional geographer》1984,36(1):106-142
Book Reviewed in this article: Development and Environment in Peninsular Malaysia . S. Robert Aiken, Colin H. Leigh, Thomas R. Leinbach, Michael R. Moss. The Rural-Urban Fringe: Canadian Perspectives . Ken B. Beesley and Lorne H. Russwurm, eds. Women and Development . Lourdes Benería, ed. The Border that Joins: Mexican Migrants and U.S. Responsibility . Peter G. Brown and Henry Shue, eds. Cities of the World: World Regional Urban Development . Stanley D. Brunn and Jack L. Williams, eds. Time Resources, Society, and Ecology: On the Capacity for Human Interaction in Space and Time (Vol. I, Preindustrial Societies). Tommy Carlstein. Urban Geography . David Clark. Spanish City Planning in North America . Dora P. Crouch, Daniel J. Garr, and Axel I. Mundigo. Not On Our Street: Community Attitudes to Mental Health Care . M. J. Dear and S. M. Taylor Unequal growth: Urban and Regional Employment Change in the U.K. Stephen Fothergill and Graham Gudgin. Agricultural Land in an Urban Society . Owen J. Furuseth and John T. Pierce. The Petroleum Industry in Oil-Importing Developing Countries . Fariborz Ghadar. Historical Understanding in Geography, An Idealist Approach . Leonard Guelke. Regional Planning in Europe . R. Hudson and J. R. Lewis, eds. Remote Sensing for Resource Management . Chris J. Johannsen and James L. Sanders, eds. Geography and The State . R. J. Johnston. Texas Graveyards: a Cultural Legacy . Tlrry G. Jordan. The Politics of Location: An Introduction . Andrew Kirby. A Social Geography of the City . David Ley. Energy and the Future . Douglas MacLean and Peter Brown, eds. The Natural Environment of Newfoundland Past and Present . A. G. Macpherson and J. B. Macpherson, eds. Tourism: Economic, Physical and Social Impacts . Alister Mathieson and Geoffrey Wall. Railroads and Land Grant Policy: A Study in Government Intervention . Lloyd J. Mercer. Progress in Rural Geography . Michael Pacione, ed. Progress in Urban Geography . Michael Pacione, ed. Models of Spatial Inequality: Settlement Patterns in Historical Archaeology . Robert Paynter. Natural Hazard Risk Assessment and Public Policy, Anticipating the Unexpected . William J. Petak and Arthur A. Atkisson. The Nature of Geomorphology . Alistair F. Pitty. Regional Conflict and National Policy . Kent A. Price Women and Spatial Change: Learning Resources for Social Science Courses . Arlene C. Rengert and Janice J. Monk, eds. Urban and Regional Analysis for Development Planning . Richard Rhoda. Rivers: Form and Process in Alluvial Channels . Keith Richards. This Remarkable Continent: An Atlas of United States and Canadian Society and Culture . John F. Rooney, Jr., Wilbur Zelinsky, and Dean R. Louder, gen. eds. The Origins of Open-Field Agriculture . Trevor Rowley, ed. Residential Location Determinants of the Older Population . Gundars Rudzitis. Borderland Sourcebook: A Guide to the Literature on Northern Mexico and the American Southwest . Ellwyn R. Stoddard, Richard L. Nostrand, and Jonathan P. West, eds. Arctic and Antarctic . David Sugden. Tall Timbers Ecology and Management Conference, February 22–24, 1979, Proceedings No. 16 . Graphic Communication and Design in Contemporary Cartography (Progress in Contemporary Cartography , Vol. II). D. R. Fraser Taylor, ed. Living with Energy Shortfall: A Future for American Towns and Cities . Jon Van Til. The United States: Habitation of Hope . J. Wreford Watson. Air Photo Interpretation for Archaeologists . D. R. Wilson. Urban and Rural Change in West Germany . Trevor Wild, ed. Population and Resources . Harry Robinson. 相似文献
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<正>1 Introduction In 2013,Chagusaba,which is traditional tea-grass integrated system in Shizuoka,were accepted as new world heritage site of agriculture.Shizuoka prefecture occupies a variety of elevations,from 0 to 3000m or more above sea level.Because of the diversity of land features and climates,this area produces 167 agricultural commodities.In addition,a lot of traditional agriculture and over200 local native varieties of crops have been conserved in Shizuoka 相似文献
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MIN Qingwen 《资源与生态学报(英文版)》2014,5(4):289-290
<正>There are more than 10000 years of agricultural development history in the world that has provided very fruitful and ingenious traditional knowledge and experiences reflecting the evolution of humanity and the nature.In2002,the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations(FAO)initiated an international partnership initiative of"Conservation and Adaptive Management of Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems 相似文献
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《The Professional geographer》1984,36(2):250-283
Book Reviewed in this article: Geography and the Third World. International Seminar, 14–18 May 1980, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia . Ishmail Ahmad and Jamaluddin Md Jahi, eds. The Growth Dilemma: Residents' Views and Local Population Change in the United States . Mark Baldassare. Sport and Place: A Geography of Sport in England, Scotland & Wales . John Bale. The Deindustrialization of America: Plant Closings, Community Abandonment, and the Dismantling of Basic Industry . Barry Bluestone and Bennett Harrison. Selected Essays 1963–1975: Carl O. Sauer . Bob Callahen, ed. Housing and Planning in the Countryside . G. Clark. Conflict, Politics and the Urban Scene . Kevin R. Cox and R. J. Johnston, eds. Thematic Maps: Their Design and Production . David J. Cuff and Mark T. Mattson. Wine: A Geographic Appreciation . Harm Jan de Blij. USSR in Maps . J. C. Dewdney. Political Geography: A Contemporary Perspective . Ramesh D. Dikshit. Rethinking Human Adaptation . Rada Dyson-Hudson and Michael A. Little, eds. Sacred Sands: The Struggle for Community in the indiana Dunes . J. Ronald Engel. Geography of the Biosphere . A. Furley and Walter W. Newey. Disaster and Reconstruction . Robert Geipel. Glasgow: The Making of a City . Andrew Gibb. Design for Arid Regions . Giden S. Golany, ed. Urbanization and Cancer Mortality: The United States Experience, 1950–1975 . Michael R. Greenberg. Geology in the Nineteenth Century: Changing Views of a Changing World . Mott T. Greene. Colonización y Destrucción de Bosques en Panamá . Stanley Heckadon Moreno and Alberto McKay, eds. Urban Geography: A First Approach . David T. Herbert and Colin J. Thomas. The Visual and Spatial Structure of Landscapes . Tadahiko Higuchi. Climate from Tree Rings . M. K. Hughes, P. M. Kelly, J. R. Pilcher, and V. C. LaMarche, Jr., eds. The structure of Nineteenth Century Cities . James H. Johnson and Colin G. Pooley, eds. The American Planner: Biographies and Recollections . Donald A. Krueckeberg, ed. Urban Land Policy For the 1980s, the Message for State and Local Government . George Lefcoe, ed. Regional Planning: Evolution, Crisis and Prospects . Gill C. Lim, ed. Relevance and Ethics In Geography . Bruce Mitchell and Dianne Draper. China: The Geography of Development and Modernization . Clifton W. Pannell and Laurence J. C. MA. The Urban Retailing System . Robert B. Potter. Hants. Nonconventional Energy Resources . Philip R. Pryde. Caribbean Migrants: Environment and Human Survival on St. Kitts and Nevis . Bonham C. Richardson. Population and Resources . Harry Robinson. East Los Angeles: History of A Barrio . Ricardo Romo. Integrated Impact Assessment . Frederick A. Rossini and Alan L. Porter, eds. Environmental Aesthetics: Essays in Interpretation . Barry Sadler and Allen Carlson, eds. Earthwatch . Charles Sheffield. Field Techniques and Research Methods in Geography . Robert H. Stoddard. Haiti: Land of Poverty . Robert J. Tata. Weathering and Erosion: Sources and Methods in Geography . Stephen T. Trudgill. Once Beneath the Forest. Prehistoric Terracing in the Río Bec Region of the Maya Lowlands . B. L. Turner, II. The Historical Geography of Scotland since 1707 . David Turnock. 相似文献
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《The Professional geographer》1985,37(2):226-262
Book Reviewed in this article: The City in Cultural Context . John Agnew, John Mercer, David Sopher, eds. Soils and Geomorphology Peter W. Birkeland. Urbanization and Settlement Systems, International Perspectives . L. S. Bourne, R. Sinclair, and K. Dziewoński. eds. An Introduction to Urban Historical Geography . Harold Carter. Overshoot, The Ecological Basis of Revolutionary Change . William J. Catton, Jr. Rivers of the World . Eberhard Czaya. Jewish Communities in Frontier Societies: Argentina, Australia and South Africa . Daniel J. Elazar with Peter Medding. Color in Public Spaces: Toward a Communication-Based Theory of the Urban Built Environment. Kenneth E. Foote. Spatial Statistics and Models. Gary L. Gaile and Cort J. Willmott, eds. Mega-Geomorphology. Rita Gardner and Helen Scoging, eds. Technological Change and Regional Development. Gillespie, ed. The Arid Lands: Their Use and Abuse. R. L. Heathcote. The Location of Industry in Britain. A. G. Hoare. Groundwater as a Geomorphic Agent . R. G. LaFleur, ed. Rural Public Services: International Comparisons. Richard E. Lonsdale and Gyorgy Enyedi, eds. Saving Water in a Desert City. William E. Martin, Helen M. Ingram, Nancy K. Laney, and Adrian H. Griffin. Water Resources: Distribution, Use and Management. John R. Mather. Transnationals and the Third World: The Struggle for Culture. Armand Mattelart. South Hadley, MA: USGS Digital Cartographic Data Standards. R. B. McEwen, R. E. Witmer, and B. S. Ramey, eds. The Ecosystem Concept in Anthropology. Emilio F. Moran, ed. Boulder, CO: Women, Men, and the International Division of Labor. June Nash and Maria Patricia Fernandez-Kelly, eds. Nuclear Power: Assessing and Managing Hazardous Technology. Martin J. Pasqualetti and K. David Pijawka, eds. Mary Somerville and the Cultivation of Science 1815-1840. Elizabeth Chalmers Patterson. An Introduction to Coastal Geomorphology. John Pethick. Late Quaternary Environments of the United States , Vol. 1, The Late Pleistocene. Stephen C. Porter, ed. Planning and Ecology. R. D. Roberts and T. M. Roberts, eds. Regionalism and the Pacific Northwest. William G. Robbins, Robert J. Frank, and Richard E. Ross, eds. Environment and Health. Anthony J. Rowland and Paul Cooper. Sunbelt/Snowbelt: Urban Development and Regional Restructuring. Larry Sawers and William K. Tabb, eds. The Bad Earth. Environmental Degradation in China. Vaclav Smil. Armonk, NY: Voyage into Substance: Art, Science, Nature, and the Illustrated Travel Account, 1760–1840. Barbara Maria Stafford. The Institute of British Geographers: The First Fifty Years. Robert W. Steel. Visions of the Past. Christopher Taylor and Richard Muir. Glacial Lake Agassiz. J. T. Teller and Lee Clayton, eds. The Tule Breakers: The Story of the California Dredge. John Thompson and Edward A. Dutra. The Balkan City 1400–1900. Nikolai Todorov. Explanation, Prediction and Planning: the Lowry model. Michael J. Webber. Mercedes Reales: Hispanic Land Grants of the Upper Rio Grande Region. Victor Westphall. The World Atlas of Revolutions. Andrew J. M. Wheatcroft. The West European City, A Social Geography. Paul White. Urban Elites and Mass Transportation. J. Allen Whitt. Princeton, NJ: Urban Life In Contemporary China. Martin King Whyte and William L. Parish. The Demand for Energy in the Soviet Union. David Wilson. London and Canberra: Rethinking Geographical Inquiry. J. David Wood, ed. 相似文献
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《The Professional geographer》2013,65(1):85-89
Reviews of geographic software in this article: DEMO-GRAPHICS: WORLD POPULATIONS AND PROJECTIONS. ESP GAUSS. CEMODEL S. Damus LIMDEP. William H. Greene MICROSTAT 4.1 OTIS PCIPS. (Personal Computer Image Processing System). H.J. Meyers and R. Bernstein. REGRESSION ANALYSIS OF TIME SERIES (RATS) SPSS/PC+ URBAN DATA MANAGEMENT SOFTWARE (UDMS) 相似文献
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《The Professional geographer》1983,35(2):230-260
Book Reviewed in this article: Rabat: Urban Apartheid in Morocco . Janet Abu -Lughod . Marketplaces in a Developing Country: The Case of Western Nigeria . Isaac Ayinde Adalemo . Farming Development and Space: A World Agricultural Geography . Bernd Andreae . Section and Party: A Political Geography of American Presidential Elections, from Andrew Jackson to Ronald Reagan . J. Clark Archer and Peter J. Taylor . Women and Space: Ground Rules and Social Maps . Shirley Ardener , ed. European Progress in Spatial Analysis . R. J. Bennett , ed. The Origins of Academic Geography in the United States . Brian W. Blouet Geographic Perspectives on Global Problems . Ronald Reed Boyce . Seasonal Dimensions to Rural Poverty . Robert Chambers , Richard Longhurst and Arnold Pacey eds. The New Nationalism and the Use of Common Spaces: Issues in Marine Pollution and the Exploitation of Antarctica . Jonathan I. Charney , ed. Communications Tomorrow: The Coming of the Information Society . Edward Cornish , ed. The Design of Suburbia . Arthur Edwards . Explorer on the Northern Plains: Lieutenant Gouverneur K. Warren's Preliminary Report of Explorations in Nebraska and Dakota in the Years 1855–56–57. With an Introduction by Frank N. Schubert . The Changing Climate: Responses of the Natural Flora and Fauna . Michael J. Ford . Essentials of Physical Geography . Robert E. Gabler , Robert J. Sager , Sheila Brazier , and Daniel L. Wise. The Road to Jaramillo . William Glen . Valued Environments . John R. Gold and Jacquelin Burgess , eds. Proximity and Preference: Problems in the Multidimensional Analysis of Large Data Sets . Reginald G. Golledge and John N. Rayner , eds. A Search for Common Ground . Peter Gould and Gunnar Olsson , eds. Geography: Its History and Concepts . Arild Holt -Jensen . A Population Geography . Huw R. Jones . The Human Mosaic: A Thematic Introduction to Cultural Geography, 3rd ed. Terry G. Jordan and Lester Rowntree . Urban Social Geography: An Introduction . Paul Knox . The Anatomy of Job Loss: The How, Why and Where of Employment Decline . Doreen Massey and Richard Meegan . The Information Society as Post-Industial Society . Yoneji Masuda . Map Librarianship, 2nd ed. Harold Nichols . India: Cultural Patterns and Processes . Allen G. Noble and Ashok K. Dutt , eds. The God that Limps: Science and Technology in the Eighties . Colin Norman . Geography: An Introductory Perspective . Robert E. Norris , Keith D. Harries and John D. Vitek . The Politics of Technology Assessment . David M. O'Brien and Donald A. Marchand . Ethnic Segregation in Cities . Ceri Peach , Vaughan Robinson and Susan Smith , eds. Churches and Church Membership in the United States, 1980 . Bernard Quinn , Herman Anderson , Martin Bradley , Paul Goetting and Peggy Shriver . Energy in Australia: Politics and Economics . Hugh Saddler . Development from Above or Below? The Dialectics of Regional Planning in Developing Countries . Walter B. Stóuhr and D. R. Fraser Taylor , eds. Human Impact on the Ecosystem . Joy Tivy and Greg O'Hare . Plants and People: Vegetation Change in North America . Thomas R. Vale . The Mapmakers: The Story of the Great Pioneers in Cartography from Antiquity to the Space Age . John Noble Wilford . 相似文献