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1.
Shaoru Yin Weiwei Ding Derek E. Sawyer Ziyin Wu Yong Tang 《International Geology Review》2020,62(7-8):887-907
ABSTRACT Based on approximately 11,000 km of seismic reflection data collected across the South China Sea oceanic basin, we describe the sedimentary filling characteristics of the basin since its Oligocene opening, as well as connections between this history and contemporaneous regional tectonic events. The seismic lines are spaced ~50 km apart, and the data are tied to International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP) Expedition 349 drilling data. Basin filling occurred in three phases, with basin-wide mean sedimentation rates increasing through time. During the Oligocene to middle Miocene, sediments accumulated primarily in the northern East and Northwest Sub-basins, with a mean basin-wide sedimentation rate of 8 m/m.y. The presence of these deposits over deep basement floor indicates that seafloor spreading initiated in these northern regions. During the late Miocene, deposition occurred primarily in the Northwest Sub-basin and partly in the southern East Sub-basin, with a mean basin-wide sedimentation rate of 30 m/m.y. Basin filling during this time seems to have been linked to slip reversal of the Red River Fault and collision of the North Palawan Block with the Luzon Arc. During the Pliocene and Pleistocene, sediments accumulated rapidly in the northeastern and southern East Sub-basin and the Southwest Sub-basin. The mean basin-wide sedimentation rate was 70 m/m.y. Basin filling during this phase seems to have been associated with the Taiwan and North Palawan collisions, SCS subduction along the Manila Trench, and Tibetan Plateau uplift. Gravity flow deposits predominate throughout the basin fill. 相似文献
2.
琼东南盆地中央峡谷沉积充填特征及油气地质意义 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
综合利用地震、测井、岩芯、岩屑分析化验资料及古生物资料,研究了琼东南盆地中央峡谷形态、沉积充填特征及其油气地质意义。结果表明,位于琼东南盆地中央坳陷带的中央峡谷,西起始莺歌海盆地东部陆坡,东终止南海西北次海盆,整体呈SW—NE走向,平面上呈"S"形,剖面上呈对称或不对称"V"和"U"型,峡谷长、底宽、顶宽和谷深分别约为580km、1～3km、6～15km、400～600m;峡谷以溯源堆积方式充填了相互叠置的多期砂岩和泥岩,中、下部以近基浊积岩充填为主,向上逐渐过渡为远基浊积岩和深海相泥岩;峡谷沉积体系划分为峡谷中心、边缘和漫溢3个微相;峡谷不仅是碎屑物质的通道,也是碎屑物质卸载堆积和油气运移、富集的重要场所,发育隐蔽岩性和构造-岩性复合油气藏。 相似文献
3.
Abstract. The aseismic Palawan microcontinental block is an oceanic bathymetric high that has collided with the seismically-ac-tive Philippine Mobile Belt since the Early Miocene. Consequently, tectonic microblocks immediately north (Luzon) and south (Western Visayas Block) of the collision front rotated in opposite senses. The rotation led the microblocks to onramp adjacent strike-slip faults, and converted these to subduction zones, namely, the current Manila and Negros Trenches. In addition, the collision also initiated the southward propagation of a major left-lateral strike slip fault, the Philippine Fault Zone, and the Philippine Trench, which bounds the Philippine archipelago along its eastern boundary. Based on onshore and offshore data, the Philippine Fault Zone and the East Luzon Trough - Philippine Trench appears to also propagate northward. Furthermore, the opposite direction of propagation is also noted for the Manila and Negros Trenches from the locus of the collision in the Central Philippines to their northern and southern extensions, respectively. The ages of initiation of the Manila Trench (Early Miocene), Philippine Fault Zone (Middle Miocene) and Philippine Trench (Pliocene) as encountered along a west to east transect in the Central Philippines are consistent with the collision and subsequent indentation of Palawan with the rest of the Philippine Mobile Belt. 相似文献
4.
《International Geology Review》2012,54(5):547-571
The central Wassuk Range is ideally located to investigate the interplay of Basin and Range extension and Walker Lane dextral deformation along the western Nevada margin of the Basin and Range province. To elucidate the Cenozoic evolution of the range, the author conducted geologic mapping, structural data collection and analysis, geochemical analysis of igneous lithologies, and geochronology. This research delineates a three-stage deformational history for the range. A pulse of ENE–WSW-directed extension at high strain rates (～8.7 mm/yr) was initiated immediately after the eruption of ～15 Ma andesite flows; strain was accommodated by high-angle, closely spaced (1–2 km), east-dipping normal faults which rotated and remained active to low angles as extension continued. A post-12 Ma period of extension at low strain rates produced a second generation of normal faults and two prominent dextral strike–slip faults which strike NW, subparallel to the dextral faults of the Walker Lane at this latitude. A new pulse of ongoing extension began at ～4 Ma and has been accomodated primarily by the east-dipping range-bounding normal fault system. The increase in the rate of fault displacement has resulted in impressive topographic relief on the east flank of the range, and kinematic indicators support a shift in extension direction from ENE–WSW during the highest rates of Miocene extension to WNW–ESE today. The total extension accommodated across the central Wassuk Range since the middle Miocene is >200%, with only a brief period of dextral fault activity during the late Miocene. Data presented here suggest a local geologic evolution intimately connected to regional tectonics, from intra-arc extension in the middle Miocene, to late Miocene dextral deformation associated with the northward growth of the San Andreas Fault, to a Pliocene pulse of extension and magmatism likely influenced by both the northward passage of the Mendocino triple junction and possible delamination of the southern Sierra Nevada crustal root. 相似文献
5.
An air‐gun survey, conducted over a total distance of 4356 km in the western end of the Kurile Arc offshore, has revealed the architecture and evolution of the Kushiro submarine canyon and Tokachi submarine channels of the Tokachi‐oki forearc basin. The Kushiro submarine canyon, which runs along the eastern margin of the forearc basin, is characterized by an entrenchment of up to several hundred metres in depth. The Tokachi submarine channels, by contrast, occupy the centre of the basin and consist of small, branching and levéed channels. The Kushiro submarine canyon is not connected to the Tokachi River, which has the largest drainage area in eastern Hokkaido, with a catchment area of approximately 9010 km2 that includes high mountains and a volcanic region. Instead, the Kushiro submarine canyon exhibits an offset connection/quasi‐connection (probably having been connected during a prior sea‐level lowstand) with the Kushiro River (drainage area of 2500 km2) which contains the Kushiro Swamp at its mouth. To understand this unusual arrangement of rivers and submarine channels, acoustic facies analysis was undertaken to establish the seismic stratigraphy of the area. Subsurface strata can be divided into six seismic units of Miocene to Recent age. Analyses of seismic facies and isopach maps indicate that: (i) the palaeo‐Kushiro submarine canyon, which was ancestral to the Kushiro submarine canyon, was an aggradational levéed channel; and (ii) the palaeo‐Tokachi submarine channel was much larger than the present‐day channel and changed its course several times. Both the palaeo‐Kushiro submarine canyon and palaeo‐Tokachi submarine channel were fed predominantly by the ancestral Tokachi River, whereas the present‐day channels are no longer connected or quasi‐connected to the Tokachi River. Entrenchment of the Kushiro submarine canyon began in its distal reaches during the Early Pleistocene and propagated landward over time, which was possibly caused by base‐level fall (i.e. subsidence of the trench floor) or uplift of the forearc basin. Entrenchment of the upper part of the Kushiro submarine canyon began during the Middle Pleistocene, which may have been related to: (i) depositional progradation; (ii) uplift of the coastal area; or (iii) a change in source area from the ancestral Tokachi River to the Kushiro River. 相似文献
6.
Erdi&#x;n Yi&#x;i&#x;tba Ali&#x; Elmas Ati&#x;lla Sefun Nai&#x;de
zer 《Geological Journal》2004,39(2):179-198
Eastern Marmara region consists of three different morphotectonic units: Thrace–Kocaeli Peneplain (TKP) and Çamdağ–Akçakoca Highland (ÇAH) in the north, and Armutlu–Almacık Highland in the south of the North Anatolian Fault Zone (NAFZ). The geologic‐morphologic data and seismic profiles from the Sakarya River offshore indicate that the boundary between the TKP in the west and ÇAH in the east is a previously unrecognized major NNE–SSW‐trending strike‐slip fault zone with reverse component. The fault zone is a distinct morphotectonic corridor herein named the Adapazarı–Karasu corridor (AKC) that runs along the Sakarya River Valley and extends to its submarine canyon along the southern margin of the Black Sea in the north. It formed as a transfer fault zone between the TKP and ÇAH during the Late Miocene; the former has been experiencing extensional forces and the latter compressional forces since then. East–West‐trending segments of the NAFZ cuts the NE–SW‐trending AKC and their activity has resulted in the formation of a distinct fault‐bounded morphology, which is characterized by alternating E–W highlands and lowlands in the AKC. Furthermore, this activity has resulted in the downward motion of an ancient delta and submarine canyon of the Sakarya River in the northern block of the NAFZ below sea level so that the waters of the Black Sea invaded them. The NE–SW‐trending faults in the AKC were reactivated with the development of the NAFZ in the Late Pliocene, which then caused block motions and microseismic activities throughout the AKC. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
7.
为揭示南海北部东沙海底峡谷沉积演化及其资源效应,利用高分辨率二维多道地震与多波束测深数据,对该峡谷中-上游段的沉积层序、地貌特征及沉积构型展开剖析.东沙海底峡谷上游段表现为6个分支峡谷,中游段则汇聚为2条主峡谷,峡谷头部广泛发育分支水道.峡谷中游段于早中新世晚期开始发育,处于岩浆岩体和构造凸起之间;上游段分支峡谷形成于晚中新世以来,其与峡谷头部分支水道的形成分别受断裂体系和底流作用影响较大.东沙海底峡谷演化分为3个阶段:(1)早中新世晚期-中中新世,峡谷初始发育阶段;(2)晚中新世,峡谷拓展阶段;(3)上新世以来,现代峡谷发育阶段.东沙海底峡谷向马尼拉海沟提供了充足的富有机质沉积物,构成了马尼拉海沟增生楔天然气水合物形成的重要物质基础. 相似文献
8.
晚新生代天山隆升与库车坳陷构造转换的沉积约束 总被引：31，自引：2，他引：31
对库车坳陷库车河剖面不同尺度沉积碎屑组分的系统分析发现 ,晚第三纪以来类磨拉石及其中不稳定碎屑矿物组合开始发育 ,并在中新世后发生显著增加。沉积体系研究表明 ,库车坳陷自白垩纪以来粗粒冲积体系前锋、沉积中心逐步向南迁移 ;但该规律自上新世开始发生了明显转变 ,表现为上新世库车组、上 -更新世西域组冲积体系整体大尺度南移 ,而沉积中心则相对北移 ,盆地北部沉积边界与现存盆山边界大致可以对比 ,并受到南倾同沉积正断裂的控制。对比天山区域构造、古气候演变资料 ,认为上述沉积记录是晚新生代强烈挤压应力作用下天山构造隆升加剧 ,并在上新世以后由于重力作用诱发库车坳陷 -天山浅部构造层伸展、坍塌的结果。对这一构造转换的认识修订了库车坳陷新生代构造调整的序列。 相似文献
9.
印度板块与欧亚大陆的汇聚作用和持续碰撞使中亚内陆沿天山、昆仑山、阿尔金山发生变形,山脉前沿发育褶皱冲断带。南天山库车褶皱冲断带中段库车河地区发育3～4排东西走向的逆冲(掩)断层和相关褶皱,逆冲(掩)断层由北向南扩展,断层和褶皱的形成时代自北向南逐渐变新,北部山前带的变形发生于前中新世,南部秋立塔克背斜带和亚肯背斜带的变形时代为上新世(5.2±0.2Ma)。通过构造几何学和运动学分析,作者提出了库车褶皱冲断带的构造变形方式和演化模型。 相似文献
10.
The east–west-trending North Anatolian Fault makes a 17° bend in the western Marmara region from a mildly transpressional segment to a strongly transtensional one. We have studied the changes in the morphology and structure around this fault bend using digital elevation models, field structural geology, and multi-channel seismic reflection profiles. The transpression is reflected in the morphology as the Ganos Mountain, a major zone of uplift, 10 km wide and 35 km long, elongated parallel to the transpressional Ganos Fault segment west of this bend. Flat-lying Eocene turbidites of the Thrace Basin are folded upwards against this Ganos Fault, forming a monocline with the Ganos Mountain at its steep southern limb and the flat-lying hinterland farther north at the flat limb. The sharp northern margin of the Ganos Mountain coincides closely with the monoclinal axis. The strike of the bedding, and the minor and regional fold axes in the Eocene turbidites in Ganos Mountain are parallel to the trace of the Ganos Fault indicating that these structures, as well as the morphology, have formed by shortening perpendicular to the North Anatolian Fault. The monoclinal structure of Ganos Mountain implies that the North Anatolian Fault dips under this mountain at 50°, and this ramp terminates at a decollement at a calculated depth of 8 km. East of this fault bend, the northward dip of the North Anatolian Fault is maintained but it has a normal dip-slip component. This has led to the formation of an asymmetric half-graben, the Tekirdağ Basin in the western Sea of Marmara, containing a thickness of up to 2.5 km of Pliocene to Recent syn-transform sediments. As the Ganos uplift is translated eastwards from the transpressional to the transtensional zone, it undergoes subsidence by southward tilting. However, a morphological relic of the Ganos uplift is maintained as the steep northern submarine slope of the Tekirdağ Basin. The minimum of 3.5 km of fault-normal shortening in the Ganos Mountain, and the minimum of 40 km eastward translation of the Ganos uplift indicate that the present fault geometry has existed for at least the last 2 million years. 相似文献
11.
C. A. Metzger 《Australian Journal of Earth Sciences》2013,60(7):871-885
Effects in Australia of a global spike of warm-wet climate during the middle Miocene (ca16 Ma) have been controversial, with one faction arguing for inland rain forest and the other faction for dry woodland. This question is here addressed using the Oligocene–Miocene sequence of fossil mammal localities at Lake Palankarinna, South Australia, which includes numerous paleosols that have been dated by paleomagnetism, palynology, biostratigraphy, and radiometric methods to straddle this paleoclimatic event. Paleosols of the Oligocene–Miocene Etadunna and Pliocene Tirari Formations formed in arid paleoclimates and include pedogenic gypsum. The Maralji paleosol, developed on early Miocene Etadunna Formation and overlain by late Miocene–Pliocene Mampuwordu Sands, is middle Miocene in age based on mammal fauna at correlative horizons in nearby Lake Ngapakaldi. The Maralji paleosol has shallow calcareous nodules and stout root traces suggesting vegetation like dry woodland (mallee). Mallee vegetation now grows no closer than 1200 km to the southwest, so middle Miocene warm-wet climate enabled range extension of mallee and woody thickening of plants in the Australia outback. There is no evidence in the outback of middle Miocene rain forest, which may have expanded its range to form kaolinitic Ultisols near Sydney, Mudgee and Gulgong, all in New South Wales. Nor is there evidence so far inland of swamp woodlands and heaths like those producing brown coals in the Latrobe Valley, Victoria. 相似文献
12.
In this study, we reveal a series of newly discovered submarine canyons, sediment waves, and mass movements on a flat and smooth seafloor using high-resolution, multi-beam bathymetry and shallow seismic surveys along the northern slope of the South China Sea. We also describe their geomorphology and seismic stratigraphy characteristics in detail. These canyons display U-shaped cross sections and are roughly elongated in the NNW–SSE direction; they are typically 8–25 km long, 1.2–7 km wide, and form incisions up to 175 m into Pliocene–Quaternary slope deposits at water depths of 400–1000 m. Slide complexes and the sediment wave field are oriented in the NE–SW direction and cover areas of approximately 1790 and 926 \(\hbox {km}^{2}\), respectively. Debris/turbidity flows are present within these canyons and along their lower slopes. Detailed analysis of seismic facies indicates the presence of six seismic facies, in which Cenozoic strata located above the acoustic basement in the study area can be roughly subdivided into three sequences (1–3), which are separated by regional unconformities (Tg, T4, and T3). By combining these data with the regional geological setting and the results of previous studies, we are able to determine the genetic mechanisms used to create these canyons, sediment wave field, and mass movements. For example, frontally confined slide complexes could have been influenced by high sedimentation rates and high pore pressures. A series of very large subaqueous sediment waves, which record wavelengths of 1.4–2 km and wave heights of 30–50 m, were likely produced by interactions between internal solitary waves and along-slope bottom (contour) currents. Canyons were likely initially created by landslides and then widened laterally by the processes of downcutting, headward erosion, and active bottom currents and debris/turbidity flows on canyon floors. We therefore propose a three-dimensional model to describe the development of these mass movements, the sediment wave field, and canyons. The four stages of this model include a stable stage, followed by the failure of the slope, and subsequent formations of the sediment wave field and canyons. 相似文献
13.
Andrea Festa Kei Ogata Gian Andrea Pini Yildirim Dilek Giulia Codegone 《International Geology Review》2015,57(5-8):540-562
In the Northern Apennines of Italy, mud-rich olistostromes (sedimentary mélanges) occur at different stratigraphic levels within the late Oligocene–early Miocene sedimentary record of episutural/wedge-top basins. They are widely distributed along the exhumed outer part of the Ligurian accretionary complex, atop the outer Apenninic prowedge, over an area about 300 km long and 10–15 km wide. Olistostromes represent excellent examples of ancient submarine mass-transport complexes (MTCs), consisting of stacked cohesive debris flows that can be directly compared to some of those observed in modern accretionary wedges. We describe the internal arrangement of olistostrome occurrences in the sector between Voghera and the Monferrato area, analysing their relationships with mesoscale liquefaction features, which are commonly difficult to observe in modern MTCs. Slope failures occurred in isolated sectors along the wedge front, where out-of-sequence thrusting, seismicity, and different pulses of overpressured tectonically induced fluid flows acted concomitantly. Referring to the Northern Apennines regional geology, we also point out a gradual lateral rejuvenation (from late Oligocene to early Miocene) toward the SE and an increasing size and thickness of the olistostromes along the strike of the frontal Apenninic prowedge. This suggests that morphological reshaping of the outer prowedge via mass-transport processes balanced, with different pulses over a short time span, the southeastward migration and segmentation of accretionary processes. The latter were probably favoured by the occurrence in the northwestern part of the Northern Apennines of major, inherited palaeogeographic features controlling the northward propagation of the prowedge. Detailed knowledge of olistostromes, as ancient examples of MTCs related to syn-sedimentary tectonics and shale diapirism, and of their lateral variations in term of age and size, provides useful information in regard to better understanding of both the tectono-stratigraphic evolution of the Apenninic prowedge and the submarine slope failures in modern accretionary wedges. 相似文献
14.
《Journal of South American Earth Sciences》2010,30(4):861-870
The seascape of the continental shelf and slope offshore Santa Marta is sculpted by the submarine Aguja Canyon, a deep seafloor incision that extends from the inner shelf to the continental rise along some 115 km. No major modern rivers flow into this canyon, thus ruling out principal fluvial control on the present geometry of this feature. Recently acquired multibeam sonar bathymetry data have provided insight into the three-dimensional geometry of this outstanding feature that disrupts the seafloor relief. In addition, seismic reflection data provide images of the internal structure of the canyon’s subsurface. In this study, we describe the morphology of the Aguja Canyon along a series of transects, interpret the structure under the canyon, and discuss possible geologic processes that played a role during its formation and modification. Seismic data indicate that incision of the canyon’s inner reach is the result of recent motion along the western termination of the active Oca strike–slip fault. Relief in the middle reach may be predominantly controlled by sedimentary processes (erosion, infilling and lateral thalweg migration). In the past, however, the middle reach may have been tectonically controlled. The outer reach appears to be the combined result of tectonics, sedimentary process and mud-diapiric intrusions. We conclude that the Aguja Canyon is predominantly a tectonic feature that accommodates shallow transpressive stresses as dislocation of the seafloor. 相似文献
15.
Zuhair H. El-Isa 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2013,6(9):3437-3449
The historical seismicity of the last ten centuries and the instrumental data that occurred in the Gulf of Aqaba region during the period 1982–2008 are evaluated. It is found that 12 historical earthquakes have occurred with average recurrence periods 70–90 and 333–500 years for M?≥?6.0 and 7.0, respectively. Those with M?≤?6.5 appear to be incomplete and require further investigation. More than 98 % of the instrumental data has occurred in the form of swarms and sequences. The first have released about 32 % of the total energy and are most likely related to subsurface volcanic activities. Their epicentral distribution indicates that all regional faults of the gulf area are active in the present, but with clear concentration within the area bound by latitudes 28.2°–29.8° and longitudes 34.4°–35.2°. Regional strike-slip faults of the northern two basins appear to be as twice active as the normal, or more. An appreciable level of seismic hazard is envisaged as the “a” value is 6.0–6.2 while the “b” value shows a temporal variation, mostly in the range 0.8–1.05. More than 95 % of the seismic energy was released from earthquakes shallower than 22 km. This indicates a brittle upper crust and a ductile lower crust and upper mantle. Tectonic movements at depths?>?22 km appear to be aseismic. The epicentral distribution of the five swarms indicates that the lengths of the causative faults varied in the range 45–70 km. The maximum expected magnitude is Mw?=?6.8–7.2. This implies a seismic slip rate of about 0.54–0.8 Cm/year and some 20–30 % of aseismic tectonic movements. This and the sequence nature of the seismicity of this region result in a noticeable hazard reduction. Combining the seismicity data of the Gulf of Aqaba region with other geophysical, geological, tectonic, and environmental data, clearly indicate that the seismicity of this region is as old as the initiation of the gulf itself. No apparent southward or northward migration of activity is observed. 相似文献
16.
南海晚中新世-上新世红河沉积体系研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
红河沉积体系为南海西北部近期新发现的大型远源沉积体系,其主要发育于南海莺歌海盆地和琼东南盆地。重点利用大量二维地震剖面资料,根据地震反射特征对晚中新世-上新世红河沉积体系的识别特征以及平面展布进行了研究,以此为基础划分了红河沉积体系在晚中新世-上新世演化阶段。研究结果表明:通过地震反射特征的分析,可以识别出三角洲、水下下切水道、海底峡谷、水道堤岸复合体以及海底扇朵体等沉积;依据红河沉积体系的平面组合和展布特征,可将晚中新世至上新世的红河沉积体系演化划分为3个阶段:10.5～5.5 Ma（SQ1、SQ2）为红河海底扇发育阶段,以发育大型“三角洲-水下下切水道-海底扇”为特征;5.5～3.6 Ma（SQ3、SQ4）为限制性海底扇-中央峡谷发育阶段,以先发育限制性海底扇,后发育大型海底峡谷为特征;3.6～1.8 Ma（SQ5、SQ6）为红河沉积体系衰弱阶段,在研究区内以红河沉积体系主体不发育,海南岛陆坡发育为特征。红河沉积体系是青藏高原隆升的产物,研究红河沉积体系除有利于制定油气勘探方向外,还有助于青藏高原隆升历史恢复、红河袭夺等问题的研究。 相似文献
17.
Xavier Le Pichon Caner İmren Claude Rangin A. M. Celâl Şengör Muzaffer Siyako 《International Journal of Earth Sciences》2014,103(1):219-231
We use about 800 km of multichannel exploration seismic reflection profiles of the seventies as well as the results of three drill holes that penetrated the sedimentary cover down to the Upper Cretaceous basement to describe a continuous gently curvilinear, south-concave zone of deformation about 10 km wide that extended over the whole southern shelf of the Sea of Marmara from the Gulf of Gemlik to the Dardanelles Straits in Lower Pliocene time, about 4 Ma. We call this zone of deformation the South Marmara Fault (SMF) system and propose that the SMF was then a branch of the dextral North Anatolian Fault. This branch passed to the north of the Marmara Island Eocene block and thus had a south-facing concavity. This curvature resulted in a significant component of shortening in the western part of the fault. The SMF was deactivated at the end of Lower Pliocene, about 3.5 Ma, except for its easternmost branch between the Gulf of Gemlik and ?mral? Island where about 5 mm/year of dextral motion is still occurring today. 相似文献
18.
琼东南盆地深水区中央峡谷天然气成藏条件与成藏模式 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
利用钻井岩芯、岩屑地质化验资料及测井、二维、二维地震数据,综合分析了琼东南盆地深水区中央峡谷储层的发育特征、天然气成藏条件及成藏主控因素.结果表明,峡谷中、下部堆积的多期浊积砂岩,储集物性好,是该区带的优质储层;峡谷内发育的大量岩性、构造-岩性复合型圈闭为天然气聚集造就了重要场所;凹陷中的渐新统崖城组煤系烃源岩及广厚的半封闭浅海泥岩生气潜力大,提供了丰富的烃源基础;峡谷下方的底辟/微裂隙是深部崖城组烃源岩生成的天然气向上运移的重要通道.可见,中央峡谷成藏条件优越,圈闭有效性和运移是该区天然气成藏的关键要素;由于峡谷内圈闭大多数定型于上新世莺歌海组沉积时期,与下伏崖城组烃源岩主生气期形成合理配置,因此,天然气成藏较晚,L1、L2和L3气田的重大发现就是很好的例证. 相似文献
19.
盆西峡谷是南海中建南盆地中东部的一条大型峡谷,整体呈NW向,水深介于2 850~4 300 m,全长约188 km,宽为1.5~14.5 km,起始于中建南盆地,延伸到西南次海盆,对其进行形态、结构和形成演化的研究,为后续西南次海盆浊积扇的研究奠定了基础,对深入了解浊流沉积物的搬运模式提供科学依据.利用高分辨率多波束测深、单道和多道地震的最新资料,研究盆西峡谷的形态特征和结构及形成演化,结果表明盆西峡谷具有"分段性"特征,剖面形态从WN向ES依次表现为上段U型、中上段V型、中下段下V上U型和下段U型4段形态;上段以沉积作用为主,发育多期下切河道充填沉积,厚度可达1 200 m;中上段以侵蚀-沉积过渡作用为主,发育浊积水道砂体;中下段以冲刷作用为主,发育内堤岸和块体流沉积;下段发育块体流和滑塌体沉积.研究表明,盆西峡谷的形成受古地貌条件、侵蚀-沉积作用、海平面变化、构造运动和岩浆活动等多方面的影响,其中侵蚀-沉积作用、断裂活动和海平面变化为主控因素.揭示出盆西峡谷沉积演化可分为3个演化阶段:中中新世的峡谷蕴育阶段、晚中新世的峡谷侵蚀-充填阶段和上新世-第四纪的峡谷"回春"阶段. 相似文献
20.
帕米尔东北缘地区构造变形特征与盆山结构 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
帕米尔东北缘乌泊尔地区是正确认识帕米尔北缘盆山结构和构造变形特征非常关键的地区,本文利用连续电磁剖面(CEMP)资料和地震资料,并结合野外地质调查资料和钻井资料,对帕米尔东北缘乌泊尔地区的盆山结构和构造变形特征进行了研究。认为帕米尔东北缘及其以北地区的盆山结构表现为帕米尔造山带向北冲断和南天山向南冲断所形成的对冲结构;帕米尔山前为基底卷入式构造,古生界—中生界沿高角度的逆冲断层推覆到新近系和第四系之上,形成山前的古生界—中生界逆冲推覆带;北侧由受乌泊尔断裂控制的深部隐伏冲断体系和浅部的第四纪背驮盆地所构成。研究区的新生代构造变形时间开始于上新世晚期,并持续变形至今,形成了下更新统西域组(Q_1x)与下伏上新统、Q_2与Q_1和Q_(3-4)与Q_2之间的不整合。研究区最小构造缩短量为48.6 km,缩短率为48.1%。 相似文献